CN114350129A - Full-bio-based high-degradation composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Full-bio-based high-degradation composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of modification of high molecular polymers, and particularly relates to a modification scheme of an injection-moldable and fully-degradable material. The invention provides a full-bio-based high-degradation composite material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of polylactic acid, 1-20 parts of bio-based polyamide 5101, 1-20 parts of talcum powder, 1-10 parts of toughening agent, 0.1-0.5 part of silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.1-0.5 part of surface treating agent. According to the invention, the polylactic acid, the bio-based polyamide 510 and the talcum powder are used as raw materials to realize biodegradation, and the toughening agent, the silane coupling agent, the antioxidant and the surface treating agent are used as composite additives to carry out material modification, so that the injection molding processability of a material system is improved, the mechanical strength is improved, the excellent biodegradability is realized, and the composite additives can be recycled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of modification of high molecular polymers, and particularly relates to a modification scheme of a full-bio-based high-degradation composite material.
Background
Biodegradable plastics refer to a class of plastics that are caused to degrade by the action of microorganisms that exist in nature. The ideal biodegradable plastic is a high molecular material which has excellent service performance, can be completely decomposed by environmental microorganisms after being discarded, and is finally inorganic to become a component of carbon circulation in nature. Biodegradable plastics are widely applied to various fields of daily necessities, packaging materials, agriculture, medical treatment and the like at present, but due to poor processability, difficult forming and the like, the application range of a single degradable material is narrow, so that the application range of the degradable material is greatly limited. Through the composite modification with the bio-based material, the mechanical property and the processing property of the material can be improved, and the material has high degradation capability, can be recycled to a certain extent, greatly improves the application range of the material, and also meets the requirement of environmental protection. There is a need to find suitable composite systems for improved purposes.
Various proposals have been used in the art to improve the comprehensive properties of polylactic acid plastics, such as biodegradable heat-shrinkable films composed of 1000 parts of polylactic acid 935-polyacrylamide, 1-50 parts of bio-based polyamide, 1-10 parts of opening agent and 1-5 parts of antioxidant; (application No. 202011091242.8A biodegradable heat shrinkable film with high transparency, and a preparation method and application thereof). In the injection molding process, the addition of the bio-based polyamide can improve the crystallinity of the polylactic acid, but the section picture of the blend observed under a scanning electron microscope has micropores and agglomeration phenomena, and the interface becomes clearer as the content of the bio-based polyamide increases, which shows that the blending compatibility of the two is poor, the mechanical property is difficult to improve, and the product is difficult to demould. If the polylactic acid is crystallized and promoted synchronously through a mineral powder system, the performance can be improved in the traditional sense by matching with the toughening agent, and the compatibility of the bio-based polyamide and the polylactic acid can be greatly improved, so that the mechanical impact property is further improved, the forming property is better, and the injection molding product is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a full-bio-based high-degradation composite material and a preparation method thereof based on the technical problems in the background art.
In order to solve the technical defects, the invention adopts a modified technical scheme, which specifically comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of polylactic acid, 1-20 parts of bio-based polyamide 5101, 1-20 parts of talcum powder, 1-10 parts of toughening agent, 0.1-0.5 part of silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.1-0.5 part of surface treating agent.
Preferably, the all-bio-based high-degradation composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-75 parts of polylactic acid, 3-15 parts of bio-based polyamide 5103, 10-20 parts of talcum powder, 3-10 parts of toughening agent, 0.1-0.5 part of silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.1-0.5 part of surface treating agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: drying polylactic acid at 50-70 ℃ for 2-4h, and drying bio-based polyamide 510 at 80-100 ℃ for 2-4 h;
s2: cooling the polylactic acid and the bio-based polyamide 510 dried in the step S1, and adding talcum powder, a toughening agent, a silane coupling agent, an antioxidant and a surface treating agent for uniform dispersion;
s3: extruding and granulating the mixed material in the S2;
s4: and (5) air-drying and cooling the manufactured material particles in the S3, and then waterproof packaging.
Preferably, the dispersing method in the S2 is to use a high-speed stirrer to stir and disperse, wherein the stirring speed is 3000r/min, the stirring time is 15min, and the temperature is 60-120 ℃.
Preferably, the granulation method in S3 is to use a double screw to extrude, the extrusion temperature is 180-220 ℃, and the rotation speed of a main machine is about 200-360 r/min.
Preferably, in S4, the manufactured material pellets are air-dried and cooled, and then packaged with an aluminum foil waterproof packaging bag as an inner liner.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the polylactic acid, the bio-based polyamide 510 and the talcum powder are used as raw materials to realize biodegradation, and the toughening agent, the silane coupling agent, the antioxidant and the surface treating agent are used as composite additives to carry out material modification, so that the processing performance of a material system is improved, the strength is improved, the impact mechanical property is better, and the biodegradability and the recycling property are excellent.
