CN114343800A - An ultrasonic guided puncture catheter drainage device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于医疗设备的技术领域,尤其涉及一种超声导向穿刺置管引流装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular relates to an ultrasonic-guided puncture catheter placement and drainage device.
背景技术Background technique
超声导向穿刺置管技术在我们目前的医疗体系中被广泛进行应用,超声引导下穿刺置管是介入超声的重要组成部分之一,在临床使用中,通过超声探头影像与超声探头穿刺架的配合,可引导穿刺针进入患者体内进行介入治疗,简单来说,就是通过配合超声影像,实时进行目标病灶的穿刺作业,从而将穿刺后的引流管留置,穿刺引流在临床上是非常常用的治疗手段,尤其目前在B超引导或CT引导下穿刺置管引流。在临床上使用穿刺引流最常见于以下3种情况或者疾病:1、主要是见于胸腔积液出现感染,或者大量胸腔积液引起的呼吸困难症状,通常采用肋内后间隙穿刺置管引流。2、要见于肝炎后肝硬化,大量腹水引起的腹内压增高,采用腹腔穿刺放出腹水以减轻病人腹内高压症状。3、主要见于腹部手术,比如肝胆、胃肠或者阑尾化脓以后腹腔残余积液,甚至继发细菌感染,形成脓肿而出现畏寒、发热,甚至毒血症状。采用B超引导下穿刺引流将脓液引尽从而达到治愈的目的,避免再次手术。Ultrasound-guided puncture and catheterization technology is widely used in our current medical system. Ultrasound-guided puncture and catheterization is one of the important components of interventional ultrasound. It can guide the puncture needle into the patient's body for interventional therapy. In short, it is to perform the puncture operation of the target lesion in real time by cooperating with the ultrasound image, so that the drainage tube after puncture is indwelled. The puncture and drainage is a very commonly used clinical treatment method , especially in the current B-guided or CT-guided puncture catheter drainage. The clinical use of puncture and drainage is most common in the following three situations or diseases: 1. It is mainly seen in the infection of pleural effusion, or the symptoms of dyspnea caused by a large amount of pleural effusion. Usually, the intracostal space puncture and catheterization are used for drainage. 2. It should be seen in post-hepatitis cirrhosis and the increased intra-abdominal pressure caused by a large amount of ascites. Paracentesis is used to release the ascites to relieve the symptoms of intra-abdominal hypertension. 3. Mainly seen in abdominal surgery, such as residual effusion in the abdominal cavity after hepatobiliary, gastrointestinal or appendix suppuration, and even secondary bacterial infection, forming abscesses and causing chills, fever, and even poisonous blood symptoms. The puncture and drainage under the guidance of B-ultrasound is used to drain the pus so as to achieve the purpose of cure and avoid reoperation.
现有的穿刺置管技术一般采用“一步法”和“两步法”进行超声导向的穿刺置管工作,简单来说,“一步法”就是在病患需要进行穿刺的位置,进行导流管的穿刺,导流管内套设有金属内套管和内芯,从而直接进行穿刺,穿刺到病灶后,将金属内套管和内芯拔出即可,“两步法”就是在病患需要进行穿刺的位置,通过穿刺针进行穿刺,穿刺到指定位置后,取下穿刺针内的针芯,然后放入金属导丝后将穿刺针取下,然后沿着导丝插入扩张管,退出扩张管以后,套装好引流管和金属内套管,此时需要注意的是,不需要安装内芯,然后将组装好的引流管沿导丝插入到病灶处,到达病灶后,将导丝抽出,同时将内芯取出即可完成穿刺置管工作,然后通过固定器将引流管与皮肤进行固定连接,防止引流管被拉出。Existing puncture and catheterization techniques generally use "one-step method" and "two-step method" for ultrasound-guided puncture and catheterization work. The inner sleeve of the guide tube is equipped with a metal inner sleeve and an inner core, so that the puncture can be performed directly. After puncturing the lesion, the metal inner sleeve and the inner core can be pulled out. The "two-step method" is when the patient needs The puncture position is performed through the puncture needle. After puncturing to the designated position, the needle core in the puncture needle is removed, and then the metal guide wire is placed, and then the puncture needle is removed, and then the dilation tube is inserted along the guide wire, and the dilation is withdrawn. After the tube, set the drainage tube and the metal inner sleeve. It should be noted that the inner core does not need to be installed, and then the assembled drainage tube is inserted into the lesion along the guide wire. After reaching the lesion, the guide wire is pulled out. At the same time, the inner core can be taken out to complete the puncture and tube placement, and then the drainage tube is fixedly connected to the skin through a fixer to prevent the drainage tube from being pulled out.
