CN114350956A - Method for enriching precious metals from lean materials - Google Patents

Method for enriching precious metals from lean materials Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114350956A
CN114350956A CN202111656299.2A CN202111656299A CN114350956A CN 114350956 A CN114350956 A CN 114350956A CN 202111656299 A CN202111656299 A CN 202111656299A CN 114350956 A CN114350956 A CN 114350956A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nickel
leaching
iron
noble metal
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202111656299.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN114350956B (en
Inventor
范兴祥
黄孟阳
孙丽达
吴娜
姜艳
杨坤彬
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honghe University
Original Assignee
Honghe University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honghe University filed Critical Honghe University
Priority to CN202111656299.2A priority Critical patent/CN114350956B/en
Publication of CN114350956A publication Critical patent/CN114350956A/en
Priority to NL2033810A priority patent/NL2033810B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN114350956B publication Critical patent/CN114350956B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/04Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
    • C22B3/06Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
    • C22B3/08Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/006Wet processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/005Preliminary treatment of scrap
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/02Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
    • C22B11/021Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/04Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
    • C22B11/042Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/04Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
    • C22B3/06Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
    • C22B3/10Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00General methods of reducing to metals
    • C22B5/02Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
    • C22B5/04Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by aluminium, other metals or silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/001Dry processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/005Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/006Wet processes
    • C22B7/007Wet processes by acid leaching
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F2009/001Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof from scrap particles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for enriching precious metals from a lean material, and belongs to the technical field of rare and precious metal recovery. Firstly, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride into a poor impurity material, selecting a wet method to leach out most of nickel preferentially, smelting leached slag by adopting a fire method, adding a slagging agent, a flux and iron or nickel oxide, taking metal silicon and ferrosilicon in the leached slag as natural reducing agents, and performing reduction reaction on the metal silicon and the ferrosilicon and iron oxide under a high-temperature smelting condition to generate silicon oxide, slagging and leaching so as to obtain a ferronickel alloy containing noble metal; atomizing and spraying powder on the nickel-iron alloy containing the noble metal to obtain nickel-iron alloy powder containing the noble metal, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride to leach metals such as nickel iron and the like in the nickel-iron alloy powder containing the noble metal to respectively obtain a noble metal concentrate and a leachate mainly containing ferrous chloride. The method has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency of precious metal capture, high comprehensive recovery rate, high enrichment ratio, environmental protection, low cost, mature main equipment and easy industrialization.

Description

Method for enriching precious metals from lean materials
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rare and precious metal recovery, and relates to a method for enriching precious metals from poor impurity materials.
Background
The lean materials contain various noble metal materials, have high value, belong to refractory materials in terms of combined phases, mainly contain metallic silicon Si, ferrosilicon FeSi, metallic nickel Ni and the like, and if direct pyrometallurgical smelting is adopted, the smelting temperature is higher, and the separation effect of alloy and slag is poor; and noble metals in the lean materials are complete in variety and low in grade, nickel exists in the form of metallic nickel, silicon exists in the form of metallic silicon and ferrosilicon, and the silicon is difficult to remove by a full wet method. If alkali is added for leaching, the effect is not good; if hydrofluoric acid is added, silicon and ferrosilicon can be dissolved, but a large amount of waste liquid is generated, the equipment is required to be basically a plastic reactor and the like, the volatilization of hydrofluoric acid and the corrosion of equipment, plants and the like are inevitable, and the waste liquid is difficult to treat. Therefore, a method for efficiently trapping and gathering precious metals from the poor impurity materials, which is simple to operate, high in comprehensive recovery rate, high in enrichment ratio, environment-friendly, low in cost and good in industrial application prospect, needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the method for efficiently trapping the precious metals enriched from the poor impurity materials, which has the advantages of simple operation, high comprehensive recovery rate, high enrichment ratio, environmental protection, low cost and good industrial application prospect.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for enriching noble metals from a lean material, comprising the following steps:
(1) leaching nickel by a wet method: crushing and grinding the poor impurity materials, adding dilute sulfuric acid, uniformly mixing with the materials, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride in batches, leaching at normal temperature for 2-6h, and filtering and washing to obtain leaching residues and leaching solution;
(2) fire smelting desilicication: smelting the leached slag by a pyrogenic process, adding a slagging agent, a flux and iron or nickel oxide, taking metal silicon and ferrosilicon in the leached slag as natural reducing agents, and carrying out reduction reaction on the metal silicon, the ferrosilicon and iron oxide under the condition of high-temperature smelting to generate silicon oxide and carry out slagging and removal so as to obtain a ferronickel alloy containing noble metal;
(3) further leaching the ferronickel enriched precious metals by a wet method: atomizing and spraying powder on the nickel-iron alloy containing the noble metal to obtain nickel-iron alloy powder containing the noble metal, adding dilute sulfuric acid and the nickel-iron alloy powder containing the noble metal to be uniformly mixed, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride in batches to leach metals such as nickel iron and the like in the nickel-iron alloy powder containing the noble metal, and filtering to respectively obtain a noble metal concentrate and a leaching solution mainly containing ferrous chloride.
