CN114346644A - Disassembling and assembling device and disassembling and assembling method - Google Patents
Disassembling and assembling device and disassembling and assembling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114346644A CN114346644A CN202210008641.6A CN202210008641A CN114346644A CN 114346644 A CN114346644 A CN 114346644A CN 202210008641 A CN202210008641 A CN 202210008641A CN 114346644 A CN114346644 A CN 114346644A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dismounting device and a dismounting method, which aim to solve the problem that the matching surface of a traction spherical hinge and a frame of a bogie is easy to deform due to low precision control of mounting pressure and mounting speed in the manual dismounting process. The dismounting device comprises a dismounting platform, an installation pressure head, a dismounting pressure head and a detection assembly, wherein the dismounting platform is used for supporting a framework of the turned bogie; the mounting pressure head and the dismounting pressure head are respectively positioned above and below the mounting hole of the framework of the bogie and are respectively provided with a first pressure plate and a second pressure plate; the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate can be tightly propped against or separated from the traction spherical hinge; the detection assembly includes a speed detector and a pressure detector. The dismounting device provided by the invention can monitor the installation pressure and the installation speed in the installation process of the traction spherical hinge, avoid the extrusion deformation of the traction spherical hinge caused by overhigh speed and overlarge pressure and protect the matching surface of the traction spherical hinge and a framework of a bogie.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of traction spherical hinge assembly and disassembly of a framework of an air rail freight motor car bogie, and particularly relates to an assembly and disassembly device and an assembly and disassembly method.
Background
The air-rail freight train is a key carrying unit of a box-type cargo quick intelligent transfer system and is suitable for air transportation of various standard containers such as 20FT, 30FT, 40FT and 45 FT. The body of an air-rail freight train is suspended below the bogie by means of a traction ball joint, which is therefore the key traction and support mechanism of this type of bogie. Each bogie comprises 1 traction spherical hinge, and the traction spherical hinge is in interference fit with a mounting hole of a framework of the bogie.
At present, when a traction spherical hinge is installed on a framework of an air rail freight train bogie, the traction spherical hinge is generally positioned in a hand-held traction spherical hinge mode, and then a hydraulic jack is used for slowly pressing the traction spherical hinge into an installation hole of the framework of the bogie until the traction spherical hinge is completely positioned; in the installation process, the installation pressure and speed monitoring is realized by selecting a proper tonnage jack and manually nipping and timing. The existing manual assistance mounting mode has low mounting pressure and speed precision control, the end part is easy to deform due to extrusion, and the matching surface of the traction spherical hinge and the framework is easy to scratch, so that the service life of the traction spherical hinge is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a dismounting device and a dismounting method, which can monitor the mounting pressure and the mounting speed in the mounting process of the traction ball hinge, avoid the extrusion deformation of the traction ball hinge caused by too high speed and too high pressure, protect the matching surface of the traction ball hinge and a framework of a bogie, and prolong the service life of the traction ball hinge.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a dismounting device for mounting or dismounting a traction ball joint on a frame of a bogie having a mounting hole, the dismounting device comprising:
the dismounting platform is used for supporting the overturned framework so that the mounting hole of the framework is vertically arranged;
the mounting pressure head and the dismounting pressure head are connected to the dismounting platform, are respectively positioned above and below the mounting hole of the framework, and are respectively provided with a first pressure plate and a second pressure plate which can vertically reciprocate; the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate can be tightly propped against or separated from the traction spherical hinge so as to enable the traction spherical hinge to enter or leave the mounting hole of the framework;
the monitoring assembly is arranged on the mounting pressure head and comprises a speed detector and a pressure detector; the speed detector and the pressure detector are respectively used for detecting the moving speed of the first pressing plate and the pressure applied by the first pressing plate to the traction spherical hinge.
Furthermore, one side of the first pressing plate, which is close to the framework, is provided with a first protrusion, the traction spherical hinge is provided with a through hole, and the circumferential surface of the first protrusion is used for tightly pushing or separating from the inner wall of the through hole of the traction spherical hinge.
Further, the outer diameter of the first protrusion is sequentially reduced along the direction from the pressure plate to the traction spherical hinge.
Further, the periphery of the second pressing plate is provided with a second protrusion along the vertical direction, one side of the framework, which is close to the disassembling pressure head, is provided with a guide hole which is coaxially communicated with the mounting hole, a groove matched with the second protrusion is arranged in the guide hole of the framework, the second protrusion of the second pressing plate is embedded in the groove of the framework along the vertical direction in a sliding manner, and the second protrusion can be tightly or separately pushed against the traction ball hinge.
Furthermore, the mounting pressure head comprises a first telescopic piece, the dismounting pressure head comprises a second telescopic piece, and the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece are both connected to the dismounting platform; the telescopic ends of the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece are respectively connected with the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate.
Further, the dismouting device still includes: the mounting positioning plate is connected to the dismounting platform, is positioned above the framework and is provided with a positioning hole coaxially communicated with the mounting hole of the framework; the positioning hole of the mounting positioning plate is used for being sleeved outside the traction spherical hinge and the first pressing plate in a clearance mode.
Further, the dismouting device still includes: the disassembly positioning plate is connected to the disassembly platform, is positioned above the framework and is in threaded connection with a lead screw which is vertically arranged; the screw rod is used for tightly propping against the framework.
Further, the dismouting device still includes: the gantry is slidably connected to the disassembling platform along the length direction of the framework, and the mounting pressure head is slidably connected to the gantry along the width direction of the framework.
Further, the dismouting device still includes:
the first limiting block is connected with the dismounting platform and can be tightly propped against the gantry, so that the axis of the mounting pressure head is coplanar with the axis of the traction spherical hinge;
and the second limiting block is connected with the dismounting platform and can be tightly propped against the side part of the mounting pressure head so as to enable the mounting pressure head to be coaxial with the traction spherical hinge.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a disassembling and assembling method of the traction ball hinge, which is suitable for the disassembling and assembling device, and the disassembling and assembling method comprises the following steps:
placing the frame on a dismounting platform after overturning, wherein a mounting hole of the frame is vertically arranged, and a traction spherical hinge is coaxially arranged on the mounting hole of the frame;
the installation pressure head is arranged right above the traction spherical hinge, a first pressure plate of the installation pressure head moves downwards along the vertical direction, and the traction spherical hinge is pressed into an installation hole of the framework;
returning the mounting pressure head to finish the mounting of the traction spherical hinge;
moving a second pressure plate of a disassembling pressure head arranged below the framework upwards along the vertical direction, so that the second pressure plate is tightly propped against the traction spherical hinge, and the traction spherical hinge is propped out of the mounting hole of the framework;
and returning the assembled pressure head to finish the disassembly of the traction spherical hinge.
The beneficial effects of the invention at least comprise:
the dismounting device and the dismounting method provided by the invention are suitable for mounting or dismounting the traction spherical hinge on the framework of the bogie with the mounting hole. The disassembly and assembly platform is used for supporting the overturned framework, so that the mounting holes of the framework are vertically arranged; the mounting pressure head and the dismounting pressure head are connected to the dismounting platform, are respectively positioned above and below the mounting hole of the framework, and are respectively provided with a first pressure plate and a second pressure plate which can vertically reciprocate; the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate can be tightly propped against or separated from the traction spherical hinge so as to enable the traction spherical hinge to enter or leave the mounting hole of the framework; the detection assembly is arranged on the mounting pressure head and comprises a speed detector and a pressure detector; the speed detector and the pressure detector are respectively used for detecting the moving speed of the pressure plate and the pressure applied by the pressure plate to the traction spherical hinge. The installation process of the traction spherical hinge comprises the following steps: the framework of bogie upset to pull the mounting hole of the framework of bogie to the ball pivot location, the installation pressure head sets up in the top of the bogie of upset, first clamp plate along vertical downstream and with pull the top of ball pivot tight, along with first clamp plate continuation downstream, first clamp plate is pressing and is pulling the ball pivot and enter into the mounting hole from outside the mounting hole, then first clamp plate returns along vertical upward movement, accomplishes the installation of pulling the ball pivot. The traction spherical hinge dismounting process comprises the following steps: and the second pressing plate for dismounting the pressure head moves upwards along the vertical direction, the second pressing plate is tightly propped against the bottom of the traction ball hinge, along with the continuous upward movement of the second pressing plate, the second pressing plate enters into the mounting hole of the framework of the bogie and pushes the traction ball hinge out of the mounting hole of the framework of the bogie, and then the second pressing plate moves back downwards vertically, so that the traction ball hinge is dismounted. Because the speed detector and the pressure detector are arranged on the mounting pressure head, the moving speed and the applied pressure of the first pressure plate during the force application and mounting of the traction spherical hinge can be monitored, the mounting pressure and the mounting speed in the mounting process of the traction spherical hinge can be monitored, the pressure and the moving speed of the first pressure plate applied to the traction spherical hinge are adjusted according to the monitored mounting pressure and mounting speed, the extrusion deformation of the traction spherical hinge caused by overhigh speed and overlarge pressure is avoided, the matching surface of the traction spherical hinge and the framework of the bogie is protected, and the service life of the traction spherical hinge is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame and a traction ball joint of a bogie according to the embodiment.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the frame and the traction ball joint of the bogie in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the dismounting device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the installation pressure head of fig. 3 for installing a traction spherical hinge.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the disassembly ram of fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is a top view of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a side view of fig. 3.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the mounting positioning plate of fig. 4.
Fig. 10 is a top view of fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the disassembled positioning plate of fig. 8.
Fig. 12 is a top view of fig. 11.
Description of reference numerals:
100-framework, 110-mounting hole, 120-guide hole, 130-groove;
200-traction spherical hinge, 210-through hole;
300-a disassembly and assembly platform;
400-installing a pressure head, 410-a first pressure plate, 411-a first bulge and 420-a first telescopic piece;
500-disassembling the pressure head, 510-second pressure plate, 511-second protrusion, 520-second expansion piece;
600-installing a positioning plate and 610-positioning a hole;
700-a first support bar;
800-disassembling the positioning plate;
900-screw mandrel;
1000-gantry.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, the following detailed description of the present application is made with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 and 2 show the structure of the frame and the traction ball joint of the bogie, and in conjunction with fig. 1 and 2, the traction ball joint 200 mounted on the frame 100 of the bogie has a tubular column shape, the traction ball joint 200 is provided with a through hole 210, and the traction ball joint 200 is in interference fit with the mounting hole 110 of the frame 100 of the bogie. The traction spherical hinge 200 comprises an inner pipe, a middle pipe and an outer pipe, wherein the inner pipe, the middle pipe and the outer pipe are coaxially arranged from inside to outside in sequence, and the inner pipe and the outer pipe are made of steel materials, so that the rigidity of the traction spherical hinge 200 is ensured; the middle tube is made of rubber, so that the traction ball joint 200 has certain elasticity.
Fig. 3 to 12 show the structure of a dismounting device, and in combination with fig. 3 and 4, in one aspect, an embodiment of the invention provides a dismounting device suitable for mounting or dismounting a traction ball hinge 200 on a frame 100 of a bogie with a mounting hole 110, and the dismounting device comprises a dismounting platform 300, a mounting ram 400, a dismounting ram 500 and a detection assembly.
The dismounting platform 300 is used for supporting the frame 100 of the turning bogie, so that the mounting holes 110 of the frame 100 of the bogie are vertically arranged; the mounting pressure head 400 and the dismounting pressure head 500 are both connected to the dismounting platform 300, the mounting pressure head 400 and the dismounting pressure head 500 are respectively positioned above and below the mounting hole 110 of the frame 100 of the bogie, and are respectively provided with a first pressure plate 410 and a second pressure plate 510 which can reciprocate along the vertical direction; the first pressing plate 410 and the second pressing plate 510 can be pressed against or separated from the traction ball joint 200 so that the traction ball joint 200 enters or leaves the mounting hole 110 of the frame 100 of the bogie; a sensing assembly is provided on the mounting ram 400, the sensing assembly including a speed sensor and a pressure sensor; the speed detector and the pressure detector are respectively used for detecting the moving speed of the pressure plate and the pressure applied by the pressure plate to the traction spherical hinge 200.
The installation process of the traction spherical hinge 200 is as follows: the frame 100 of the bogie is turned over, the traction ball hinge 200 is positioned in the mounting hole 110 of the frame 100 of the bogie, the mounting pressure head 400 is arranged above the turned bogie, the first pressure plate 410 moves downwards along the vertical direction and is tightly propped against the top of the traction ball hinge 200, along with the continuous downward movement of the first pressure plate 410, the first pressure plate 410 presses the traction ball hinge 200 to enter the mounting hole 110 from the outside of the mounting hole 110, and then the first pressure plate 410 moves upwards along the vertical direction to retract, so that the mounting of the traction ball hinge 200 is completed. The process of disassembling the traction ball joint 200 is as follows: the second pressing plate 510 of the disassembling press head 500 moves upwards along the vertical direction, the second pressing plate 510 is tightly propped against the bottom of the traction ball joint 200, as the second pressing plate 510 continues to move upwards, the second pressing plate 510 enters the mounting hole 110 of the framework 100 of the bogie and pushes the traction ball joint 200 out of the mounting hole 110 of the framework 100 of the bogie, and then the second pressing plate 510 moves backwards vertically downwards, so that the disassembling of the traction ball joint 200 is completed. Because the installation pressure head 400 is provided with the speed detector and the pressure detector, the moving speed and the applied pressure of the first pressure plate 410 during the force application installation of the traction ball hinge 200 can be monitored, so that the installation pressure and the installation speed in the installation process of the traction ball hinge 200 can be monitored, the pressure and the moving speed of the first pressure plate 410 applied to the traction ball hinge 200 are adjusted according to the monitored installation pressure and installation speed, the extrusion deformation of the traction ball hinge 200 caused by overhigh speed and overlarge pressure is avoided, the matching surface of the traction ball hinge 200 and the framework 100 of the bogie is protected, and the service life of the traction ball hinge 200 is prolonged.
The first and second compression plates 410, 510 are each sized to be smaller than the diameter of the mounting hole 110 of the frame 100 of the truck so that the first and second compression plates 410, 510 can each enter the mounting hole 110 to interact with the hitch ball joint 200.
Further, in the present embodiment, with reference to fig. 3 to 5, a first protrusion 411 is disposed on a side of the first pressing plate 410 close to the frame 100 of the bogie, and a circumferential surface of the first protrusion 411 is used for abutting against or separating from an inner wall of the through hole 210 of the traction ball joint 200; in the installation process of the traction ball joint 200, the first protrusion 411 of the first pressing plate 410 is embedded into the through hole 210 of the traction ball joint 200, so that the first pressing plate 410 and the traction ball joint 200 can be prevented from moving relative to each other in the horizontal direction, and the stability of the installation process of the traction ball joint 200 is ensured. The first protrusion 411 may be formed in a ring shape, the first protrusion 411 may be formed in a cylindrical shape, or a plurality of first protrusions 411 may be formed in a radial shape with the axis of the first presser 410 as a center, which is not limited herein.
When the first protrusion 411 is disposed in a ring shape or a cylindrical shape, in the present embodiment, the outer diameter of the first protrusion 411 is sequentially reduced in a direction from the pressing plate to the traction ball joint 200, so that the first protrusion 411 of the first pressing plate 410 is inserted into the through hole 210 of the traction ball joint 200.
Further, in this embodiment, with reference to fig. 3, 4, 6 and 7, a second protrusion 511 along the vertical direction is disposed on the outer periphery of the second pressing plate 510, a guide hole 120 coaxially communicating with the mounting hole 110 is disposed on a side of the frame 100 of the bogie close to the detaching ram 500, a groove 130 matching with the second protrusion 511 is disposed in the guide hole 120 of the frame 100 of the bogie, the second protrusion 511 of the second pressing plate 510 is slidably embedded in the groove 130 of the frame 100 of the bogie along the vertical direction, and the second protrusion 511 can be abutted to or separated from the traction ball hinge 200. When the dismounting press head 500 moves vertically upwards to jack up the traction ball joint 200, the second protrusion 511 is embedded in the groove 130 of the frame 100 of the bogie in a sliding manner, so that a guiding effect can be achieved, and the stability of the dismounting process is improved. The second protrusion 511 may be provided in a plurality, for example 2, 3 or 4, and the recesses 130 of the frame 100 of the respective bogie are also provided in a corresponding number in the second protrusion 511. Of course, the radius of the outer side of the second protrusion 511 should be smaller than the outer diameter of the traction ball joint 200, otherwise the second protrusion 511 entering into the mounting hole 110 will rub against the wall of the mounting hole 110, which is not favorable for ejecting the traction ball joint 200. In addition, the diameter of the guide hole 120 of the frame 100 of the bogie is smaller than that of the mounting hole 110, so that a stepped stopper surface for limiting the mounting depth of the traction ball joint 200 is formed.
Further, in this embodiment, with reference to fig. 3 to 6, the mounting ram 400 may include a first telescopic member 420, the dismounting ram 500 may include a second telescopic member 520, and both the first telescopic member 420 and the second telescopic member 520 are connected to the dismounting platform; the telescoping ends of the first and second telescoping members 420 and 520 are connected to the first and second platens 410 and 510, respectively. First extensible member 420 can be the pneumatic cylinder, and second extensible member 520 also can be the pneumatic cylinder, and pressure is big, and flexible stable good, the precision is high. The vertical extension and contraction of the first pressing plate 410 and the vertical extension and contraction of the second pressing plate 510 can be achieved by the extension and contraction of the first extension and contraction member 420 and the second extension and contraction member 520, respectively.
The first telescopic part 420 adopts a hydraulic cylinder, the speed detector can adopt a displacement sensor, the monitoring end of the displacement sensor is connected to the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder, the detection head is arranged on the first pressing plate 410, the moving distance of the first pressing plate 410 is obtained by detecting the position of the first pressing plate 410, then the moving speed of the first pressing plate 410 is calculated according to the moving time, and the displacement sensor can adopt a laser displacement sensor; the displacement can adopt a laser displacement sensor to measure the distance between the measuring head and the pressure head in real time. The pressure detector may determine the pressure exerted by the first presser plate 410 on the traction ball joint 200 by detecting the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder, and then output through the control system. Through a pressure control loop of the hydraulic system, the pressure applied by the first telescopic member 420 can be subjected to functional control such as pressure regulation (pressure stabilization), pressure reduction, pressurization, unloading, pressure maintaining, balance and the like.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, with reference to fig. 9 and 10, the dismounting device may further include a mounting positioning plate 600, the mounting positioning plate 600 is connected to the dismounting platform 300, the mounting positioning plate 600 is located above the frame 100 of the bogie, and is provided with a positioning hole 610 coaxially communicating with the mounting hole 110 of the frame 100 of the bogie; the positioning hole 610 of the positioning plate 600 is used for being sleeved outside the traction ball hinge 200 and the first pressing plate 410 in a clearance manner. When the first pressing plate 410 vertically moves downwards to press the traction ball hinge 200, the positioning hole 610 for installing the positioning plate 600 can prevent the traction ball hinge 200 from jumping out of the installation hole 110 under the action of pressure, and the safety of the installation process is improved. The mounting positioning plate 600 can be connected to the mounting platform 300 through a plurality of first support rods 700, the mounting positioning plate 600 is mounted to the mounting platform 300 before the traction ball joint 200 is mounted, and the mounting positioning plate 600 can be dismounted after the traction ball joint 200 is mounted, so that the framework 100 of the bogie can be conveniently moved.
Further, in this embodiment, with reference to fig. 11 and 12, the dismounting device may further include a dismounting positioning plate 800 connected to the dismounting platform, located above the frame 100 of the bogie, and threadedly connected to a screw 900 disposed along the axial direction; the lower end of the screw 900 is used for abutting against the frame 100 of the bogie. When the traction ball joint 200 is disassembled, the second pressing plate 510 can jack up the traction ball joint 200 upwards and also can jack up the framework 100 of the bogie, and the disassembly positioning plate 800 and the screw rod 900 are arranged to prevent the framework 100 of the bogie from being jacked up in the disassembly process of the traction ball joint 200, so that the smooth operation of the disassembly process is ensured. Dismantle locating plate 800 can be connected on dismouting platform 300 through a plurality of second bracing pieces, when needs dismantle and pull ball pivot 200, will dismantle locating plate 800 and install to dismouting platform 300 on, dismantle when pulling ball pivot 200 and finish and also can dismantle locating plate 800 and demolish.
Further, in order to achieve the horizontal movement of the mounting ram 400, in this embodiment, in combination with fig. 8, the dismounting device may further include a gantry 1000 slidably connected to the dismounting platform along the length direction of the frame 100 of the bogie, and the mounting ram 400 slidably connected to the gantry 1000 along the width direction of the bogie. The gantry 1000 is a prior art, and can be driven by a motor to move in a horizontal direction, and a person skilled in the art can flexibly select the gantry according to needs, which is not described herein; the mounting ram 400 is slidably coupled along the width of the frame 100 of the truck, thereby enabling the first telescopic member 420 and the first pressing plate 410 to move in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, and ensuring that the first telescopic member 420 and the first pressing plate 410 are coaxially disposed with the mounting hole 110 of the frame 100 of the truck to which the traction ball joint 200 is to be mounted. The sliding connection between the first telescopic member 420 and the gantry 1000 can be realized by a gear and a rack, and is not limited in particular.
Further, in this embodiment, the dismounting device may further include a first limit block and a second limit block, the first limit block is connected to the dismounting platform 300 and can be tightly pressed against the gantry 1000, so that the axis of the mounting ram 400 is coplanar with the axis of the traction spherical hinge 200; the second limiting block is connected to the mounting and dismounting platform 300 and can be tightly propped against the side portion of the mounting pressure head 400, so that the mounting pressure head 400 is coaxial with the traction spherical hinge 200. When the gantry 1000 moves to the first limiting block to be tightly pushed, the axis of the installation pressure head 400 is coplanar with the axis of the traction spherical hinge 200, and then the installation pressure head 400 is moved to enable the installation pressure head 400 to be coaxial with the traction spherical hinge 200, so that the installation pressure head 400 can be accurately positioned to the traction spherical hinge 200. Of course. In other embodiments, the positions of the first stopper and the second stopper may also be set on the frame 100 of the bogie, and may be flexibly adjusted according to the target requirement, as long as the mounting of the pressure head 400 and the coaxial arrangement of the traction ball joint 200 can be achieved, which is not limited herein.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the invention also provides a method for disassembling and assembling the traction ball hinge, which is suitable for the disassembling and assembling device, and the method for disassembling and assembling the traction ball hinge comprises the following steps:
s1, the framework 100 of the bogie is turned over and then placed on the dismounting platform 300, the mounting hole 110 of the framework 100 of the bogie is vertically arranged, and the traction spherical hinge 200 is coaxially arranged on the mounting hole 110 of the framework 100 of the bogie;
the turning of the bogie mechanism can be realized by adopting a mechanical arm or other mechanisms capable of realizing turning, then the framework 100 of the bogie is placed on the dismounting platform 300 by utilizing lifting equipment, and the traction ball hinge 200 can be pressed down into the mounting hole 110 of the framework 100 of the bogie after the framework 100 of the bogie is turned; compare in the mounting hole 110 that will pull ball pivot 200 installation income bogie's framework 100 from the bottom upwards, this application adopts from the top down mode will pull in ball pivot 200 impresses mounting hole 110, under big pressure equipment power, the framework 100 of bogie is more stable, and it is simpler to pull ball pivot 200 installation process. In addition, the traction ball joint 200 is placed in front of the mounting hole 110, the inner diameter of the mounting hole 110 of the framework 100 of the bogie of the air rail freight train car and the outer diameter of the traction ball joint 200 are measured, a proper interference magnitude is selected by matching, and a proper amount of lubricating grease is smeared after the matching surface of the traction ball joint 200 and the mounting hole 110 is cleaned. The side of the frame 100 of the bogie close to the mounting ram 400 can be further provided with guide holes coaxially communicated with the mounting holes 110, and the diameters of the guide holes are sequentially increased along the direction far away from the mounting holes 110, so that the bottom of the traction ball hinge 200 is placed in the guide holes before press fitting, and the first press plate 410 is convenient to press down.
S2, arranging the mounting pressure head 400 right above the traction spherical hinge 200, enabling the first pressure plate 410 on which the pressure head 400 is arranged to move downwards along the vertical direction, pressing the traction spherical hinge 200 into the mounting hole 110 of the framework 100 of the bogie, and simultaneously detecting the moving speed of the first pressure plate 410 and the pressure acting on the traction spherical hinge 200;
the installation pressure head 400 can realize that the installation pressure head 400 and the traction spherical hinge 200 are coaxial by the movement of the gantry 1000 and the sliding of the installation pressure head 400, so that the installation pressure head 400 is positioned right above the traction spherical hinge 200; the hydraulic system is activated and the first presser plate 410 is actuated to press the hitch ball 200 into the mounting hole 110 of the frame 100 of the truck.
S3, retracting the installation pressure head 400 to complete the installation of the traction spherical hinge 200;
the mounting and positioning device, the first limiting block and the second limiting block can be detached in sequence.
S4, moving the second pressing plate 510 of the detaching ram 500 arranged below the frame 100 of the bogie upward along the vertical direction, so that the second pressing plate 510 is tightly pressed against the traction ball joint 200, and pushing the traction ball joint 200 out of the mounting hole 110 of the frame 100 of the bogie;
when the traction spherical hinge 200 is not installed properly, the installation positioning plate 600 is disassembled, the disassembly positioning plate 800 is installed, the microcomputer software unloading button is clicked, the disassembly pressure head 500 right below the frame 100 of the bogie is started, and the second pressure plate 510 of the disassembly pressure head 500 tightly pushes the traction spherical hinge 200 from bottom to top until the traction spherical hinge 200 is withdrawn out of the installation hole 110.
And S5, retracting the disassembling press head 500 to finish the disassembly of the traction spherical hinge 200.
The dismounting device and the dismounting method provided by the invention at least have the following advantages:
a. the dismounting method and the dismounting device can be suitable for dismounting the traction spherical hinge of the air rail freight motor car with different sizes, the production is rapidly converted, and the tooling investment is reduced.
b. The dismounting method and the dismounting device can realize the quick positioning, automatic assembly and dismounting of the framework of the bogie, improve the operation efficiency, reduce the labor intensity, reduce the accessory damage caused by improper assembly and prolong the service life of the traction spherical hinge.
c. The dismounting method and the dismounting device can realize real-time adjustment of the mounting speed and the mounting pressure according to the actual interference magnitude, thereby ensuring the mounting quality of the traction spherical hinge.
d. The dismounting method and the dismounting device can realize the visual monitoring of the mounting speed and the mounting pressure, assemble and record paper output and electronic storage, and are favorable for quality tracing.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. A device for mounting or dismounting a traction ball joint on a frame of a bogie having a mounting hole, the device comprising:
the dismounting platform is used for supporting the overturned framework so that the mounting hole of the framework is vertically arranged;
the mounting pressure head and the dismounting pressure head are connected to the dismounting platform, are respectively positioned above and below the mounting hole of the framework, and are respectively provided with a first pressure plate and a second pressure plate which can vertically reciprocate, and the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate can be tightly propped against or separated from the traction spherical hinge so as to enable the traction spherical hinge to enter or leave the mounting hole of the framework;
the monitoring assembly is arranged on the mounting pressure head and comprises a speed detector and a pressure detector, the speed detector is used for detecting the moving speed of the first pressure plate, and the pressure detector is used for detecting the pressure applied by the traction spherical hinge by the first pressure plate.
2. The dismounting device according to claim 1, wherein a first protrusion is disposed on a side of the first pressing plate close to the frame, the traction ball joint has a through hole, and a peripheral surface of the first protrusion is used for abutting against or separating from an inner wall of the through hole of the traction ball joint.
3. A mounting and dismounting device according to claim 2, wherein the outer diameter of said first protrusion decreases in the direction from said pressing plate to said traction ball joint.
4. The dismounting device according to claim 1, wherein a second protrusion is vertically disposed on an outer periphery of the second pressing plate, a guide hole coaxially communicated with the mounting hole is disposed on a side of the frame close to the dismounting pressing head, a groove matched with the second protrusion is disposed in the guide hole of the frame, the second protrusion of the second pressing plate is vertically slidably embedded in the groove of the frame, and the second protrusion can be tightly pressed against or separated from the traction ball hinge.
5. The disassembly and assembly device of claim 1, wherein the installation ram comprises a first telescoping member, the disassembly ram comprises a second telescoping member, and the first telescoping member and the second telescoping member are both coupled to the disassembly platform; the telescopic ends of the first telescopic piece and the second telescopic piece are respectively connected with the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate.
6. The device of claim 1, further comprising:
the mounting positioning plate is connected to the dismounting platform, is positioned above the framework and is provided with a positioning hole coaxially communicated with the mounting hole of the framework; the positioning hole of the mounting positioning plate is used for being sleeved outside the traction spherical hinge and the first pressing plate in a clearance mode.
7. The device of claim 1, further comprising:
the disassembly positioning plate is connected to the disassembly platform, is positioned above the framework and is in threaded connection with a lead screw which is vertically arranged; the screw rod is used for tightly propping against the framework.
8. A dismounting device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that said dismounting device further comprises:
the gantry is slidably connected to the disassembling platform along the length direction of the framework, and the mounting pressure head is slidably connected to the gantry along the width direction of the framework.
9. The device of claim 8, further comprising:
the first limiting block is connected with the dismounting platform and can be tightly propped against the gantry, so that the axis of the mounting pressure head is coplanar with the axis of the traction spherical hinge;
and the second limiting block is connected with the dismounting platform and can be tightly propped against the side part of the mounting pressure head so as to enable the mounting pressure head to be coaxial with the traction spherical hinge.
10. A method for disassembling a traction ball joint, which is applied to a disassembling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the disassembling method comprises:
placing the frame on a dismounting platform after overturning, wherein a mounting hole of the frame is vertically arranged, and a traction spherical hinge is coaxially arranged on the mounting hole of the frame;
the installation pressure head is arranged right above the traction spherical hinge, a first pressure plate of the installation pressure head moves downwards along the vertical direction, and the traction spherical hinge is pressed into an installation hole of the framework;
returning the mounting pressure head to finish the mounting of the traction spherical hinge;
moving a second pressure plate of a disassembling pressure head arranged below the framework upwards along the vertical direction, so that the second pressure plate is tightly propped against the traction spherical hinge, and the traction spherical hinge is propped out of the mounting hole of the framework;
and returning the disassembling pressure head to finish the disassembling of the traction spherical hinge.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210008641.6A CN114346644A (en) | 2022-01-05 | 2022-01-05 | Disassembling and assembling device and disassembling and assembling method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210008641.6A CN114346644A (en) | 2022-01-05 | 2022-01-05 | Disassembling and assembling device and disassembling and assembling method |
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| CN114346644A true CN114346644A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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| CN202210008641.6A Pending CN114346644A (en) | 2022-01-05 | 2022-01-05 | Disassembling and assembling device and disassembling and assembling method |
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| US20030217453A1 (en) * | 2002-05-21 | 2003-11-27 | Huenefeld James A. | Method and apparatus for disassembling a track chain |
| CN108534634A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-09-14 | 无锡市明鑫机床有限公司 | A kind of motor-car flywheel is pressed with thin cone sleeve and detects synchronizing device |
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