现有的穿刺置管引流技术在配合超声导向的过程中,往往需要使用者不停得扶持超声探头,确保在超声显影中进行精准穿刺,往往需要两名医护人员配合进行,一人不断手持超声探头,另一人来进行穿刺置管引流工作,于是,我们就此问题的基础上研发一种超声穿刺置管引流的装置,将超声探头确定好位置以后进行固定,从而解放了医护人员,且同时能让负责穿刺的医护人员能在产生影像的事实配合下进行穿刺置管的工作,同时,在医护人员进行人为穿刺的过程中,在选取好穿刺路线以及穿刺角度后,可能会存在暴力穿刺或者过穿的情况,在不同的穿刺情形下,对穿刺进尺的速度要求也不尽相同,越接近病灶区域,则要求医护人员就要把穿刺的速度放慢,防止过穿或者伤害到周围的组织和血管,同时由于人为操作的不确定性,会导致在确定好的穿刺路线中,产生人为的主观偏差,从而导致穿刺线路发生变化,进而对病患造成不可避免的伤害和损失,为了确保穿刺的精确程度,解决上述的问题,于是我们研发了一种超声导向穿刺置管引流装置用于解决上述问题。In the process of cooperating with ultrasound guidance, the existing puncture catheter drainage technology often requires the user to constantly support the ultrasound probe to ensure accurate puncture during ultrasound imaging, which often requires the cooperation of two medical staff, one person constantly holding the ultrasound probe. , another person came to perform puncture and drainage work, so we developed a device for ultrasonic puncture and drainage based on this problem. After determining the position of the ultrasonic probe, it was fixed, thus liberating the medical staff, and at the same time allowing the The medical staff in charge of the puncture can perform the puncture and catheterization work with the cooperation of the fact that the images are generated. At the same time, during the process of artificial puncture by the medical staff, after selecting the puncture route and puncture angle, there may be violent puncture or excessive puncture. In different puncture situations, the requirements for the speed of the puncture footage are also different. The closer to the lesion area, the medical staff are required to slow down the puncture speed to prevent penetration or damage to surrounding tissues and blood vessels. At the same time, due to the uncertainty of human operation, there will be artificial subjective deviations in the determined puncture route, which will lead to changes in the puncture route, which will cause unavoidable damage and loss to the patient. In order to ensure the accuracy of puncture To solve the above problems, we developed an ultrasonic guided puncture catheter drainage device to solve the above problems.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的是提供了一种超声导向穿刺置管引流装置,用以解决背景技术中提到的现有技术中存在的无法在穿刺过程中对超声探头进行固定,以及在人为穿刺过程中出现的暴力穿刺、过穿以及穿刺线路变化的问题,且穿刺速度过快或者过慢的问题。In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic guided puncture catheter placement and drainage device to solve the problem in the prior art that the ultrasonic probe cannot be fixed during the puncture process. , and the problems of violent puncturing, over-penetration, and changes in puncturing lines during the artificial puncturing process, and the puncturing speed is too fast or too slow.
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:The above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种超声导向穿刺置管引流装置,包括床体,其特征在于,所述床体的床板上连接有躯体夹持装置,躯体夹持装置实现对患者的身体进行夹持固定,所述床体的前后两侧安置有横向导轨,所述导轨上横向设置有超声导向装置;An ultrasonic guided puncture catheter placement and drainage device, comprising a bed, characterized in that a body clamping device is connected to the bed of the bed, and the body clamping device realizes clamping and fixing of a patient's body, and the bed is Lateral guide rails are arranged on the front and rear sides of the guide rail, and an ultrasonic guiding device is arranged horizontally on the guide rail;
所述超声导向装置包括横向滑动连接在导轨上的架体,所述架体上纵向螺纹连接有与导轨配合的横向定位销,所述架体上端安装有竖向套筒,所述竖向套筒内竖向滑动配合有竖向伸缩杆,所述竖向套筒上纵向螺纹连接有与竖向伸缩杆配合的竖向定位销,所述竖向伸缩杆上端开有矩形孔,所述矩形孔内纵向滑动配合有矩形筒,所述竖向伸缩杆上端竖向螺纹连接有与矩形筒配合的纵向定位销,所述矩形筒的左右两侧壁上开有倾斜状的长条孔,两组长条孔之间滑动配合有置于矩形筒内的L形支撑杆,所述支撑杆的一端经安装在矩形筒上端的往复机构驱动支撑杆沿长条孔的方向移动,支撑杆另一端球铰接有连接杆,连接杆与支撑杆球铰接的位置处设置有相互配合使用的电磁铁和衔铁,所述的连接杆的另一端可拆卸得安装有超声探头,所述架体上设置有超声显示屏;The ultrasonic guiding device comprises a frame body that is slidably connected to the guide rail, the frame body is longitudinally screwed with a lateral positioning pin matched with the guide rail, a vertical sleeve is installed on the upper end of the frame body, and the vertical sleeve is installed on the upper end of the frame body. A vertical telescopic rod is vertically slidably fitted in the cylinder, a vertical positioning pin matched with the vertical telescopic rod is longitudinally threaded on the vertical sleeve, and a rectangular hole is opened on the upper end of the vertical telescopic rod, and the rectangular A rectangular cylinder is longitudinally slidably fitted in the hole, and the upper end of the vertical telescopic rod is vertically threaded with a longitudinal positioning pin matched with the rectangular cylinder. An L-shaped support rod placed in the rectangular cylinder is slidably fitted between the elongated holes. One end of the support rod is driven by the reciprocating mechanism installed on the upper end of the rectangular cylinder to drive the support rod to move in the direction of the elongated hole, and the other end of the support rod The ball is hinged with a connecting rod, and the position where the connecting rod and the support rod are hinged is provided with an electromagnet and an armature that cooperate with each other. The other end of the connecting rod can be detachably installed with an ultrasonic probe. Ultrasound display;
还包括与患者穿刺部位配合使用的匀速进出针装置,所述的匀速进出针装置包括两组对称设置的箱体,一组箱体上安装有横向定位杆,另一组箱体上安装有与定位杆横向滑动配合的定位孔,两组箱体之间螺纹连接有横向设置的第一双向丝杠,第一双向丝杠与两侧的箱体螺纹配合的部分螺纹旋向相反,所述箱体内设置有转速调节装置,转速调节装置用于调节输出轴与输入轴的传动比,所述转速调节装置的输出轴同轴连接有置于箱体外的驱动盘,所述驱动盘的外缘开有环形的放置槽,所述放置槽内沿周向均布连接有多组矩形槽,所述矩形槽端部沿驱动盘径向滑动配合有伸缩块且满足不脱离,所述伸缩块与矩形槽内底面之间设置有第一弹簧,所述伸缩块端部设置为尖头状,两组驱动盘上的伸缩块配合实现对穿刺针、引流管、扩张管的夹持进尺作用,所述转速调节装置的输入轴连接手持式驱动装置,满足手持式驱动装置对转速调节装置的输入轴实现正反转的驱动工作,同时对输入轴的转动角度和驱动转动的距离进行记录,所述的箱体一端安装有弧形的接触杆,所述接触杆与患者的皮肤接触实现对箱体结构的支撑效果;It also includes a constant-speed needle entry and exit device used in conjunction with the patient's puncture site. The constant-speed needle entry and exit device includes two sets of symmetrically arranged boxes. The positioning rod is a positioning hole in which the positioning rod slides horizontally. A first bidirectional lead screw arranged laterally is threadedly connected between the two groups of boxes. A rotational speed adjusting device is arranged in the body, and the rotational speed adjusting device is used to adjust the transmission ratio between the output shaft and the input shaft. A ring-shaped placement slot is opened, and a plurality of groups of rectangular slots are evenly connected in the placement slot along the circumferential direction. A first spring is arranged between the inner bottom surfaces, the end of the telescopic block is set in a pointed shape, and the telescopic blocks on the two sets of driving discs cooperate to realize the clamping and footage effect on the puncture needle, the drainage tube and the expansion tube. The input shaft of the adjusting device is connected to the hand-held drive device, so that the hand-held drive device can realize the forward and reverse driving work on the input shaft of the rotational speed adjusting device, and at the same time, the rotation angle of the input shaft and the distance of the driving rotation are recorded. An arc-shaped contact rod is installed at one end of the body, and the contact rod is in contact with the patient's skin to achieve a supporting effect on the box structure;
所述的电磁铁、超声探头、超声显示屏、往复机构与安装在架体上的第一控制器电性连接,所述的转速调节装置、手持式的驱动装置与箱体内安装的第二控制器电性连接。The electromagnet, ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic display screen, and reciprocating mechanism are electrically connected to the first controller installed on the frame, and the rotational speed adjusting device and the hand-held driving device are connected to the second controller installed in the box. electrical connection.
