CN114364088A - Lighting system and method for building engineering and application thereof - Google Patents
Lighting system and method for building engineering and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
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- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/12—Energy storage units, uninterruptible power supply [UPS] systems or standby or emergency generators, e.g. in the last power distribution stages
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
Abstract
A lighting system, a method and an application for construction engineering are provided, which comprises a remote control center, a GPRS remote communication network, a sub-controller, a ZigBee wireless communication module, a main controller and a conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp set. The energy-saving illumination model constructed by the invention controls the working state of the tunnel illumination system, and can save illumination power; the bidirectional DC/DC module is adopted to realize energy bidirectional transmission, so that the switching of the current transmission direction is quicker; the duty ratio is adjusted as required to control the independent working state of the lamp group of the tunnel lighting system, so that the lighting power consumption can be saved; a control strategy adopted for the emergency fire in the tunnel is added, and the safety of the tunnel is improved; energy storage equipment is arranged at the inlet end and the outlet end of the tunnel respectively, and green environmental protection is achieved through switching between the commercial power and the energy storage equipment as required.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an illumination system, in particular to an illumination control system, method and application thereof suitable for a highway tunnel in constructional engineering, belonging to the field of photoelectric control of buildings.
Background
Under the promotion action of the high-speed development of modern scientific technology and social economy, the intelligent transformation of building electricity becomes the main development direction of the current building, and in order to further reduce the energy consumption generated by the building, the effective fusion between the electric intelligence and energy-saving design concepts of the building must be promoted. Therefore, the workers need to stand on the aspect of the building project as much as possible, follow the basic sustainable development concept, and determine the key point of the electrical intelligent design, so that a more complete intelligent building system is established, and the advantages and functions of the intelligent building are exerted to the greatest extent.
Prior art, such as chinese patent, its publication number:CN101713512Athe lighting system adopts a lighting source with a color rendering index of more than or equal to 75; the illumination light source is a white light LED lamp; the highway tunnel is sequentially divided into an inlet section, a transition section, a middle section and an outlet section; the white light LED lamp comprises a basic lighting lamp and an enhanced lighting lamp; wherein the accent lighting fixture is disposed at the inlet section, the transition section, and the outlet section; the basic lighting fixture is disposed at the middle section. Chinese patent, publication number: CN108650734A discloses a novel energy-conserving tunnel lighting control system, its characterized in that, this control system includes intelligent energy-conserving control module, traffic information detector, RS485 bus communication module and a plurality of lighting unit, the traffic information detector is used for detecting whether there is the vehicle to pass through the tunnel, with intelligent energy-conserving control module's signal input part electric connection, RS485 bus communication module is used for receivingThe intelligent energy-saving control module is used for receiving the conditions of vehicle passing, real-time illumination intensity in the tunnel and the like for operation and processing, generating corresponding signals to control the starting and brightness adjustment of the tunnel lamp bank, and the signal output end of the intelligent energy-saving control module is electrically connected with the RS485 bus communication module; chinese patent application, application number: publication No.: CN104684215A discloses an intelligent street lamp control system, and this intelligent street lamp control system comprises remote monitoring center, GPRS unit, street lamp controller, data acquisition unit, zigBee wireless communication module and a plurality of groups street lamp node. The remote monitoring center performs unified management on the whole street lamp control system, including selecting a working mode, and collecting and monitoring environmental parameters. The data acquisition unit is responsible for collecting ambient environment parameters including temperature, humidity, illumination, haze and the like. The remote monitoring center is in two-way communication with the street lamp controller through a public network GPRS, the two-way communication comprises control instruction transmission of the remote monitoring center and transmission of collected environmental parameters, and each street lamp node is self-organized through a ZigBee wireless Mesh network; the ZigBee wireless communication modules are distributed in a road section and comprise a ZigBee coordinator and a plurality of ZigBee terminals arranged on street lamp nodes to form a ZigBee wireless Mesh network, the ZigBee coordinator receives instructions of a street lamp controller through a serial port to control the ZigBee terminals, the ZigBee coordinator automatically selects a channel and a network number to establish the network after being electrified, and the ZigBee terminals are added into the established network and are responsible for controlling and driving a street lamp switch according to the instructions of the ZigBee coordinator; and the motion state sensor is arranged on each street lamp node in the road section, measures the motion states of passing pedestrians and vehicles, communicates with the street lamp controller through a data center line form, and controls the street lamp state through the ZigBee wireless Mesh