CN114350389A - High-value recycling process for aquatic weeds - Google Patents
High-value recycling process for aquatic weeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN114350389A CN114350389A CN202111074942.0A CN202111074942A CN114350389A CN 114350389 A CN114350389 A CN 114350389A CN 202111074942 A CN202111074942 A CN 202111074942A CN 114350389 A CN114350389 A CN 114350389A
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012075 bio-oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004317 Lyases Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
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- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application discloses a high-value water plant resource recycling process which comprises four processes of deep water plant dehydration, pyrolysis gasification, product purification and collection and product quality improvement. The detailed process flow is as follows: placing the salvaged waterweeds for 24-48 hours, then chopping, deeply dehydrating by using a dehydrating agent, and separating and recovering the dehydrating agent; feeding the obtained solid product into an oxygen-free or low-oxygen rotary kiln for continuous pyrolysis and gasification; condensing, separating, purifying and drying the obtained gas to respectively obtain synthetic gas and bio-oil, and collecting the obtained solid to obtain biochar; according to the actual requirements, the obtained product is subjected to quality improvement treatment, so that high-value resource utilization of the aquatic weeds is realized, and secondary pollution is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ecological water conservancy and renewable energy, and particularly relates to a high-value recycling process for waterweeds.
Background
Along with the enlargement of the urbanization construction scale and the rapid development of economy, the pollution of rivers and lakes is getting more serious day by day, a large amount of untreated or effectively untreated biological sewage and industrial and agricultural production wastewater are discharged into rivers, lakes and oceans, the eutrophication of water bodies is aggravated, the water plants grow excessively, the ecological balance of the water bodies is damaged, and the serious ecological environment problem is brought. In the face of this increasingly prominent environmental problem, physical fishing of aquatic weeds floating on the surface of a body of water is a major approach to the problem. But how to treat and dispose the salvaged aquatic weeds is an important problem facing river and lake treatment.
In spring, summer and autumn every year, the daily salvage amount of the aquatic weeds is huge and reaches millions of tons, the salvaged aquatic weeds are dumped into a refuse landfill, a gully or a water side depression, the aquatic weeds are stacked for a long time and are easy to rot to generate peculiar smell, and secondary pollution is also easy to generate through rainwater washing. However, because the waterweeds have the characteristics of high water content, high organic matter content, easiness in decay, heavy metal content and the like, how to fully recycle the waterweeds into resources on the basis of avoiding secondary pollution is a challenge at present, and changing waste into valuables is a problem.
In particular, although it is considered to dehydrate waterweeds regardless of the treatment method because of their high water content, most of the waterweeds are water bound with organic matter, which makes dehydration difficult, and the dehydration technique has a problem, and therefore means for subsequent resource utilization are limited. And at present, aiming at the treatment and disposal of the aquatic weeds, a large-scale process flow is also lacked, so that the patent proposes to provide a method which can realize the reasonable and efficient resource disposal of the aquatic weeds, avoid secondary pollution and realize the full utilization of resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: the application mainly provides a high-value aquatic weed recycling process, solves the technical problems of huge aquatic weed salvage amount, high water content, difficulty in dehydration, treatment and disposal, low resource utilization rate and the like in the prior art, and discloses a process comprising four flows of deep aquatic weed dehydration, gasification pyrolysis, product purification and collection and product quality improvement. Placing the salvaged waterweeds for 24-48 hours, then chopping, deeply dehydrating by using a dehydrating agent, and separating and recovering the dehydrating agent; feeding the obtained solid product into an oxygen-free or low-oxygen rotary kiln for continuous gasification and pyrolysis; condensing, separating, purifying and drying the obtained gas to respectively obtain synthetic gas and bio-oil, and collecting the obtained solid to obtain biochar; according to the actual requirements, the obtained product is subjected to quality improvement treatment, so that high-value resource utilization of the aquatic weeds is realized, and secondary pollution is avoided.