CN114348824A - Elevator car noise reduction method and system and elevator - Google Patents
Elevator car noise reduction method and system and elevator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to an elevator car noise reduction method and system and an elevator. The elevator car noise reduction method comprises the following steps: obtaining elevator running information and an environmental noise signal; obtaining a vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model; determining a noise cancellation signal according to the environment noise signal, the vibration noise signal and a preset sound field attenuation model; the noise cancellation signal is used to reduce the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the ambient noise signal and the vibration noise signal. By adopting the method, the active noise reduction technology is equivalently adopted, and the noise cancellation signal is adjusted in real time according to the elevator running information, so that the noise reduction effect is favorably improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of elevator noise reduction, in particular to an elevator car noise reduction method and system and an elevator.
Background
An elevator, also known as a vertical elevator, is a transportation device that transports pedestrians or goods vertically. In the elevator operation process, the elevator car is usually in a closed state, so that more time can be reserved for noise generated in the car operation process, and the use experience and the safety of passengers are seriously reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to perform noise reduction processing on the elevator car.
Traditional elevator car method of making an uproar falls through increasing the clearance between the medium packing car wallboard such as soundproof cotton, or makes the car wallboard into the sandwich structure of multilayer, and in the soundproof cotton that will absorb external noise filled into the car wallboard, the degree that reduces external noise and spreads into the car through the wallboard, and then reaches the purpose of making an uproar. However, the conventional noise reduction method for the elevator car cannot reduce the noise generated by the mechanical vibration of the elevator.
Therefore, the traditional noise reduction method for the elevator car has the defect of poor noise reduction effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide an elevator car noise reduction method, an elevator car noise reduction system and an elevator, which can improve the noise reduction effect of the elevator car noise reduction method.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for reducing noise of an elevator car, comprising:
obtaining elevator running information and an environmental noise signal;
obtaining a vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model;
determining a noise cancellation signal according to the environment noise signal, the vibration noise signal and a preset sound field attenuation model; the noise cancellation signal is used for reducing the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the environment noise signal and the vibration noise signal.
In one embodiment, the elevator operation information includes speed and acceleration of the elevator car; the method for obtaining the vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model comprises the following steps:
determining motor torque information of the elevator car according to the speed and the acceleration of the elevator car;
determining a vibration signal of the car wall plate according to the motor torque information and the relationship between the motor torque and the vibration;
and obtaining a vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process according to the vibration signal and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model.
In one embodiment, after determining the vibration signal acting on the car wall plate according to the motor torque information and the relationship between the motor torque and the vibration, the method further includes:
determining a vibration quantity counteracting signal according to the vibration signal; the vibration quantity canceling signal is used for canceling a vibration signal component which may cause resonance of the interior component of the car in the vibration signal.
In one embodiment, before obtaining the vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model, the method further includes:
and establishing a vibration noise transfer relation model.
In one embodiment, the establishing a vibration noise transfer relationship model includes:
acquiring vibration noise signals in an elevator car under the action of vibration loads with different parameters;
and establishing a vibration noise transfer relation model according to the corresponding vibration noise signals under different parameters and vibration loads.
In one embodiment, before determining the noise cancellation signal according to the environmental noise signal, the vibration noise signal, and a preset sound field attenuation model, the method further includes:
and establishing a sound field attenuation model.
In one embodiment, the establishing the sound field attenuation model includes:
acquiring sound wave signals corresponding to noise signals with different frequencies;
performing algorithm fitting on the sound wave signal based on a time domain boundary element method to obtain an in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the sound wave signal;
and obtaining a sound field attenuation model according to the sound wave signal and the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the sound wave signal.
In one embodiment, after obtaining the vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model, the method further includes:
and acquiring an actual vibration signal in the running process of the elevator, and determining a vibration noise compensation parameter based on the actual vibration signal and the vibration noise signal.
In a second aspect, the present application provides an elevator car noise reduction system comprising: a controller, a speaker, a vibration generator, a vibration sensor, a sound receiving device, and a sound generating device; the controller is connected with the loudspeaker, the vibration generator, the vibration sensor, the sound receiving device and the sound generating device and is used for executing the method.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an elevator comprising the above-described elevator car noise reduction system.
According to the elevator car noise reduction method, the system and the elevator, the elevator running information and the environment noise signal are obtained, the vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process is obtained through prediction according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model, and then the noise cancellation signal is determined by combining the environment noise signal, the vibration noise signal and a preset sound field attenuation model so as to reduce the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the noise signal generated in the running process.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the conventional technologies of the present application, the drawings used in the descriptions of the embodiments or the conventional technologies will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of noise reduction for an elevator car in one embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a noise reduction method for an elevator car in another embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a process of modeling a vibration noise transfer relationship according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating the modeling of sound field attenuation in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a process of obtaining a vibration noise signal generated during an elevator operation process according to elevator operation information and a preset vibration noise transfer relationship model in an embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a noise reduction method for an elevator car in yet another embodiment;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an elevator car noise reduction system;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of an elevator car noise reduction system in another embodiment.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be connected to the other element through intervening elements. Further, "connection" in the following embodiments is understood to mean "electrical connection", "communication connection", or the like, if there is a transfer of electrical signals or data between the connected objects.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "includes" or "including," etc., specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.
Methods of noise reduction can be broadly classified into active noise reduction and passive noise reduction. The passive noise reduction mode is to absorb sound and reduce noise by physical materials, and the elevator generally adopts a passive noise reduction technology; the active noise reduction is realized by collecting external noise, generating reverse sound waves with the same amplitude as the noise according to the collected external noise, and neutralizing the noise, so that the noise reduction effect is realized. By adopting a passive noise reduction technology, on one hand, the elevator car wall plate needs to be structurally modified, and the cost is high; on the other hand, the method is only suitable for the condition of large gaps, wind tunnel noise generated by small gaps such as cavities for electric wiring cannot be reduced, noise generated by mechanical vibration of the elevator cannot be reduced, and the noise reduction effect is limited. And the vibration noise caused by the operation of the elevator cannot be reduced by adopting the traditional active noise reduction technology. Based on the above, the application provides an active noise reduction method for elevator noise reduction, which includes the steps of establishing a vibration noise transfer relation model and a sound field attenuation model of an elevator in advance, predicting to obtain a vibration noise signal generated in the elevator operation process according to elevator operation information and the preset vibration noise transfer relation model, determining a noise cancellation signal by combining the obtained environment noise signal and the preset sound field attenuation model, so as to reduce the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the environment noise signal and the vibration noise signal in the operation process, and improve the noise reduction effect.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided an elevator car noise reduction method including steps S200 to S600.
Step S200: and obtaining elevator running information and an environmental noise signal.
The elevator running information refers to real-time state information of an elevator in the running process, and specifically comprises position, load, up-down state information, running speed, running acceleration and the like of the elevator in an elevator shaft. The environmental noise signal refers to noise signals collected in the internal environment and the external environment of the elevator car by using a sound collecting device, and comprises wind sound in a shaft and noise generated by friction of the elevator car and airflow in the shaft.
Specifically, the controller may obtain elevator operation information from an elevator control system and an ambient noise signal from a sound collection device. Further, the specific way of acquiring the elevator running information and the ambient noise signal by the controller can be actively acquiring or passively receiving.
Step S400: and obtaining a vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model.
The vibration and noise transfer relation model is used for representing the transfer relation between vibration and noise. The operation noise signal refers to a noise signal generated by the operation of the elevator. Specifically, in the elevator operation process, the noise source mainly comprises wind noise in the well, noise generated by friction between the elevator car and airflow in the well, and noise generated by vibration of mechanical parts outside the car and driving the car to vibrate. Based on the method, various noises related to vibration generated in the elevator running process can be determined according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model, and a vibration noise signal is obtained through prediction.
Step S600: and determining a noise cancellation signal according to the environment noise signal, the vibration noise signal and a preset sound field attenuation model.
Wherein, the sound field attenuation model is used for representing the attenuation of sound in the transmission process. The noise cancellation signal is used for reducing the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the ambient noise signal and the vibration noise signal. Specifically, the controller can obtain the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the ambient noise signal according to the ambient noise signal and the preset sound field attenuation model, obtain the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the vibration noise signal according to the vibration noise signal and the preset sound field attenuation model, and determine the noise cancellation signal by combining the in-ear sound pressure responses. The controller is combined with the positions and the number of the loudspeakers to control the loudspeakers to output noise to offset reverse noise corresponding to the signals so as to reduce in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the noise signals generated in the operation process and achieve the purpose of noise reduction. It will be appreciated that the noise cancellation signal is of the same frequency and amplitude, and opposite phase, as the in-ear acoustic pressure response.
Furthermore, the controller can integrate various noises generated in the running process of the elevator to obtain a running noise signal, and then determine a noise offset signal according to the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the running noise signal; the method can also carry out phase shift respectively according to different types of running noise signals generated in the running process of the elevator, determine corresponding offset signals, and then carry out superposition integration on the different types of offset signals to obtain the noise offset signals.
According to the elevator car noise reduction method, the elevator running information and the environment noise signal are obtained, the vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process is obtained in a prediction mode according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model, and then the noise cancellation signal is determined by combining the environment noise signal, the vibration noise signal and a preset sound field attenuation model so as to reduce the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the noise signal generated in the running process; on the other hand, in the process of determining the noise cancellation signal, the attenuation of noise in the transmission process is also considered, so that the noise reduction effect of response to the sound pressure of the ear is further improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, before step S400, step S300 is further included: and establishing a vibration noise transfer relation model. Wherein step S300 may be performed before, after or in synchronization with step S200.
As described above, the vibration-noise transfer relationship model is used to characterize the transfer relationship between vibration and noise. Specifically, the establishment method of the vibration noise transfer relationship model is not unique. For example, a theoretical modeling mode can be adopted, a vibration noise transfer relation model is obtained according to the principle of noise caused by vibration and by combining elevator parameters, wherein the elevator parameters comprise the size, the number and the material of elevator car wall plates, the position of an elevator car and the like; the method can also adopt an experimental modeling mode, and a vibration noise transfer relation model is established by applying vibration loads with different parameters to the elevator car and detecting noise signals caused by vibration; a modeling mode combining theory and experiment can be adopted, a vibration transmission model is obtained based on elevator parameters, then vibration load is applied to an elevator car, noise signals caused by vibration are detected, attenuation values of wall plate vibration and the like in the vibration transmission model are set, and a vibration noise transmission relation model is obtained.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, step S300 includes step S320 and step S340.
Step S320: and acquiring vibration noise signals in the elevator car under the action of different parameter vibration loads.
Wherein a vibration load acts on the car wall. Specifically, can dispose vibration generator, to the vibration load of car wallboard output different frequency and amplitude to through setting up the inside sound receiving arrangement of car, gather the vibration noise signal in the elevator car under corresponding vibration load effect. Further, the specific mode of the controller for acquiring the vibration noise signals in the elevator car under the action of the vibration loads with different parameters can be actively acquired or passively received.
Step S340: and establishing a vibration noise transfer relation model according to the corresponding vibration noise signals under different parameters and vibration loads.
Specifically, the controller can fit the relationship between the vibration load and the vibration noise signal according to the obtained vibration noise signal and the vibration load corresponding to the vibration noise signal based on a statistical method, so as to establish a vibration noise transfer relationship model.
In the above embodiment, establish vibration noise transfer relationship model through the mode of experiment, be favorable to improving the accuracy of vibration noise transfer relationship model, and then improve the accuracy of running noise signal, promote the noise reduction effect.
In an embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 2, before step S600, step S500 is further included: and establishing a sound field attenuation model. The execution sequence of step S500 and steps S200 to S400 may be executed before, after, or synchronously.
As previously described, a sound field attenuation model is used to characterize the attenuation of sound during transmission. Specifically, the sound field attenuation model is not established in a unique manner. For example, a sound field attenuation model can be obtained by adopting a theoretical modeling mode according to the propagation principle of sound in a medium and combining elevator parameters, wherein the elevator parameters comprise the size, the number, the material and the like of elevator car wall plates; the method can also adopt an experimental modeling mode, and a sound field attenuation model is established by applying noise loads with different frequencies to the elevator car and detecting sound wave signals caused by the noise loads; and a modeling mode combining theory and experiment can be adopted, an initial sound field attenuation model is obtained based on elevator parameters, then noise load is applied to the elevator car, sound wave signals caused by the noise load are detected, attenuation values in the initial sound field attenuation model are set, a transmission model of the car to sound waves of various frequencies is determined, and the sound field attenuation model is obtained.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, step S500 includes steps S520 to S560.
Step S520: and acquiring sound wave signals corresponding to the noise signals with different frequencies.
Specifically, the sound generating device may be configured to generate a fixed frequency noise signal within a set frequency domain range at different positions inside and outside the car, and the sound receiving device may be configured to collect a sound wave signal corresponding to the noise signal after being propagated through the medium, and the controller may obtain the sound wave signal corresponding to the noise signal of different frequency from the sound receiving device. The set frequency range may be determined according to the frequency range of the actual noise signal generated when the elevator is in operation, and may be, for example, 10Hz to 2 kHz.
Further, the specific manner of acquiring the sound wave signals corresponding to the noise signals with different frequencies by the controller may be active acquisition or passive reception.
Step S540: and performing algorithm fitting on the sound wave signal based on a time domain boundary element method to obtain the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the sound wave signal.
The time domain boundary element method is a boundary element method for establishing a boundary integral equation based on a dynamic basic solution. Specifically, the controller can establish a finite element model of the car, input noise signals with different frequencies to the car as finite elements, perform algorithm fitting by using a time domain boundary element method, and analyze to obtain in-ear sound pressure responses transmitted by the sound wave signals to passengers.
Step S560: and obtaining a sound field attenuation model according to the sound wave signal and the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the sound wave signal.
Specifically, the sound wave signal and the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the sound wave signal are compared and fitted, and the attenuation parameter is continuously corrected, so that the sound field attenuation model in the noise propagation process of different frequencies in the set frequency domain range can be fitted.
It can be understood that when the sound generating device is arranged inside the car, the sound field attenuation model of the noise transmitted inside the car is obtained; when the sound generating device is disposed outside the car, a sound field attenuation model is obtained in which noise is transmitted from outside the car to inside the car. Based on the method, different sound field attenuation models can be established, corresponding cancellation signals are determined according to the corresponding sound field attenuation models respectively according to the types of the operation noise signals, and then the cancellation signals of different types are superposed and integrated to obtain the noise cancellation signals which are finally used for reducing the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the operation noise signals.
In the above embodiment, the sound field attenuation model is established in an experimental manner, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the sound field attenuation model, further improving the accuracy of the noise cancellation signal, and improving the noise reduction effect.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, after step S400, step S700 is further included: and acquiring an actual vibration signal in the running process of the elevator, and determining a vibration noise compensation parameter based on the actual vibration signal and the vibration noise signal. Step S700 may be performed before, after, or in synchronization with step S600, and similarly, step S700 may be performed before, after, or in synchronization with step S500.
The vibration noise signal refers to noise generated by driving the car to vibrate due to vibration of mechanical parts outside the car (such as vibration generated when a guide rail and a guide shoe are in friction, vibration generated when a steel wire rope and a rope pulley are in friction, or vibration generated when the elevator is accelerated and decelerated) in the running process of the elevator. The vibration noise compensation parameter is used for compensating a vibration noise signal obtained subsequently; the ambient noise compensation parameter is used for compensating the subsequently obtained ambient noise signal.
Specifically, as the number of times of elevator operation increases, mechanical parts such as cushion rubber are worn to some extent, the vibration attenuation value changes continuously, and the generated vibration changes accordingly. Based on the vibration signal, a vibration sensor can be configured to detect the actual vibration signal of the car wall plate in the running process of the elevator, and the actual vibration signal is compared with the vibration noise signal predicted in the step S400 to obtain the vibration noise compensation parameter. Therefore, in the subsequent noise reduction process, the obtained operation noise signal can be calibrated based on the compensation parameters, and the accuracy of the operation noise signal is improved.
Further, the specific manner in which the controller determines the vibration noise compensation parameter based on the actual vibration signal and the vibration noise signal is not unique. For example, the actual vibration signal and the vibration noise signal may be compared by difference or quotient to obtain the vibration noise compensation parameter. It should be understood that the difference or quotient calculation means calculating difference or quotient calculation for the frequency and amplitude of the signal to obtain the corresponding vibration frequency compensation parameter and vibration amplitude compensation parameter. And the vibration noise compensation parameter is a noise compensation parameter obtained finally after the vibration frequency compensation parameter and the vibration amplitude compensation parameter are synthesized.
In the above embodiment, through obtaining the actual vibration signal of elevator operation in-process to based on actual vibration signal and vibration noise signal, obtain vibration noise compensation parameter, can compensate the operation noise signal that the in-process obtained of making an uproar falls in the follow-up, be favorable to improving the accuracy of operation noise signal, further promote the noise reduction effect.
In one embodiment, the elevator operation information includes the speed and acceleration of the elevator car. In the case of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, step S400 includes steps S420 to S460.
Step S420: and determining motor torque information according to the speed and the acceleration of the elevator car.
The speed of the elevator car refers to the real-time speed of the car when the elevator runs. The acceleration of the elevator car refers to the real-time acceleration of the car when the elevator runs.
Further, the elevator is usually driven by a motor, the speed of the elevator car is positively correlated with the motor rotation speed, the acceleration of the elevator car is positively correlated with the motor acceleration speed, and the motor rotation speed and the acceleration reflect the motor torque. Based on this, the motor torque information of the elevator car can be determined according to the speed and the acceleration of the elevator car. In addition, the controller may also obtain motor torque information directly from the elevator control system.
Step S440: and determining a vibration signal of the car wall plate according to the motor torque information and the relationship between the motor torque and the vibration.
The relationship between the motor torque and the vibration can be determined in a mode of combining theory and experiment: firstly, establishing a car vibration mechanical model according to parameters and vibration transmission characteristics of all parts of a car; and then controlling a motor in the elevator to output sinusoidal moments with different frequencies, acquiring vibration signals actually transmitted to the car wall plate under the action of the sinusoidal moments with different frequencies through a vibration sensor arranged on the car wall plate, and fitting to obtain a moment vibration curve according to the sinusoidal moments with different frequencies and the corresponding vibration signals thereof based on a statistical method so as to perform parameter setting on a car vibration mechanical model to obtain the relation between the motor moment and the vibration signals transmitted to the car wall plate.
Specifically, according to the motor torque information and the relationship between the motor torque and the vibration, the vibration signal transmitted to the car wall plate under the action of the motor torque corresponding to the motor torque information can be determined.
Step S460: and obtaining a vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process according to the vibration signal and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model.
As described above, the vibration-noise transfer relationship model is used to characterize the transfer relationship between vibration and noise. Specifically, the vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process can be obtained according to the vibration signal and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model.
It should be noted that the vibration noise signals obtained in the above steps are all periodic signals containing frequency and amplitude information.
In the above embodiment, based on the motor torque information in the elevator car operation process, confirm the vibration noise signal, be favorable to improving the accuracy of vibration noise signal, and then promote the noise reduction effect.
In an embodiment, with continuing reference to fig. 5, after step S440, the method further includes step S450: a vibration quantity cancelling signal is determined based on the vibration signal. Wherein, step S450 may be performed before, after, or in synchronization with step S460.
The vibration quantity canceling signal is used for canceling a vibration signal component which may cause resonance of the car interior. Specifically, in the movement process of the elevator, components inside and outside the elevator car generate vibration of different degrees, and the vibration is transmitted to components inside the elevator car to cause the internal vibration of the elevator car. Generally, internal vibration is weak, and the generated noise is not enough to reach the lower limit of human hearing, but if the vibration causes resonance of the car interior, the noise in the car may increase. Based on the vibration signal and the resonance frequency of the internal components of the elevator car, the controller can separate out the vibration signal component with specific frequency in the vibration signal, determine a vibration quantity offset signal based on the vibration signal component, and control the vibration generator to output corresponding reverse vibration quantity to the elevator car wall plate according to the vibration quantity offset signal so as to assist in offsetting the vibration transmitted to the elevator car wall plate in the operation process of the elevator, thereby reducing the noise in the elevator car generated by the vibration of the elevator car wall and improving the noise reduction effect.
For the sake of understanding, the specific process of the elevator car noise reduction method will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 6.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the controller first obtains elevator parameters such as the size, number, and material of the elevator car wall plates, and the position of the elevator car, and establishes an initial sound field model and a vibration transmission model of the car according to the elevator parameters. After the initial model is established, on one hand, sound in a fixed frequency range is generated by using a sound wave generating device placed on the car roof or in the car, the waveform of a noise signal received by the car roof and the car is recorded by using a sound receiving device, the amplitude and the frequency of the noise signal are obtained, the amplitude and the frequency of the noise signal are used as finite elements, attenuation values in the initial sound field model are set, and a sound field attenuation model which is a transmission model of the car to sound waves with various frequencies is obtained. On the other hand, the elevator control system controls the main machine to transmit vibration loads with different frequencies to the elevator car, the vibration sensor collects vibration signals of the elevator car wall plate under the vibration loads with different frequencies, the sound receiving device collects noise sound waves under the vibration loads with different frequencies, and then the attenuation value in the vibration transmission model is set according to the vibration signals and the corresponding noise sound waves to obtain the vibration noise transmission relation model.
After the model is established, on one hand, the controller acquires running information such as the running speed, the position, the load and the like of the elevator, inputs the running information into the model and predicts a vibration noise signal which is possibly generated in the running process of the elevator; on the other hand, the controller obtains the environmental noise information detected by the sound receiving device. In addition, the vibration sensor detects external vibration and noise information, and compares an actual vibration signal obtained by detection with a vibration noise signal obtained by prediction in the previous period to determine a vibration noise compensation parameter of the current period. And generating a noise cancellation signal according to the vibration noise signal obtained by current prediction, the environment noise signal obtained by collection and the vibration noise compensation parameter of the current period. And finally, the loudspeaker is controlled to output reverse noise corresponding to the noise offset signal to the car, so that the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the environment noise signal and the vibration noise signal can be reduced, and the purpose of noise reduction is achieved.
According to the elevator car noise reduction method, the elevator running information and the environmental noise signal are obtained, the vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process is obtained in a prediction mode according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model, and then the noise cancellation signal is determined by combining the environmental noise signal and a preset sound field attenuation model so as to reduce the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the noise signal generated in the running process; on the other hand, in the process of determining the noise cancellation signal, the attenuation of noise in the transmission process is also considered, so that the noise reduction effect of response to the sound pressure of the ear is further improved. Moreover, the structural improvement on the car wall plate is not needed, and the cost is reduced.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts related to the embodiments as described above are sequentially displayed as indicated by arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed sequentially as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowcharts related to the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the execution order of the steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be rotated or alternated with other steps or at least a part of the steps or stages in other steps.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, there is provided an elevator car noise reduction system comprising: controller 100, speaker 200, vibration generator 300, vibration sensor 400, sound receiving device 500, and sound generating device 600. The controller 100 is connected to the speaker 200, the vibration generator 300, the vibration sensor 400, the sound receiving device 500, and the sound generating device 600, and is configured to perform the above-described noise reduction method for the elevator car.
The controller 100 may be a hardware module including various processing chips and peripheral circuits thereof and having a logic operation function. The processing chip may be a single chip, a DSP (Digital Signal processing) chip, or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) chip. The loudspeaker 200 is a transducer device for converting an electrical signal into an acoustic signal, and the specific type of the loudspeaker 200 is not exclusive, and may be, for example, an electrodynamic, electromagnetic or piezoelectric loudspeaker. The vibration generator 300 is a vibration generating device for generating vibration or exciting force and transmitting it to the test piece or structure. The vibration sensor 400 is a sensing device for detecting mechanical vibration. The vibration sensor 400 may be, in particular, a mechanical, optical or electrical vibration sensor. The sound receiving apparatus 500 is a hardware apparatus for receiving external sound and converting an acoustic signal into an electric signal. The sound receiving device 500 may be a moving coil, capacitive or electret sound receiving device. The sound generating device 600 is a signal generating device that can emit a signal similar to the natural sound energy density distribution.
Specifically, the speaker 200 is configured to output a noise reduction sound wave corresponding to the noise cancellation signal, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing noise. The vibration generator 300 is configured to generate a reverse vibration amount corresponding to the vibration amount offset signal to assist in offsetting vibration transmitted to the car wall plate during operation of the elevator, thereby reducing noise in the car caused by vibration of the car wall and improving noise reduction effect. The vibration sensor 400 is used for detecting an actual vibration signal of a car wall plate in the running process of the elevator, so that the controller 100 compares the actual vibration signal with a vibration noise signal obtained through prediction to obtain a vibration noise compensation parameter, and the noise reduction effect is further improved. The sound receiving device 500 is used for collecting noise sound waves under different parameter vibration loads and sound wave signals corresponding to noise signals with different frequencies after being transmitted through a medium in the process of establishing a model so as to facilitate the controller 100 to establish a vibration noise transfer relationship model and a sound field attenuation model; on the other hand, the device is used for collecting the environmental noise signals in the running process of the elevator. The sound generating apparatus 600 is used for generating a fixed frequency noise signal within a set frequency domain during the sound field attenuation model building process.
Further, the specific number and installation location of the above hardware devices are not unique. For example, the number of the speakers 200 may be one or more, and in the case that the number is multiple, the speakers may be disposed at different positions of the car (for example, 2 speakers may be disposed at the centers of the left side wall and the right side wall of the car, and at positions about 1.7m to 1.8m away from the ground), specifically, the controller 100 may determine the control signals corresponding to the different speakers according to the number and the installation positions of the speakers 200, so as to ensure that the noise reduction sound waves output by the speakers are superimposed, and may reduce the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the operation noise signal; the number of the vibration sensors 400 may be one or more, and in the case of a plurality of vibration sensors, the vibration sensors may be disposed at different positions of the car (for example, 4 vibration sensors may be disposed on the wall panels of the side wall, the front wall, and the rear wall of the car, respectively), and the controller 100 may determine the actual vibration signal of the car based on the vibration signals at different positions. The number of the sound receiving devices 500 may also be one or more, and in the case that the number is multiple, the sound receiving devices 500 may be disposed at different positions outside the car inside the car (for example, 12 sound receiving devices for detecting noise inside the car may be disposed at different positions of four corners inside the car, so as to establish a model, in the subsequent use process, 8 of the sound receiving devices may be removed, only four of the diagonal positions of the car are reserved, so as to collect an ambient noise signal, and in another example, 4 sound receiving devices for detecting noise outside the car may be disposed at four corners of the car roof), so that the controller 100 establishes sound field attenuation models inside the car and outside the car, respectively.
Above-mentioned elevator car noise reduction system through the corresponding hardware module of configuration, can adopt the initiative and fall the technology of making an uproar, offsets the signal according to elevator operation information real-time adjustment noise, is favorable to promoting the noise reduction effect.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the sound receiving device 500 includes an in-car noise sound reception microphone 510 and an out-car noise sound reception microphone 520. The controller 100 includes a control module 101, a car-roof sound a/D conversion module 102, a first filtering module 103, an in-car sound a/D conversion module 104, a second filtering module 105, a communication processing module 106, a vibration amount input module 107, a third filtering module 108, an inverse sound wave manufacturing module 109, an amplifier 110, a sound D/a conversion module 111, and a vibration amount D/a conversion module 112.
The microphone 520 for receiving noise outside the car is used for collecting an external noise analog signal of the elevator car and sending the external noise analog signal to the car top sound A/D conversion module 102. The car top sound a/D conversion module 102 is configured to convert an external noise analog signal into a digital signal, and the digital signal is low-pass filtered by the first filtering module 103 and then input to the control module 101. The microphone 510 for receiving noise in the car is used for collecting an internal noise analog signal of the elevator car and sending the internal noise analog signal to the sound a/D conversion module 104 in the car. The car top sound a/D conversion module 104 is configured to convert the internal noise analog signal into a digital signal, and the digital signal is low-pass filtered by the second filtering module 105 and then input to the control module 101. The vibration input module 107 is configured to perform a/D conversion on the vibration signal detected by the vibration sensor 400 to obtain a digital signal, and the digital signal is subjected to high-pass filtering processing by the third filtering module 108 and then input to the control module 101. The communication processing module 106 is used for communicating with the elevator control system to obtain elevator operation information and inputting the elevator operation information to the control module 101, and is used for communicating with the sound generating device 600 to send corresponding parameters of the fixed-frequency noise signal generated by the sound generating device 600 in the set frequency domain range to the control module 101.
The control module 101 is configured to establish a vibration noise transfer relationship model and an acoustic field attenuation model, analyze the frequency and amplitude of various noises actually heard by passengers in the car in the space of the car, and output the analyzed values to the inverse acoustic wave manufacturing module 109. The reverse sound wave manufacturing module 109 is configured to perform phase shift on vibration noise sound waves (such as sound waves caused by vibration of car walls or vibration of other components) that may exist in the car and are predicted by the control module 101, and environmental noise signals that are received by the control module 101 through the sound receiving device 500 and processed by the car interior sound a/D conversion module 104 and the second filtering module 105, respectively, so as to generate cancellation signals of the above-mentioned several types of noise, integrate the cancellation signals into a cancellation noise signal, and output the cancellation noise signal to the amplifier 110. The amplifier 110 is configured to further amplify the cancellation noise signal to enable the cancellation noise signal to be equivalent to a noise decibel level that can be heard by two ears of a passenger in the car, and output the cancellation noise signal to the sound D/a conversion module 111, so that the obtained cancellation noise signal is sent to the speaker 200, and the speaker 200 generates a corresponding noise reduction sound wave.
Further, the inverse sound wave manufacturing module 109 is further configured to generate a micro vibration amount signal with a phase opposite to that of the vibration amount data that the elevator may be subjected to according to the vibration amount data predicted by the control module 101, and output the micro vibration amount signal to the vibration amount D/a conversion module 112 for D/a conversion, and convert the micro vibration amount signal into an electric signal required by the vibration generator 300.
In the above embodiment, a specific hardware configuration of the controller 100 is provided, so that the structure is simple and the cost is low.
In one embodiment, an elevator is provided that includes the above-described elevator car noise reduction system. Further, the elevator also comprises an elevator control system, a motor, an elevator car and a running track thereof. The elevator car running track specifically comprises guide rails, guide shoes, a steel wire rope, a rope wheel and other parts. Specifically, the elevator control system changes the running state of the elevator car by controlling the working state of the motor, and the elevator car noise reduction system is used for realizing the elevator car noise reduction method described in the above method embodiment.
Above-mentioned elevator, configuration elevator car noise reduction system adopts the initiative and falls the technique of making an uproar, and the signal is offset to the real-time adjustment noise of operating information according to the elevator, is favorable to promoting noise reduction effect.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An elevator car noise reduction method, comprising:
obtaining elevator running information and an environmental noise signal;
obtaining a vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model;
determining a noise cancellation signal according to the environment noise signal, the vibration noise signal and a preset sound field attenuation model; the noise cancellation signal is used for reducing the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the environment noise signal and the vibration noise signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the elevator operation information includes a speed and an acceleration of an elevator car; the method for obtaining the vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process according to the elevator running information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model comprises the following steps:
determining motor torque information of the elevator car according to the speed and the acceleration of the elevator car;
determining a vibration signal of the car wall plate according to the motor torque information and the relationship between the motor torque and the vibration;
and obtaining a vibration noise signal generated in the elevator running process according to the vibration signal and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein after determining the vibration signal applied to the car wall panel based on the motor torque information and the relationship between motor torque and vibration, further comprising:
determining a vibration quantity counteracting signal according to the vibration signal; the vibration quantity canceling signal is used for canceling a vibration signal component which may cause resonance of the interior component of the car in the vibration signal.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein before obtaining the vibration noise signal generated during the operation of the elevator according to the elevator operation information and the preset vibration noise transfer relationship model, the method further comprises:
and establishing a vibration noise transfer relation model.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said modeling a vibrational-noise transfer relationship comprises:
acquiring vibration noise signals in an elevator car under the action of vibration loads with different parameters;
and establishing a vibration noise transfer relation model according to the corresponding vibration noise signals under different parameters and vibration loads.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein before determining a noise cancellation signal based on the ambient noise signal, the vibration noise signal, and a predetermined sound field attenuation model, further comprising:
and establishing a sound field attenuation model.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the establishing a sound field attenuation model comprises:
acquiring sound wave signals corresponding to noise signals with different frequencies;
performing algorithm fitting on the sound wave signal based on a time domain boundary element method to obtain an in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the sound wave signal;
and obtaining a sound field attenuation model according to the sound wave signal and the in-ear sound pressure response corresponding to the sound wave signal.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein after obtaining the vibration noise signal generated during the operation of the elevator according to the elevator operation information and a preset vibration noise transfer relation model, the method further comprises:
and acquiring an actual vibration signal in the running process of the elevator, and determining a vibration noise compensation parameter based on the actual vibration signal and the vibration noise signal.
9. An elevator car noise reduction system, comprising: a controller, a speaker, a vibration generator, a vibration sensor, a sound receiving device, and a sound generating device; the controller is connected to the loudspeaker, the vibration generator, the vibration sensor, the sound receiving device and the sound generating device for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An elevator, characterized in that it comprises an elevator car noise reduction system according to claim 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111679566.8A CN114348824B (en) | 2021-12-31 | Elevator car noise reduction method and system and elevator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111679566.8A CN114348824B (en) | 2021-12-31 | Elevator car noise reduction method and system and elevator |
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| CN1088179A (en) * | 1992-10-22 | 1994-06-22 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Elevator device |
| CN106185551A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-12-07 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Noise reducing method in lift appliance and car |
| CN107055237A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-08-18 | 广州广日电梯工业有限公司 | The Active noise control system and method for a kind of express elevator |
| CN113086794A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 广东卓梅尼技术股份有限公司 | Method and system for detecting personnel in elevator car |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1088179A (en) * | 1992-10-22 | 1994-06-22 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Elevator device |
| CN106185551A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-12-07 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Noise reducing method in lift appliance and car |
| CN107055237A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-08-18 | 广州广日电梯工业有限公司 | The Active noise control system and method for a kind of express elevator |
| CN113086794A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 广东卓梅尼技术股份有限公司 | Method and system for detecting personnel in elevator car |
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