CN114355542B - High-precision three-view-field switching device based on elastic pre-tightening - Google Patents
High-precision three-view-field switching device based on elastic pre-tightening Download PDFInfo
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- CN114355542B CN114355542B CN202111443494.7A CN202111443494A CN114355542B CN 114355542 B CN114355542 B CN 114355542B CN 202111443494 A CN202111443494 A CN 202111443494A CN 114355542 B CN114355542 B CN 114355542B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of optical instruments, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, a motor self-locking mode is adopted, so that gaps and return differences of a transmission screw rod cannot be eliminated, and provides a high-precision three-view-field switching device based on elastic pre-tightening, which comprises a lens barrel, a fixed lens assembly, a movable lens assembly, a transmission mechanism and a pre-tightening mechanism; the transmission mechanism is used for driving the movable lens component to move and providing an accurate movement position for the movable lens component, and the pre-tightening mechanism is arranged between the movable lens components and used for pre-tightening the movable lens component, and the pre-tightening force is adjustable; the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention adopts the mode of elastic pre-tightening and adjustable pre-tightening force, can better eliminate the clearance and return difference of screw rod transmission and improves the imaging quality; the device has compact structure, small volume and light weight, and is convenient for the integration of the design of the post-stage common-path common-detector; the device has high precision, smooth field switching and good imaging quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical instruments, in particular to a high-precision three-view-field switching device based on elastic pre-tightening.
Background
The beam control and tracking equipment (ATP for short) can complete all-weather capturing, tracking and aiming of the target and high-energy laser beam emission focusing control, focus the high-energy laser beam on a far-field target, and realize target hit and destruction. The tracking and aiming subsystem for capturing, tracking and aiming the target adopts a common-light-path common-detector (medium wave refrigeration infrared detector) design, and the three-view-field switching device is an important component of the tracking and aiming subsystem. Because of adopting the design of the common-light-path common detector, the three-view-field switching device has the requirements of miniaturization, light weight, high precision, convenient optical adjustment and the like.
After the tracking target is captured by the tracking subsystem, the three-view-field switching device rapidly switches the view fields according to different distances of the target, so that the target is prevented from being lost.
The visual field switching device comprises a movable lens and a fixed lens, wherein the movable lens is required to move to a designated position according to the position change of a target to complete the zoom function, and meanwhile, the lens is required to move at different positions according to different temperatures and other conditions to complete the focusing function.
In the prior art, a motor self-locking mode is adopted, so that the problems that the clearance and return difference of a transmission screw rod cannot be eliminated, the image is blurred, and the imaging quality is affected are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-precision three-view-field switching device based on elastic pre-tightening, which solves the problems that in the prior art, a motor self-locking mode is adopted, the clearance and return difference of a transmission screw rod cannot be eliminated, image blurring is caused, and imaging quality is affected.
Embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:
a high-precision three-view-field switching device based on elastic pre-tightening comprises a lens barrel, a fixed lens assembly, a movable lens assembly, a transmission mechanism and a pre-tightening mechanism;
the transmission mechanism is used for driving the movable lens component to move and providing an accurate movement position for the movable lens component, and the pre-tightening mechanism is arranged between the movable lens components and used for pre-tightening the movable lens component, and the pre-tightening force is adjustable.
According to the invention, the movable lens component is pre-tightened, the pre-tightening force is adjustable, so that the movable lens component is always acted, and the movable lenses are supported, thereby eliminating the gap and return difference of screw rod transmission and improving the imaging quality.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the movable lens component comprises a third lens, a fourth lens and a fifth lens, each lens is provided with a lens frame and a lens pressing ring, the lenses are fixed in the lens frame through the lens pressing rings, and the lens frame is fixed in the lens barrel through the lens frame pressing rings;
the third lens and the fifth lens are of an integrated structure, the third lens is a third fifth lens, and the fourth lens is a fourth lens;
one end of the pre-tightening mechanism is connected with the third fifth mirror frame, the other end of the pre-tightening mechanism is connected with the fourth mirror frame, and the pre-tightening mechanism elastically pre-tightens the space between the third fifth mirror frame and the fourth mirror frame.