network according to a set program according to the street lamp controller. In addition, the document "design of intelligent lighting control system based on single chip microcomputer" (electronic production, 12 months in 2021, search source, etc.), the intelligent lighting control system adoptsThe STM32F103C8T6 single chip microcomputer is used as a main control chip of the system, a diffuse reflection photoelectric sensor is used for measuring the number of people indoors, a photosensitive sensor is used for measuring the indoor illumination intensity, and a serial port screen displays data such as date and time and the number of people. The document entitled "design of an intelligent lighting control system for a specially-long spiral tunnel of Yan Chong high-speed Jinjiazhuang" (scientific and technological wind, 12 months in 2021, Wuxifeng and the like) aims at the defects of overhigh energy consumption, high labor cost, low intelligent degree and the like commonly existing in the current urban road photograph, and combines a 4G public network and a wireless communication technology to design a road lighting control system which mainly comprises an upper computer client, a 4G/RF gateway and an LED single-lamp controller, and the system realizes the equivalent functions of remote manual or automatic control, street lamp state monitoring and street lamp-environment coordination of street lamps. The document entitled analysis and simulation design of Xinyan highway tunnel lighting system (technology 2018, 5 months, high aspiration and the like) selects a novel stepless adjustable energy-saving lamp based on the traditional highway tunnel lighting design, and is applied to Xinyan high-speed demonstration newly built in Beijing. By utilizing the DIAux software luminous environment simulation function, the intelligent control algorithm is developed and optimized by simulating the data distributed by the camp sub-tunnel model lamps at different powers and intervals, and the self-adaptive energy-saving control mode for more perfecting tunnel illumination is adopted. The document provides scientific and reasonable control loop scheme design and field actual application schemes through comprehensive analysis in aspects of electrodeless dimming control loop setting, network architecture and the like, in combination with engineering field practice and long-term consideration in aspects of operation, maintenance and the like, from the design and actual application of the intelligent illumination control scheme of the extra-long tunnel of the expressway (China traffic informatization, 12 th year 2018, Tiannoyu and the like). In the document, "research on a tunnel illumination control system based on dynamic adjustment of LED light color" (electronic device, volume 44, year 1, year 2021, month 2), a light color dynamic adjustment model for three-channel PWM dimming is derived by taking warm white light, green light, and cold white light as three primary colors; secondly, specifically designing and selecting a hardware circuit according to the overall architecture of the system, and simultaneously completing the development of a color temperature adjusting program of an upper computer control platform and a lower computer; finally, a control system experiment platform is set upAnd carrying out simulation verification on the LED light color dynamic adjustment effect.
However, the above prior art does not provide a detailed control strategy to facilitate the construction, and especially in a highway culvert or tunnel (note: urban street lamp lighting is different from a highway tunnel control strategy), a control strategy such as natural green energy to realize commercial power and green energy complementary power supply or double inverters to realize energy bidirectional transmission, so that the switching of the current transmission direction is quicker, and the like is adopted to realize the technical scheme of energy saving, high efficiency, reasonability and safety of public transportation construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a tunnel lighting system, which is applied to a highway culvert and a tunnel to overcome the defects in the background technology, and the technical scheme is as follows:
a lighting system for construction engineering, characterized in that: comprises a remote control center, a GPRS remote communication network, a sub-controller, a ZigBee wireless communication module, a main controller and a conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp set,
wherein: the remote control center comprises an upper computer with a fixed IP address, a tunnel lighting control platform developed based on LabVIEW software, and a plurality of control subprograms for realizing the control with a remote controlled object;
the GPRS remote communication network consists of a GPRS communication module, remotely accesses an upper computer with a fixed IP address through a GPRS public network, adopts a TCP/IP protocol to carry out remote wireless communication with the upper computer, is responsible for receiving a control instruction sent by a remote control center and then sends the control instruction to a main controller;
the main controller is responsible for converting the data sent by the GPRS module and sending the data to the ZigBee coordinator through a serial port;
the ZigBee wireless communication module is used for transmitting a control command to the sub-controllers by the main controller through the ZigBee network;
on one hand, the sub-controller receives the information of the main controller through a serial port via a ZigBee wireless communication network, on the other hand, the sub-controller outputs a plurality of paths of independent PWM control signals to control a driving power supply of the lighting lamp group according to the received information, and adjusts the color temperature and the luminous flux of the lighting lamp group;
the conventional illumination and emergency illumination lamp set comprises a driving power supply with a PWM dimming function; the lighting lamp group adopts a CC2530 chip carrying a ZigBee 2007Pro protocol stack as a processor;
a power supply module: the system comprises a mains supply and green energy storage electricity, and the mains supply and the green energy storage electricity are switched to supply power to functional modules in the system through a control switch.