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a process for recycling high-value water plants comprises four processes of deep dehydration of the water plants, pyrolysis gasification, product purification and collection and product quality improvement, wherein the salvaged water plants are placed for 24-48 hours, then are cut into pieces, are deeply dehydrated by a dehydrating agent, and are separated and recycled; feeding the obtained solid product into an oxygen-free or low-oxygen rotary kiln for continuous gasification and pyrolysis; condensing, separating, purifying and drying the obtained gas to respectively obtain synthetic gas and bio-oil, and collecting the obtained solid to obtain biochar; according to the actual demand, the obtained product is subjected to quality improvement treatment, so that high-value resource utilization of the aquatic weeds is realized, secondary pollution is avoided, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, pretreating the salvaged waterweeds for naturally placing for 24-48 hours, reducing the water content of the waterweeds to 70-85%, then cutting the waterweeds into 1-5cm, fully stirring the prepared dehydrating agent and the pretreated waterweeds in a container with the pressure of 0.1-0.8Mpa at the speed of 500 r/min for 40-60 min, stopping stirring when the water content of the waterweeds is reduced to 5-15%, boosting the pressure to normal pressure, recycling the dehydrating agent with the pressure of more than 80%, separating liquid from solid, and obtaining the solid deeply dehydrated waterweeds, and then entering a second step;
the second step is that: introducing N into a closed rotary kiln2Discharging more than 95% of air in the rotary kiln to realize an anaerobic or hypoxic state, setting the reaction temperature to be 300-600 ℃ according to the requirement of a product, allowing the solid deeply dehydrated waterweeds to enter the rotary kiln through a spiral feeder to be pyrolyzed and gasified after the reaction temperature is reached, controlling the feeding amount by the spiral feeder, and allowing the pyrolyzing and gasifying time of the waterweeds to be 10-30 min for the third step;
the third step: condensing, separating, purifying and drying the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis gasification to respectively obtain synthesis gas and bio-oil, and collecting solids to obtain biochar for use in the fourth step;
the fourth step: obtaining products of synthesis gas, bio-oil and biochar for direct use or upgrading according to actual application requirements; the synthesis gas is used in the preheated gas of the rotary kiln, or is connected into a civil gas pipe network of residents through deep purification, or is further cracked and reformed to obtain a higher-quality chemical product; the bio-oil is upgraded by further adding a catalyst to be used as biodiesel and ethanol; the biochar is used as a soil conditioner, an adsorbent for adsorbing heavy metal pollutants and a fuel according to the properties of the biochar, so that the biochar is further upgraded and partially or completely replaces commercial activated carbon;
the fifth step: the biochar of the aquatic weeds is directly applied to materials of river and lake bank dikes, heavy metal pollutants in rainwater and industrial and agricultural sewage are filtered, adsorbed and purified, meanwhile, the water absorption performance of the biochar is good for plant growth of the dikes, and ecological dikes are good for implementation.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the dehydrating agent in the first step is prepared by fully mixing 80-95% of active components and 5-15% of auxiliary components under the pressure of 0.1-0.8 Mpa.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the active component is L-DME, and separation and recovery can be realized after dehydration is completed.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the adjuvant component is an enzyme.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the enzyme is a lyase.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the pyrolysis gasification reaction furnace is a closed rotary kiln, the rotary kiln adapts to the heterogeneity of the aquatic weeds, blockage and blockage are avoided, the uniform pyrolysis gasification of the aquatic weeds is realized, the feeding rate of the aquatic weeds is timely adjusted by the screw feeder according to the operation condition of the reactor, and the sealing effect is achieved.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: and regulating the reaction temperature, the time in the reaction furnace and the content of oxygen according to the requirements to obtain products with different mass ratios, condensing, separating, purifying and drying.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the lyase is cellulase and/or pectinase.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the process for high-value recycling of the waterweeds has the following technical effects:
1. the deep dehydration can reduce the water content of the aquatic weeds to 15-5% under the micro-pressurization condition through the active ingredients and the auxiliary agents of the dehydrating agent. On one hand, compared with methods such as mechanical dehydration and drying dehydration, the method has stronger operability and can realize large-scale dehydration; on one hand, the dehydration apparatus is simple, and the dehydrating agent can realize more than 80 percent of recovery rate and has low cost; on the other hand, the method can realize the deep reduction of the water content under lower energy consumption and has high dehydration rate.