The concentration of sulfuric acid in the step (1) is 20-50%, the addition amount is 3-6 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, and the addition amount of anhydrous ferric trichloride is 2-6 times of the weight of the poor impurity materials.
And (2) adding an oxide for smelting, wherein the oxide is one of nickel oxide or ferric oxide, the adding amount is 0.5-1.5 times of the weight of the leached slag, the slagging agent is lime, the adding amount of the lime is 0.1-0.5 times of the weight of the leached slag, the flux is one or more of borax, calcium fluoride or sodium carbonate, the adding amount is 0.1-0.5 times of the weight of the leached slag, the reduction smelting temperature is 1350-fold and 1450 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 0.5-1.5 hours.
The concentration of sulfuric acid in the step (3) is 20-50%, the adding amount is 3-6 times of the weight ratio of the powder containing the noble metal nickel-iron alloy, the adding amount of anhydrous ferric trichloride is 2-10 times of the weight ratio of the powder containing the noble metal nickel-iron alloy, and the leaching is carried out for 2-6 hours at normal temperature.
The basic principle of the invention is as follows:
(1) the chemical reaction equation of leaching nickel by adopting ferric trichloride is as follows:
Ni+2FeCl3=NiCl2+2FeCl2
(2) adding nickel oxide and ferric oxide as collecting agents in pyrometallurgy, and taking metal silicon and ferrosilicon as reducing agents; chemical reaction equation:
Si+2NiO=2Ni+SiO2 SiFe+2NiO=2Ni+Fe+SiO2 3Si+2Fe2O3=4Fe+3SiO2
3SiFe+2Fe2O3=7Fe+3SiO2
(3) adding FeCl3Ferronickel can be leached, and the chemical reaction equation is as follows: fe +2FeCl3=3FeCl2
Ni+2FeCl3=2FeCl2+NiCl2
The invention adds ferric trichloride into the poor impurity material containing noble metal to preferentially remove most of nickel, then adopts a fire smelting method, takes metal silicon and ferrosilicon as reducing agents, adds a slagging agent to enable silicon to generate silicon oxide to slagging and remove, and finally adopts a wet method to leach metals such as ferronickel and the like to obtain the enrichment. The invention has the following metal yield from raw materials to noble metals: pt is more than 98.5%, Pd is more than 93.4%, Rh is more than 89.0%, Ru is more than 87.2%, Ir is more than 99.3%, Au is more than 99.1%, and Ag is more than 96.4%; the enrichment multiple of the noble metal is 35-40 times, and the noble metal in the lean material: 100-200g/t of Pt, 40-80g/t of Pd, 50-90g/t of Rh, 800-1200g/t of Ru, 45-98g/t of Ir, 4-10g/t of Au and 120-180g/t of Ag, wherein the noble metal concentrate treated by the method comprises about 5000-7000g/t of Pt, 2400-3000g/t of Pd, 3500-3800g/t of Rh, 35000-38000g/t of Ru, 3000-4500g/t of Ir, 300-350g/t of Au and 5800-6300g/t of Ag.
