CN114359366A - Machine vision measuring method and application thereof in bearing workpiece measurement - Google Patents
Machine vision measuring method and application thereof in bearing workpiece measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN114359366A CN114359366A CN202210013217.0A CN202210013217A CN114359366A CN 114359366 A CN114359366 A CN 114359366A CN 202210013217 A CN202210013217 A CN 202210013217A CN 114359366 A CN114359366 A CN 114359366A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of machine vision measurement, and discloses a machine vision measurement method, which comprises the following steps: extracting edge information of the workpiece image to be detected to obtain an edge point set S of the image0(ii) a Determining the standard size of the workpiece to be measured and the range of the size value of the workpiece to be measured; establishing a set S for evaluating the edge points0Edge data s in0iMembership function R of degree with the range of magnitude of the size of the workpiece to be measured0Taking R0(s0i) Edge data s of 0 or more0iSet of dimension points T forming workpiece to be measured0(ii) a For the size point set T of the workpiece to be measured0Fitting to obtain the pixel of the workpiece to be measuredThe method has higher detection precision due to unit size parameters, and can be applied to the size measurement of bearing workpieces required by mass production line production and detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine vision measurement, in particular to a machine vision measurement method and application thereof in bearing workpiece measurement.
Background
The bearing is a vital part in the mechanical industry, the bearing is used as a standard component, the requirement on the accuracy of the size is high, and the bearings produced by processing need to be detected. When manual detection is adopted, not only is time-consuming, but also the situation that the surface of the bearing is damaged by a measuring tool may occur. The machine vision detection technology has the outstanding advantages of non-contact, high speed, proper precision, strong on-site anti-interference capability and the like, and can well meet the requirement of bearing detection; the machine vision inspection is a process of determining whether the quality of a product is qualified or not by judging the degree of deviation of one or more characteristics of the product from a standard requirement through a machine vision-based method in the field of industrial inspection.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a machine vision measuring method which can be applied to the measurement of the size of a bearing workpiece required by mass production line production and detection.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a machine vision measurement method, comprising the steps of:
firstly, preprocessing an acquired workpiece image to be detected by adopting a two-dimensional median filtering method, and then extracting edge information of the image to obtain an edge point set S of the image0＝{s01，...，s0i，...，s0n}；
Step two, determining the standard size D of the workpiece to be measured0Let Δ D0For the allowable deviation value of the dimension, the range of the magnitude of the dimension of the workpiece to be measured is obtained as (D)0-ΔD0，D0+ΔD0)；
Step three, establishing the edge point set S for evaluating0Edge data s in0iMembership function R of degree with the range of magnitude of the size of the workpiece to be measured0；
When s is0i≤D0At 2 time, R0(s0i)＝[s0i-(D0-ΔD0)]/ΔD0；
When s is0i＞D0At 2 time, R0(s0i)＝[(D0+ΔD0)-s0i]/ΔD0；
Get R0(s0i) Edge data s of 0 or more0iSet of dimension points T forming workpiece to be measured0；
Step four, utilizing a least square method to carry out a set T on the size points of the workpiece to be measured0And fitting to obtain the size parameter of the workpiece to be measured by taking the pixel as a unit, and further obtaining the size of the workpiece to be measured.
Preferably, the machine vision measuring method can be applied to bearing workpiece measurement.
Preferably, the machine vision measuring method applied to the measurement of the bearing workpiece comprises the following steps: determining the standard inner diameter dimension of the shaft 6 workpiece as D1And a standard outer diameter of D2And in the presence of D2＞D1Let Δ D1To allowable deviation value of inner diameter dimension, Δ D2For the allowable deviation value of the outer diameter dimension, the allowable value range of the inner diameter dimension of the bearing workpiece can be obtained as (D)1-ΔD1，D1+ΔD1) The allowable value range of the outer diameter dimension of the bearing workpiece is (D)2-ΔD2，D2+ΔD2)。
Preferably, the machine vision measuring method applied to the measurement of the bearing workpiece comprises the following steps: establishing a set S for evaluating the edge pointsgEdge data s ingiMembership level function R belonging to the level with the magnitude range of the standard inner diameter size of the bearing workpiece1(ii) a Establishing a set S of points for evaluationgEdge data s ingiMembership degree function R belonging to degree with magnitude range of standard outer diameter size of bearing workpiece2；
When s isgi≤D1At 2 time, R1(sgi)＝[sgi-(D1-ΔD1)]/ΔD1；
When s isgi＞D12 and sgi<(D2-ΔD2) At 2 time, R1(sgi)＝[(D1+ΔD1)-sgi]/ΔD1；
Get R1(sgi) Edge data s of 0 or moregiInner diameter size point set T for forming bearing workpiece1；
When (D)1+ΔD1)/2≤sgi≤D2At 2 time, R2(sgi)＝[sgi-(D2-ΔD2)]/ΔD2；
When s isgi＞D2At 2 time, R2(sgi)＝[(D2+ΔD2)-sgi]/ΔD2；
Get R2(sgi) Edge data s of 0 or moregiOuter diameter size point set T for forming bearing workpiece2。
(III) advantageous technical effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention is used for evaluating the edge point set S by constructing0Edge data s in0iMembership function R of degree with the range of magnitude of the size of the workpiece to be measured0Taking R0(s0i) Edge data s of 0 or more0iSet of dimension points T forming workpiece to be measured0For the set of size points T of the workpiece to be measured0Fitting to obtain the size parameter of the workpiece to be measured by taking the pixel as a unit, and further realizing the measurement of the size of the workpiece to be measured;
compared with a manual measurement method, the measurement result of the machine measurement method for the bearing workpiece has the advantages that the standard deviation value of the measurement result is smaller than that of the manual measurement method for measuring the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the bearing workpiece, and the standard deviation of the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the bearing workpiece detected by the machine measurement method is lower than 0.1mm, so that the machine measurement method has higher detection precision and can be applied to the measurement of the size of the bearing workpiece required by mass production line production and detection.
