CN114362474B - Non-contact permanent magnet locker suitable for self-locking of rotating part - Google Patents
Non-contact permanent magnet locker suitable for self-locking of rotating part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114362474B CN114362474B CN202210043429.3A CN202210043429A CN114362474B CN 114362474 B CN114362474 B CN 114362474B CN 202210043429 A CN202210043429 A CN 202210043429A CN 114362474 B CN114362474 B CN 114362474B
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Abstract
A non-contact permanent magnet locker suitable for self-locking of a rotating part belongs to the technical field of space equipment. The first scheme comprises the following steps: the permanent magnet steel is fixed between two sections of stator cores, the two sections of stator cores and the permanent magnet steel are sleeved on the rotor core, an air gap is arranged between the two sections of stator cores and the rotor core, a plurality of small teeth are uniformly distributed and processed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core and the inner circumferential surfaces of the two sections of stator cores, the small teeth on the two sections of stator cores are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the number of teeth on the stator cores and the rotor cores is equal or is in integral multiple relation; the difference between the second scheme and the first scheme is that: the permanent magnet steel is fixed between the two sections of rotor cores, the stator core is sleeved on the two sections of rotor cores and the permanent magnet steel, a plurality of small teeth are uniformly distributed and processed on the outer circumferential surfaces of the two sections of rotor cores and the inner circumferential surface of the stator core, and the small teeth on the two sections of rotor cores are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode. The locking device can meet the locking requirement of a rotating part on the aerospace equipment in a non-working state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of space equipment, and particularly relates to a non-contact permanent magnet locker suitable for self-locking of a rotating part.
Background
When some scanning equipment on the spacecraft is in a non-working state, rotating parts of the scanning equipment are required to be locked frequently, and collision between the equipment parts caused by irregular movement of the scanning equipment is avoided. Because the space object can not be accelerated and decelerated rapidly, the locking moment generally only needs about a few tenths of a meter. These scanning devices are generally driven by special motors, the rotor part needs to rotate continuously or reciprocally during normal operation, and the freedom of movement is in the circumferential direction. The current solution is that designers achieve this by additionally designing mechanical or electromagnetic locks on the drive unit. The obvious disadvantages brought by the method include that firstly, power needs to be supplied when the locker is locked or unlocked, and energy consumption is increased; and secondly, the possibility of unreliable locking and failure unlocking exists, so that the working reliability of the equipment is greatly reduced. Therefore, the use of this type of lock is very careful.
In fact, the best solution to this locking problem is to have a special motor with both servo drive torque and locking torque in the circumferential direction, thus perfectly achieving the unity of the two functions. There are two kinds of special motors with the function. The first is an inductor type step motor, which has the advantages of no contact and the disadvantages that the working air gap is extremely small, which is unfavorable for the application of large temperature difference environment, and the positioning moment is too small to reach the magnitude of several meters at zero point. The other is an ultrasonic motor which has the advantages of large driving torque and short service life in contact type work, and the other is a potential hazard to reliable work of other equipment on the satellite because excess materials are possibly generated after abrasion.
Therefore, in view of the prior art and products, no special motor with a self-locking function exists, and the special locking requirement of the aerospace equipment can be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to realize the locking function of a rotor core by designing a special magnetic circuit and generating coupling torque by utilizing the magnetic flux generated by permanent magnet steel and the same or integral multiple relation of the number of teeth of small teeth on a stator core and the rotor core under the condition of no power supply.
The non-contact permanent magnet locking device has the advantages of small volume, light weight, high reliability, energy conservation and the like, and is particularly suitable for meeting the locking requirement of a rotating part on aerospace equipment in a non-working state.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the first scheme is as follows: a non-contact permanent magnet locker suitable for self-locking a rotating part comprises a rotor core, permanent magnet steel and two sections of stator cores; the permanent magnet steel is arranged between the two sections of stator cores and fixedly connected with the two sections of stator cores, the permanent magnet steel and the two sections of stator cores are sleeved on the outer side of the rotor core, the same air gap is arranged between the two sections of stator cores and the rotor core, a plurality of small teeth are uniformly distributed and processed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core and the inner circumferential surface of the two sections of stator cores, the number of the small teeth on the stator cores and the number of the small teeth on the rotor core are equal or are in integral multiple relation, and the small teeth on the two sections of stator cores are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Furthermore, the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet steel is axial, and the rotor core, the two air gaps and the two sections of stator cores form a closed magnetic circuit.