The innovation points of the invention are mainly as follows:
(1) firstly, ferric trichloride is adopted to preferentially remove most of nickel, and the leaching rate of the nickel is more than 90%;
(2) the metallic silicon and ferrosilicon in the leached slag are used as reducing agents for smelting and reducing nickel oxide or iron oxide at high temperature, so that silicon is generated into silicon oxide for slagging and is removed, and the nickel or iron generated by reduction is called as a collector of noble metal;
(3) because the noble metal nickel-iron alloy has high hardness and is not easy to break, the noble metal nickel-iron alloy is atomized and sprayed to obtain powder containing the noble metal nickel-iron alloy, and then anhydrous ferric trichloride is added to leach metals such as nickel iron and the like in the powder containing the noble metal nickel-iron alloy, so that the leaching reaction speed is accelerated;
(4) in view of the low grade of the noble metal materials in the lean materials, the combination belongs to the materials which are difficult to process, the materials are directly smelted by a pyrogenic process, the smelting temperature is high, and the separation effect of the alloy and the slag is not good; the silicon is difficult to remove by a full wet method, and if alkali is added for leaching, the effect is poor; if hydrofluoric acid is added, silicon and ferrosilicon can be dissolved, but a large amount of waste liquid is generated, the equipment is required to be basically a plastic reactor and the like, the volatilization of hydrofluoric acid and the corrosion of equipment, plants and the like are inevitable, and the waste liquid is difficult to treat. The method is simple to operate, can realize the high-efficiency trapping of the noble metals Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Au and Ag, and has the advantages of high comprehensive recovery rate, high enrichment ratio, environmental protection and low cost; in addition, the flux involved in the method is low in price, the main smelting equipment is mature, and industrialization is easy to realize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method of enriching a precious metal from a lean material;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the present invention is given with reference to specific examples:
example 1
Referring to the drawings, (1) wet leaching of nickel: weighing 2000g of poor impurity materials, crushing and grinding, adding 20% of dilute sulfuric acid in an amount which is 5 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride in batches to leach nickel and iron, wherein the total addition amount is 2.5 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, leaching at normal temperature for 3 hours, and filtering and washing to obtain leaching residues and leaching liquid; the leaching rate of nickel in the leaching solution is 92.36 percent;
(2) fire smelting desilicication: uniformly mixing the leached slag with nickel oxide, a slagging agent and a flux, wherein the addition amount of the nickel oxide is 1.0 time of the weight of the leached slag, the addition amount of lime serving as the slagging agent is 0.35 time of the weight of the leached slag, the flux is calcium fluoride and sodium carbonate, the addition amounts of the calcium fluoride and the sodium carbonate are 0.2 time of the weight of the leached slag, the smelting temperature is 1400 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5 hours, so as to obtain a nickel-iron alloy melt and smelting slag;
(3) further leaching the ferronickel enriched precious metals by a wet method: atomizing and spraying powder to a ferronickel alloy melt to obtain precious metal-containing ferronickel powder, adding dilute sulfuric acid with the concentration of 25% to the ferronickel powder containing precious metals, mixing uniformly, adding the dilute sulfuric acid with the concentration of 3 times of the weight ratio of the ferronickel powder containing precious metals, adding anhydrous ferric chloride in batches to leach nickel and iron, wherein the total adding amount is 2 times of the weight ratio of the ferronickel powder containing precious metals, leaching at normal temperature for 3 hours, and filtering and washing to obtain a precious metal concentrate and a leaching solution; the leaching rates of nickel and iron in the leaching solution are 92.23% and 92.65%. From the poor impurity material to the precious metal enrichment, the precious metal enrichment multiple is 36.5 times, and the metal yield is as follows: 98.7% of Pt, 94.3% of Pd, 89.1% of Rh, 88.8% of Ru, 99.4% of Ir, 99.3% of Au and 96.9% of Ag.