Detailed Description
A machine vision measurement method, comprising the steps of:
firstly, preprocessing an acquired workpiece image to be detected by adopting a two-dimensional median filtering method, and then extracting edge information of the image to obtain an edge point set S of the image0＝{s01，...，s0i，...,s0n}；
For a pixel (x, y) in the digital image f (x, y), taking the median of the gray values of the pixel and all the pixels adjacent to the pixel as the gray value g (x, y) of the processed pixel;
wherein, g (x, y) ═ med { f (x-k, y-l), k, I ∈ W }, wherein W is a two-dimensional template;
step two, determining the standard size D of the workpiece to be measured0Let Δ D0For the allowable deviation value of the dimension, the range of the magnitude of the dimension of the workpiece to be measured is obtained as (D)0-ΔD0，D0+ΔD0)；
Step three, establishing the edge point set S for evaluating0Edge data s in0iMembership function R of degree with the range of magnitude of the size of the workpiece to be measured0；
When s is0i≤D0At 2 time, R0(s0i)＝[s0i-(D0-ΔD0)]/ΔD0；
When s is0i＞D0At 2 time, R0(s0i)＝[(D0+ΔD0)-s0i]/ΔD0；
Get R0(s0i) Edge data s of 0 or more0iSet of dimension points T forming workpiece to be measured0；
Step four, utilizing a least square method to carry out a set T on the size points of the workpiece to be measured0Fitting to obtain a dimension parameter of the workpiece to be measured by taking a pixel as a unit so as to obtain the dimension of the workpiece to be measured;
a machine vision measuring method applied to bearing workpiece measurement comprises the following steps:
step one, firstly adopting two-dimensionPreprocessing the collected bearing workpiece image by a value filtering method, and then extracting the edge information of the image to obtain an edge point set S of the bearing workpieceg＝{sg1，...，sgi，...，sgn}；
Step two, determining the standard inner diameter dimension of the bearing workpiece as D1And a standard outer diameter of D2And in the presence of D2＞D1Let Δ D1To allowable deviation value of inner diameter dimension, Δ D2For the allowable deviation value of the outer diameter dimension, the allowable value range of the inner diameter dimension of the bearing workpiece can be obtained as (D)1-ΔD1，D1+ΔD1) The allowable value range of the outer diameter dimension of the bearing workpiece is (D)2-ΔD2，D2+ΔD2)；
Step three, establishing the edge point set S for evaluatinggEdge data s ingiMembership level function R belonging to the level with the magnitude range of the standard inner diameter size of the bearing workpiece1(ii) a Establishing a set S of points for evaluationgEdge data s ingiMembership degree function R belonging to degree with magnitude range of standard outer diameter size of bearing workpiece2；
When s isgi≤D1At 2 time, R1(sgi)＝[sgi-(D1-ΔD1)]/ΔD1；
When s isgi＞D12 and sgi<(D2-ΔD2) At 2 time, R1(sgi)＝[(D1+ΔD1)-sgi]/ΔD1；
Get R1(sgi) Edge data s of 0 or moregiInner diameter size point set T for forming bearing workpiece1；
When (D)1+ΔD1)/2≤sgi≤D2At 2 time, R2(sgi)＝[sgi-(D2-ΔD2)]/ΔD2；
When s isgi＞D2At 2 time, R2(sgi)＝[(D2+ΔD2)-sgi]/ΔD2；
Get R2(sgi) Edge data s of 0 or moregiOuter diameter size point set T for forming bearing workpiece2；
Step four, utilizing a least square method to collect T for the inner diameter size point of the bearing workpiece1Fitting to obtain inner diameter circle parameters of the bearing workpiece by taking pixels as units, and further obtaining the inner diameter size of the bearing workpiece; utilizing least square method to set T for outer diameter size point of bearing workpiece2Fitting to obtain the outer diameter circle parameter of the bearing workpiece by taking the pixel as a unit so as to obtain the outer diameter size of the bearing workpiece;
in order to verify the feasibility of the machine vision measuring method applied to the bearing workpiece measurement, a simulation experiment based on machine vision measurement is carried out on a software platform on a collected standard bearing workpiece image with the outer diameter of 32mm and the inner diameter of 22.76mm, the size of the bearing workpiece in pixel is determined, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the bearing workpiece are further obtained, meanwhile, the machine measuring method is compared with a manual detection method, the manual measuring method is that manual measurement is carried out by using a vernier caliper, and the precision of a vernier is 0.02 mm;
the bearing workpiece is measured by using the two detection methods, five groups of experimental data are intercepted, and the experimental results are shown in the following tables 1-4;
TABLE 1 measurement of the inner diameter of a bearing workpiece according to the machine measurement method of the present invention (unit: mm)
TABLE 2 measurement of the outer diameter of a bearing workpiece according to the machine measuring method of the present invention (Unit: m m)
TABLE 3 measurement of the inner diameter of bearing workpiece by manual measurement method (unit: mm)
TABLE 4 measurement of the outer diameter of the bearing workpiece by the manual measurement method (unit: mm)
Claims (4)
1. A machine vision measuring method, comprising the steps of:
firstly, preprocessing an acquired workpiece image to be detected by adopting a two-dimensional median filtering method, and then extracting edge information of the image to obtain an edge point set S of the image0＝{s01，...，s0i，...，s0n}；
Step two, determining the standard size D of the workpiece to be measured0Let Δ D0For the allowable deviation value of the dimension, the range of the magnitude of the dimension of the workpiece to be measured is obtained as (D)0-ΔD0，D0+ΔD0)；
Step three, establishing the edge point set S for evaluating0Edge data s in0iMembership function R of degree with the range of magnitude of the size of the workpiece to be measured0；
When s is0i≤D0At 2 time, R0(s0i)＝[s0i-(D0-ΔD0)]/ΔD0；
When s is0i＞D0At 2 time, R0(s0i)＝[(D0+ΔD0)-s0i]/ΔD0；
Get R0(s0i) Edge data s of 0 or more0iSet of dimension points T forming workpiece to be measured0；
Step four, utilizing a least square method to carry out a set T on the size points of the workpiece to be measured0And fitting to obtain the size parameter of the workpiece to be measured by taking the pixel as a unit, and further obtaining the size of the workpiece to be measured.
2. The machine vision measuring method of claim 1, wherein the machine vision measuring method is applied to bearing workpiece measurement.
3. The machine vision measuring method of claim 2, wherein the machine vision measuring method applied to the measurement of the bearing workpiece comprises the following steps: determining the standard inner diameter dimension of the bearing workpiece as D1And a standard outer diameter of D2Let Δ D1To allowable deviation value of inner diameter dimension, Δ D2The allowable range of the inner diameter dimension of the bearing workpiece for the allowable deviation value of the outer diameter dimension is (D)1-ΔD1，D1+ΔD1) The allowable value range of the outer diameter dimension of the bearing workpiece is (D)2-ΔD2，D2+ΔD2)。
4. The machine vision measuring method of claim 2, wherein the machine vision measuring method applied to the measurement of the bearing workpiece comprises the following steps: establishing a set S for evaluating the edge pointsgEdge data s ingiMembership level function R belonging to the level with the magnitude range of the standard inner diameter size of the bearing workpiece1(ii) a Establishing a set S of points for evaluationgEdge data s ingiMembership degree function R belonging to degree with magnitude range of standard outer diameter size of bearing workpiece2；
When s isgi≤D1At 2 time, R1(sgi)＝[sgi-(D1-ΔD1)]/ΔD1；
When s isgi＞D12 and sgi<(D2-ΔD2) At 2 time, R1(sgi)＝[(D1+ΔD1)-sgi]/ΔD1；
Get R1(sgi) Edge data s of 0 or moregiInner diameter size point set T for forming bearing workpiece1；
When (D)1+ΔD1)/2≤sgi≤D2At 2 time, R2(sgi)＝[sgi-(D2-ΔD2)]/ΔD2；
When s isgi＞D2At 2 time, R2(sgi)＝[(D2+ΔD2)-sgi]/ΔD2；
Get R2(sgi) Edge data s of 0 or moregiOuter diameter size point set T for forming bearing workpiece2。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117788554A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-03-29 | 东莞市兆丰精密仪器有限公司 | Pipeline parameter measurement method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117788554A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-03-29 | 东莞市兆丰精密仪器有限公司 | Pipeline parameter measurement method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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