The elastic pre-tightening is not in a rigid fixing mode, the elastic pre-tightening mode is adopted between the third five glasses frame and the fourth glasses frame, the elastic pre-tightening mode is acted by elastic force, the positions of the third glasses frame and the fourth glasses frame can be correspondingly adjusted, and gaps and return differences of screw rod transmission are eliminated conveniently.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the pre-tightening mechanism comprises a spring guide rod, a pre-tightening spring and a pre-tightening nut, wherein the spring guide rod is fastened on the third five glasses frame, the pre-tightening spring is sleeved outside the spring guide rod, one end of the pre-tightening spring is fixed on the third five glasses frame, one end of the pre-tightening nut is in threaded connection with the fourth glasses frame, the other end of the pre-tightening nut is in contact with the pre-tightening spring on the spring guide rod, the pre-tightening spring is in a compressed state, and the pre-tightening force of compression of the pre-tightening spring can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the pre-tightening nut.
Because the pre-tightening spring is in a compressed state, the spring has the elastic force on the third and the fourth glasses frames at two ends of the pre-tightening spring, the pre-tightening force of the compression of the pre-tightening spring can be adjusted through the pre-tightening nut, and the compression degree of the spring can be changed through the pre-tightening nut, so that the elastic force of the spring is changed.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the fixed lens component comprises a first lens, a second lens, a sixth lens, a seventh lens, lens frames, lens pressing rings and lens frame pressing rings, wherein the lenses are fixed in the lens frames through the lens pressing rings, and the lens frames are fixed in the lens barrel through the lens frame pressing rings.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the first lens and the second lens are a group and are arranged at one end of the lens cone; the sixth lens and the seventh lens are a group and are arranged at the other end of the lens cone.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the transmission mechanism is divided into an upper group and a lower group, and is respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the lens cone and used for respectively driving the third fifth lens frame and the fourth lens frame to move.
The third lens, the fourth lens and the fifth lens are driven by the transmission mechanism to change the positions of the third lens, the fourth lens and the fifth lens, so that the zoom and focusing functions of the three-view-field switching device are realized.
The third lens and the fifth lens adopt an integrated design, so that a group of transmission mechanisms are reduced, the cost is saved, and the control difficulty is reduced.
The transmission mechanism is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the lens cone, the arrangement is reasonable, and the optical system is convenient to mount and adjust.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the transmission mechanism comprises a guide rail, a front support frame, a bearing pressing ring, a deep groove ball bearing, a screw rod, a transmission switching frame, a rear support frame, an angular contact bearing, a bearing pressing piece, a motor, a potentiometer gear, a screw rod gear, a motor gear and a fastener.
As a preferable technical scheme:
each group of transmission mechanism comprises two guide rails, the screw rod is positioned between the two guide rails, two ends of the screw rod are respectively connected to the front support frame and the rear support frame, the motor drives the screw rod gear to rotate through the motor gear, so that the screw rod is driven to rotate, the screw rod converts the rotation motion of the motor into linear motion, the transmission transfer frame drives the movable lens component to move, the screw rod gear is meshed with the potentiometer gear, and the position of the movable lens component is recorded through the potentiometer.
As a preferable technical scheme:
each group of transmission mechanism comprises two angular contact bearings and a deep groove ball bearing, and the two angular contact bearings fasten the screw rod on the rear support frame by bearing pressing sheets and bearing pressing rings;
the deep groove ball bearing is arranged between the screw rod and the front supporting frame, the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing is fixed only by the bearing pressing ring, and the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing can float along the axial direction.
When the temperature changes, the clamping caused by the difference of linear expansion coefficients of the screw rod and other structural parts is prevented.
As a preferable technical scheme:
the front support frame and the rear support frame are fixed on the same plane of the lens cone.
The installation accuracy can be effectively improved.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention applies elastic pre-tightening and designs a mode of adjustable pre-tightening force, which can better eliminate the clearance and return difference of screw rod transmission and improve imaging quality.