Preferably: including establishing the energy storage equipment at tunnel entry end and exit end, concrete structure is as follows: the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a photovoltaic power generation component, an environment sensor, a main controller module, a solar tracking device and the like, wherein the main controller module carries out data processing on environment information collected by a temperature, humidity, wind speed and time sensor so as to judge the actual condition of the current environment; the photoelectric sun tracking sensor is used for sensing the intensity of sunlight and intelligently searching light; the photoelectric sensor transmits the sun positioning information at different moments to the main controller module through analog/digital conversion, and then determines the light intensity and light position information, so as to control the direct current motor to drive the lighting module to face the sun all the time.
Preferably: the LED lamp group adopts the bidirectional DC/DC module, and the bidirectional DC/DC module realizes energy bidirectional transmission only by changing the current flowing direction of the DC/DC module under the condition of not changing the polarity of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC module, so that the switching of the current transmission direction is quicker.
Preferably: and the RS-232 serial port communication module is adopted to realize bidirectional DC/DC module signal transmission, wherein: the RS-232 serial communication interface is a chip CC2530, and the level is converted by utilizing a MAX232CSE chip to establish a bidirectional communication mode between modules.
Preferably: the LED lamp set can be independently controlled through the sub-controller, the sub-controller collects voltage, current and power factors of the lighting/emergency lamp, ambient light brightness and traffic flow information through the sensor, the information is uploaded to the main controller through the ZigBee wireless communication module, and meanwhile 0-10V dimming signals are output to control the brightness of the lighting/emergency lamp.
Advantageous effects
The working state of the tunnel lighting system is controlled by utilizing the constructed energy-saving lighting model, so that the lighting power consumption can be saved.
By adopting the bidirectional DC/DC module, under the condition of not changing the polarity of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC module, energy can be transmitted in two directions only by changing the current flowing direction of the converter, so that the current transmission direction can be switched more quickly.
According to the established energy-saving illumination model, the dimming voltage of the lamp can be adjusted to be 0-10V by adjusting the duty ratio to eta as required, the independent working state of the lamp group of the tunnel illumination system is controlled, and the illumination power consumption can be saved.
And a control strategy adopted for the emergency fire in the tunnel is added, and the safety of the tunnel is improved.
Energy storage equipment is arranged at the inlet end and the outlet end of the tunnel respectively, and green environmental protection is achieved through switching between the commercial power and the energy storage equipment as required.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a PWM/voltage converter circuit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the tunnel lighting system of the present invention comprises a conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp set, a sub-controller, a ZigBee wireless communication module, a main controller, a GPRS module, a power supply module, and a remote control center,
wherein: the remote control center comprises an upper computer with a fixed IP address, a tunnel lighting control platform developed based on LabVIEW software, and an LED light color dynamic regulation subprogram, a LabVIEW TCP/IP communication transmission subprogram, a tunnel different road section brightness regulation subprogram and the like.
The GPRS remote communication network consists of a GPRS communication module, remotely accesses an upper computer with a fixed IP address through a GPRS public network, adopts a TCP/IP protocol to carry out remote wireless communication with the upper computer, is responsible for receiving a control instruction sent by the upper computer and then sends the control instruction to the main controller.
And the main controller is responsible for converting the data sent by the GPRS module and sending the data to the ZigBee coordinator through a serial port.