Scheme two is as follows: a non-contact permanent magnet locker suitable for self-locking a rotating part comprises permanent magnet steel, a stator core and two sections of rotor cores; the permanent magnet steel is arranged between the two sections of the rotor cores and fixedly connected with the two sections of the rotor cores, the stator cores are sleeved on the two sections of the rotor cores and the outer sides of the permanent magnet steel, the same air gaps are arranged between the two sections of the rotor cores and the stator cores, a plurality of small teeth are uniformly distributed and processed on the inner circumferential surface of the stator core and the outer circumferential surfaces of the two sections of the rotor cores, the number of the small teeth on the stator core and the number of the small teeth on the rotor core are equal or are in integral multiple relation, and the small teeth on the two sections of the rotor cores are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Furthermore, the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet steel is axial, and the two sections of rotor cores, the stator core and the two air gaps form a closed magnetic circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention designs a non-contact permanent magnet locker suitable for self-locking of a rotating part. When the aerospace device needs to be locked in a non-working state, the permanent magnet steel on the locking device provides magnetic flux, so that the rotating component can be self-locked at a plurality of positions on the circumference. The locking device has the advantages of small installation space, light weight, convenience in installation and the like, does not need to be electrified during locking, works reliably, and can meet the self-locking requirement of moving parts of aerospace equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a first embodiment of a non-contact permanent magnet lock for self-locking a rotating member in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view of section A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a diagram of the variation law of the locking torque, in which: the abscissa θ s represents the angle in the circumferential direction, and the ordinate Tem represents the electromagnetic torque generated by the lock;
FIG. 4 is a front sectional view of a second embodiment of a non-contact permanent magnet lock for self-locking a rotating member according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a sectional view of section B-B of fig. 4.
The names and reference numbers of the components referred to in the above figures are as follows:
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment discloses a non-contact permanent magnet lock suitable for self-locking of a rotating component, which is composed of a rotor core 1, permanent magnet steel 2 and two sections of stator cores 3; the permanent magnet steel 2 is arranged between the two sections of the stator iron cores 3 and fixedly connected with the two sections of the stator iron cores 3, the permanent magnet steel 2 and the two sections of the stator iron cores 3 are sleeved on the outer side of the rotor iron core 1, the same air gaps are arranged between the two sections of the stator iron cores 3 and the rotor iron core 1, a plurality of small teeth 4 are uniformly distributed and processed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor iron core 1 and the inner circumferential surface of the two sections of the stator iron cores 3, the number of the small teeth 4 on the stator iron cores 3 and the number of the small teeth 4 on the rotor iron core 1 are equal or are in integral multiple relation, and the small teeth 4 on the two sections of the stator iron cores 3 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
The second embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, a first embodiment is further described, a magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet steel 2 is an axial direction, and a closed magnetic circuit is formed by the rotor core 1, two air gaps, and two stator cores 3.
The third concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the number of teeth of the small teeth 4 on the stator core 3 is the same as the number of teeth of the small teeth 4 on the rotor core 1, and is 120 or more; the more teeth the better the locking effect.
The fourth concrete implementation mode is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, a first embodiment is further described, and the air gap between the two segments of the stator core 3 and the rotor core 1 is 0.3mm.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the present embodiment discloses a non-contact permanent magnetic lock suitable for self-locking of a rotating component, which is composed of a permanent magnetic steel 2, a stator core 3 and two sections of rotor cores 1; the permanent magnet steel 2 is arranged between the two sections of the rotor cores 1 and fixedly connected with the two sections of the rotor cores 1, the stator core 3 is sleeved outside the two sections of the rotor cores 1 and the permanent magnet steel 2, the same air gap is arranged between the two sections of the rotor cores 1 and the stator core 3, a plurality of small teeth 4 are uniformly distributed and processed on the inner circumferential surface of the stator core 3 and the outer circumferential surfaces of the two sections of the rotor cores 1, the number of the small teeth 4 on the stator core 3 and the number of the small teeth 4 on the rotor core 1 are equal or are in integral multiple relation, and the small teeth 4 on the two sections of the rotor cores 1 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
The sixth specific implementation mode is as follows: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, a fifth embodiment is further described, a magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet steel 2 is an axial direction, and the two sections of the rotor core 1, the stator core 3, and the two air gaps form a closed magnetic circuit.
The seventh embodiment: as shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, a fifth embodiment is further described, in which the number of teeth of the small teeth 4 on the stator core 3 is the same as the number of teeth of the small teeth 4 on the rotor core 1, and is 120 or more; the more teeth the better the locking effect.
The specific implementation mode is eight: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, a fifth embodiment is further described, and the air gap between the stator core 3 and the two-stage rotor core 1 is 0.3mm.
1. The key technology of the first scheme of the non-contact permanent magnet locker is as follows:
1. one of the key technologies of the first scheme is that the stator iron core 3 is of a two-section split structure, the permanent magnetic steel 2 is installed in the middle, and the rotor iron core 1 is of an integral structure.