2. The third lens and the fifth lens adopt an integrated design, so that a group of transmission mechanisms are reduced, the cost is saved, and the control difficulty is reduced.
3. The transmission mechanism is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the lens cone, so that the optical system is convenient to mount and adjust.
4. The device has compact structure, small volume and light weight, and is convenient for the integration of the design of the post-stage common-path common-detector.
5. The device has high precision, smooth field switching and good imaging quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a three-field switching device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of each lens in the three-field switching device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a transmission mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the pretensioning mechanism according to the present invention.
Icon: 100-lens cone, 200-fixed lens component, 300-movable lens component, 400-transmission mechanism, 500-pretensioning mechanism, 201-first lens, 202-second lens, 301-third lens, 302-fourth lens, 303-fifth lens, 203-sixth lens, 204-seventh lens, 304-third fifth lens, 305-fourth lens, 401-guide rail, 402-front support frame, 403-bearing clamping ring, 404-deep groove ball bearing, 405-lead screw, 406-transmission switching frame, 407-rear support frame, 408-angular contact bearing, 409-bearing pressing piece, 410-motor, 411-potentiometer, 412-potentiometer gear, 413-lead screw gear, 414-motor gear, 501-spring guide rod, 502-pretensioning spring, 503-pretensioning nut.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a high-precision three-view-field switching device based on elastic pre-tightening, which includes a lens barrel 100, a fixed lens assembly 200, a movable lens assembly 300, a transmission mechanism 400 and a pre-tightening mechanism 500.
Wherein: the lens barrel 100 is designed in an integrated manner, has good rigidity and precision, and provides accurate mounting support for other components.
The transmission mechanism 400 is used to drive the movable lens assembly 300 to move, providing a precise movement position for the movable lens assembly.
The fixed lens assembly 200 comprises a first lens 201, a second lens 202, a sixth lens 203, a seventh lens 204, lens frames, lens pressing rings and lens frame pressing rings, wherein each lens is provided with a lens frame and a lens pressing ring, the lens is fixed in the lens frame through the lens pressing rings, the lens frame is fixed in the lens barrel 100 through the lens frame pressing rings, and a centering car matching process is adopted when the lens is conveniently assembled, so that the assembly precision is improved.
The first lens 201 and the second lens 202 are a group, and are disposed at one end of the lens barrel 100; the sixth lens 203 and the seventh lens 204 are a set, and are disposed at the other end of the lens barrel 100.
The movable lens component 300 is disposed between the two fixed lens components 200, and the movable lens component 300 includes a third lens 301, a fourth lens 302 and a fifth lens 303, each lens is also designed with a lens frame and a lens pressing ring, the lens is fixed in the lens frame through the lens pressing ring, and the lens frame is fixed in the lens barrel 100 through the lens frame pressing ring.
A third fifth lens frame 304 having an integrated structure of the third lens 301 and the fifth lens 303, and a fourth lens frame 305 having a fourth lens frame 302;
the transmission mechanism 400 is divided into an upper group and a lower group, and is respectively mounted on the upper side and the lower side of the lens barrel 100, and is used for respectively driving the third fifth lens frame 304 and the fourth lens frame 305 to move, so as to respectively provide accurate movement positions for the third fifth movable lens group and the fourth movable lens group. Because the third lens 301 and the fifth lens 303 adopt the integrated lens frame, a set of transmission mechanism 400 is reduced, the control difficulty of the moving lens is reduced, the mounting precision of the two lenses is improved, and the assembly process of each lens is the same as that of the fixed lens. The structure has reasonable layout, small volume and high rigidity, and is convenient for the installation and adjustment of the optical system.
Referring to fig. 3, each set of actuators 400 includes two rails 401 for providing positional accuracy and support for the movable lens assembly 300. The screw rod 405 is located between the two guide rails 401, the screw rod 405 is supported by bearings, and two ends of the screw rod 405 are respectively connected to the front support frame 402 and the rear support frame 407.