The ZigBee wireless communication network adopts a star network structure, a ZigBee coordinator is configured at a main controller end, and each LED lamp is configured with a ZigBee terminal node, namely a one-to-many communication mode. The main controller sends the control command to the sub-controllers through the ZigBee network. The star network is suitable for short tunnels, when the actual tunnels are long tunnels and extra-long tunnels, the ZigBee wireless network is built by adopting a tree network structure or a mesh network structure, and the star network can be realized by adding a plurality of ZigBee routers in the star network structure.
And the sub-controller receives the information of the main controller through a serial port through a ZigBee wireless communication network, outputs a plurality of paths of independent PWM control signals to control the LED driving power supply according to the received information and adjusts the color temperature and the luminous flux of the LED lamp bank.
The conventional illumination and emergency illumination lamp set comprises a driving power supply with a PWM dimming function; the lighting lamp group adopts a CC2530 chip carrying a ZigBee 2007Pro protocol stack as a processor.
A power supply module: the system comprises a mains supply and green energy storage electricity, and the mains supply and the green energy storage electricity are switched to supply power to functional modules in the system through a control switch.
The following first explains a design principle that the tunnel lighting control system of the invention controls the working state of the tunnel lighting system by utilizing the constructed energy-saving lighting model, thereby realizing the purpose of saving lighting power.
The invention relates to a method for analyzing whether the leveling temperature in a tunnel is matched with the working state of an illuminating lamp on a certain time section or not by starting from a static temperature utility function and a static time utility function. The static temperature utility function quantifies the operating temperature of the lighting device in the tunnel according to the relationship between the desired temperature and the actual temperature, and the formula is as follows:
in the formula:
a value of a static temperature utility function of the lighting device i at a time t; t istIs the temperature of the equipment at time t; [ T ]1,T2]Is a desired temperature interval; k is a static temperature utility reduction coefficient. When T ist∈[T1,T2]When, the utility value is 1; when T ist<T1Or Tt>T2When the temperature utility value is decreased under the action of the parameter k, k belongs to (0,1), and the smaller the parameter k is, the faster the temperature utility value is decreased; and quantifying the running state of the lighting equipment at a certain moment by using a static time utility function, wherein the calculation result is as follows:
in the formula:
is the static time utility number of the lighting device i at the time t; [ t ] ofmin,tmax]A desired usage time for the lighting; [ T ]1,T2]The actual on time for the illumination.
When the emergency lighting is turned off, the time utility function value is 0; when the conventional lighting works normally, the value of the time utility function is 1. And determining the power utilization state of the tunnel lighting through the calculation.
And constructing an energy-saving illumination model of tunnel illumination according to the calculation result. Selecting a conventional lighting device b as a research object, using s to represent the influence area of the conventional lighting device, X to represent all node sets in the influence area, and XiIndicating a certain electrical node x thereiniE X, i ═ 1,2, …, n. At any time, the active state of each node can be marked as a (x)iT), the active set is denoted by bs (t), and bs (t) is present [ a (x1, t), a (x2, t),. ], a (xn, t)](ii) a Let the set of regular luminaires b be Db ═ D1b,D2b,…,Dnb }. Wherein the real-time operating state is denoted as db(t) real time Power is denoted Pb(t) of (d). The operation state of the conventional lighting device b during the time period (0, ta)Set as Db(0, ta). The time t affects the power utilization utility scene of the conventional lighting device b while affecting the area s, so the scene parameter set in this state is denoted as CbAnd s, in the time period (0, ta) and the area s, all scene parameter state sets influencing the electricity utilization effect of the conventional lighting equipment b are used, namely CbAnd s (0, ta). The electric utility obtained by combining the calculation is used as a main target for saving energy, the running state of the electric appliance is dynamically optimized, the electric energy consumption of the equipment is controlled within the minimum value within a specified time period, and meanwhile, the running state of the conventional lighting equipment can be ensured. Assume that the power consumption value is H during the time period (0, ta)b(0, ta), the calculation formula of the energy-saving optimization objective function is:
at this time, if there are conventional lighting apparatuses having the same power utilization effect, the combination optimization is required. Therefore, according to the set parameters, the objective function is optimized again within the same time interval:
to sum up, the tunnel energy-saving illumination model is as follows:
wherein, the Bs () is the set of active states of all nodes in the time period; t is t0-(t0+ta) Is a certain period of time; db(t) is the running state at a certain time; db(t) is the running state of the tunnel equipment b at a certain moment; cb, s (t) is a scene parameter state set which influences the electricity utilization effect of the circuit b at a certain moment in the area s; minHb(t0,t0+ta) Is the minimum power consumption in a certain period of time. Controlling the working state of the tunnel lighting system by using the constructed energy-saving lighting modelAnd the lighting power can be saved.
