CN114354282A - Device and method for submerged arc welding molten drop acquisition and arc plasma characterization - Google Patents
Device and method for submerged arc welding molten drop acquisition and arc plasma characterization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The device for collecting the submerged arc welding molten drops and characterizing the electric arc plasma comprises a translation mechanism, a cooling component, a metal conductive component and a plurality of spectral signal guide components, wherein the cooling component is arranged on the translation mechanism; the metal conductive member is arranged on the cooling member; the plurality of spectral signal guide members are all arranged on the metal conductive member and are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the metal conductive member; the spectral signal directing member is formed with a conductive channel. The device can be used for collecting submerged arc welding molten drops, and the collected molten drops are in a non-equilibrium state and can keep partial characteristics in an arc cavity due to the fact that the molten drops are rapidly cooled. By utilizing the synergistic effect of the spectral signal guide component, the translation mechanism and the spectrometer, the spectral information of the plasma in the arc cavity can be stably collected in multiple sections, and the in-situ spectral analysis of the plasma is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of submerged arc welding, in particular to a device and a method for submerged arc welding molten drop collection and arc plasma characterization.
Background
At present, with the rapid development of shipbuilding industry in China, the challenges are provided for shipbuilding period and ship tonnage, submerged arc welding is a (semi) automatic arc welding mode for covering electric arcs under welding machine particles and slag, has the characteristics of high deposition efficiency, good weld metal formability, strong welding stability and the like, and is widely applied to important manufacturing fields of ships, maritime pressure vessels and the like. The flux plays roles of stabilizing electric arc, slagging, controlling weld metal forming, isolating air and the like in submerged arc welding. Because the welding flux, the molten pool and the arc cavity have violent chemical reaction, and the plasma substance in the arc cavity has the characteristics of high particle energy and high chemical reaction rate, under the action of each component of the welding flux, the components of molten drops and weld metal are obviously regulated and controlled, and the structure and the mechanical property of a welding joint are further influenced.
However, in the whole welding process, the arc cavity is always placed below the cladding of the welding flux and the slag, and high-level excited state and plasma state particles in the plasma have the tendency of rapidly transitioning to a stable low-level state, which brings great difficulty to the transition process of the welding molten drop and the direct observation and characterization of the effect of the plasma in the arc cavity, and further, the development of a set of collecting device for submerged arc welding molten drop and arc plasma becomes a key.
Disclosure of Invention
The device and the method for submerged arc welding molten drop collection and arc plasma characterization solve the technical problem that a set of collection device for submerged arc welding molten drops and arc plasma is urgently needed in the prior art to a certain extent.
The application provides a device of submerged arc welding molten drop collection and electric arc plasma sign, includes: a translation mechanism, a cooling member, a metallic conductive member, and a plurality of spectral signal directing members;
wherein the cooling member is arranged on the translation mechanism, the metal conductive member is arranged on the cooling member, and the translation mechanism is used for driving the cooling member to move along the welding direction;
the plurality of spectral signal guiding components are arranged on the metal conductive component and are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the metal conductive component; the spectral signal directing member is formed with a conductive channel.
In the above technical solution, further, a mounting groove is concavely formed in an upper surface of the cooling member, the metal conductive member is disposed in the mounting groove, and an upper surface of the metal conductive member is higher than an upper surface of the cooling member.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the metal conductive member and the cooling member are connected by gluing.
In any one of the above technical solutions, the cooling member is a cooling tank, and the cooling tank is formed with an inlet and an outlet.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the metal conductive member is a square conductive copper flat plate.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization device further includes a protective cover, the protective cover is covered on the upper surface of the cooling member, and the metal conductive member and part of the structure of the spectral signal guiding member are both disposed in the protective cover;
the shield is formed with a top opening and a side opening through which another part of the structure of the spectral signal directing member is exposed to the shield.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization device further includes a spectrometer, where the spectrometer is disposed on one side of the protective cover where the side opening is formed; and/or
The protective cover is of a transparent structure; and/or
The submerged arc welding molten drop collection and arc plasma characterization device further comprises a gas storage component, the gas storage component is arranged on one side of the translation mechanism, and the gas storage component is communicated with the hollow part inside the protective cover through a pipe fitting.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the translation mechanism includes a driving device, a transmission mechanism, and a table; the driving device is connected with the workbench through the transmission mechanism and is used for driving the workbench to move along the length direction of the metal conductive component; and/or
The spectral signal directing means is a spectral signal conduit.