Specifically, each group of transmission mechanism 400 comprises two angular contact bearings 408 and a deep groove ball bearing 404, and the two angular contact bearings 408 fasten the screw rod 405 on the rear supporting frame 407 by bearing pressing sheets 409 and bearing pressing rings 403; a deep groove ball bearing 404 is disposed between the screw rod 405 and the front support frame 402, the deep groove ball bearing 404 is fixed on the inner ring thereof only by the bearing pressing ring 403, the outer ring thereof can float along the axial direction, and when the temperature changes, the screw rod 405 and other structural members are prevented from being blocked due to different linear expansion coefficients. The front support frame 402 and the rear support frame 407 are fixed on the same plane of the lens barrel 100, so that the mounting accuracy can be effectively improved.
The motor 410 drives the screw gear 413 to rotate through the motor gear 414, so as to drive the screw 405 to rotate, and provide motion power for the movable lens group. The screw rod 405 is connected with a transmission switching frame 406, and the transmission switching frame 406 is connected with the movable lens assembly 300. The screw rod 405 converts the rotation motion of the motor 410 into linear motion, and drives the movable lens assembly 300 to move through the transmission adapter frame 406, so as to realize the zoom and focusing functions of the three-view field switching device. The lead screw gear 413 is in turn meshed with a potentiometer gear 412, the position of the movable lens assembly 300 being registered by the potentiometer 411.
The pre-tightening mechanism 500 is disposed between the movable lens assemblies 300, and is used for pre-tightening the movable lens assemblies 300, and the pre-tightening force is adjustable.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the pre-tightening mechanism 500 includes a spring guide rod 501, a pre-tightening spring 502 and a pre-tightening nut 503, where the pre-tightening mechanism 500 adopts an elastic pre-tightening mode to pre-tighten the inside of the third five-lens frame 304 and the fourth lens frame 305, so that the structure is compact, the extra space is hardly occupied, and the elastic pre-tightening can eliminate the transmission gap of the screw rod 405, thereby improving the imaging quality.
The spring guide 501 is screwed onto the third fifth frame 304, and guides the pretensioning spring 502. The pre-tightening spring 502 is sleeved outside the spring guide rod 501, and the tail part of one end of the pre-tightening spring passes through the glue hole of the third fifth mirror frame 304 and is fixed on the third fifth mirror frame 304 through dispensing. One end of the pre-tightening nut 503 is in threaded connection with the fourth lens frame 305, the other end of the pre-tightening nut is in contact with the pre-tightening spring 502 on the spring guide rod 501, the pre-tightening spring 502 is in a compressed state, and the pre-tightening force of the compression of the pre-tightening spring 502 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the pre-tightening nut 503.
The screw 405 drives the movable lens assembly 300 to move on the guide rail 401 to complete the zoom function, and determines whether the specified position is reached by the potentiometer 411. When the movable lens assembly 300 reaches the designated position, the pre-tightening spring 502 of the pre-tightening mechanism 500 is in a compressed state, so that the motor 410 is kept unchanged under a given small moment, and the pre-tightening between the two movable lens assemblies 300 is kept. When there is a focusing requirement for the target position change or the ambient temperature change, only the position of the fourth lens 302 needs to be finely adjusted.