The crystallization effect and crystallization behavior of PLA are improved by adding the bio-based polyamide and the talcum powder, the resin and mineral powder system (talcum powder) has better compatibility through the toughening agent, the crystallization uniformity is improved, meanwhile, the toughness and strength of the material are improved by the bio-based polyamide and the toughening agent, the molding is smoother, and the material has certain recyclability.
When the proportion of the disposable recycled materials is 20%, the mechanical impact property of the material is hardly influenced.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments are further illustrative of the present invention, but the following embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent that the scope of the present invention is limited thereto, and all equivalent substitutions made by the idea of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a modification technical scheme of a full-bio-based high-degradation composite material, which specifically comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 59 parts of polylactic acid, 51010 parts of bio-based polyamide, 20 parts of talcum powder, 10 parts of toughening agent, 0.2 part of silane coupling agent, 0.3 part of antioxidant and 0.5 part of surface treating agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: sequentially weighing polylactic acid, bio-based polyamide 510, talcum powder, toughening agent, silane coupling agent, antioxidant and surface treating agent according to the proportion;
s2: drying the polylactic acid in S1 at 50-70 ℃ for 2-4h, and drying the bio-based polyamide 510 at 80-100 ℃ for 2-4 h;
s3: cooling the two polymers, taking out, putting into a high-speed stirrer, adding weighed talcum powder, toughening agent, silane coupling agent, antioxidant and surface treating agent, stirring at 3000r/min for 15min at 60-120 ℃;
s4: taking out the mixed material, placing the mixed material in a double screw for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature is 180 ℃ and 220 ℃, and the rotating speed of a main machine is about 200 ℃ and 360 r/min;
s5: and (3) air-drying and cooling the manufactured plastic particles, and then waterproof packaging to obtain the full-bio-based high-degradation composite material.
Example 2
The invention provides a modification technical scheme of a full-bio-based high-degradation composite material, which specifically comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of polylactic acid, 51020 parts of bio-based polyamide, 20 parts of talcum powder, 10 parts of toughening agent, 0.5 part of silane coupling agent, 0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.5 part of surface treating agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: sequentially weighing polylactic acid, bio-based polyamide 510, talcum powder, toughening agent, silane coupling agent, antioxidant and surface treating agent according to the proportion;
s2: drying the polylactic acid in S1 at 50-70 ℃ for 2-4h, and drying the bio-based polyamide 510 at 80-100 ℃ for 2-4 h;
s3: cooling the two polymers, taking out, putting into a high-speed stirrer, adding weighed talcum powder, toughening agent, silane coupling agent, antioxidant and surface treating agent, stirring at 3000r/min for 15min at 60-120 ℃;
s4: taking out the mixed material, placing the mixed material in a double screw for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature is 180 ℃ and 220 ℃, and the rotating speed of a main machine is about 200 ℃ and 360 r/min;
s5: and (3) air-drying and cooling the manufactured plastic particles, and then waterproof packaging to obtain the full-bio-based high-degradation composite material.
Example 3
The invention provides a modification technical scheme of a full-bio-based high-degradation composite material, which specifically comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of polylactic acid, 5101 parts of bio-based polyamide, 1 part of talcum powder, 1 part of toughening agent, 0.1 part of silane coupling agent, 0.1 part of antioxidant and 0.1 part of surface treating agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: sequentially weighing polylactic acid, bio-based polyamide 510, talcum powder, toughening agent, silane coupling agent, antioxidant and surface treating agent according to the proportion;
s2: drying the polylactic acid in S1 at 50-70 ℃ for 2-4h, and drying the bio-based polyamide 510 at 80-100 ℃ for 2-4 h;
s3: cooling the two polymers, taking out, putting into a high-speed stirrer, adding weighed talcum powder, toughening agent, silane coupling agent, antioxidant and surface treating agent, stirring at 3000r/min for 15min at 60-120 ℃;
s4: taking out the mixed material, placing the mixed material in a double screw for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature is 180 ℃ and 220 ℃, and the rotating speed of a main machine is about 200 ℃ and 360 r/min;
s5: and (3) air-drying and cooling the manufactured plastic particles, and then waterproof packaging to obtain the full-bio-based high-degradation composite material.