Example 2
Referring to the drawings, (1) wet leaching of nickel: weighing 1000g of poor impurity materials, crushing and grinding, adding 25% dilute sulfuric acid in an amount which is 4 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride in batches to leach nickel, wherein the total addition amount is 3 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, leaching at normal temperature for 2 hours, and filtering and washing to obtain slag and leachate; the leaching rate of nickel in the leaching solution is 90.25 percent;
(2) fire smelting desilicication: uniformly mixing leaching slag, nickel oxide, a slagging agent and a flux, wherein the addition amount of the nickel oxide is 0.8 time of the weight of the leaching slag, the slagging agent is lime, the addition amount of the lime is 0.25 time of the weight of the leaching slag, the flux is borax and calcium fluoride, the addition amounts of the borax and the calcium fluoride are 0.3 time of the weight of the leaching slag, the smelting temperature is 1350 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1.0h, so as to obtain a ferronickel melt and smelting slag;
(3) further leaching the ferronickel enriched precious metals by a wet method: atomizing and spraying powder to a ferronickel alloy melt to obtain precious metal-containing ferronickel powder, adding dilute sulfuric acid with the concentration of 25% to the precious metal-containing ferronickel powder, uniformly mixing, adding the dilute sulfuric acid with the addition of 3 times of the weight ratio of the precious metal-ferronickel alloy powder, adding anhydrous ferric chloride in batches to leach nickel and iron, wherein the total addition is 2 times of the weight ratio of the precious metal-ferronickel alloy powder, leaching at normal temperature for 3 hours, and filtering and washing to obtain a precious metal concentrate and a leaching solution; the leaching rates of nickel and iron in the leaching solution are respectively 92.25% and 93.3%. From the poor impurity material to the precious metal enrichment, the precious metal enrichment multiple is 36.2 times, and the metal yield is as follows: 98.6% of Pt, 93.5% of Pd, 89.2% of Rh, 88.2% of Ru, 99.5% of Ir, 99.2% of Au and 96.6% of Ag.
Example 3
Referring to the drawings, (1) wet leaching of nickel: weighing 5000g of poor impurity materials, crushing and grinding, adding 30% dilute sulfuric acid in an amount which is 3 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride in batches to leach nickel and iron, wherein the total addition amount is 4 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, leaching at normal temperature for 4 hours, and filtering and washing to obtain slag and leachate; the leaching rate of nickel in the leaching solution is 96.11%;
(2) fire smelting desilicication: uniformly mixing the leached slag with iron oxide, a slagging agent and a flux, wherein the addition amount of the iron oxide is 1.0 time of the weight of the leached slag, the slagging agent is lime, the addition amount of the lime is 0.3 time of the weight of the leached slag, the flux is sodium carbonate and calcium fluoride, the addition amounts of the sodium carbonate and the calcium fluoride are 0.2 time of the weight of the leached slag, the smelting temperature is 1450 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5 hours, so as to obtain a ferronickel melt and smelting slag;
(3) further leaching nickel by a wet method: atomizing and spraying powder to obtain nickel-iron powder containing precious metals, adding 30% dilute sulfuric acid and the nickel-iron powder containing the precious metals, uniformly mixing, wherein the addition amount is 5 times of the weight ratio of the nickel-iron powder containing the precious metals, adding anhydrous ferric chloride in batches to leach nickel and iron, the total addition amount is 3 times of the weight ratio of the nickel-iron powder containing the precious metals, leaching at normal temperature for 4 hours, and filtering and washing to obtain a precious metal concentrate and a leaching solution; the leaching rates of nickel and iron in the leaching solution are 93.32% and 95.47%, respectively. From the poor impurity material to the precious metal enrichment, the precious metal enrichment multiple is 37.5 times, and the metal yield is as follows: 98.6% of Pt, 93.9% of Pd, 89.0% of Rh, 88.1% of Ru, 99.2% of Ir, 99.4% of Au and 96.9% of Ag.