优选的,所述的躯体夹持装置包括开在床体床板上的两组矩形窗,所述矩形窗内横向滑动配合有两组矩形块,所述矩形块上端开有截面为T形的滑槽,所述滑槽内滑动配合有截面为T形的滑块,处于左右同侧的两组矩形块之间纵向转动连接有置于相应侧的滑槽内的第二双向丝杠,所述第二双向丝杠分别与左右同侧的两组滑槽内的滑块螺纹配合,且同一第二双向丝杠与其上螺纹配合的两组滑块的螺纹配合的方向相反,同一第二双向丝杠上连接的两组矩形块的其中一组矩形块的一侧竖向螺纹连接有与床板下端配合的第一定位销,所述滑块上端可拆卸式的连接有弧形夹紧板,所述弧形夹紧板朝向弧形圆心的一侧面上均布连接有径向设置的多组圆筒,所述圆筒内径向滑动配合有第一伸缩杆,所述第一伸缩杆与圆筒内底面之间连接有第二弹簧,所述第一伸缩杆朝向弧形夹紧板中心的一端连接有弧形的橡胶卡块。Preferably, the body clamping device includes two sets of rectangular windows opened on the bed of the bed, two sets of rectangular blocks are laterally slidably fitted in the rectangular windows, and the upper end of the rectangular blocks is provided with a T-shaped sliding block. A slider with a T-shaped cross-section is slidably fitted in the chute, and a second bidirectional lead screw placed in the chute on the corresponding side is longitudinally rotatably connected between the two sets of rectangular blocks on the same side of the left and right sides. The second two-way screw is screwed with the sliders in the two sets of chutes on the left and the same side respectively, and the same second two-way screw is in opposite directions with the two sets of sliders on which it is threaded. The same second two-way screw One side of one of the two groups of rectangular blocks connected on the bar is vertically threaded with a first positioning pin that is matched with the lower end of the bed plate, and the upper end of the sliding block is detachably connected with an arc-shaped clamping plate, so A plurality of groups of cylinders arranged in a radial direction are evenly connected on the side surface of the arc-shaped clamping plate facing the arc-shaped circle center. A first telescopic rod is radially slidably fitted in the cylinder, and the first telescopic rod is connected to the cylinder. A second spring is connected between the inner bottom surfaces, and an arc-shaped rubber clamping block is connected to one end of the first telescopic rod toward the center of the arc-shaped clamping plate.
优选的,所述滑块上端开有竖向设置的圆槽,所述的弧形夹紧板下端连接有与圆槽竖向滑动配合的圆柱杆,所述圆槽侧壁上开有上端开口的纵向设置的矩形通过槽,圆槽侧壁上开有上端不开口的横向设置的矩形封堵槽,通过槽与封堵槽之间通过弧形槽进行连通,所述的圆柱杆下端连接有与通过槽和封堵槽竖向滑动配合的矩形杆,所述的圆槽内底面连接有第三弹簧,所述第三弹簧的上端连接有竖向滑动配合在圆槽内的圆板,所述圆板与圆柱杆下底面接触配合,从而构成可拆卸的弧形夹紧板结构。Preferably, the upper end of the slider is provided with a vertically arranged circular groove, the lower end of the arc-shaped clamping plate is connected with a cylindrical rod that is vertically slidably matched with the circular groove, and an upper end opening is formed on the side wall of the circular groove. The longitudinally arranged rectangular passage groove, the side wall of the circular groove is provided with a horizontally arranged rectangular plugging groove with an open upper end, the passage groove and the plugging groove are communicated through an arc-shaped groove, and the lower end of the cylindrical rod is connected with a The rectangular rod that is vertically slidably matched with the passing groove and the blocking groove, the inner bottom surface of the circular groove is connected with a third spring, and the upper end of the third spring is connected with a circular plate that is vertically slidably fitted in the circular groove, so The circular plate is in contact with the lower bottom surface of the cylindrical rod to form a detachable arc-shaped clamping plate structure.
优选的,所述的往复机构包括安装在矩形筒上端的电动伸缩杆,所述电动伸缩杆端部安装有L形的驱动杆,所述驱动杆的下端与支撑杆的一端竖向滑动配合,所述电动伸缩杆与第一控制器之间电性连接。Preferably, the reciprocating mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod installed on the upper end of the rectangular cylinder, an L-shaped driving rod is installed at the end of the electric telescopic rod, and the lower end of the driving rod is vertically slidably matched with one end of the support rod, The electric telescopic rod is electrically connected with the first controller.