Comparative example 1
The invention provides a modification technical scheme of a full-bio-based high-degradation composite material, which specifically comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polylactic acid and 5105 parts of bio-based polyamide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: sequentially mixing polylactic acid and bio-based polyamide 510 according to the mixture ratio;
s2: drying the polylactic acid in S1 at 50-70 ℃ for 2-4h, and drying the bio-based polyamide 510 at 80-100 ℃ for 2-4 h;
s3: cooling the two polymers, taking out, placing into a high-speed stirrer, and stirring at 3000r/min for 15min at 60-120 deg.C;
s4: taking out the mixed material, placing the mixed material in a double screw for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature is 180 ℃ and 220 ℃, and the rotating speed of a main machine is about 200 ℃ and 360 r/min;
s5: and (3) air-drying and cooling the manufactured plastic particles, and then waterproof packaging to obtain the full-bio-based high-degradation composite material.
The highly degradable plastics obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were injection molded to obtain a certain type of electric toothbrush head, the moldability was examined, a quasi-mechanical sample bar was marked for testing, and 20% of the crushed material of the product was added for comparative experiments, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 summary of the properties of examples 1-3 and comparative example 1:
as can be seen from Table 1, the comparative example 1 has poor forming performance, cannot be demoulded smoothly, can produce a drawing phenomenon, and has the impact performance corresponding to the sample strip inferior to that of the material after composite modification; as the content of the bio-based polyamide increases, the impact of the product is also increased within the preferred range. As can be seen from comparison, the PLA resin subjected to composite modification has excellent mechanical properties after injection molding, the properties are greatly improved compared with those of the PLA resin prepared in the comparative example 1, the impact properties of the PLA resin are kept good after 20% of reclaimed materials are added, and the PLA resin is more excellent in injection molding properties and more suitable for production and application of injection molding products due to the fact that the co-blending system of the bio-based polyamide and the toughening agent is matched with the talcum powder and the auxiliary system of the auxiliary agent.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The full-bio-based high-degradation composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of polylactic acid, 1-20 parts of bio-based polyamide 5101, 1-20 parts of talcum powder, 1-10 parts of toughening agent, 0.1-0.5 part of silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.1-0.5 part of surface treating agent.
2. The all-bio-based high-degradation composite material according to claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-75 parts of polylactic acid, 3-15 parts of bio-based polyamide 5103, 10-20 parts of talcum powder, 3-10 parts of toughening agent, 0.1-0.5 part of silane coupling agent, 0.1-0.5 part of antioxidant and 0.1-0.5 part of surface treating agent.
3. The preparation method of any one of the full-bio-based high-degradation composite materials according to claims 1-2 comprises the following steps:
s1: drying polylactic acid at 50-70 ℃ for 2-4h, and drying bio-based polyamide 510 at 80-100 ℃ for 2-4 h;
s2: cooling the polylactic acid and the bio-based polyamide 510 dried in the step S1, and adding talcum powder, a toughening agent, a silane coupling agent, an antioxidant and a surface treating agent for uniform dispersion;
s3: extruding and granulating the mixed material in the S2;
s4: and (5) air-drying and cooling the manufactured material particles in the S3, and then waterproof packaging.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the dispersion in S2 is performed by stirring and dispersing with a high speed stirrer, wherein the stirring speed is 3000r/min, the stirring time is 15min, and the temperature is 60-120 ℃.
5. The preparation method of claim 3, wherein the granulation process in S3 is to use twin-screw extrusion, the extrusion temperature is 180-220 ℃, and the rotation speed of the main machine is about 200-360 r/min.
6. The method according to claim 3, wherein in S4, the manufactured material particles are cooled by air drying, and then packaged with an aluminum foil waterproof packaging bag as an inner liner.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116199972A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-06-02 | 青岛周氏塑料包装有限公司 | Environment-friendly bio-based material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102558798A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-11 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Polylacti acid compound material for vehicles and preparing method thereof |
| CN107141744A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-09-08 | 魏科峰 | A kind of PLA/polyamide boiomacromolecule alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110003629A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-12 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of biology base high-ductility poly (lactic acid) composition and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102558798A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-11 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Polylacti acid compound material for vehicles and preparing method thereof |
| CN107141744A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-09-08 | 魏科峰 | A kind of PLA/polyamide boiomacromolecule alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110003629A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-12 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of biology base high-ductility poly (lactic acid) composition and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116199972A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-06-02 | 青岛周氏塑料包装有限公司 | Environment-friendly bio-based material and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20220622 Address after: 314214 south side of building 6, No. 1889, jiuliting Avenue, Caoqiao street, Pinghu City, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: Zhejiang Lisu composite material Co.,Ltd. Address before: 314100 east side of plant 6, No. 11, Songhai Road, Huimin street, Jiashan County, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Applicant before: Lishu new material technology (Jiaxing) Co.,Ltd. |