Example 4
Referring to the drawings, (1) wet leaching of nickel: weighing 4000g of poor impurity materials, crushing and grinding, adding 35% of dilute sulfuric acid in an amount which is 4 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride in batches to leach nickel and iron, wherein the total addition amount is 3 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, leaching at normal temperature for 5 hours, and filtering and washing to obtain slag and leachate; the leaching rate of nickel in the leaching solution is 95.37 percent;
(2) fire smelting desilicication: uniformly mixing leaching slag, nickel oxide, a slagging agent and a flux, wherein the adding amount of the nickel oxide is 1.5 times of the weight of the leaching slag, the slagging agent is lime, the adding amount of the lime is 0.5 time of the weight of the leaching slag, the flux is sodium carbonate and borax, the adding amount of the sodium carbonate and the borax is 0.25 time of the weight of the leaching slag, the smelting temperature is 1450 ℃, and the heat is preserved for 1.0 hour to obtain a ferronickel melt and smelting slag;
(3) further leaching the ferronickel enriched precious metals by a wet method: atomizing and spraying powder to a ferronickel alloy melt to obtain precious metal-containing ferronickel powder, adding 35% dilute sulfuric acid and the precious metal-containing ferronickel powder, uniformly mixing, wherein the addition amount is 4.5 times of the weight ratio of the precious metal-containing ferronickel powder, adding anhydrous ferric chloride in batches to leach nickel and iron, the total addition amount is 4 times of the weight ratio of the precious metal-containing ferronickel powder, leaching at normal temperature for 5 hours, and filtering and washing to obtain a precious metal concentrate and a leaching solution; the leaching rates of nickel and iron in the leaching solution are 94.78% and 98.12% respectively. From the poor impurity material to the precious metal enrichment, the precious metal enrichment multiple is 38.0 times, and the metal yield is as follows: 99.1% of Pt, 94.5% of Pd, 89.1% of Rh, 88.3% of Ru, 99.5% of Ir, 99.3% of Au and 96.5% of Ag.
Example 5
Referring to the drawings, (1) wet leaching of nickel: weighing 2000g of poor impurity materials, crushing and grinding, adding 30% dilute sulfuric acid in an amount which is 5 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride in batches to leach nickel and iron, wherein the total addition amount is 4 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, leaching at normal temperature for 6 hours, and filtering and washing to obtain slag and leachate; the leaching rate of nickel in the leaching solution is 93.07%;
(2) fire smelting desilicication: uniformly mixing the leached slag with iron oxide, a slagging agent and a flux, wherein the addition amount of the iron oxide is 1.2 times of the weight of the leached slag, the slagging agent is lime, the addition amount of the lime is 0.4 times of the weight of the leached slag, the flux is sodium carbonate and borax, the addition amounts of the sodium carbonate and the borax are 0.3 times of the weight of the leached slag, the smelting temperature is 1400 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 1.5 hours, so as to obtain a ferronickel melt and smelting slag;
(3) further leaching the ferronickel enriched precious metals by a wet method: atomizing and spraying powder to obtain nickel-iron powder containing precious metals, adding 30% dilute sulfuric acid and the nickel-iron powder containing the precious metals, uniformly mixing, wherein the addition amount is 4.0 times of the weight ratio of the nickel-iron powder containing the precious metals, then adding anhydrous ferric chloride in batches to leach nickel and iron, the total addition amount is 5 times of the weight ratio of the nickel-iron powder containing the precious metals, leaching at normal temperature for 4.5 hours, and filtering and washing to obtain a precious metal concentrate and a leaching solution; the leaching rates of nickel and iron in the leaching solution are 93.52% and 95.64% respectively. From the poor impurity material to the precious metal enrichment, the precious metal enrichment multiple is 38.6 times, and the metal yield is as follows: 99.5% of Pt, 94.6% of Pd, 89.5% of Rh, 88.6% of Ru, 99.6% of Ir, 99.6% of Au and 96.8% of Ag.