The following detailed description explains the specific structure of the function control module involved in the lighting control system of the present invention:
the design of a bidirectional DC/DC module and a communication module control strategy are adopted:
because the DC/DC module in the existing building tunnel lighting system adopts a single-phase working mode, the energy in the DC/DC module can only flow in a single direction under the influence of the power transmission diode, and the reverse circulation of the energy is limited, so that the application of the DC/DC module in the occasions where the energy flows in two directions is also limited. If the tunnel lighting system keeps the unidirectional DC/DC module in the original system, and the unidirectional DC-DC converter A and the converter B are built in an anti-parallel mode, the complexity of the lighting system circuit is increased by too many devices, so that the bidirectional DC/DC module is adopted to replace 2 unidirectional DC/DC modules, and the bidirectional flow of energy is realized; the bidirectional DC/DC module can realize bidirectional energy transmission by only changing the current flowing direction of the converter under the condition of not changing the polarity of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC module, so that the switching of the current transmission direction is quicker.
In order to ensure the work fluency of the bidirectional DC-DC converter, a serial communication module of the lighting system is redesigned: the RS-232 serial communication interfaces are USART0 and USART1 of the chip CC2530, wherein the USART0 adopts an asynchronous UART mode; USART1 adopts synchronous Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) mode; the chip CC2530 uses transistor-transistor logic level, and the serial communication module is designed to follow RS-232 level, so that the two can not be directly connected, the level is converted by using a MAX232CSE chip, then a bidirectional communication mode between the modules is established, and 4 chip capacitors of 0.1 muF are added to the peripheral circuit of the MAX232CSE chip.
Strategy for individual control of lighting/emergency light banks:
the invention can realize the independent control of the illumination/emergency lamp group in the tunnel through the sub-controller, the sub-controller collects the voltage, current, power factor, environment light brightness and traffic flow information of the illumination/emergency lamp through the sensor, and uploads the information to the main controller through the ZigBee wireless communication module, and simultaneously outputs 0-The 10V dimming signal controls the brightness of the lighting/emergency lamp. The lighting/emergency lamp adopts 0-10V analog direct current voltage dimming, and simultaneously takes the consideration that a sub-controller needs to control a group of lighting/emergency lamps (at least 2 lighting or emergency lamps) at the same time, so the invention uses PWM to generate 0-10V direct current voltage by simulating DAC through an RC low-pass filter, and a circuit is shown in figure 2. The sub-controller generates a PWM signal with a frequency of 150Hz by using a timer TIM2, and the PWM signal is filtered by a low-pass filter consisting of R3 and C2 to obtain an average voltage
Let Vh be the high level of the PWM signal and eta be the duty ratio, then the average voltage
Comprises the following steps:
the operational amplifier forms an in-phase proportional amplifying circuit pair
Amplifying, and outputting the dimming voltage to the lighting lamp/emergency lamp as follows:
therefore, according to the established energy-saving illumination model, the dimming voltage of the lamp can be adjusted to be 0-10V by adjusting the duty ratio to eta according to the requirement, the single working state of the LED lamp group of the tunnel illumination system is controlled, and the illumination power consumption can be saved.
The control strategy adopted for the fire emergency in the tunnel is as follows:
in the tunnel, a fire disaster can happen to any position of a running vehicle, and the fire accident at the middle position has the greatest influence on escape. In the middle, half of the people are under the smoke no matter what wind directionA swimming position that is most unfavorable for safe escape. Assuming that a fire disaster occurs in the middle of the tunnel, in order to ensure the accuracy of numerical simulation of the fire disaster, the invention adopts an unsteady state model to simulate a fire source. The model can be expressed as: r ═ χ τ2
In the formula: r is the heat release rate of the fire; τ is time; χ is a growth coefficient of the heat release rate.