2. The second key technology of the first scheme is that only small teeth 4 and no large teeth are arranged on the stator iron core 3 and the rotor iron core 1, and no electrified coil is needed.
3. The third key technology of the first scheme is that the number of teeth of the small teeth 4 on the stator core 3 and the rotor core 1 must be completely equal or in integral multiple relation.
4. Fourth, the key technology of the first solution is that a plurality of small teeth 4 on two segments of stator cores 3 must be completely aligned (one-to-one correspondence).
2. The key technology of the second scheme of the non-contact permanent magnet locker is as follows:
1. one of the key technologies of the second scheme is that the rotor iron core 1 is of a two-section split structure, the middle of the rotor iron core is provided with permanent magnet steel 2, and the stator iron core 3 is of an integral structure.
2. The second key technology of the second scheme is that only small teeth 4 and no large teeth are arranged on the stator iron core 3 and the rotor iron core 1, and no electrified coil is needed.
3. The third key technology of the second scheme is that the number of teeth of the small teeth 4 on the stator core 3 and the rotor core 1 must be completely equal or in integral multiple relation.
4. The fourth key technology of the second scheme is that a plurality of small teeth 4 on the two sections of rotor cores 1 are required to be completely aligned (in one-to-one correspondence).
Taking the first scheme as an example, the basic principle of the contactless permanent magnet lock of the present invention is specifically described as follows:
(1) As shown in fig. 1, the contactless permanent magnet lock of the present invention is composed of two sections of stator cores 3, permanent magnet magnetic steels 2, and a rotor core 1. The magnetic field direction of the permanent magnetic steel 2 is axial, and a closed magnetic circuit is formed by the two sections of the stator iron cores 3, the rotor iron core 1 and the two air gaps.
(2) As shown in fig. 2, in the non-contact permanent magnetic lock of the present invention, a plurality of small teeth 4 are uniformly formed on the inner circumferential surface of the stator core 3 and the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core 1, and the number of the small teeth 4 of the stator core and the rotor core must be completely equal, for example, 200; or exactly an integral multiple, for example, the number of teeth of the small teeth 4 on the stator core 3 is 200, and the number of teeth of the small teeth 4 on the rotor core 1 is 100.
(3) In order to ensure that the maximum locking torque is generated, the small teeth 4 on the two segments of the stator core 3 must be completely aligned (i.e. one to one), and only then, the directions of the reluctance torques generated by the small teeth 4 on the stator core 3 and the rotor core 1 are the same, so that the maximum locking torque can be generated with the minimum volume.
(4) On the premise that the structures guarantee, the most stable position is the position where the small teeth 4 on the stator core 3 and the rotor core 1 are aligned due to the minimized characteristic of air gap reluctance. When the rotor core 1 generates a certain disturbance, the electromagnetic torque will return the rotor core 1 to a stable equilibrium position. The change rule of the generated locking torque is shown in fig. 3, the peak value of each waveform torque is the same, and the magnitude depends on specific structural parameters; the frequency of the moment is the number of times of the lock position, and is equal to the greatest common divisor of the number of teeth of the stator core 3 and the number of teeth of the rotor core 1.
In order to obtain a smoother locking effect, on the premise that the peak value of the locking torque is not changed, it is obvious that the resolution is better when the number of locking positions is larger, so that the optimal design scheme is that the number of teeth 4 of the stator core 3 is the same as that of the teeth 4 of the rotor core 1, and generally more than 120 teeth are selected. The maximum number of teeth depends on the mechanical dimensions of the rotor core 1 and the stator core 3 and the small teeth 4 cannot be too narrow to meet the strength requirements of the small teeth 4.
Example 1:
the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, and discloses a non-contact permanent magnetic lock suitable for self-locking of a rotating component, in which an outer diameter of a stator core 3 is 100mm, an inner diameter of a rotor core 1 is 60mm, a total axial length of the lock is 8mm, a thickness of a permanent magnetic steel 2 is 2mm, an air gap between the stator core 3 and the rotor core 1 is 0.3mm, and the number of teeth of small teeth 4 of the stator core 3 and the rotor core 1 is 180. Finally, the peak value of the locking moment is 0.16Nm and the alternating times are 180 times through finite element calculation, and the expected design effect is achieved.
It should be noted that:
(1) In principle, the rotor core 1 is segmented and added with the permanent magnet steel 2, while the stator core 3 is of an integral structure (i.e. the second scheme is shown in fig. 4), or the stator core 3 and the rotor core 1 are both segmented and added with the permanent magnet steel 2, and the basic principle is the same as the first and second schemes.
(2) The lock only provides locking torque for the rotating part, and the servo driving torque of the rotor core 1 is provided by other special motors.