Claims (4)

1. A method for enriching precious metals from a lean material, characterized by the following steps:
(1) leaching nickel by a wet method: crushing and grinding the poor impurity materials, adding dilute sulfuric acid, uniformly mixing with the materials, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride in batches, leaching at normal temperature for 2-6h, and filtering and washing to obtain leaching residues and leaching solution;
(2) fire smelting desilicication: smelting the leached slag by a pyrogenic process, adding a slagging agent, a flux and iron or nickel oxide, taking metal silicon and ferrosilicon in the leached slag as natural reducing agents, and carrying out reduction reaction on the metal silicon, the ferrosilicon and iron oxide under the condition of high-temperature smelting to generate silicon oxide and carry out slagging and removal so as to obtain a ferronickel alloy containing noble metal;
(3) further leaching the ferronickel enriched precious metals by a wet method: atomizing and spraying powder on the nickel-iron alloy containing the noble metal to obtain nickel-iron alloy powder containing the noble metal, adding dilute sulfuric acid and the nickel-iron alloy powder containing the noble metal to be uniformly mixed, adding anhydrous ferric trichloride in batches to leach metals such as nickel iron and the like in the nickel-iron alloy powder containing the noble metal, and filtering to respectively obtain a noble metal concentrate and a leaching solution mainly containing ferrous chloride.
2. A method of enriching a precious metal from a lean material according to claim 1, wherein: the concentration of sulfuric acid in the step (1) is 20-50%, the addition amount is 3-6 times of the weight ratio of the poor impurity materials, and the addition amount of anhydrous ferric trichloride is 2-6 times of the weight of the poor impurity materials.
3. A method of enriching a precious metal from a lean material according to claim 1, wherein: and (2) adding an oxide for smelting, wherein the oxide is one of nickel oxide or ferric oxide, the adding amount is 0.5-1.5 times of the weight of the leached slag, the slagging agent is lime, the adding amount of the lime is 0.1-0.5 times of the weight of the leached slag, the flux is one or more of borax, calcium fluoride or sodium carbonate, the adding amount is 0.1-0.5 times of the weight of the leached slag, the reduction smelting temperature is 1350-fold and 1450 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 0.5-1.5 hours.
4. A method of enriching a precious metal from a lean material according to claim 1, wherein: the concentration of sulfuric acid in the step (3) is 20-50%, the adding amount is 3-6 times of the weight ratio of the powder containing the noble metal nickel-iron alloy, the adding amount of anhydrous ferric trichloride is 2-10 times of the weight ratio of the powder containing the noble metal nickel-iron alloy, and the leaching is carried out for 2-6 hours at normal temperature.