The application also provides a submerged arc welding molten drop acquisition and electric arc plasma characterization method, and the submerged arc welding molten drop acquisition and electric arc plasma characterization device is based on any one of the technical schemes, so that the device has all the beneficial technical effects of the submerged arc welding molten drop acquisition and electric arc plasma characterization device, and is not repeated herein.
In the above technical solution, further, the method for collecting submerged arc welding droplets and characterizing arc plasma includes the following steps:
placing a flux on the metallic conductive member, and the flux extending along a length direction of the metallic conductive member;
placing a contact nozzle of a welding machine above the welding flux;
starting the welding machine, and driving a cooling component and a metal conducting component arranged on the cooling component to move along a welding direction by using the translation mechanism;
the welding wire extending from the contact tip is heated and melted under the action of electric arc, the melted welding wire, neutral particles generated by melting and decomposing the welding flux and plasma generated under the action of the electric arc react, and in the process, light emitted by exciting gas particles generated by decomposing the melted welding flux by the electric arc to emit is collected on one side of the spectral signal guide component;
and finally dropping a product formed by the reaction on the cooled metal conductive member to form a cooling molten drop, breaking a slag shell formed after the welding flux is solidified after welding is finished, and taking out the molten drop.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the method for collecting submerged arc welding droplets and characterizing arc plasma further includes the following steps: the temperature of the metal conductive member is acquired in real time, and when the temperature of the metal conductive member rises, the moving speed of the translation mechanism driving the cooling member and the metal conductive member placed on the cooling member along the welding direction is correspondingly increased so as to control the welding heat input and finally reduce the temperature of the metal conductive member.
In any of the above technical solutions, a plurality of temperature gear values and speed values corresponding to the plurality of temperature gear values one to one are preset, the temperature of the metal conductive member is obtained in real time, the obtained temperature of the metal conductive member is compared with the plurality of preset temperature gear values, and when the temperature of the metal conductive member is equal to one of the preset temperature gear values, the moving speed of the translation mechanism is adjusted according to the speed value corresponding to the preset temperature gear value.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, a middle gear value of the plurality of temperature gear values is equal to a melting point of the metal conductive member, and a difference between any two adjacent temperature gear values is 50 ℃;
the speed value corresponding to the middle gear value of the temperature gear values is 120cm/min, and the difference value between any two adjacent temperature gear values and the corresponding speed value is 10 cm/min.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application is:
the device for submerged arc welding molten drop collection and arc plasma characterization comprises a translation mechanism, a cooling component, a metal conducting component and a plurality of spectral signal guiding components. By utilizing the synergistic effect of the spectral signal guide component, the translation mechanism and the spectrometer, the spectral information of the plasma in the arc cavity can be stably collected in multiple sections, and the in-situ spectral analysis of the plasma is realized.
The method for submerged arc welding molten drop collection and electric arc plasma characterization can collect submerged arc welding molten drops, the collected molten drops are in a non-equilibrium state due to the fact that the molten drops are rapidly cooled, partial characteristics in an electric arc cavity can be reserved, in addition, spectrum signal guide components, a translation mechanism and a spectrometer are utilized to achieve synergistic effect, multi-section collection of plasma spectrum information in the electric arc cavity can be achieved, and in-situ spectrum analysis of plasmas is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the detailed description of the present application or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic partial structural view of an apparatus for submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 shows (a) and (b) schematic views of the collected droplets of the apparatus for submerged arc molten droplet collection and arc plasma characterization provided by the embodiment of the present application on different scales.
Reference numerals:
1-translation mechanism, 2-cooling component, 21-inlet, 22-outlet, 3-metal conducting component, 4-spectral signal guiding component, 5-protective cover, 6-gas storage component, 7-conducting nozzle and 8-welding flux.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application.
All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Apparatus and methods for submerged arc droplet collection and arc plasma characterization according to some embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to fig. 1-3.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization, comprising: a translation mechanism 1, a cooling member 2, a metal conductive member 3, and a plurality of spectral signal guide members 4;
the cooling component 2 is arranged on the translation mechanism 1, the metal conductive component 3 is arranged on the cooling component 2, and the translation mechanism 1 is used for driving the cooling component 2 to move along the welding direction;
the plurality of spectral signal guiding members 4 are all arranged on the metal conductive member 3 and are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the metal conductive member 3; the spectral signal directing member 4 is formed with a conducting channel.
According to the structure described above, the device for submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization provided by the application can be used as follows, for example:
laying a flux 8 on the metal conductive member 3 along the length direction thereof, fixing a welding machine and a spectrometer, specifically, fixing a contact tip 7 of the welding machine above the flux 8, fixing the spectrometer on the side portions of the plurality of spectral signal guide members 4, introducing cooling water into the cooling member 2 to rapidly cool the metal conductive member 3, starting the welding machine, driving the cooling member 2 and the metal conductive member 3 placed on the cooling member 2 to move along a welding direction by using the translation mechanism 1 (the welding direction here is the extending direction of the flux 8 and the length direction of the metal conductive member 3), heating and melting a welding wire extending from the contact tip 7 under the action of an electric arc, reacting the molten welding wire, neutral particles generated by melting and decomposing the flux 8 and plasma generated under the action of the electric arc, and collecting light generated by exciting gas particles generated by decomposing the molten flux 8 by the electric arc on one side of the spectral signal guide member 4 in the process, specifically, the high temperature of the arc instantaneously melts the thin wall of the spectral signal guide member 4, and the spectral signal is conducted along the spectral signal guide member 4 and captured by the spectrometer on one side;
the product formed by the reaction finally falls on the cooled metal conductive member 3 to form a cooling droplet, and after the welding is completed, the skull formed after the solidification of the flux is broken off, and the droplet is taken out, as shown in fig. 3. Of course, the method is not limited to the above steps, and the sequence of the steps can be adjusted according to actual needs.
Therefore, the submerged arc welding molten drop collection device and the electric arc plasma characterization device can collect the submerged arc welding molten drops, and the collected molten drops are in a non-equilibrium state due to the fact that the molten drops are rapidly cooled, and partial characteristics of the collected molten drops in an electric arc cavity can be reserved. By utilizing the synergistic effect of the spectral signal guide component 4, the translation mechanism 1 and the spectrometer, the spectral information of the plasma in the arc cavity can be stably collected in multiple sections, and the in-situ spectral analysis of the plasma is realized.
Further, preferably, the spectral signal guiding means 4 is a spectral signal conduit inside which the spectral signal can be transmitted.
In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the upper surface of the cooling member 2 is concavely formed with a mounting groove, the metal conductive member 3 is disposed in the mounting groove, and the upper surface of the metal conductive member 3 is higher than the upper surface of the cooling member 2.
According to the structure described above, the metal conductive member 3 is placed in the mounting groove, so that it does not shake during the moving process, and is assembled with the cooling member 2 more firmly, and at the same time, has a certain waterproof effect.
Further, it is preferable that the mounting grooves are groove bodies penetrating opposite side portions of the cooling member 2.
In this embodiment, the metallic conductive member 3 and the cooling member 2 are preferably connected by gluing.
According to the above-described structure, since the metal conductive member 3 is easily worn under the arc striking condition and thus needs to be replaced later, the metal conductive member 3 and the cooling member 2 are connected by gluing, which further facilitates the later replacement of the metal conductive member 3.
In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cooling member 2 is a cooling tank, and the cooling tank is formed with an inlet 21 and an outlet 22.
According to the structure that has just been described, import 21 can be used for inputing the water in the cooling box, the later stage of being convenient for is used, notice, cooperate foretell cooling box, there are two kinds of modes in the use of cooling water, the first kind, after carrying into cooling box with the cooling water, seal and cover import 21, do not change in the use, the second kind lets in the cooling water in the cooling box, also let in the cooling water always by import 21, from export 22 one in line use the used up cooling water, adopt the cooling of mobile water like this, the cooling effect is better.
The outlet 22 is provided for the first cooling case described above for two main reasons, specifically: firstly, the water in the cooling box can be replaced; secondly, because of the relatively large amount of heat during the welding process, the water in the cooling tank will vaporize to some extent, and the circulating water itself will inevitably have some gas, and therefore will need to be discharged through the outlet 22.
For the second cooling situation, an exhaust port can be separately arranged for exhausting air, and cooling water can not enter or exit the cooling box body.
Further, preferably, the inlet 21 is arranged at the side part of the cooling box body, and the inlet 21 is provided with a plug for plugging; an outlet 22 is provided at the top of the cooling tank.
In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the metal conductive member 3 is a square conductive copper flat plate.
According to the structure, the copper has good electric conductivity and thermal conductivity and is suitable for a collection test of the molten drops; the metal conductive component 3 adopts a flat plate structure, so that the welding flux 8 is convenient to place, the consistency of welding environments at each position is ensured, and in addition, the square flat plate structure is more convenient to process and manufacture.
However, it is noted that the metal conductive member 3 needs to be made of a material different from that of the welding wire, that is, the metal conductive member 3 and the welding wire are made of different materials.
In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization further comprises a shield 5, the shield 5 is covered on the upper surface of the cooling member 2, and the metal conducting member 3 and part of the structure of the spectral signal guiding member 4 are both arranged in the shield 5;
the shield 5 is formed with a top opening and a side opening through which another part of the structure of the spectral signal guiding member 4 is exposed to the shield 5.
Further, preferably, the submerged arc welding molten drop collection and arc plasma characterization device further comprises a gas storage component 6, the gas storage component 6 is arranged on one side of the translation mechanism 1, the hollow part inside the gas storage component 6 and the protection cover 5 is communicated through a pipe, and in the heating process, inert gas is introduced to play a role in protecting the atmosphere.
According to the above-described structure, the protective cover 5 cooperates with the inert gas to provide an inert protective atmosphere, so as to reduce air pollution and improve the accuracy and reliability of the test, and during the use process, the protective cover 5 can be taken up first, the solder 8 can be placed on the conductive member, and then the protective cover 5 can be installed, but not limited thereto, and the solder 8 can be placed through the top opening of the protective cover 5 and the conductive nozzle 7 of the welding machine can be placed above the solder 8.
Wherein the side opening of the protective cover 5 is used for the spectral signal guiding member 4 to pass through, avoiding interference.
Further, preferably, the protective cover 5 has a transparent structure for easy observation, and the protective cover 5 may be made of transparent polymethyl methacrylate (acrylic).
Further, it is preferable that the protection cover 5 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
In this embodiment, the submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization device preferably further comprises a spectrometer disposed on the side of the shield 5 where the side opening is formed (not shown in the figure).
As can be seen from the above described configuration, the spectrometer is used to collect and resolve the spectral signals generated by the welding arc.
In this embodiment, preferably, the translation mechanism 1 includes a driving device, a transmission mechanism, and a table; wherein the driving device is connected with the working table through a transmission mechanism and is used for driving the working table to move along the length direction of the metal conductive member 3 (not shown in the figure).
According to the structure described above, the welding machine and the spectrometer are kept still, and the driving device drives the workbench to move through the transmission mechanism, so as to simulate the welding simulation process.
Further, preferably, the driving device is a motor; the transmission mechanism is a lead screw transmission mechanism.
Further, preferably, the submerged arc welding molten drop collecting and arc plasma characterizing device further comprises a first support frame and a second support frame, the driving device is arranged on the first support frame, the workbench is arranged on the second support frame, and the workbench is connected with the second support frame through a guide rail and a sliding block in a sliding mode.
Example two
The second embodiment of the application further provides a method for submerged arc welding droplet acquisition and arc plasma characterization, and the device for submerged arc welding droplet acquisition and arc plasma characterization is based on the first embodiment, so that all the beneficial technical effects of the device for submerged arc welding droplet acquisition and arc plasma characterization are achieved, and the same technical features and beneficial effects are not repeated.
In this embodiment, preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the method of submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization comprises the steps of:
placing the flux 8 on the metallic conductive member 3, and the flux 8 extends along the length direction of the metallic conductive member 3;
placing a contact tip 7 of the welder above the flux 8;
starting the welding machine, and driving the cooling member 2 and the metallic conductive member 3 and the flux 8 placed on the cooling member 2 to move in the welding direction by using the translation mechanism 1;
the welding wire extending from the contact tip 7 is heated and melted under the action of the electric arc, the melted welding wire, neutral particles generated by melting and decomposing the flux 8 and plasma generated under the action of the electric arc react, and in the process, light emitted by exciting gas particles generated by decomposing the melted flux 8 by the electric arc to emit is collected at one side of the spectral signal guide component 4;
the product formed by the reaction finally falls on the cooled metal conductive member 3 to form a cooling droplet, and after the welding is completed, the skull formed after the solidification of the flux 8 is broken off, and the droplet is taken out, as shown in fig. 3.
According to the above description, the submerged arc welding molten drop can be collected by the method, and the collected molten drop is in a non-equilibrium state due to the rapid cooling of the molten drop, so that partial characteristics in the arc cavity can be maintained. By utilizing the synergistic effect of the spectral signal guide component 4, the translation mechanism 1 and the spectrometer, the spectral information of the plasma in the arc cavity can be stably collected in multiple sections, and the in-situ spectral analysis of the plasma is realized.
In this embodiment, preferably, the method for submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization further comprises the steps of: the temperature of the metallic conductive member 3 is acquired in real time, and when the temperature of the metallic conductive member 3 rises, the cooling member 2, and the metallic conductive member 3 and the flux 8 placed on the cooling member 2 are driven correspondingly to increase the moving speed of the translation mechanism 1 in the direction along the length of the metallic conductive member 3 to control the welding heat input and finally reduce the temperature of the metallic conductive member 3.
According to the above description, the speed of the translation mechanism 1 driving the cooling member 2 and the metal conductive member 3 and the flux 8 placed thereon to move along the length direction of the metal conductive member 3, that is, the moving speed of the workbench increases with the increase of the temperature of the metal conductive member 3, the welding heat input is inversely proportional to the moving speed, that is, the moving speed increases, the welding heat input is reduced, the cooling effect is improved, the cooling efficiency is kept constant, and the optimal cooling efficiency of the molten drop is ensured while the molten drop collection efficiency is improved.
Further, it is preferable that a plurality of temperature range values and speed values corresponding to the plurality of temperature range values one to one are preset, the temperature of the metallic conductive member 3 is acquired in real time, the acquired temperature of the metallic conductive member 3 is compared with the plurality of preset temperature range values, and when the temperature of the metallic conductive member 3 is equal to one of the preset temperature range values, the moving speed of the translation mechanism 1 is adjusted according to the speed value corresponding to the preset temperature range value.
Further, preferably, a middle stage value of the plurality of temperature stage values is equal to the melting point of the metal conductive member 3, and a difference between any two adjacent temperature stage values is 50 ℃;
the speed value corresponding to the middle gear value of the plurality of temperature gear values is 120cm/min, and the difference value between the speed values corresponding to any two adjacent temperature gear values is 10 cm/min.
Of course, the data is not limited to the above data, and can be selected according to actual needs.
In summary, the above-described embodiments are illustrated in detail with reference to the above-disclosed structures:
taking the metal conductive member 3 as an example of a brass material, the melting point of the metal conductive member is 1000 ℃, wherein the temperature range values are 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1050 ℃, 1100 ℃ and 1150 ℃ respectively based on the melting point of the metal conductive member 3, and the corresponding speed levels are 90cm/min, 100cm/min, 110cm/min, 130cm/min, 140cm/min and 150cm/min respectively, and the speed at which the translation mechanism 1 drives the cooling member 2 and the metal conductive member 3 and the flux 8 placed thereon to move along the length direction of the metal conductive member 3 can be correspondingly adjusted according to the above rules.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. An apparatus for submerged arc welding droplet acquisition and arc plasma characterization, comprising: a translation mechanism, a cooling member, a metallic conductive member, and a plurality of spectral signal directing members;
wherein the cooling member is arranged on the translation mechanism, the metal conductive member is arranged on the cooling member, and the translation mechanism is used for driving the cooling member to move along the welding direction;
the plurality of spectral signal guiding components are arranged on the metal conductive component and are sequentially arranged at intervals along the length direction of the metal conductive component; the spectral signal directing member is formed with a conductive channel.
2. The submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization device according to claim 1, wherein the cooling member has an upper surface that is concavely formed with a mounting groove, the metal conductive member is disposed in the mounting groove, and the upper surface of the metal conductive member is higher than the upper surface of the cooling member.
3. The submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization device of claim 1, wherein the metallic conductive member is connected with the cooling member by gluing.
4. The apparatus for submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization according to claim 1, wherein the cooling means is a cooling tank and the cooling tank is formed with an inlet and an outlet.
5. The submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization device of claim 1, wherein the metallic conductive member is a square conductive copper plate.
6. The submerged arc droplet acquisition and arc plasma characterization device according to claim 1, further comprising a shield cover covering the upper surface of the cooling member, wherein the metal conductive member and the spectral signal directing member are partially configured and disposed within the shield cover;
the shield is formed with a top opening and a side opening through which another part of the structure of the spectral signal directing member is exposed to the shield.
7. The submerged arc welding droplet acquisition and arc plasma characterization device according to claim 6, further comprising a spectrometer disposed on the side of the shield where the side opening is formed; and/or
The protective cover is of a transparent structure; and/or
The submerged arc welding molten drop collection and arc plasma characterization device further comprises a gas storage component, the gas storage component is arranged on one side of the translation mechanism, and the gas storage component is communicated with the hollow part inside the protective cover through a pipe fitting.
8. The submerged arc welding droplet acquisition and arc plasma characterization device according to claim 1, wherein the translation mechanism comprises a drive device, a transmission mechanism and a table; the driving device is connected with the workbench through the transmission mechanism and is used for driving the workbench to move along the length direction of the metal conductive component; and/or
The spectral signal directing means is a spectral signal conduit; and/or
The device for submerged arc welding molten drop collection and arc plasma characterization further comprises an infrared thermometer, and the infrared thermometer is arranged above the metal conductive component.
9. A submerged arc droplet acquisition and arc plasma characterization method, based on the submerged arc droplet acquisition and arc plasma characterization device of any of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:
placing a flux on the metallic conductive member, and the flux extending along a length direction of the metallic conductive member;
placing a contact nozzle of a welding machine above the welding flux;
starting the welding machine, and driving a cooling component and a metal conducting component arranged on the cooling component to move along a welding direction by using the translation mechanism;
the welding wire extending from the contact tip is heated and melted under the action of electric arc, the melted welding wire, neutral particles generated by melting and decomposing the welding flux and plasma generated under the action of the electric arc react, and in the process, light emitted by exciting gas particles generated by decomposing the melted welding flux by the electric arc to emit is collected on one side of the spectral signal guide component;
and finally dropping a product formed by the reaction on the cooled metal conductive member to form a cooling molten drop, breaking a slag shell formed after the welding flux is solidified after welding is finished, and taking out the molten drop.
10. The method of submerged arc droplet acquisition and arc plasma characterization according to claim 9, wherein the method of submerged arc droplet acquisition and arc plasma characterization further comprises the steps of: the temperature of the metal conductive member is acquired in real time, and when the temperature of the metal conductive member rises, the moving speed of the translation mechanism for driving the cooling member and the metal conductive member arranged on the cooling member along the welding direction is correspondingly increased so as to control the welding heat input and finally reduce the temperature of the metal conductive member.
11. The method of submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization according to claim 10, wherein a plurality of temperature gear values and speed values corresponding to the plurality of temperature gear values one to one are preset, the temperature of the metallic conductive member is obtained in real time, the obtained temperature of the metallic conductive member is compared with the plurality of preset temperature gear values, and when the temperature of the metallic conductive member is equal to one of the preset temperature gear values, the moving speed of the translation mechanism is adjusted according to the speed value corresponding to the preset temperature gear value.
12. The method of submerged arc welding droplet collection and arc plasma characterization according to claim 11, wherein a mid-range value of a plurality of said temperature range values is equal to a melting point of said metallic conductive member, and a difference between any two adjacent said temperature range values is 50 ℃;
the speed value corresponding to the middle gear value of the temperature gear values is 120cm/min, and the difference value between any two adjacent temperature gear values and the corresponding speed value is 10 cm/min.
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