And establishing a calculation model according to the actual set size of the tunnel, and dividing a grid on the model so as to facilitate subsequent calculation. To make the model similar to the two flow fields of the prototype, it is necessary to ensure that the reynolds number is greater than 1000, and by this condition, the scale relationship between the fire model and the tunnel prototype is established. When a fire disaster occurs, the smoke is driven by heat to flow, and the speed of the smoke is considered as the characteristic speed of the fire plume, which can be specifically expressed as: v 1.9R1.5
In the formula: v is the characteristic velocity of the flue gas.
According to the formula, the characteristic diameters of the fire source at different positions can be calculated and are corresponding to the grid size. The division of the unit grid follows a poisson distribution. On the basis, the boundary conditions of the design model mainly comprise inlet speed, initial temperature, pressure at two ends, environmental parameters and the like.
Based on the constructed tunnel fire smoke spreading model, the semiconductor thermoelectric generation is utilized to track the maximum power point of emergency lighting, so that the output power of the power generation assembly is obtained, and data support is provided for the design of evacuation rescue routes. In an ideal situation, the semiconductor thermoelectric generation assembly can be considered as a voltage source, and now:
in the formula: w is the maximum output power; v1 is the output voltage; r1 and r2 are internal resistance and load resistance, respectively.
In the linear circuit, the maximum output power can be obtained by matching the internal resistance and the load resistance. Under the external condition with the same temperature difference, by applying disturbance to the reference voltage, an amplified signal can be obtained and voltage control can be realized. After the power ratio is directly givenEach converter is in an open loop state. At the moment, a feedback voltage loop is applied, and the obtained voltage is opposite to the original direction; after the output power is changed, it means that the operating point approaches the direction of the maximum power point. The above process can be expressed as: Δ α ═ β + [ β - β ](l-1)]sign[p-p(l-1)]
In the formula: Δ α is the amplitude of the disturbance variable, i.e. the fixed step size; beta is a disturbance variable; l is a time interval; p is the output power; sign is a sign function.
The calculation method has the advantages that external conditions such as temperature measurement and the like are not needed, and power oscillation and time efficiency can be obtained only by utilizing fixed final compensation. Under the condition that the condition change is unstable, the method still has high final effect, is suitable for dynamic characteristic analysis of the tunnel model, and can reduce power loss.
And designing a path weight algorithm according to the dynamic tracking result of the maximum power of the emergency lighting, and screening the optimal path for evacuation and rescue in the tunnel. In actual tunnel fire evacuation rescue, the temperature of an evacuation space and the concentration information of harmful gases such as smoke are updated at certain fixed time intervals. And (4) calculating the equivalent length value in real time on the basis of the data obtained by the environment detection device so as to determine the evacuation path. And updating the space congestion value while finishing the global path optimization. In order to improve the calculation efficiency, the nodes with the same attribute are merged, and the total amount of the spatial nodes is reduced. The updated node has a corresponding parameter value. Similarly, when the space range is large, the nodes are split, so that the calculation accuracy is improved.
Application of green energy storage device:
according to the invention, energy storage devices are respectively arranged at the entrance end and the exit end of the tunnel, and green and environment-friendly effects are realized through switching between commercial power and the energy storage devices as required, and the tunnel energy storage device has the following specific structure:
the energy storage device includes: the system comprises a photovoltaic power generation component, an environment sensor, a main controller module, a solar tracking device and the like, wherein the main controller module carries out data processing on environment information collected by temperature and humidity, wind speed, a time sensor and the like so as to judge the actual condition of the current environment; the photoelectric sun tracking sensor is used for sensing the intensity of sunlight and intelligently searching light; the photoelectric sensor transmits sun positioning information at different moments to the main controller module through analog/digital conversion, then light intensity and light position information are determined, and further a two-dimensional direct current motor is controlled to drive the lighting module to always face the sun, so that automatic tracking of a sunlight target in a range of 0-90 degrees in the vertical direction and 180 degrees in the horizontal direction is realized; the solar tracking device comprises a solar panel, a storage battery, a photovoltaic power generation component, a solar tracking device, a storage battery and a power supply module.
The solar tracking sensor adopted by the energy storage device adopts a four-quadrant coarse-fine adjustment two-stage positioning and real-time tracking working mode, two groups of photodiodes (4 in each group) with good consistency are selected as photosensitive elements, one group of photodiodes positioned on the outer side of a reference plate of a main controller module is used as a four-quadrant coarse adjustment sunlight signal acquisition group for searching sunlight in a large range, and one group of photodiodes positioned on the inner side of the reference plate is used as a four-quadrant fine adjustment sunlight signal acquisition group for searching sunlight in a small range. In consideration of the fact that sunlight is weak every morning and evening, the sunlight is strong every noon, and phenomena such as when the sensor is back to sunlight or light is shielded by dark clouds and the like often occur, the sensor receives the sunlight collected by the optical convex lens, so that the problem of poor lighting signals caused by weak sunlight in the morning and evening can be effectively avoided, and the sensitivity of the sensor to weak light during working in the morning and evening is enhanced; the excessive sunshine intensity makes photosensitive diode group get into the saturation region daytime at noon, and this must reduce the fine location precision of sensor sunshine, consequently according to the in-service use condition, takes the installation screw bolt mode to effectively and low-cost regulation spotlight facula focus size, thereby can indirectly reduce the sunshine area region that photosensitive diode received and make photosensitive diode withdraw from the saturation region and resume normal sensitization work. Meanwhile, the main controller module has a clock signal, and immediately starts a self-searching mode after the time of the sunlight ray back exceeds a threshold value. Therefore, the sun tracking sensor adopted by the invention can provide high-precision sun positioning information for the lighting device all the year round. In addition, in order to make the sun tracking sensor work stably and reliably, the optical convex lens is effectively connected with the lens fixing ring and fixed on the sensor bottom datum plate through a special threaded bolt (a nut with a thread shape).
The solar tracking device of the energy storage device needs to control the worm and gear speed reduction direct current motor to move so as to accurately track sunlight. Considering that the traditional PID algorithm can not meet the requirement of accurate control of motor displacement and needs manual parameter adjustment, and the fuzzy control can realize real-time setting of three parameters of the PID controller, the fuzzy-PID algorithm is provided for intelligently controlling the motor motion angle. And selecting the motor motion angle deviation e and the deviation change rate ec as input variables of the fuzzy-PID controller, and constructing a two-dimensional fuzzy controller by using three parameters KP, KI and KD of the PID controller as output variables. Defining the fuzzy subsets of input and output as 8, wherein each of the fuzzy subsets is { NB, NM, NS, N0, P0, PS, PM, PB }, and: NB-negative large, NM-negative medium, NS-negative small, ZO-zero, PS-positive small, PM-positive large, PB-positive large, negative zero N0 and positive zero P0 can all be represented by Z0, and input and output discourse fields are between [ -6, 6 ]. Based on the analysis and by combining PID parameter setting experience, a fuzzy reasoning criterion of the fuzzy-PID controller under the condition of different combinations of the deviation e and the deviation change rate ec is given, a fuzzy-PID controller simulation model is built in a Simulink library in MATLAB, and the fuzzy-PID controller simulation model is continuously debugged until the motion angle of the direct-current speed reducing motor is accurately controlled.
The electric energy collected by photovoltaic power generation is complementary with commercial power; in order to ensure that the equipment works stably for a long time and effectively solves the problems of equipment failure, damage and the like, the main controller module also controls the four-way limit switch in the south, east, west and north to carry out self-protection on the equipment, and simultaneously can upload the state information of the energy storage equipment to a remote control center to monitor and control the equipment to work reliably in a real-time and remote manner.
In conclusion, the invention controls the tunnel lighting system by the most advanced control technology and equipment through the design of the road tunnel lighting system, enhances the functions and the energy-saving effect of tunnel lighting, and creates greater value for the transportation industry.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A lighting system for construction engineering, characterized in that: the intelligent control system comprises a remote control center, a GPRS remote communication network, sub-controllers, a ZigBee wireless communication module, a main controller and a conventional lighting and emergency lighting lamp set;
wherein: the remote control center comprises an upper computer with a fixed IP address, a tunnel lighting control platform developed based on LabVIEW software, and a plurality of control subprograms for realizing the control with a remote controlled object;
the GPRS remote communication network consists of a GPRS communication module, remotely accesses an upper computer with a fixed IP address through a GPRS public network, adopts a TCP/IP protocol to carry out remote wireless communication with the upper computer, is responsible for receiving a control instruction sent by a remote control center and then sends the control instruction to a main controller;
the main controller is responsible for converting the data sent by the GPRS module and sending the data to the ZigBee coordinator through a serial port;
the ZigBee wireless communication module is used for transmitting a control command to the sub-controllers by the main controller through the ZigBee network;
on one hand, the sub-controller receives the information of the main controller through a serial port via a ZigBee wireless communication network, on the other hand, the sub-controller outputs a plurality of paths of independent PWM control signals to control a driving power supply of the lighting lamp group according to the received information, and adjusts the color temperature and the luminous flux of the lighting lamp group;
the conventional illumination and emergency illumination lamp set comprises a driving power supply with a PWM dimming function; the lighting lamp group adopts a CC2530 chip carrying a ZigBee 2007Pro protocol stack as a processor;
a power supply module: the system comprises a mains supply and green energy storage electricity, and the mains supply and the green energy storage electricity are switched to supply power to functional modules in the system through a control switch.
2. A lighting system for construction works according to claim 1, wherein: including establishing the energy storage equipment at tunnel entry end and exit end, concrete structure is as follows: the method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a photovoltaic power generation component, an environment sensor, a main controller module and a solar tracking device, wherein the main controller module carries out data processing on environment information collected by temperature, humidity, wind speed and time sensors so as to judge the actual condition of the current environment; the photoelectric sun tracking sensor is used for sensing the intensity of sunlight and intelligently searching light; the photoelectric sensor transmits the sun positioning information at different moments to the main controller module through analog/digital conversion, and then determines the light intensity and light position information, so as to control the direct current motor to drive the lighting module to face the sun all the time.
3. A lighting system for construction engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: the LED lamp group adopts the bidirectional DC/DC module, and the bidirectional DC/DC module realizes energy bidirectional transmission only by changing the current flowing direction of the DC/DC module under the condition of not changing the polarity of the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side of the bidirectional DC/DC module, so that the switching of the current transmission direction is quicker.
4. A lighting system for construction works according to claim 3, wherein: adopt RS-232 serial ports communication module to realize two-way DC/DC module signal transmission, wherein: the RS-232 serial communication interface is a chip CC2530, and the level is converted by utilizing a MAX232CSE chip to establish a bidirectional communication mode between modules.
5. A lighting system for construction works according to claim 1, wherein: the conventional illumination and emergency illumination lamp set can be independently controlled through the sub-controller, the sub-controller collects voltage, current and power factors of the illumination/emergency lamp, ambient light brightness and traffic flow information through the sensor, the information is uploaded to the main controller through the ZigBee wireless communication module, and meanwhile 0-10V dimming signals are output to control the brightness of the illumination/emergency lamp.
6. A lighting system for construction works according to claim 1, wherein: the method also comprises a control strategy adopted for the emergent fire incident in the tunnel, a path weight algorithm is designed according to the dynamic tracking result of the maximum power of emergency lighting, and the optimal path for tunnel evacuation rescue is screened.
7. A control method of a lighting system for construction work, comprising the lighting system of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of independently controlling the conventional lighting lamp group and the emergency lighting lamp group in the tunnel and supplying power for switching control of the commercial power and the green energy storage power.
8. Use of a lighting system for construction engineering according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in road tunnel lighting engineering.
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| CN104684215A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 吉林大学 | Intelligent street lamp control system |
| CN106507536A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of illuminator and method for relying on environmental data fuzzy control street lamp at times |
| CN106707777A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-05-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Intelligent home remote control system based on cloud system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104684215A (en) * | 2015-02-11 | 2015-06-03 | 吉林大学 | Intelligent street lamp control system |
| CN106507536A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of illuminator and method for relying on environmental data fuzzy control street lamp at times |
| CN106707777A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-05-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Intelligent home remote control system based on cloud system |
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