The three-view-field switching device adopts an elastic pre-tightening mode, so that gaps and return differences of screw rod transmission can be eliminated, the precision of the device is high, the view field switching is smooth, and the imaging quality is good.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-precision three-view-field switching device based on elastic pre-tightening is characterized in that:
comprises a lens cone (100), a fixed lens component (200), a movable lens component (300), a transmission mechanism (400) and a pre-tightening mechanism (500);
the transmission mechanism (400) is used for driving the movable lens component (300) to move so as to provide an accurate movement position for the movable lens component, the pre-tightening mechanism (500) is arranged between the movable lens components (300) and used for pre-tightening the movable lens component (300), and the pre-tightening force is adjustable;
the movable lens component (300) comprises a third lens (301), a fourth lens (302) and a fifth lens (303), each lens is provided with a lens frame and a lens pressing ring, the lenses are fixed in the lens frame through the lens pressing rings, and the lens frame is fixed in the lens barrel (100) through the lens frame pressing rings;
the lens frame of the third lens (301) and the fifth lens (303) are of an integrated structure, and are a third fifth lens frame (304), and the lens frame of the fourth lens (302) is a fourth lens frame (305);
one end of the pre-tightening mechanism (500) is connected with the third five glasses frame (304), the other end of the pre-tightening mechanism is connected with the fourth glasses frame (305), and the pre-tightening mechanism (500) elastically pre-tightens the space between the third five glasses frame (304) and the fourth glasses frame (305);
the pre-tightening mechanism (500) comprises a spring guide rod (501), a pre-tightening spring (502) and a pre-tightening nut (503), wherein the spring guide rod (501) is fastened on the third five glasses frame (304), the pre-tightening spring (502) is sleeved outside the spring guide rod (501), one end of the pre-tightening spring is fixed on the third five glasses frame (304), one end of the pre-tightening nut (503) is in threaded connection with the fourth glasses frame (305), the other end of the pre-tightening nut is in contact with the pre-tightening spring (502) on the spring guide rod (501), the pre-tightening spring (502) is in a compressed state, and the pre-tightening force of the pre-tightening spring (502) can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the pre-tightening nut (503).
2. The elastic pretension-based high-precision three-view-field switching device according to claim 1, wherein:
the fixed lens component (200) comprises a first lens (201), a second lens (202), a sixth lens (203), a seventh lens (204), lens frames, lens pressing rings and lens frame pressing rings, wherein the lenses are fixed in the lens frames through the lens pressing rings, and the lens frames are fixed in the lens barrel (100) through the lens frame pressing rings.
3. The elastic pretension-based high-precision three-view-field switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the first lens (201) and the second lens (202) are a group and are arranged at one end of the lens cone (100); the sixth lens (203) and the seventh lens (204) are a group, and are arranged at the other end of the lens barrel (100).
4. The elastic pretension-based high-precision three-view-field switching device according to claim 1, wherein:
the transmission mechanism (400) is divided into an upper group and a lower group, and is respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the lens cone (100) and used for respectively driving the third fifth lens frame (304) and the fourth lens frame (305) to move.
5. The elastic pretension-based high-precision three-view-field switching device according to claim 1, wherein:
the transmission mechanism (400) comprises a guide rail (401), a front supporting frame (402), a bearing pressing ring (403), a deep groove ball bearing (404), a screw rod (405), a transmission switching frame (406), a rear supporting frame (407), an angular contact bearing (408), a bearing pressing piece (409), a motor (410), a potentiometer (411), a potentiometer gear (412), a screw rod gear (413), a motor gear (414) and a fastener.
6. The elastic pretension-based high-precision three-view-field switching device according to claim 5, wherein:
each group of transmission mechanism (400) comprises two guide rails (401), a screw rod (405) is positioned between the two guide rails (401), two ends of the screw rod (405) are respectively connected to the front support frame (402) and the rear support frame (407), a motor (410) drives the screw rod gear (413) to rotate through a motor gear (414), so that the screw rod (405) is driven to rotate, the screw rod (405) converts the rotary motion of the motor (410) into linear motion, the movable lens assembly (300) is driven to move through a transmission switching frame (406), the screw rod gear (413) is meshed with the potentiometer gear (412), and the position of the movable lens assembly (300) is recorded through the potentiometer (411).
7. The elastic pretension-based high-precision three-view-field switching device according to claim 6, wherein:
each group of transmission mechanism (400) comprises two angular contact bearings (408) and a deep groove ball bearing (404), and the two angular contact bearings (408) fasten the screw rod (405) on the rear supporting frame (407) by bearing pressing sheets (409) and bearing pressing rings (403);
the deep groove ball bearing (404) is arranged between the screw rod (405) and the front support frame (402), the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing (404) is fixed only by the bearing pressing ring (403), and the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing can float along the axial direction.
8. The elastic pretension-based high-precision three-view-field switching device according to claim 7, wherein:
the front support frame (402) and the rear support frame (407) are fixed on the same plane of the lens barrel (100).
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