CN202111656299.2A 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 Method for enriching noble metals from lean and heterogeneous materials Active CN114350956B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111656299.2A CN114350956B (en) 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 Method for enriching noble metals from lean and heterogeneous materials
NL2033810A NL2033810B1 (en) 2021-12-31 2022-12-22 Method for enriching precious metals from lean and miscellaneous materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111656299.2A CN114350956B (en) 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 Method for enriching noble metals from lean and heterogeneous materials

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114350956A true CN114350956A (en) 2022-04-15
CN114350956B CN114350956B (en) 2023-09-19

Family

ID=81104508

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111656299.2A Active CN114350956B (en) 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 Method for enriching noble metals from lean and heterogeneous materials

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114350956B (en)
NL (1) NL2033810B1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1718784A (en) * 2005-07-07 2006-01-11 孙涛 Method of recovery copper, nickel and noble metal in waste water and slag by combined technology of wet method and fire method
RU2352651C1 (en) * 2007-10-09 2009-04-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Томский политехнический университет Method of chlorine-ammonium extraction of oxides of copper and nickel of raw materials with its following separation
CN102994744A (en) * 2011-09-14 2013-03-27 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 Technology for processing lead copper matte by ferric chloride
CN107604170A (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-01-19 金川集团股份有限公司 A kind of method of separation and concentration noble metal in potassium cloride slag from low nickel matte
CN107641718A (en) * 2017-10-10 2018-01-30 东北大学 A kind of method by the nickeliferous mixing slag production with iron
WO2019243635A1 (en) * 2018-06-22 2019-12-26 Bernd Kunze Process for leaching noble metals from spent catalysts

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1718784A (en) * 2005-07-07 2006-01-11 孙涛 Method of recovery copper, nickel and noble metal in waste water and slag by combined technology of wet method and fire method
RU2352651C1 (en) * 2007-10-09 2009-04-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Томский политехнический университет Method of chlorine-ammonium extraction of oxides of copper and nickel of raw materials with its following separation
CN102994744A (en) * 2011-09-14 2013-03-27 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 Technology for processing lead copper matte by ferric chloride
CN107604170A (en) * 2017-08-25 2018-01-19 金川集团股份有限公司 A kind of method of separation and concentration noble metal in potassium cloride slag from low nickel matte
CN107641718A (en) * 2017-10-10 2018-01-30 东北大学 A kind of method by the nickeliferous mixing slag production with iron
WO2019243635A1 (en) * 2018-06-22 2019-12-26 Bernd Kunze Process for leaching noble metals from spent catalysts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL2033810B1 (en) 2024-02-07
CN114350956B (en) 2023-09-19
NL2033810A (en) 2023-07-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102952947B (en) Comprehensive recovery method of rare metals in waste circuit boards
CN103540756B (en) A kind of method processing waste and old neodymium iron boron material dissolution rare earth
Rao et al. Pressure leaching of selenium and tellurium from scrap copper anode slimes in sulfuric acid-oxygen media
CN102618721A (en) Method for extracting germanium, indium and zinc from high iron, silicon and manganese materials containing germanium, indium and zinc
CN105886769B (en) A kind of method that nitric acid dissolves more metal alloy material collection noble metals
CN111575491B (en) Resource comprehensive utilization method for purifying cobalt-nickel slag by zinc hydrometallurgy arsenic salt
CN104060106B (en) From bismuth-containing solution, extract bismuth with solvent extration and prepare the method for bismuth oxide
CN109234540B (en) Method for recovering valuable metals by synergistic treatment of copper slag and electroplating sludge
CN111187927A (en) Method for selectively sulfating and recovering rare earth in neodymium iron boron waste
CN110172570A (en) A kind of processing method of precious metals containing lead
CN102534236A (en) Method for recovering valuable metal from metallurgical slag materials
CN104388711A (en) Method for recovering rare earth by leaching rare earth oxide molten slag
CN113337725A (en) Method for enriching germanium from smelting slag
CN111733325A (en) Method for comprehensively recovering valuable metals from copper-based solid waste
CN102586584B (en) Method for selectively separating valuable metals from complex lead-containing precious metal material
CN111286600B (en) Method for efficiently recovering zinc and iron from zinc ferrite-containing material
CN102154553A (en) Method for removing iron and aluminum by autoxidation of iron-based waste material containing high-value elements
CN100497672C (en) Method for enriching noble metals from noble antimonial alloy
CN114350956B (en) Method for enriching noble metals from lean and heterogeneous materials
CN106399703A (en) Method for extracting Pb, In and Ag from indium-containing lead silver residues
CN206721311U (en) The system for handling metallurgical slag
CN105861836B (en) A method of collecting noble metal from more metal alloy materials
CN107312935A (en) A kind of processing method of reducing slag after lead anode slurry melting
CN108486392B (en) Method for improving indium leaching rate of indium-containing antimony-lead material
CN106222431A (en) Method for comprehensively recovering rare and dispersed noble metals from smelting furnace slag

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant