CN114345970B - High-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod and a preparation method thereof: (1) Refining the aluminum alloy cast ingot to remove oxides and impurities; pouring refined aluminum alloy molten metal into a crucible and preserving heat; (2) Atomizing aluminum alloy metal liquid in a crucible, spraying at high pressure, uniformly depositing, and quickly solidifying to form an aluminum alloy billet on a material bearing plate; (3) Heating the aluminum alloy billet to be semi-solid, and performing densification treatment and seamless aluminum alloy pipe extrusion forming by using a double-acting reverse extrusion process; (4) Acid washing is firstly carried out on the aluminum alloy pipe, and then sand blasting is carried out; (5) ultrasonically cleaning the aluminum alloy pipe; (6) carrying out supersonic flame thermal spraying on the aluminum alloy pipe; (7) carrying out heat treatment after spraying; (8) And heating the aluminum alloy pipe, impregnating the aluminum alloy pipe in a resin solution for hole sealing, and obtaining the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod. The preparation method is simple, the production efficiency is high, and the prepared drill rod has the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, salt spray corrosion resistance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drill pipes, in particular to a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill pipe and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As the development of oil and gas gradually progresses to depth, the development difficulty of exploration and development is gradually increased due to the appearance of deep wells, ultra-deep wells and high-pressure wells, and the core of a series of well completion problems faced by the development is the material selection of a well completion string. Because high temperature and high pressure wells and ultra high pressure and high temperature wells generally have severe bottom hole temperatures, pressures and CO-containing 2 、H 2 S and Cl - And under complex corrosion working conditions, high-strength corrosion-resistant petroleum pipes are urgently needed. The aluminum alloy drill rod has the advantages of low density, high specific strength, acid corrosion resistance, long fatigue life and the like, is one of main structural materials for solving the problems of safe and efficient drilling of ultra-deep wells, large-displacement wells, high-sulfur-content complex wells and the like, has wide application prospect in the field of petroleum exploration drilling, and is a hot spot for researching the current high-performance oil well pipe materials.
The aluminum alloy drill rod is applied to the drilling field of few developed countries such as the United states and Russia for decades, however, the petroleum industry and the geological industry in China are developed after the country is built, although a plurality of large oil fields are developed, the geological exploration industry is also greatly improved, but the drill rod used for drilling almost completely adopts a steel drill rod, the research start of the aluminum alloy drill rod is late, and the research and development time is short. The existing aluminum alloy drill rod is mainly imported, so that development of drilling and production industry in China is greatly limited, and therefore the independent research and development of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod is of great significance in guaranteeing high efficiency, safety and sustainability of oil and gas resource exploration and development in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the problems of low hardness, poor wear resistance and poor Cl resistance of the existing aluminum alloy drill rod - The invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod with simple preparation process and high production efficiency, and the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod prepared by the method has the characteristics of high strength, high hardness, salt spray corrosion resistance and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps:
(1) Refining and pouring aluminum alloy: refining the 7xxx series aluminum alloy cast ingot to remove oxides and impurities in the cast ingot; then, the refined aluminum alloy molten metal is quickly poured into a crucible for spray forming and is kept warm; refining the 7xxx series aluminum alloy cast ingot by a vacuum melting furnace;
(2) Spray forming: aluminum alloy metal liquid in the crucible is subjected to four stages of atomization, high-pressure spraying, uniform deposition and rapid solidification to form aluminum alloy billets with fine grains on a material bearing plate;
(3) Double-action backward extrusion: heating the aluminum alloy billet to be semi-solid, and then adopting a double-acting backward extrusion process to carry out densification treatment and extrusion forming on the seamless aluminum alloy pipe;
(4) Surface pickling and sand blasting: pickling the aluminum alloy pipe, removing surface oxide skin, and then performing sand blasting treatment to roughen the surface;
(5) Ultrasonic cleaning: carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the aluminum alloy pipe with the roughened surface to remove surface impurities;
(6) Supersonic flame thermal spraying: carrying out ultrasonic flame thermal spraying on the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to ultrasonic cleaning to form a thermal spraying coating;
(7) And (3) heat treatment: performing T6 heat treatment on the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating;
(8) Hole sealing treatment: and heating the aluminum alloy pipe after heat treatment, and then impregnating the aluminum alloy pipe in a resin solution to carry out hole sealing to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill pipe.
The preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod provided by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process, high production efficiency, high yield strength and tensile strength of the prepared aluminum alloy drill rod, and obvious corrosion resistance in a salt spray environment. The invention provides a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod with 600 MPa-level yield strength.
Further, the preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps: refining and pouring the aluminum alloy in the step (1): refining the 7xxx series aluminum alloy cast ingot, and removing oxides and impurities in the cast ingot by adopting aluminum yttrium alloy as a refining agent; then pouring the refined aluminum alloy molten metal into crucible equipment for injection molding rapidly and preserving heat at 650-750 ℃; wherein the 7xxx series aluminum alloy is 7075 or 7055.
Further, the preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps: and (2) spray forming: the high-pressure injection adopts inert gas of 1-2MPa, the deposition rate is 10-50Kg/h, and the grain size of the aluminum alloy billet is 10-15 mu m.
Further, the preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps: step (3) the double-acting reverse extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extrusion temperature is 550-650 ℃, the extrusion force is 1500-3000MPa, the extrusion ratio is 15-25, and the extrusion speed is 8-20mm/s.
Further, the preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps: step (4) surface pickling and sand blasting: pickling the aluminum alloy pipe by using pickling solution to remove surface oxide skin, and then performing sand blasting treatment to roughen the surface; wherein the pickling solution is prepared from HCl, HNO 3 The aluminum alloy pipe is prepared according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the pickling time is stopped when bubbles are generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe; after sand blastingThe surface roughness of the aluminum alloy pipe is 3-5 mu m.
Further, the preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps: and (5) ultrasonic cleaning: placing the aluminum alloy pipe in ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface impurities; wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 100-200Hz, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 15-20 minutes.
Further, the preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps: step (6) supersonic flame thermal spraying: carrying out ultrasonic flame thermal spraying on the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to ultrasonic cleaning to form a thermal spraying coating; wherein the volume ratio of propane to oxygen is 2:3, the spraying distance is 200-240mm, the spraying powder is Ni60, the particle size of the powder is 10-40 μm, the powder feeding amount is 25-50g/min, and the thickness of the obtained Ni60 coating is 0.3-0.5mm.
Further, the preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps: and (7) heat treatment: and carrying out T6 heat treatment on the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 450-500 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 2-5 hours.
Further, the preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps: and (8) hole sealing treatment: and heating the aluminum alloy pipe to 100-150 ℃ after heat treatment, and then impregnating the aluminum alloy pipe in a phenolic resin solution for 1-2 hours to carry out hole sealing, so as to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod.
According to the preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod, provided by the invention, a spray forming technology is adopted to quickly solidify and refine crystal grains, so that the crystal grains are effectively refined to prepare fine crystal grain ingot blanks with average grain diameters of about 10-15 mu m, and the grain boundary interfaces are clear and have no precipitate; the injection additive manufacturing blank is precisely shaped through semi-solid processing, and the high performance of the injection additive manufacturing blank is maintained; the Ni60 coating thermally sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy drill rod has good bonding strength, corrosion resistance and wear resistance with an aluminum alloy matrix, can radically solve the urgent need of the advanced aluminum alloy drill rod in China at present, and also provides a new thought and method for designing and manufacturing novel high-performance ultra-high-strength 7xxx series aluminum alloy structural materials.
The high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method. The invention provides a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod with 600 MPa-level yield strength; the prepared aluminum alloy drill rod has the advantages of high strength (high yield strength and tensile strength), high hardness, salt spray corrosion resistance (obvious corrosion resistance in a salt spray environment) and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod with 600 MPa-level yield strength, which adopts spray forming and double-action reverse extrusion technologies, and the formed aluminum alloy is a seamless pipe, has high yield strength and tensile strength, fundamentally solves the problems of low elastic modulus and poor rigidity of the current aluminum alloy drill rod, and meets the requirements of ultra-deep well and inclined well drilling on the mechanical properties of the drill rod.
(2) The invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod with 600 MPa-level yield strength, which establishes a high-strength corrosion-resistant protective layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy drill rod by utilizing a supersonic flame thermal spraying process, wherein the coating is firmly combined with an aluminum alloy matrix, and the coating is opposite to Cl - The corrosion resistance is remarkable, the problem that the existing aluminum alloy drill rod is not resistant to salt corrosion is solved, and the service life of the aluminum alloy drill rod is prolonged.
(3) The preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod with the yield strength of 600MPa provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, high production efficiency, environment friendliness and small environmental pollution, and overcomes the defects of high cost and large environmental pollution of the corrosion-resistant technology of the aluminum alloy drill rod in the prior art.
(4) The high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod prepared by the method has the advantages of high strength, high hardness, high wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, the tensile strength reaches 692MPa, the yield strength reaches 643MPa, the corrosion potential is-0.4V, and the surface hardness is 750HV.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a SEM image of a cross-section of a drill pipe matrix of a high strength corrosion resistant aluminum alloy and a Ni60 coating prepared in example 6 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps:
(1) Refining and pouring aluminum alloy: refining the 7055 aluminum alloy cast ingot by a vacuum melting furnace, and removing oxides and impurities in the cast ingot by adopting aluminum-yttrium alloy as a refining agent; then pouring the refined aluminum alloy molten metal into a crucible for injection molding rapidly, and preserving heat at 650 ℃ for later use;
(2) Spray forming: the aluminum alloy metal liquid flowing out of the crucible is atomized, sprayed at high pressure, uniformly deposited and quickly solidified by adopting argon with the pressure of 2MPa, the deposition rate is 50Kg/h, and cylindrical aluminum alloy billets with the grain size of 10-15 mu m are formed on a material bearing plate;
(3) Double-action backward extrusion: heating the aluminum alloy billet subjected to spray forming to 650 ℃ (semi-solid state), and then carrying out densification treatment and seamless aluminum alloy pipe extrusion forming by adopting a double-acting backward extrusion process, wherein the extrusion force is 1500MPa, the extrusion ratio is 15, and the extrusion speed is 8mm/s;
(4) Surface pickling and sand blasting: the pickling solution is adopted to carry out the treatment on the aluminum alloy pipePickling to remove surface oxide skin, and then performing sand blasting to roughen the surface; wherein the pickling solution is prepared from HCl, HNO 3 The aluminum alloy pipe is prepared according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the pickling time is stopped when bubbles are generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe; the roughness of the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe after the sand blasting treatment is 3-5 mu m;
(5) Ultrasonic cleaning: placing the aluminum alloy pipe with roughened surface in ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface impurities; wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 100Hz, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 15 minutes;
(6) Supersonic flame thermal spraying: carrying out ultrasonic flame thermal spraying on the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to ultrasonic cleaning to form a thermal spraying coating; the volume ratio of propane to oxygen is 2:3 when the ultrasonic flame thermal spraying is carried out, the spraying distance is 240mm, the spraying powder is Ni60, the particle size of the powder is 20 mu m, the powder feeding amount is 50g/min, and the thickness of the obtained Ni60 coating (namely the thermal spraying coating) is 0.4mm;
(7) And (3) heat treatment: t6 heat treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating, the heat treatment temperature is 460 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 2 hours;
(8) Hole sealing treatment: and (3) after heat treatment, the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating is heated to 150 ℃, and then is impregnated in a phenolic resin solution for 2 hours to carry out hole sealing, so that the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod is obtained.
Example 2
A preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps:
(1) Refining and pouring aluminum alloy: refining the 7055 aluminum alloy cast ingot by a vacuum melting furnace, and removing oxides and impurities in the cast ingot by adopting aluminum-yttrium alloy as a refining agent; then pouring the refined aluminum alloy molten metal into a crucible for injection molding rapidly, and preserving heat at 650 ℃ for later use;
(2) Spray forming: the aluminum alloy metal liquid flowing out of the crucible is atomized, sprayed at high pressure, uniformly deposited and quickly solidified by adopting argon with the pressure of 2MPa, the deposition rate is 50Kg/h, and cylindrical aluminum alloy billets with the grain size of 10-15 mu m are formed on a material bearing plate;
(3) Double-action backward extrusion: heating the aluminum alloy billet subjected to spray forming to 650 ℃ (semi-solid state), and then adopting a double-acting reverse extrusion process to carry out densification treatment and seamless aluminum alloy pipe extrusion forming, wherein the extrusion force is 2000MPa, the extrusion ratio is 20, and the extrusion speed is 15mm/s;
(4) Surface pickling and sand blasting: pickling the aluminum alloy pipe by using pickling solution to remove surface oxide skin, and then performing sand blasting treatment to roughen the surface; wherein the pickling solution is prepared from HCl, HNO 3 The aluminum alloy pipe is prepared according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the pickling time is stopped when bubbles are generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe; the roughness of the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe after the sand blasting treatment is 3-5 mu m;
(5) Ultrasonic cleaning: placing the aluminum alloy pipe with roughened surface in ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface impurities; wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 150Hz, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 15 minutes;
(6) Supersonic flame thermal spraying: carrying out ultrasonic flame thermal spraying on the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to ultrasonic cleaning to form a thermal spraying coating; the volume ratio of propane to oxygen is 2:3 when the ultrasonic flame thermal spraying is carried out, the spraying distance is 220mm, the spraying powder is Ni60, the particle size of the powder is 25 mu m, the powder feeding amount is 35g/min, and the thickness of the obtained Ni60 coating (namely the thermal spraying coating) is 0.4mm;
(7) And (3) heat treatment: t6 heat treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating, the heat treatment temperature is 480 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 2 hours;
(8) Hole sealing treatment: and (3) after heat treatment, the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating is heated to 150 ℃, and then is impregnated in a phenolic resin solution for 1 hour to carry out hole sealing, so that the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod is obtained.
Example 3
A preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps:
(1) Refining and pouring aluminum alloy: refining the 7075 aluminum alloy cast ingot by a vacuum melting furnace, and removing oxides and impurities in the cast ingot by adopting aluminum-yttrium alloy as a refining agent; then pouring the refined aluminum alloy molten metal into a crucible for injection molding rapidly, and preserving heat at 700 ℃ for later use;
(2) Spray forming: the aluminum alloy metal liquid flowing out of the crucible is atomized, sprayed at high pressure, uniformly deposited and quickly solidified by adopting argon with the pressure of 2MPa, the deposition rate is 30Kg/h, and cylindrical aluminum alloy billets with the grain size of 10-15 mu m are formed on a material bearing plate;
(3) Double-action backward extrusion: heating the aluminum alloy billet subjected to spray forming to 650 ℃ (semi-solid state), and then adopting a double-acting reverse extrusion process to carry out densification treatment and seamless aluminum alloy pipe extrusion forming, wherein the extrusion force is 3000MPa, the extrusion ratio is 25, and the extrusion speed is 20mm/s;
(4) Surface pickling and sand blasting: pickling the aluminum alloy pipe by using pickling solution to remove surface oxide skin, and then performing sand blasting treatment to roughen the surface; wherein the pickling solution is prepared from HCl, HNO 3 The aluminum alloy pipe is prepared according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the pickling time is stopped when bubbles are generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe; the roughness of the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe after the sand blasting treatment is 3-5 mu m;
(5) Ultrasonic cleaning: placing the aluminum alloy pipe with roughened surface in ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface impurities; wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 100Hz, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 20 minutes;
(6) Supersonic flame thermal spraying: carrying out ultrasonic flame thermal spraying on the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to ultrasonic cleaning to form a thermal spraying coating; the volume ratio of propane to oxygen is 2:3 when the ultrasonic flame thermal spraying is carried out, the spraying distance is 200mm, the spraying powder is Ni60, the particle size of the powder is 15 mu m, the powder feeding amount is 25g/min, and the thickness of the obtained Ni60 coating (namely the thermal spraying coating) is 0.3mm;
(7) And (3) heat treatment: t6 heat treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating, the heat treatment temperature is 480 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 3 hours;
(8) Hole sealing treatment: and (3) after heat treatment, the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating is heated to 120 ℃, and then is impregnated in a phenolic resin solution for 1.5 hours to carry out hole sealing, so that the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod is obtained.
Example 4
A preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps:
(1) Refining and pouring aluminum alloy: refining the 7055 aluminum alloy cast ingot by a vacuum melting furnace, and removing oxides and impurities in the cast ingot by adopting aluminum-yttrium alloy as a refining agent; then pouring the refined aluminum alloy molten metal into a crucible for injection molding rapidly, and preserving heat at 750 ℃ for later use;
(2) Spray forming: the aluminum alloy metal liquid flowing out of the crucible is atomized, sprayed at high pressure, uniformly deposited and quickly solidified by adopting argon with the pressure of 1MPa, the deposition rate is 20Kg/h, and cylindrical aluminum alloy billets with the grain size of 10-15 mu m are formed on a material bearing plate;
(3) Double-action backward extrusion: heating the aluminum alloy billet subjected to spray forming to 650 ℃ (semi-solid state), and then adopting a double-acting reverse extrusion process to carry out densification treatment and seamless aluminum alloy pipe extrusion forming, wherein the extrusion force is 2000MPa, the extrusion ratio is 15, and the extrusion speed is 20mm/s;
(4) Surface pickling and sand blasting: pickling the aluminum alloy pipe by using pickling solution to remove surface oxide skin, and then performing sand blasting treatment to roughen the surface; wherein the pickling solution is prepared from HCl, HNO 3 The aluminum alloy pipe is prepared according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the pickling time is stopped when bubbles are generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe; the roughness of the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe after the sand blasting treatment is 3-5 mu m;
(5) Ultrasonic cleaning: placing the aluminum alloy pipe with roughened surface in ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface impurities; wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 200Hz, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 15 minutes;
(6) Supersonic flame thermal spraying: carrying out ultrasonic flame thermal spraying on the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to ultrasonic cleaning to form a thermal spraying coating; the volume ratio of propane to oxygen is 2:3 when the ultrasonic flame thermal spraying is carried out, the spraying distance is 230mm, the spraying powder is Ni60, the particle size of the powder is 40 mu m, the powder feeding amount is 30g/min, and the thickness of the obtained Ni60 coating (namely the thermal spraying coating) is 0.5mm;
(7) And (3) heat treatment: t6 heat treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating, the heat treatment temperature is 500 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 4 hours;
(8) Hole sealing treatment: and (3) after heat treatment, the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating is heated to 130 ℃, and then is impregnated in a phenolic resin solution for 1 hour to carry out hole sealing, so that the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod is obtained.
Example 5
A preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps:
(1) Refining and pouring aluminum alloy: refining the 7055 aluminum alloy cast ingot by a vacuum melting furnace, and removing oxides and impurities in the cast ingot by adopting aluminum-yttrium alloy as a refining agent; then pouring the refined aluminum alloy molten metal into a crucible for injection molding rapidly, and preserving heat at 720 ℃ for later use;
(2) Spray forming: argon with the pressure of 1.5MPa is adopted to atomize, spray, uniformly deposit and rapidly solidify aluminum alloy metal liquid flowing out of a crucible, the deposition rate is 40Kg/h, and cylindrical aluminum alloy billets with the grain size of 10-15 mu m are formed on a material bearing plate;
(3) Double-action backward extrusion: heating the aluminum alloy billet subjected to spray forming to 650 ℃ (semi-solid state), and then adopting a double-acting reverse extrusion process to carry out densification treatment and seamless aluminum alloy pipe extrusion forming, wherein the extrusion force is 2000MPa, the extrusion ratio is 15, and the extrusion speed is 12mm/s;
(4) Surface pickling and sand blasting: pickling the aluminum alloy pipe by using pickling solution to remove surface oxide skin, and then performing sand blasting treatment to roughen the surface; wherein the pickling solution is prepared from HCl, HNO 3 The aluminum alloy pipe is prepared according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the pickling time is stopped when bubbles are generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe; the roughness of the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe after the sand blasting treatment is 3-5 mu m;
(5) Ultrasonic cleaning: placing the aluminum alloy pipe with roughened surface in ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface impurities; wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 150Hz, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 20 minutes;
(6) Supersonic flame thermal spraying: carrying out ultrasonic flame thermal spraying on the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to ultrasonic cleaning to form a thermal spraying coating; the volume ratio of propane to oxygen is 2:3 when the ultrasonic flame thermal spraying is carried out, the spraying distance is 210mm, the spraying powder is Ni60, the particle size of the powder is 40 mu m, the powder feeding amount is 45g/min, and the thickness of the obtained Ni60 coating (namely the thermal spraying coating) is 0.4mm;
(7) And (3) heat treatment: t6 heat treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating, the heat treatment temperature is 450 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 5 hours;
(8) Hole sealing treatment: and (3) after heat treatment, the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating is heated to 140 ℃, and then is impregnated in a phenolic resin solution for 1.5 hours to carry out hole sealing, so that the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod is obtained.
Example 6
A preparation method of a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod comprises the following steps:
(1) Refining and pouring aluminum alloy: refining the 7055 aluminum alloy cast ingot by a vacuum melting furnace, and removing oxides and impurities in the cast ingot by adopting aluminum-yttrium alloy as a refining agent; then pouring the refined aluminum alloy molten metal into a crucible for injection molding rapidly, and preserving heat at 650 ℃ for later use;
(2) Spray forming: the aluminum alloy metal liquid flowing out of the crucible is atomized, sprayed at high pressure, uniformly deposited and quickly solidified by adopting argon with the pressure of 2MPa, the deposition rate is 50Kg/h, and cylindrical aluminum alloy billets with the grain size of 10-15 mu m are formed on a material bearing plate;
(3) Double-action backward extrusion: heating the aluminum alloy billet subjected to spray forming to 650 ℃ (semi-solid state), and then adopting a double-acting reverse extrusion process to carry out densification treatment and seamless aluminum alloy pipe extrusion forming, wherein the extrusion force is 2000MPa, the extrusion ratio is 15, and the extrusion speed is 20mm/s;
(4) Surface pickling and sand blasting: pickling the aluminum alloy pipe by using pickling solution to remove surface oxide skin, and then performing sand blasting treatment to roughen the surface; wherein the pickling solution is prepared from HCl, HNO 3 The aluminum alloy pipe is prepared according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the pickling time is stopped when bubbles are generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe; the roughness of the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe after the sand blasting treatment is 3-5 mu m;
(5) Ultrasonic cleaning: placing the aluminum alloy pipe with roughened surface in ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface impurities; wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 100Hz, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 15 minutes;
(6) Supersonic flame thermal spraying: carrying out ultrasonic flame thermal spraying on the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to ultrasonic cleaning to form a thermal spraying coating; the ratio of propane to oxygen is 2:3 during the ultrasonic flame thermal spraying, the spraying distance is 240mm, the spraying powder is Ni60, the particle size of the powder is 10 mu m, the powder feeding amount is 50g/min, and the thickness of the obtained Ni60 coating (namely the thermal spraying coating) is 0.4mm;
(7) And (3) heat treatment: t6 heat treatment is carried out on the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating, the heat treatment temperature is 460 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 2 hours;
(8) Hole sealing treatment: and (3) after heat treatment, the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating is heated to 150 ℃, and then is impregnated in a phenolic resin solution for 2 hours to carry out hole sealing, so that the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod is obtained.
And (3) testing: the cross section of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod prepared in the above example 6 was observed by using an SEM scanning electron microscope, and the result is shown in fig. 1; as can be seen from FIG. 1, the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill pipe coating prepared by the invention has uniform structure and high compactness.
Testing the hardness of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill pipe prepared in the above examples 1-6 by adopting a TI950 nanoindenter, wherein 10 test points at different positions are selected for each sample, and the hardness of the Ni60 thermal spraying layer and the hardness of the aluminum alloy drill pipe substrate are tested; electrochemical tests are carried out on the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill pipes prepared in the above embodiments 1 to 6 by adopting an LK1100A type electrochemical workstation, and the potential of the thermal spraying layer and the potential of the aluminum alloy drill pipe substrate are tested; the results of the above test are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 shows the test results of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill pipes prepared in examples 1 to 6
As can be seen from the test results of the above examples 1-6, the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod prepared by the invention can reach the yield strength of 600 MPa. The preparation method adopts a method of rapidly solidifying and refining the crystal grains by adopting a spray forming technology, so that the crystal grains are effectively refined to prepare a fine crystal grain ingot blank with the average grain diameter of about 10-15 mu m, and the crystal boundary interface is clear and has no precipitate; precisely forming the injection additive manufacturing blank through semi-solid processing and maintaining high performance of the injection additive manufacturing blank; the Ni60 coating thermally sprayed on the surface of the aluminum alloy drill rod has good bonding strength, corrosion resistance and wear resistance with an aluminum alloy matrix, can radically solve the urgent need of the advanced aluminum alloy drill rod in China at present, and also provides a new thought and method for designing and manufacturing novel high-performance ultra-high-strength 7xxx series aluminum alloy structural materials.
The above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Obvious changes and modifications of the invention, which are introduced by the technical solution of the present invention, are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Refining and pouring aluminum alloy: refining the 7xxx series aluminum alloy cast ingot to remove oxides and impurities in the cast ingot; then, the refined aluminum alloy molten metal is quickly poured into a crucible for spray forming and is kept warm;
(2) Spray forming: aluminum alloy metal liquid in the crucible is subjected to four stages of atomization, high-pressure spraying, uniform deposition and rapid solidification to form aluminum alloy billets with fine grains on a material bearing plate;
(3) Double-action backward extrusion: heating the aluminum alloy billet to be semi-solid, and then adopting a double-acting backward extrusion process to carry out densification treatment and extrusion forming on the seamless aluminum alloy pipe;
(4) Surface pickling and sand blasting: pickling the aluminum alloy pipe, removing surface oxide skin, and then performing sand blasting treatment to roughen the surface;
(5) Ultrasonic cleaning: carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the aluminum alloy pipe with the roughened surface to remove surface impurities;
(6) Supersonic flame thermal spraying: carrying out ultrasonic flame thermal spraying on the aluminum alloy pipe subjected to ultrasonic cleaning to form a thermal spraying coating;
(7) And (3) heat treatment: performing T6 heat treatment on the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating;
(8) Hole sealing treatment: heating the aluminum alloy pipe after heat treatment, and then impregnating the aluminum alloy pipe in a resin solution to carry out hole sealing to obtain a high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod;
wherein: the double-acting reverse extrusion process comprises the following steps: the extrusion temperature is 550-650 ℃, the extrusion force is 1500-3000MPa, the extrusion ratio is 15-25, and the extrusion speed is 8-20mm/s;
wherein: the volume ratio of propane to oxygen is 2:3, the spraying distance is 200-240mm, the spraying powder is Ni60, the particle size of the powder is 10-40 mu m, the powder feeding amount is 25-50g/min, and the thickness of the obtained Ni60 coating is 0.3-0.5mm.
2. The method for preparing the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill pipe according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy refining and pouring in the step (1) are as follows: refining the 7xxx series aluminum alloy cast ingot, and removing oxides and impurities in the cast ingot by adopting aluminum yttrium alloy as a refining agent; then pouring the refined aluminum alloy molten metal into crucible equipment for injection molding rapidly and preserving heat at 650-750 ℃; wherein the 7xxx series aluminum alloy is 7075 or 7055.
3. The method for preparing the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod according to claim 1, wherein the step (2) is spray-formed: the high-pressure injection adopts inert gas with the pressure of 1-2MPa, the deposition rate is 10-50Kg/h, and the grain size of the aluminum alloy billet is 10-15 mu m.
4. The method for preparing the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the step (4) is pickled and sandblasted: pickling the aluminum alloy pipe by using pickling solution to remove surface oxide skin, and then performing sand blasting treatment to roughen the surface; wherein the pickling solution is prepared from HCl, HNO 3 The aluminum alloy pipe is prepared according to the mass ratio of 2:3, and the pickling time is stopped when bubbles are generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe; the roughness of the surface of the aluminum alloy pipe after the sand blasting treatment is 3-5 mu m.
5. The method for preparing the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod according to claim 1, wherein the step (5) is characterized by comprising the following steps of: placing the aluminum alloy pipe in ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning to remove surface impurities; wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 100-200Hz, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 15-20 minutes.
6. The method for preparing the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is carried out in the step (7): and carrying out T6 heat treatment on the aluminum alloy pipe with the thermal spraying coating, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 450-500 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 2-5 hours.
7. The method for preparing the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod according to claim 1, wherein the hole sealing treatment in the step (8) is as follows: and heating the aluminum alloy pipe to 100-150 ℃ after heat treatment, and then impregnating the aluminum alloy pipe in a phenolic resin solution for 1-2 hours to carry out hole sealing, so as to obtain the high-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy drill rod.
8. A high strength corrosion resistant aluminium alloy drill rod, characterized in that it is manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1-7.
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