(3) Although the shape of the lock is similar to that of a permanent magnet inductor type stepping motor or a switched reluctance motor, three essential differences exist in principle: (a) the present lock does not require energization of the solenoid; (b) The number of teeth of the stator iron core 3 and the rotor iron core 1 of the lock is completely equal or exactly in integral multiple relation; (c) Under the premise of only one section of the rotor core 1, a plurality of small teeth 4 on two sections of the stator cores 3 of the lock are required to be completely aligned. The permanent magnet inductor type stepping motor or the switched reluctance motor cannot generate tangential electromagnetic torque as long as any one of the three points is met, so that the motor cannot normally work.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the equivalents and modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a contactless permanent magnetism locking device suitable for rotary part is from locking which characterized in that: the permanent magnet motor consists of a rotor iron core (1), permanent magnet steel (2) and two sections of stator iron cores (3); the permanent magnet steel (2) is arranged between the two sections of the stator cores (3) and fixedly connected with the two sections of the stator cores, the permanent magnet steel (2) and the two sections of the stator cores (3) are sleeved on the outer side of the rotor core (1), the same air gap is arranged between the two sections of the stator cores (3) and the rotor core (1), a plurality of small teeth (4) are uniformly distributed and processed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core (1) and the inner circumferential surfaces of the two sections of the stator cores (3), the number of the small teeth (4) on the stator cores (3) and the number of the small teeth (4) on the rotor core (1) are equal or are in integral multiple relation, and the small teeth (4) on the two sections of the stator cores (3) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
2. The non-contact permanent magnet lock for self-locking of a rotating member as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnetic steel (2) is axial, and a closed magnetic circuit is formed by the rotor core (1), the two air gaps and the two sections of stator cores (3).
3. The utility model provides a contactless permanent magnetism locking device suitable for rotary part is from locking which characterized in that: the permanent magnet motor consists of permanent magnet steel (2), a stator iron core (3) and two sections of rotor iron cores (1); the permanent magnet steel (2) is arranged between the two sections of the rotor cores (1) and fixedly connected with the two sections of the rotor cores, the stator core (3) is sleeved on the outer sides of the two sections of the rotor cores (1) and the permanent magnet steel (2), the same air gap is arranged between the two sections of the rotor cores (1) and the stator core (3), a plurality of small teeth (4) are uniformly distributed and processed on the inner circumferential surface of the stator core (3) and the outer circumferential surface of the two sections of the rotor cores (1), the number of the small teeth (4) on the stator core (3) and the rotor cores (1) is equal or is in integral multiple relation, and the plurality of small teeth (4) on the two sections of the rotor cores (1) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
4. A contactless permanent magnet lock adapted for self-locking of a rotating member according to claim 3, wherein: the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet steel (2) is axial, and a closed magnetic circuit is formed by the two sections of the rotor iron cores (1), the stator iron core (3) and the two air gaps.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210043429.3A CN114362474B (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-01-14 | Non-contact permanent magnet locker suitable for self-locking of rotating part |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210043429.3A CN114362474B (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2022-01-14 | Non-contact permanent magnet locker suitable for self-locking of rotating part |
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| CN114362474A CN114362474A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
| CN114362474B true CN114362474B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02184260A (en) * | 1989-01-09 | 1990-07-18 | Nippon Electric Ind Co Ltd | Manufacture of contactless brake for motor |
| CN101009456A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2007-08-01 | 南京农业大学 | Braking moment stepless regulation permanent-magnet buffer |
| EP3499694A1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-19 | ArianeGroup GmbH | Permanent magnetic brake and method for producing a locking or securing torque with a permament magnetic brake |
| CN110277888A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of band suitable for space equipment locks the low speed torque motor of torque certainly |
| CN111670535A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2020-09-15 | 蒂森克虏伯普利斯坦股份公司 | Steering system with reluctance brake |
-
2022
- 2022-01-14 CN CN202210043429.3A patent/CN114362474B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02184260A (en) * | 1989-01-09 | 1990-07-18 | Nippon Electric Ind Co Ltd | Manufacture of contactless brake for motor |
| CN101009456A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2007-08-01 | 南京农业大学 | Braking moment stepless regulation permanent-magnet buffer |
| EP3499694A1 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-19 | ArianeGroup GmbH | Permanent magnetic brake and method for producing a locking or securing torque with a permament magnetic brake |
| CN111670535A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2020-09-15 | 蒂森克虏伯普利斯坦股份公司 | Steering system with reluctance brake |
| CN110277888A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of band suitable for space equipment locks the low speed torque motor of torque certainly |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 航天用无接触式锁定机构的解析分析与结构对比;李勇飞等;《电工技术学报》;20190725;全文 * |
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