2. The pyrolysis gasification reaction furnace is a closed rotary kiln, can meet the unevenness of aquatic weeds, prevents stacking, caking and blocking, and is suitable for pyrolysis reaction of various aquatic weeds at the same time or one of the various aquatic weeds.
3. The process for high-value resource recycling of the aquatic weeds realizes deep dehydration of the aquatic weeds, provides more possibility for subsequent resource recycling of the aquatic weeds, can obtain different gas, liquid and solid products by controlling the reaction temperature, the reaction time, the oxygen content and the like of the rotary kiln, and provides possibility for wider application of the aquatic weeds by further upgrading. And aiming at the particularity of growth of aquatic plants, a factory can be built nearby on the bank of rivers and lakes, and the generated biochar is directly applied to dike protection, so that green dike protection and ecological dike protection are facilitated.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of high-value recycling of waterweed according to the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description will explain embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
A process for recycling high-value water plants comprises four processes of deep dehydration of the water plants, gasification pyrolysis, product purification and collection and product quality improvement, wherein the salvaged water plants are placed for 24-48 hours, then are cut into pieces, are deeply dehydrated by a dehydrating agent, and are separated and recycled; feeding the obtained solid product into an oxygen-free or low-oxygen rotary kiln for continuous gasification and pyrolysis; condensing, separating, purifying and drying the obtained gas to respectively obtain synthetic gas and bio-oil, and collecting the obtained solid to obtain biochar; according to the actual requirements, the obtained product is subjected to quality improvement treatment, so that high-value resource utilization of the aquatic weeds is realized, secondary pollution is avoided, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
the first step is as follows: selecting water hyacinth as a raw material, placing the salvaged water hyacinth for 36 hours under natural conditions, reducing the water content to 70-85%, chopping the water hyacinth to 1-5cm, selecting a dehydrating agent formed by mixing 95% of active ingredients and 5% of cellulase, mixing and stirring the dehydrating agent and the pretreated water hyacinth in a 0.6Mpa reactor at 200r/min for 40min, and then carrying out liquid-solid separation, wherein the obtained solid product is the deeply dehydrated waterweed, and the water content is 8%. Into the rotary kiln by N2Discharging all air, setting the reaction temperature to 400 ℃, setting a spiral feeder after the reaction temperature is reached, enabling the aquatic weeds to realize uniform-speed continuous feeding, staying in a furnace for 30min, and condensing pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis gasificationSeparating, purifying and drying to respectively obtain synthesis gas and bio-oil, collecting solids to obtain biochar, wherein the mass ratio of the obtained gas to the obtained liquid to the obtained solids is 2: 1: and 2, one path of the synthesis gas is used as preheating gas for heating the rotary kiln, the other path of the synthesis gas is used for producing hydrogen through cracking and reforming, the bio-oil is used as fuel to provide heat for heating the rotary kiln, and the biochar is used as a dike protection material.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A process for recycling high-value water plants is characterized by comprising four processes of deep dehydration of the water plants, pyrolysis gasification, purification and collection of products and quality improvement of the products, wherein the salvaged water plants are placed for 24-48 hours, then are cut into pieces, are deeply dehydrated by a dehydrating agent, and are separated and recycled; feeding the obtained solid product into an oxygen-free or low-oxygen rotary kiln for continuous gasification and pyrolysis; condensing, separating, purifying and drying the obtained gas to respectively obtain synthetic gas and bio-oil, and collecting the obtained solid to obtain biochar; according to the actual demand, the obtained product is subjected to quality improvement treatment, so that high-value resource utilization of the aquatic weeds is realized, secondary pollution is avoided, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, pretreating the salvaged waterweeds for naturally placing for 24-48 hours, reducing the water content of the waterweeds to 70-85%, then cutting the waterweeds into 1-5cm, fully stirring the prepared dehydrating agent and the pretreated waterweeds in a container with the pressure of 0.1-0.8Mpa at the speed of 500 r/min for 40-60 min, stopping stirring when the water content of the waterweeds is reduced to 5-15%, boosting the pressure to normal pressure, recycling the dehydrating agent with the pressure of more than 80%, separating liquid from solid, and obtaining the solid deeply dehydrated waterweeds, and then entering a second step;