优选的,所述超声探头上开有与连接杆滑动配合的矩形的配合槽,所述配合槽的两侧壁上开有矩形的容纳槽,所述容纳槽内滑动配合有截面为梯形的卡紧块,所述卡紧块的端部的倾斜斜面朝向连接杆一端进行设置,所述卡紧块一端与容纳槽内底面之间连接有置于容纳槽内的第四弹簧,所述卡紧块前端连接有延伸出容纳槽的驱动板,所述连接杆与配合槽配合的两侧壁上开有与卡紧块配合的卡孔,从而构成可拆卸的超声探头结构。Preferably, the ultrasonic probe is provided with a rectangular matching groove that is slidingly matched with the connecting rod, the two side walls of the matching groove are provided with rectangular accommodating grooves, and the accommodating groove is slidably fitted with a trapezoidal cross-section clip. A clamping block, the inclined slope of the end of the clamping block is set toward one end of the connecting rod, and a fourth spring placed in the accommodation groove is connected between one end of the clamping block and the inner bottom surface of the accommodation groove. The front end of the block is connected with a drive plate extending out of the accommodating groove, and the two side walls of the connecting rod and the matching groove are provided with clamping holes matched with the clamping block, thereby forming a detachable ultrasonic probe structure.
优选的,所述的转速调节装置包括沿上下方向设置在箱体内且相互配合的第一无级变速轮和第二无级变速轮,所述无级变速轮包括相对设置的第一锥形轮和第二锥形轮,上侧的第一锥形轮外端面同轴连接有移动轴,所述移动轴外同轴转动连接有第一平移板,所述移动轴前端伸出第一平移板且与纵向转动连接在箱体上的第一输出轴轴向滑动配合,所述第一输出轴与转速调节装置的输出轴同轴连接,上侧的第二锥形轮转动连接在箱体内,下侧的第二锥形轮外端面同轴转动连接有第二平移板,下侧的第一锥形轮转动连接在箱体内,还包括设置在无级变速轮上下两侧的转动连接在箱体内的导向杆,所述第一平移板和第二平移板的两侧分别螺纹配合在与其相对应的导向杆上,四组导向杆经安装在箱体内的传动装置驱动进行同步转动,下侧的第一锥形轮的转轴与转速调节装置的输入轴同轴连接,所述第一无级变速轮和第二无级变速轮之间套设有金属带,所述传动装置与第二控制器之间电性连接。Preferably, the rotational speed adjusting device includes a first continuously variable transmission wheel and a second continuously variable transmission wheel that are arranged in the box along the up-down direction and cooperate with each other, and the continuously variable transmission wheel includes a first conical wheel arranged opposite to each other. and the second conical wheel, the outer end surface of the first conical wheel on the upper side is coaxially connected with a moving shaft, the outer end of the moving shaft is coaxially connected with a first translation plate, and the front end of the moving shaft extends out of the first translation plate and axially slidingly fits with the first output shaft that is longitudinally rotatably connected to the box body, the first output shaft is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the rotational speed adjusting device, and the second conical wheel on the upper side is rotatably connected to the box body, The outer end surface of the second conical wheel on the lower side is coaxially connected with a second translation plate, the first conical wheel on the lower side is rotatably connected in the box body, and also includes a rotating connection in the box arranged on the upper and lower sides of the continuously variable transmission wheel. The guide rods in the body, the two sides of the first translation plate and the second translation plate are screwed on the corresponding guide rods respectively, and the four groups of guide rods are driven by the transmission device installed in the box to rotate synchronously. The rotating shaft of the first conical wheel is coaxially connected with the input shaft of the rotational speed adjusting device, a metal belt is sleeved between the first stepless speed change wheel and the second stepless speed change wheel, and the transmission device is connected to the second control device. electrical connection between devices.
优选的,所述的传动装置包括同轴连接在导向杆上的第一齿轮,同一无级变速轮上的两组第一齿轮之间啮合有转动连接在箱体内的第二齿轮,所述第二齿轮同轴连接有第三齿轮,两组第三齿轮之间啮合有转动连接在箱体内的第四齿轮,所述第四齿轮的转轴外同轴连接有置于箱体外的驱动旋钮,所述驱动旋钮上设置有指针,所述箱体外侧壁上设置有与指针配合的刻度,所述驱动旋钮与第二控制器之间电性连接。Preferably, the transmission device includes a first gear coaxially connected to the guide rod, and a second gear rotatably connected in the box is meshed between the two sets of first gears on the same continuously variable transmission wheel. A third gear is coaxially connected to the second gear, a fourth gear that is rotatably connected to the box is meshed between the two sets of third gears, and a drive knob placed outside the box is coaxially connected to the outside of the rotating shaft of the fourth gear. The driving knob is provided with a pointer, the outer side wall of the box is provided with a scale matched with the pointer, and the driving knob and the second controller are electrically connected.
优选的,所述手持式驱动装置包括连接在箱体下侧且远离两组箱体中心一侧面为开口状的壳体,所述壳体的远离两组箱体中心一侧的开口端横向滑动配合有一手握式驱动套,所述壳体内分别转动连接有处于上侧的第一单向齿轮和处于下侧的第二单向齿轮,两组单向齿轮的传动方向相反,所述的驱动套内竖向滑动配合有双面齿条,所述双面齿条横向设置且置于两组单向齿轮之间,所述驱动套上竖向螺纹连接有驱动螺栓,所述驱动螺栓端部与双面齿条转动连接,双面齿条在处于竖向的极限位置处分别与相应侧的单向齿轮啮合,所述的双面齿条与壳体侧壁之间连接有横向设置的复位弹簧,所述第一单向齿轮与转动连接在壳体内的第五齿轮啮合,第二单向齿轮与转动连接在壳体内的第六齿轮啮合,所述第五齿轮和第六齿轮之间经皮带进行传动连接,还包括同轴连接在转速调节装置的输入轴上的第七齿轮,所述第七齿轮与第五齿轮啮合;Preferably, the hand-held drive device includes a casing connected to the lower side of the box body and having an open side on one side away from the centers of the two groups of boxes, and the open end of the casing on the side away from the centers of the two groups of boxes slides laterally. A hand-grip drive sleeve is matched, and a first one-way gear on the upper side and a second one-way gear on the lower side are rotatably connected in the casing. The transmission directions of the two sets of one-way gears are opposite. A double-sided rack is vertically slidably fitted in the sleeve, and the double-sided rack is horizontally arranged and placed between two sets of one-way gears. The drive sleeve is vertically threaded with a drive bolt, and the end of the drive bolt is It is rotatably connected with the double-sided rack, and the double-sided rack is meshed with the one-way gear on the corresponding side at the vertical extreme position. The double-sided rack is connected with the side wall of the casing. Spring, the first one-way gear meshes with the fifth gear rotatably connected in the housing, the second one-way gear meshes with the sixth gear rotatably connected in the housing, and the fifth gear and the sixth gear are The belt is connected for transmission, and also includes a seventh gear coaxially connected to the input shaft of the rotational speed adjusting device, and the seventh gear meshes with the fifth gear;
所述的双面齿条上连接有齿条位移计算装置,用于计算齿条与单向齿轮啮合驱动的转动角度和路程,所述的齿条位移计算装置与第二控制器之间电性连接。The double-sided rack is connected with a rack displacement calculation device, which is used to calculate the rotation angle and distance of the meshing drive between the rack and the one-way gear. The rack displacement calculation device and the second controller are electrically connected. connect.
优选的,所述的齿条位移计算装置包括连接在双面齿条上的伸缩式导电触头,还包括横向设置在壳体内的多组电阻线圈,伸缩式导电触头与电阻线圈接触配合构成滑动变阻器的结构,导电触头与多组电阻线圈构成电阻电路,所述电阻电路与第二控制器之间电性连接。Preferably, the rack displacement calculation device includes a telescopic conductive contact connected to the double-sided rack, and also includes a plurality of groups of resistance coils laterally arranged in the housing, the telescopic conductive contact and the resistance coil are in contact and cooperate to form In the structure of the sliding varistor, the conductive contacts and multiple groups of resistance coils form a resistance circuit, and the resistance circuit is electrically connected with the second controller.
本发明的有益效果:本发明通过利用在躯体夹持装置中采用可拆卸的弧形夹持板结构,防止病患在穿刺过程中发生乱动,利用床体上的导轨设置与之配合的架体,架体上通过三维的调节装置以及角度的调节装置实现对超声探头的定位和固定,从而解放医护人员的双手,然后通过两组配合的驱动盘,驱动穿刺针、导流管、扩张管完成进尺穿刺的工作,同时利用速度调节装置对进尺的速度进行可控式调节,手持式驱动装置利用单向齿轮的传动特性实现动力传动的正反方向的输入工作,本发明能有效得解放医护人员,整个过程一名医护人员就可以完成,一步法和二步法穿刺法均适用本装置,穿刺过程匀速且进尺角度平稳不易偏差,穿刺的速度可以根据情况进行随时的选择,提高了穿刺的效率和穿刺的精准程度,同时还减轻了医护人员的工作压力,避免因主观问题造成的穿刺失误,避免了过穿以及暴力穿刺的现象,操作简单,实用性强,适合推广。Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention uses a detachable arc-shaped clamping plate structure in the body clamping device to prevent the patient from tampering during the puncture process, and uses the guide rails on the bed to set up a matching frame The positioning and fixing of the ultrasonic probe is realized by the three-dimensional adjustment device and the angle adjustment device on the frame body, so as to free the hands of the medical staff, and then the puncture needle, the guide tube and the expansion tube are driven through the two sets of matched driving discs. The work of puncturing the footage is completed, and at the same time, the speed of the footage is controllably adjusted by the speed adjusting device, and the hand-held driving device utilizes the transmission characteristic of the one-way gear to realize the input work of the positive and negative directions of the power transmission, and the present invention can effectively liberate the medical care. Personnel, one medical staff can complete the whole process. This device is suitable for both one-step and two-step puncture methods. The puncture process is uniform and the footage angle is stable and not prone to deviation. The puncture speed can be selected at any time according to the situation, which improves the puncture efficiency. The efficiency and accuracy of puncture also reduce the work pressure of medical staff, avoid puncture errors caused by subjective problems, and avoid the phenomenon of over-penetration and violent puncture. The operation is simple, the practicability is strong, and it is suitable for promotion.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明立体图视角一。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a perspective view of the present invention.
图2是本发明立体图视角二。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a perspective view of the present invention.
图3是本发明的主视图。Fig. 3 is a front view of the present invention.
图4是本发明中躯体夹持装置的立体图。Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the body gripping device of the present invention.
图5是本发明中躯体夹持装置的部分结构立体图。FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a part of the structure of the body gripping device of the present invention.
图6是本发明中滑块及其连接部分的剖面视图。6 is a cross-sectional view of the slider and its connecting portion in the present invention.
图7是本发明中滑块的立体结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the slider in the present invention.
图8是本发明中弧形夹紧板及其连接部分的立体结构图。FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional structural view of the arc-shaped clamping plate and its connecting part in the present invention.
图9是本发明中超声导向装置的立体结构图。FIG. 9 is a perspective structural view of the ultrasonic guiding device in the present invention.
图10是本发明中超声导向装置的部分结构的立体图。FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a part of the structure of the ultrasonic guide device of the present invention.
图11是本发明中超声导向装置中的支撑杆的立体图。Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the support rod in the ultrasonic guiding device of the present invention.
图12是本发明中超声探头与连接杆连接的立体结构图。Fig. 12 is a three-dimensional structural view of the connection between the ultrasonic probe and the connecting rod in the present invention.
图13是本发明中连接杆及其连接部分的立体结构图。Fig. 13 is a perspective structural view of the connecting rod and its connecting part in the present invention.
图14是本发明中匀速进出针装置的立体结构图视角一。Fig. 14 is a perspective view 1 of the perspective structure of the needle in-out device at a constant speed according to the present invention.
图15是本发明中匀速进出针装置的立体结构图视角二。Fig. 15 is a
图16是本发明中变速调节装置及其连接部分的立体结构图。Fig. 16 is a perspective structural view of the speed change adjusting device and its connecting part in the present invention.
图17是本发明中驱动盘及其连接部分的剖面视图。Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the drive disk and its connecting portion in the present invention.
图18是本发明中变速调节装置的立体结构体。Fig. 18 is a three-dimensional structure of the speed change adjustment device in the present invention.
图19是本发明中手持式驱动装置的立体结构体。FIG. 19 is a three-dimensional structure of the hand-held drive device in the present invention.
图中,1、床体;2、导轨;3、架体;4、横向定位销;5、竖向套筒;6、竖向伸缩杆;7、竖向定位销;8、矩形孔;9、矩形筒;10、纵向定位销;11、长条孔;12、支撑杆;13、连接杆;14、电磁铁;15、超声探头;16、超声显示屏;17、箱体;18、横向定位杆;19、定位孔;20、第一双向丝杠;21、驱动盘;22、放置槽;23、矩形槽;24、伸缩块;25、第一弹簧;26、接触杆;27、矩形窗;28、矩形块;29、滑槽;30、滑块;31、第二双向丝杠;32、第一定位销;33、弧形夹紧板;34、圆筒;35、第一伸缩杆;36、第二弹簧;37、橡胶卡块;38、圆槽;39、圆柱杆;40、通过槽;41、封堵槽;42、弧形槽;43、矩形杆;44、第三弹簧;45、圆板;46、电动伸缩杆;47、驱动杆;48、配合槽;49、容纳槽;50、卡紧块;51、第四弹簧;52、驱动板;53、卡孔;54、第一无级变速轮;55、第二无级变速轮;56、第一锥形轮;57、第二锥形轮;58、移动轴;59、第一平移板;60、第一输出轴;61、第二平移板;62、导向杆;63、金属带;64、第一齿轮;65、第二齿轮;66、第三齿轮;67、第四齿轮;68、驱动旋钮;69、壳体;70、驱动套;71、第一单向齿轮;72、第二单向齿轮;73、双面齿条;74、驱动螺栓;75、复位弹簧;76、第五齿轮;77、第六齿轮;78、第七齿轮;79、伸缩式导电触头;80、电阻线圈。In the figure, 1, bed body; 2, guide rail; 3, frame body; 4, horizontal positioning pin; 5, vertical sleeve; 6, vertical telescopic rod; 7, vertical positioning pin; 8, rectangular hole; 9 , rectangular cylinder; 10, longitudinal positioning pin; 11, long hole; 12, support rod; 13, connecting rod; 14, electromagnet; 15, ultrasonic probe; 16, ultrasonic display screen; 17, box body; 18, horizontal Locating rod; 19, locating hole; 20, first two-way screw; 21, driving disc; 22, placing slot; 23, rectangular slot; 24, telescopic block; 25, first spring; 26, contact rod; 27, rectangle Window; 28, rectangular block; 29, chute; 30, slider; 31, second two-way screw; 32, first positioning pin; 33, arc clamping plate; 34, cylinder; 35, first telescopic Rod; 36, second spring; 37, rubber block; 38, circular groove; 39, cylindrical rod; 40, through groove; 41, blocking groove; 42, arc groove; 43, rectangular rod; 44, third Spring; 45, circular plate; 46, electric telescopic rod; 47, driving rod; 48, matching groove; 49, accommodating groove; 50, clamping block; 51, fourth spring; 52, driving plate; 53, clamping hole; 54, the first stepless speed change wheel; 55, the second stepless speed change wheel; 56, the first tapered wheel; 57, the second tapered wheel; 58, the moving shaft; 59, the first translation plate; 60, the first Output shaft; 61, second translation plate; 62, guide rod; 63, metal belt; 64, first gear; 65, second gear; 66, third gear; 67, fourth gear; 68, drive knob; 69 70, drive sleeve; 71, first one-way gear; 72, second one-way gear; 73, double-sided rack; 74, drive bolt; 75, return spring; 76, fifth gear; 77, The sixth gear; 78, the seventh gear; 79, the telescopic conductive contact; 80, the resistance coil.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图1-19本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-19.
实施例一,结合现有技术,本实施例公开了一种超声导向穿刺置管引流装置,用于解决上述背景技术中提到的问题,一种超声导向穿刺置管引流装置,包括床体1,所述床体1的床板上连接有躯体夹持装置,躯体夹持装置实现对患者的身体进行夹持固定,在确定好躯体的病患位置后,然后通过躯体夹持装置对患者的躯体进行固定,防止其在穿刺的过程中进行移动,因为在穿刺的过程中,就是为了防止患者乱动,因为在穿刺的过程中,患者大幅度的动作会使得穿刺针发生移位,从而破坏周围的血管和组织,所述床体1的前后两侧安置有横向导轨2,所述导轨2上横向设置有超声导向装置;Embodiment 1, combined with the prior art, this embodiment discloses an ultrasonic guided puncture catheter placement and drainage device to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology, an ultrasonic guided puncture catheter placement and drainage device, including a bed body 1 . , the bed board of the bed body 1 is connected with a body clamping device. The body clamping device realizes clamping and fixing of the patient's body. After determining the patient position of the body, the body clamping device is used to clamp the patient's body. Fix it to prevent it from moving during the puncture process, because during the puncture process, it is to prevent the patient from tampering, because during the puncture process, the patient's large movements will cause the puncture needle to shift, thereby destroying the surrounding area. The blood vessels and tissues of the bed body 1 are provided with
所述超声导向装置包括横向滑动连接在导轨2上的架体3,架体3开有从导轨2上取下,安装在床体1的任意一侧,方便在不使用的情况下,方便取下,所述架体3上纵向螺纹连接有与导轨2配合的横向定位销4,横向定位销4在旋钮以后,横向定位销4的端部与导轨2一侧进行配合卡紧配合从而使其卡紧在当前位置上,架体3与导轨2的配合是为了调节横向方向上的位置,导轨2的截面为T形,架体3上与导轨2配合的槽体结构,使得架体3只能沿着架体3的横向方向进行移动,所述架体3上端安装有竖向套筒5,所述竖向套筒5内竖向滑动配合有竖向伸缩杆6,所述竖向套筒5上纵向螺纹连接有与竖向伸缩杆6配合的竖向定位销7,竖向定位销7在旋拧以后抵在伸缩杆的一侧,使得竖向伸缩杆6与竖向套筒5之间的相对位置被限制,所述竖向伸缩杆6上端开有矩形孔8,所述矩形孔8内纵向滑动配合有矩形筒9,矩形筒9前后端均开口,所述竖向伸缩杆6上端竖向螺纹连接有与矩形筒9配合的纵向定位销10,纵向定位销10同样也是起到将矩形筒9进行纵向锁定的效果,经过上述三组定位销与相应的结构的配合实现在三维的三个方向上对矩形筒9的位置的调节工作,所述矩形筒9的左右两侧壁上开有倾斜状的长条孔11,两组长条孔11之间滑动配合有置于矩形筒9内的L形支撑杆12,使得支撑杆12只能沿着长条孔11的方向进行移动,支撑杆12的一端经安装在矩形筒9上端的往复机构驱动支撑杆12沿长条孔11的方向移动,长条孔11的设置的目的在于给矩形筒9一个倾斜向下的驱动动作,使得与之连接的超声探头15能随时有一个不间断的向下推动的动作,与现实的医护工作人员的操作相匹配,往复机构采用安装在矩形筒9上端的电动伸缩杆46,所述电动伸缩杆46端部安装有L形的驱动杆47,所述驱动杆47的下端与支撑杆12的一端竖向滑动配合,使得电动伸缩杆46在进行纵向往复移动的过程中驱动端部的驱动杆47在纵向移动的过程中,使得矩形筒9能沿着长条孔11倾斜向下进行往复移动,支撑杆12另一端球铰接有连接杆13,连接杆13与支撑杆12球铰接的位置处设置有相互配合使用的电磁铁14和衔铁,连接杆13与支撑杆12为求铰接的结构,也就是在支撑杆12的端部安装半球形的安装槽,然后将连接杆13上的球状结构安装在安装槽内,球铰接的目的在于方便调节超声探头15的角度,使得超声探头15与患者的病患位置相匹配,同时确保能清晰能看到进针的影像,调节好以后,将半球形内安装的电磁铁14进行通电,使其对球形的衔铁进行吸附,从而达到可靠固定的目的,连接杆13的另一端可拆卸得安装有超声探头15,至于此处可拆卸得安装方式,我们开有采用在超声探头15上开有与连接杆13滑动配合的矩形的配合槽48,连接杆13开有插入到配合槽48内,所述配合槽48的两侧壁上开有矩形的容纳槽49,容纳槽49的前端开口,不封闭,容纳槽49内滑动配合有截面为梯形的卡紧块50,容纳槽49前端开口不封闭的区域设置有限制卡紧块50从中掉出的限位横杆,卡紧块50的端部的倾斜斜面朝向连接杆13一端进行设置,也就是说在连接杆13在插入时会首先碰到卡紧块50的倾斜面,于是能顺利插入到配合槽48内,卡紧块50一端与容纳槽49内底面之间连接有置于容纳槽49内的第四弹簧51,卡紧块50前端连接有延伸出容纳槽49的驱动板52,连接杆13与配合槽48配合的两侧壁上开有与卡紧块50配合的卡孔53,从而构成可拆卸的超声探头15结构,在配合时,连接杆13在插入到配合槽48内时,连接杆13侧壁上有卡孔53的一侧要与卡紧块50进行匹配,连接杆13在碰到倾斜状的卡紧块50以后,会推动第四弹簧51进行压缩,将卡紧块50推送到容纳槽49内,待连接杆13完全进入到配合槽48以后,卡紧块50遇到卡孔53在第四弹簧51的作用下,进入到卡孔53中对连接杆13进行卡紧,在需要进行拆卸时,向外推动驱动板52,使得卡紧块50再次进入到容纳槽49内,即可实现连接杆13与配合槽48的脱离,实现拆卸,架体3上设置有超声显示屏16,方便对超声影像进行实时显示;The ultrasonic guiding device includes a
