CN114354094A - Rear-pull type internal-expansion zero-displacement airtight detection clamp for numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Rear-pull type internal-expansion zero-displacement airtight detection clamp for numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN114354094A CN114354094A CN202111670013.6A CN202111670013A CN114354094A CN 114354094 A CN114354094 A CN 114354094A CN 202111670013 A CN202111670013 A CN 202111670013A CN 114354094 A CN114354094 A CN 114354094A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control lathes, in particular to a rear-pull type internal-expansion zero-displacement airtight detection clamp for a numerical control machine, which comprises a main shaft connecting flange, clamp bodies, pull rods, a rubber flexible expansion sleeve, a reference and a limiting assembly, wherein the upper end of the main shaft connecting flange is provided with the clamp bodies, the upper surface of the clamp bodies is provided with the reference, the upper end of the reference is provided with a part to be processed, the lower end of the pull rod penetrating between the two clamp bodies is in threaded connection with a rear pull disc, the upper end of the pull rod is in threaded connection with a threaded cover, the upper surface of the threaded cover is fixedly provided with four groups of fixed blocks, a rotating shaft fixed between each group of the fixed blocks is hinged with the limiting assembly, the middle of the limiting assembly penetrates through the rubber flexible expansion sleeve, the upper end of the limiting assembly is provided with an upper cover, the side surfaces of sawtooth strips fixed at the left end and the right end of the upper cover are in meshed connection with gears, and the mounting of the rubber flexible expansion sleeve is facilitated by the limiting assembly capable of opening and closing, the flexible rubber expansion sleeve is convenient to cling to the inner side surface of the processed part, and the deformation of the processed part is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerically controlled lathes, in particular to a rear-pull type internal-expansion zero-displacement airtight detection clamp for a numerically controlled machine tool.
Background
The clamping method comprises the following steps that currently, a manual chuck, a hydraulic chuck and other types of internal expansion displacement clamps are commonly used, when the manual chuck and the hydraulic chuck are used for clamping a workpiece, when the clamping length is less than 5mm, a clamped part is in risk of being separated from the chuck during processing, when the thin-wall part is clamped, clamping surfaces of a two-jaw chuck, a three-jaw chuck and a four-jaw chuck are in two-point, three-point and four-point contact during clamping, clamping force distribution is uneven, the thin-wall part is deformed, the geometric size and the geometric precision of the part cannot be guaranteed, and in addition, the chuck is clamped, the deformation is also generated because the gap of a clamping jaw and the minimum pressure of the hydraulic chuck cannot be borne by the thin-wall part; when other types of internal expanding displacement anchor clamps centre gripping work piece, because at the centre gripping motion in-process, the internal expanding cover that rises can axial displacement, under this situation, when centre gripping blind hole part or centre gripping distance are less than 3mm, can not lead to the fact the clamping-force not enough because of the centre gripping distance to by the risk that centre gripping part breaks away from anchor clamps occasionally in processing, this type of anchor clamps still can not accurate settlement centre gripping distance.
In addition, when flange parts are machined, the parallelism requirement of some types of parts is high, and when the parts are clamped, scrap iron or other foreign matters which are not cleaned up possibly exist between the installation reference surface and the parts, so that the parallelism is difficult to guarantee and the yield of finished products is reduced under the condition that no detection means exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rear-pull type internal expansion zero displacement airtight detection clamp for a numerical control machine tool, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a rear-pull type internal-expansion zero-displacement airtight detection clamp of a numerical control machine tool comprises a main shaft connecting flange, clamp bodies, pull rods, a rubber flexible expansion sleeve, a reference and a limiting component, wherein the main shaft connecting flange is installed on a machine tool main shaft or a workbench of a machining center, the inner side of a circular ring sleeve arranged at the upper end of the main shaft connecting flange is fixedly provided with the clamp bodies, the upper surface of each clamp body is provided with the reference, the outer side of the upper end of the reference is provided with an airtight detection hole, the inner sides of the upper ends of the two references are provided with a part to be machined, the lower end of each pull rod penetrating between the two clamp bodies is connected with the inner thread at the upper end of a rear pull disc through an outer thread, the inner thread at the lower end of the rear pull disc is connected with the machine tool main shaft pull rod, the middle of the lower end of each pull rod is provided with an airtight joint, the upper end of each threaded joint is provided with a threaded cover, four groups of fixed blocks are fixed on the upper surface of each group of the fixed rotary shafts, and the limiting components are hinged with the limiting components, the middle of the limiting component penetrates through the rubber flexible expansion sleeve, the upper end of the limiting component is provided with an upper cover, the left end and the right end of the upper cover are fixedly connected in the limiting sleeve in a sliding mode, the limiting sleeve is fixedly arranged at the side end of the upper surface of the reference, and the side face of each sawtooth strip is connected with a gear in a meshed mode.
Preferably, the width of the opening of the limiting sleeve is consistent with the width of the gear, a motor arranged at the side end of the gear is fixed on the upper surface of the reference, a pressing block with a narrow lower part and a wide upper part is fixed on the lower surface of the round middle of the upper cover, the pressing block abuts against the upper end of the limiting assembly, and the side end of the upper cover is a square plate protruding outwards.
Preferably, the upper end and the lower end of the pull rod are both provided with threads, the arc-shaped groove formed in the lower end of the clamp body is clamped on the outer side of the rear pull disc, the outer side of the rear pull disc is in a T-shaped column shape, and the pull rod screwed in the middle of the lower end of the rear pull disc is driven by a hydraulic oil cylinder self-matched with a machine tool spindle.
Preferably, spacing subassembly includes knee and torsional spring, and the centre of knee is vertical form, and the upper end of knee is the barb type of outside bending, and the lateral surface in the centre of knee is provided with curved buffer block.
Preferably, a through hole is formed in the middle of the arc-shaped lower end of the bent rod, a rotating shaft penetrates through the through hole, the width of the bent rod is consistent with the distance between the two fixing blocks, a notch is formed in the middle of the lower end of the bent rod, a torsion spring is arranged in the notch, and the torsion spring is wound on the rotating shaft.
Preferably, the rubber flexible expansion sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the vertical rod of the bent rod, the buffer block abuts against the inner side face of the rubber flexible expansion sleeve, and the height of the buffer block is consistent with the height of the inner side face of the processed part.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has reasonable structure and strong functionality, and has the following advantages:
1. the rear-pull type internal-expansion zero-displacement airtight detection clamp for the numerical control machine tool realizes zero displacement through the rubber flexible expansion sleeve, and meanwhile, the installation of the rubber flexible expansion sleeve is facilitated through the openable limiting assembly, so that the rubber flexible expansion sleeve is convenient to cling to the inner side surface of a processed part, and the deformation of the processed part is reduced;
2. the rubber flexible expansion sleeve arranged on the back-pull type internal expansion zero displacement airtight detection clamp of the numerical control machine tool is a flexible expansion sleeve, when the clamp is used for clamping, the clamping surface of the rubber flexible expansion sleeve is parallelly expanded and can be attached to the inner hole arc surface of a part to be processed in a percentage, so that the friction coefficient is high, the clamping force is large, and the part can be effectively prevented from deforming;
3. the rear-pull type internal expanding zero displacement airtight detection clamp for the numerical control machine tool drives the upper cover to move up and down through the gear, so that the extrusion block is conveniently extruded at the upper ends of the four bent rods, the rubber flexible expanding sleeve is conveniently expanded through the bent rods, and meanwhile, secondary buffering is performed through the buffer block.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cut-away three-dimensional view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of the clamp body and the structure on the datum in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exploded three-dimensional view of the structure of the upper and lower ends of the tie rod of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an exploded three-dimensional view of the upper cover and stop assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the main shaft is connected with a flange; 2. a clamp body; 3. a pull rod; 31. a threaded cap; 32. a fixed block; 33. a rotating shaft; 4. a rubber flexible expansion sleeve; 5. a reference; 51. a gear; 52. a limiting sleeve; 53. an upper cover; 54. extruding the block; 55. a sawtooth strip; 6. pulling the disc backwards; 7. an airtight joint; 8. processing parts; 9. a limiting component; 91. bending a rod; 92. a buffer block; 93. a notch; 94. a torsion spring.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a technical solution: a rear-pull type internal-expansion zero-displacement airtight detection clamp of a numerical control machine tool comprises a main shaft connecting flange 1, clamp bodies 2, pull rods 3, a rubber flexible expansion sleeve 4, a reference 5 and a limiting assembly 9, wherein the main shaft connecting flange 1 is installed on a workbench of a machine tool main shaft or a machining center, the inner side of a circular ring sleeve arranged at the upper end of the main shaft connecting flange 1 is fixedly provided with the clamp bodies 2, the upper surface of each clamp body 2 is provided with the reference 5, the outer side of the upper end of the reference 5 is provided with an airtight detection hole, the length of a part 8 to be processed is adjusted and clamped through the reference 5, the inner sides of the upper ends of the two reference 5 are provided with the part 8 to be processed, the lower end of each pull rod 3 penetrating between the two clamp bodies 2 is connected with an internal thread at the upper end of a rear pull disc 6 through an external thread, an arc-shaped groove formed at the lower end of each clamp body 2 is clamped at the outer side of the rear pull disc 6, and the internal thread at the lower end of the rear pull disc 6 is connected with the machine tool main shaft pull rod, the pull rod passes through the lathe main shaft and drives from the hydraulic cylinder of joining in marriage, the centre of the lower extreme of main shaft pull rod is provided with airtight joint 7, conveniently carry out the gas tightness and detect, the upper end spiro union of pull rod 3 has screw cap 31, conveniently dismantle, the last fixed surface of screw cap 31 has four fixed blocks 32 that are the circumference and distribute, it has spacing subassembly 9 all to articulate on the fixed pivot 33 between two fixed blocks 32 of every group, spacing subassembly 9 passes by the centre of processing part 8, the flexible cover 4 that rises of rubber is passed in the centre of spacing subassembly 9, it is taut and the action of relaxing to drive pull rod 3 from the hydraulic cylinder of joining in marriage by the lathe main shaft, thereby make things convenient for spacing subassembly 9 to pass by processing part 8, be convenient for by the follow-up installation and the dismantlement of processing part 8.
The limiting component 9 comprises a bent rod 91 and a torsion spring 94, the middle of the bent rod 91 is vertical, the upper end of the bent rod 91 is in an inverted hook shape bent outwards, the outer side surface of the middle of the bent rod 91 is provided with an arc-shaped buffer block 92, the middle of the arc-shaped lower end of the bent rod 91 is provided with a through hole, a rotating shaft 33 penetrates through the through hole, the rotation of the bent rod 91 is facilitated, the width of the bent rod 91 is consistent with the distance between the two fixing blocks 32, the middle of the lower end of the bent rod 91 is provided with a notch 93, the torsion spring 94 is arranged in the notch 93, the torsion spring 94 is wound on the rotating shaft 33, one end of the torsion spring 94 is abutted against the outer side surface of the bent rod 91, the other end of the torsion spring is abutted against the upper surface of the thread cover 31, through the elasticity of the torsion spring 94, the four bent rods 91 are closed towards the middle, so that the outer diameter of the upper end of the bent rod 91 is smaller than the inner diameter of the processed part 8, the rubber flexible expansion sleeve 4 is sleeved outside of the vertical rod of the bent rod 91, the installation and the disassembly of the rubber flexible expansion sleeve 4 are convenient, the buffer block 92 is abutted against the inner side surface of the rubber flexible expansion sleeve 4, the rubber flexible expansion sleeve 4 is prevented from sliding off when the bent rod 91 is clamped, meanwhile, the height of the buffer block 92 is consistent with that of the inner side surface of the processed part 8, the buffer block 92 is used for increasing buffer, the deformation of the processed part 8 is effectively prevented, the upper end of the limiting component 9 is provided with the upper cover 53, the upper cover 53 covers the upper surface of the processed part 8, so that foreign matters are reduced from entering between the processed part 8 and the reference 5, the side end of the upper cover 53 is a square plate protruding outwards, the sawtooth strips 55 fixed at the end part of the square plate are connected in the limiting sleeve 52 in a sliding manner, the upper cover 53 is conveniently supported, the upper cover 53 is convenient to move up and down, the limiting sleeve 52 is fixed at the side end of the upper surface of the reference 5, the opening width of the limiting sleeve 52 is consistent with the width of the gear 51, the side meshing of sawtooth rack 55 is connected with gear 51, the motor that the side of gear 51 set up is fixed at the upper surface of benchmark 5, make gear 51 drive sawtooth rack 55 reciprocate through the motor, thereby conveniently drive upper cover 53 and reciprocate, conveniently by the installation and the fixed of processing part 8, the lower fixed surface in the middle of the upper cover 53 circular shape has narrow down wide extrusion piece 54 in the top, extrusion piece 54 supports the upper end at spacing subassembly 9, reciprocate through upper cover 53, thereby conveniently extrude four knee-bars 91 through extrusion piece 54, thereby extrude through knee-bar 91 and make its internal surface of hugging closely processing part 8 in the flexible expansion sleeve 4 of rubber, conveniently by the fixed of processing part 8, the axial of processing part 8 does not produce the displacement, effectively prevent simultaneously by processing part 8 deformation.