the second step is that: introducing N into a closed rotary kiln2In a rotary kiln of more than 95 percent% of air is discharged to realize an anaerobic or low-oxygen state, the reaction temperature is set to be 300-600 ℃ according to the requirement of a product, the solid deeply dehydrated waterweeds enter the rotary kiln through the screw feeder to be pyrolyzed and gasified after the reaction temperature is reached, the feeding amount is controlled by the screw feeder, and the pyrolyzing and gasifying time of the waterweeds is 10-30 min for the third step;
the third step: condensing, separating, purifying and drying the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis gasification to respectively obtain synthesis gas and bio-oil, and collecting solids to obtain biochar for use in the fourth step;
the fourth step: obtaining products of synthesis gas, bio-oil and biochar for direct use or upgrading according to actual application requirements; the synthesis gas is used in the preheated gas of the rotary kiln, or is connected into a civil gas pipe network of residents through deep purification, or is further cracked and reformed to obtain a higher-quality chemical product; the bio-oil is upgraded by further adding a catalyst to be used as biodiesel and ethanol; the biochar is used as a soil conditioner, an adsorbent for adsorbing heavy metal pollutants and a fuel according to the properties of the biochar, so that the biochar is further upgraded and partially or completely replaces commercial activated carbon;
the fifth step: the biochar of the aquatic weeds is directly applied to materials of river and lake bank dikes, heavy metal pollutants in rainwater and industrial and agricultural sewage are filtered, adsorbed and purified, meanwhile, the water absorption performance of the biochar is good for plant growth of the dikes, and ecological dikes are good for implementation.
2. The process for high-value resource recycling of aquatic weeds of claim 1, wherein: the dehydrating agent in the first step is prepared by fully mixing 80-95% of active components and 5-15% of auxiliary components under the pressure of 0.1-0.8 Mpa.
3. The process for high-value resource recycling of aquatic weeds of claim 2, wherein: the active component is L-DME, and separation and recovery can be realized after dehydration is completed.
4. The process for high-value resource recycling of aquatic weeds of claim 2, wherein: the adjuvant component is an enzyme.
5. The process for high-value resource recycling of waterweeds as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the enzyme is a lyase.
6. The process for high-value resource recycling of aquatic weeds of claim 1, wherein: the pyrolysis gasification reaction furnace is a closed rotary kiln, the rotary kiln adapts to the heterogeneity of the aquatic weeds, blockage and blockage are avoided, the uniform pyrolysis gasification of the aquatic weeds is realized, the feeding rate of the aquatic weeds is timely adjusted by the screw feeder according to the operation condition of the reactor, and the sealing effect is achieved.
7. The process for high-value resource recycling of aquatic weeds of claim 1, wherein: and regulating the reaction temperature, the time in the reaction furnace and the content of oxygen according to the requirements to obtain products with different mass ratios, condensing, separating, purifying and drying.
8. The process for high-value resource recycling of waterweeds as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the lyase is cellulase and/or pectinase.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111074942.0A CN114350389A (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | High-value recycling process for aquatic weeds |
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| CN202111074942.0A CN114350389A (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | High-value recycling process for aquatic weeds |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115353900A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-11-18 | 河海大学 | Resource utilization method of macroalgae |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115353900A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-11-18 | 河海大学 | Resource utilization method of macroalgae |
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