The method comprises the following specific steps: when in actual work, the main shaft connecting flange 1 is arranged on a machine tool main shaft or a workbench of a machining center, the clamp bodies 2 are locked at the upper end of the main shaft connecting flange 1, the upper surfaces of the two clamp bodies 2 are both provided with a reference 5, the inner side ends of the two reference 5 are provided with parts 8 to be machined, the length of the parts 8 to be machined is adjusted and clamped through the reference 5, air tightness detection holes are configured for the parts 8 to be machined as required, a threaded cover 31 is screwed at the upper end of a pull rod 3 penetrating through the middle of the two clamp bodies 2, four groups of fixed blocks 32 distributed in the circumference are fixed on the upper surface of the threaded cover 31, a limiting component 9 is screwed on a rotating shaft 33 fixed between each group of the fixed blocks 32, the limiting component 9 penetrates through a rubber flexible expansion sleeve 4, the lower end of the pull rod 3 is in threaded connection with a rear pull disc 6, a lower single side of the rear pull disc 6 is in threaded connection with a machine tool main shaft pull rod, the machine tool main shaft is driven by a hydraulic oil cylinder self-matched with the machine tool main shaft to perform tensioning and loosening actions, thereby facilitating the limit component 9 to pass through the processed part 8 and facilitating the subsequent installation and disassembly of the processed part 8, the through hole arranged in the middle of the lower end of the bent rod 91 of the main body of the limit component 9 is penetrated with the rotating shaft 33, the gap 93 arranged in the middle of the lower end of the bent rod 91 is provided with the torsion spring 94, the torsion spring 94 is wound on the rotating shaft 33, one end of the torsion spring 94 is propped against the outer side surface of the bent rod 91, the other end is propped against the upper surface of the thread cover 31, the four bent rods 91 are drawn together towards the middle by the elasticity of the torsion spring 94, thereby the outer diameter of the upper end of the bent rod 91 is smaller than the inner diameter of the processed part 8, the bent rod 91 passes through the processed part 8 and simultaneously facilitates the external measurement of the rubber flexible expansion sleeve 4 sleeved on the bent rod 91, the installation and the disassembly of the rubber flexible expansion sleeve 4, the rubber flexible expansion sleeve 4 is provided with an air tightness detection device which can effectively improve the product precision and is stable in repeated installation, the product rejection rate is reduced, meanwhile, the buffer block 92 fixed on the outer side surface of the vertical rod of the bent rod 91 is abutted against the inner side surface of the rubber flexible expansion sleeve 4, the rubber flexible expansion sleeve 4 is prevented from sliding off when the bent rod 91 is clamped, meanwhile, the buffer block 92 is used for increasing the buffer to prevent the processed part 8 from deforming, the upper cover 53 arranged at the upper end of the limiting component 9 is covered on the upper surface of the processed part 8, so that foreign matters are prevented from entering between the processed part 8 and the reference 5, the sawtooth strips 55 are fixed at the lower ends of the square plates at the two sides of the upper cover 53, the sawtooth strips 55 are slidably connected in the inner cavity of the limiting sleeve 52, the upper cover 53 is conveniently supported through the limiting sleeve 52 while moving up and down, the gear 51 arranged outside the opening of the limiting sleeve 52 is meshed and connected to the side surface of the sawtooth strips 55, the gear 51 drives the sawtooth strips 55 to move up and down through the motor, so as to conveniently drive the upper cover 53 to move up and down, the extrusion piece 54 of the lower fixed surface in the middle of upper cover 53 supports the upper end at four knee rods 91, reciprocate through upper cover 53, thereby four knee rods 91 are extruded through extrusion piece 54 to the convenience, thereby extrude through knee rods 91 and make its internal surface of hugging closely by processing part 8 at the flexible cover 4 that rises of rubber, the convenience is by the fixed of processing part 8, the axial that is by processing part 8 does not produce the displacement, effectively prevent simultaneously by processing part 8 deformation, conveniently carry out the gas tightness and detect.
The detection step comprises: air with the pressure not greater than 0.2MPa enters an airtight joint 7 arranged in the middle of the lower end of a main shaft pull rod from an airtight detection air inlet, finally reaches three airtight detection ports (air outlets) on the end face of a reference 5 through an air inlet track arranged inside a rear pull disc 6, a clamp body 2 and the reference 5, at the moment, the mounting face of a part 8 to be processed can be tightly attached to the airtight detection ports of the reference 5, at the moment, the air pressure value in the whole set of clamp can meet the air pressure numerical value requirement of a pneumatic electronic element, so that the starting condition of a machine tool is met, the machine tool can be started and finish processing operation, and the parallelism is qualified; on the contrary, the mounting surface of the processed part 8 is not tightly attached to the air tightness detection port of the reference 5, so that air leakage is generated, the air pressure value in the whole set of fixture cannot meet the air pressure value requirement of the pneumatic electronic element and cannot meet the starting condition of the machine tool, the machine tool cannot be started, scrap iron or other foreign matters between the processed part 8 and the reference 5 must be cleaned, and the machine tool can be restarted after the starting condition of the machine tool is met.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. Draw formula internal-expanding zero displacement airtight detection anchor clamps behind digit control machine tool, including spindle connecting flange (1), anchor clamps body (2), pull rod (3), flexible cover (4), benchmark (5) and spacing subassembly (9) that rise of rubber, spindle connecting flange (1) is installed on lathe main shaft or machining center's workstation, and the inboard of the ring cover that the upper end of spindle connecting flange (1) set up is fixed with anchor clamps body (2), its characterized in that: the fixture comprises fixture bodies (2), a datum (5) is arranged on the upper surface of each fixture body (2), an airtight detection hole is formed in the outer side of the upper end of the datum (5), a part to be processed (8) is arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the datum (5), the lower end of a pull rod (3) penetrating between the two fixture bodies (2) is connected with an internal thread at the upper end of a rear pull disc (6) through an external thread, the internal thread at the lower end of the rear pull disc (6) is connected with a machine tool spindle pull rod, an airtight joint (7) is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the spindle pull rod, a threaded cover (31) is screwed at the upper end of the pull rod (3), four groups of fixing blocks (32) are fixed on the upper surface of the threaded cover (31), a limiting assembly (9) is hinged on a rotating shaft (33) fixed between each group of fixing blocks (32), a rubber flexible expansion sleeve (4) penetrates through the middle of the limiting assembly (9), an upper cover (53) is arranged at the upper end of the limiting assembly (9), sawtooth strips (55) fixed at the left end and the right end of the upper cover (53) are connected in a limiting sleeve (52) in a sliding manner, the limiting sleeve (52) is fixed at the side end of the upper surface of the reference (5), and the side surfaces of the sawtooth strips (55) are connected with gears (51) in a meshing manner.
2. The numerically-controlled machine tool post-pulling type internal-expanding zero-displacement airtight detection clamp as recited in claim 1, wherein: the width of an opening of the limiting sleeve (52) is consistent with that of the gear (51), a motor arranged at the side end of the gear (51) is fixed on the upper surface of the reference (5), a pressing block (54) with a narrow lower part and a wide upper part is fixed on the lower surface of the round middle of the upper cover (53), the pressing block (54) abuts against the upper end of the limiting assembly (9), and the side end of the upper cover (53) is a square plate protruding outwards.
3. The numerically-controlled machine tool post-pulling type internal-expanding zero-displacement airtight detection clamp as recited in claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the threaded cover (31) is consistent with the outer diameter of the middle of the pull rod (3), each group of fixing blocks (32) is divided into two parts, the height of each fixing block (32) is lower than the lower surface of a processed part (8), a rotating shaft (33) penetrates through the middle of the arc-shaped upper end of each fixing block (32), and the four groups of fixing blocks (32) are distributed in a circumferential mode.
4. The numerically-controlled machine tool post-pulling type internal-expanding zero-displacement airtight detection clamp as recited in claim 1, wherein: spacing subassembly (9) are vertical form including knee (91) and torsional spring (94), the centre of knee (91), and the upper end of knee (91) is to the barb type of outside bending, and the lateral surface in the centre of knee (91) is provided with curved buffer block (92).
5. The numerically-controlled machine tool post-pulling type internal-expanding zero-displacement airtight detection clamp as recited in claim 4, wherein: the middle of the circular-arc lower end of the bent rod (91) is provided with a through hole, a rotating shaft (33) penetrates through the through hole, the width of the bent rod (91) is consistent with the distance between the two fixing blocks (32), a notch (93) is formed in the middle of the lower end of the bent rod (91), a torsion spring (94) is arranged in the notch (93), and the torsion spring (94) is wound on the rotating shaft (33).
6. The numerically-controlled machine tool post-pulling type internal-expanding zero-displacement airtight detection clamp as recited in claim 4, wherein: the rubber flexible expansion sleeve (4) is sleeved on the outer side of a vertical rod of the bent rod (91), the buffer block (92) abuts against the inner side face of the rubber flexible expansion sleeve (4), and the height of the buffer block (92) is consistent with that of the inner side face of a processed part (8).
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| CN202111670013.6A CN114354094B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Rear-pull type internal-expansion zero-displacement airtight detection clamp for numerical control machine tool |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111670013.6A CN114354094B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Rear-pull type internal-expansion zero-displacement airtight detection clamp for numerical control machine tool |
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| CN114354094B CN114354094B (en) | 2023-04-18 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116519225A (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-08-01 | 河北龙润管道集团有限公司 | T-shaped three-way pipe air tightness detection clamp |
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| CN114354094B (en) | 2023-04-18 |
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