还包括与患者穿刺部位配合使用的匀速进出针装置,所述的匀速进出针装置包括两组对称设置的箱体17,一组箱体17上安装有横向定位杆18,另一组箱体17上安装有与定位杆横向滑动配合的定位孔19,定位杆与定位孔19的配合的目的在于使得两组箱体17之间只能进行横向方向上的相对移动,两组箱体17之间螺纹连接有横向设置的第一双向丝杠20,第一双向丝杠20与两侧的箱体17螺纹配合的部分螺纹旋向相反,第一双向丝杠20的转动驱动两组箱体17朝着相互靠近或者远离的方向进行移动,从而调节两组箱体17之间的距离,所述箱体17内设置有转速调节装置,转速调节装置用于调节输出轴与输入轴的传动比,从而在进行进针的过程中,调节进针速度的快慢,所述转速调节装置的输出轴同轴连接有置于箱体17外的驱动盘21,所述驱动盘21的外缘开有环形的放置槽22,所述放置槽22内沿周向均布连接有多组矩形槽23,所述矩形槽23端部沿驱动盘21径向滑动配合有伸缩块24且满足不脱离,想要实现伸缩块24的不脱离,只需要在端部安装用于限位的限位框即可实现,所述伸缩块24与矩形槽23内底面之间设置有第一弹簧25,所述伸缩块24端部设置为尖头状,两组驱动盘21上的伸缩块24配合实现对穿刺针、引流管、扩张管的夹持进尺作用,尖头状的伸缩块24会对处于其中的穿刺针、引流管进行夹持以后,随着驱动盘21的转动来进行推送穿刺的工作,伸缩块24的尖头尽量要高于放置槽22的外缘,这样能起到很好的夹持效果,第一双向丝杠20调节两组箱体17之间的距离的目的在于调节不同驱动盘21上的伸缩杆尖头端部之间的距离,从而对不同粗细的穿刺针、引流管、扩张管起到恰到好处的夹持效果,在不对穿刺针、引流管、扩张管进行损伤的前提下,确保穿刺进尺的效率和效果,所述转速调节装置的输入轴连接手持式驱动装置,满足手持式驱动装置对转速调节装置的输入轴实现正反转的驱动工作,同时对输入轴的转动角度和驱动转动的距离进行记录,手持式驱动装置驱动转速调节装置的输入轴进行正反转的工作,从而完成进针和出针的不同的工作状态,手持式驱动装置在驱动时还会对其驱动转速调节装置的输出轴进行转动角度和距离的测速,从而测算出驱动盘21驱动穿刺针、引流管、扩张管进尺的距离,所述的箱体17一端安装有弧形的接触杆26,所述接触杆26与患者的皮肤接触实现对箱体17结构的支撑效果;It also includes a constant-speed needle entry and exit device used in conjunction with the patient's puncture site. The constant-speed needle entry and exit device includes two sets of symmetrically arranged
所述的电磁铁14、超声探头15、超声显示屏16、往复机构与安装在架体3上的第一控制器电性连接,所述的转速调节装置、手持式的驱动装置与箱体17内安装的第二控制器电性连接,第一控制器和第二控制器均采用的集成式的CPU制成,对数据进行采集处理,同时时序控制各个装置进行工作,本发明在使用时,首先对病患的病灶位置进行大致的判断,然后将通过躯体夹持装置对躯体在病患的位置进行夹持,防止病患在穿刺的过程中乱动,夹持好以后,将架体3安装在一侧的导轨2上,然后,将超声探头15对病灶进行造影观察,确定好进针路线,确定好以后,将超声探头15的位置进行确定,通过横向定位销4,纵向定位销10和竖向定位销7对矩形筒9的位置往超声探头15的位置进行移动,移动好以后通过定位销进行位置的锁定,然后将超声探头15与连接杆13进行连接,连接杆13在碰到卡紧块50的倾斜面后客服第四弹簧51,将其推送到容纳槽49内,连接杆13进入到配合槽48内,一旦卡紧块50遇到卡孔53,顺利进入到卡孔53内,实现卡紧连接,然后根据超声探头15的角度利用球铰接调节超声探头15的角度,调节好以后,将电磁铁14通电,使得电磁铁14对衔铁进行吸附,达到锁定当前的超声探头15的角度的目的,在探头角度锁定好以后,在穿刺的过程中,可以通过第一控制器控制电动伸缩杆46进行往复移动,使得支撑杆12沿着长条孔11的方向进行移动,从而使得超声探头15有一个倾斜向下的往复动作,使得超声造影的工作更加直观和倾斜;The
在进行“一步法”穿刺置管时,也就是直接穿刺法时,通过第一双向丝杠20调节两组箱体17之间的距离,使得驱动盘21上的伸缩块24之间的距离与引流管的直径相匹配,然后将两组箱体17上的接触杆26支撑在患者的需要穿刺的位置,然后将组装好的引流管沿着穿刺位置进行插入到两组驱动盘21之间,头部抵在患者皮肤表面,然后通过手持式驱动装置驱动转速调节装置的输入轴进行正向工作,转速调节装置的输出轴驱动驱动盘21进行转动共组,两组驱动盘21配合将引流管匀速穿刺到患者的病灶位置,还可以通过调节转速调节装置控制穿刺的速度,防止过穿以及暴力穿刺损伤组织和血管,同时手持式的驱动装置还会对穿刺的距离进行记录和显示,方便后续进行存档记录,穿刺完毕,抽出内套管和内芯,将引流管锁定在患者的皮肤上即可;When performing the "one-step" puncture and tube placement, that is, the direct puncture method, the distance between the two sets of
在进行“二步法”穿刺置管时,也就是经导丝穿刺法时,通过第一双向丝杠20调节两组箱体17之间的距离,使得驱动盘21上的伸缩块24之间的距离与穿刺针的直径相匹配,然后将两组箱体17上的接触杆26支撑在患者的需要穿刺的位置,然后将组装好的穿刺针沿着穿刺位置进行插入到两组驱动盘21之间,头部抵在患者皮肤表面,然后通过手持式驱动装置驱动转速调节装置的输入轴进行正向工作,转速调节装置的输出轴驱动驱动盘21进行转动共作,两组驱动盘21配合将穿刺针匀速穿刺到患者的病灶位置,还可以通过调节转速调节装置控制穿刺的速度,防止过穿以及暴力穿刺损伤组织和血管,同时手持式的驱动装置还会对穿刺的距离进行记录和显示,然后,将穿刺针的针芯取出,一手扶着本装置,另一手在穿刺针内插入导丝,导丝插入完毕后,手扶导丝,通过手持式驱动装置驱动转速调节装置的输入轴进行反向工作,将穿刺针从患者体内取出,然后将扩张管沿导丝按照上述步骤插入到人体病灶处,然后通过手持式驱动装置驱动转速调节装置的输入轴进行反向工作,将扩张管取出,然后将引流管和内套管的组合沿着导丝按照上述的方式进行穿刺,通过手持式驱动装置记录的数据,来对引流管进行同样行程的穿刺处理,防止过穿,在到达病灶以后,将导丝取出,然后将内套管取出,还可以通过打开第一双向丝杠20调节两组箱体17之间的距离,将整个装置取下,在穿刺的过程中,可以通过转速调节装置随时调节穿刺的速度,穿刺完毕,抽出内套管和内芯,将引流管锁定在患者的皮肤上即可,本实施例能有效得解放医护人员,整个过程一名医护人员就可以完成,一步法和二步法穿刺法均适用本装置,穿刺过程匀速且进尺角度平稳不易偏差,穿刺的速度可以根据情况进行随时的选择,提高了穿刺的效率和穿刺的精准程度,同时还减轻了医护人员的工作压力,避免因主观问题造成的穿刺失误,避免了过穿以及暴力穿刺的现象,操作简单,实用性强,适合推广。When performing the "two-step method" puncture and tube placement, that is, the guide wire puncture method, the distance between the two groups of
实施例二,在实施例一的基础上,所述的躯体夹持装置包括开在床体1床板上的两组矩形窗27,两组矩形窗27纵向间隔布设,矩形窗27内横向滑动配合有两组矩形块28,使得矩形块28只能沿着矩形窗27的横向方向进行移动,所述矩形块28上端开有截面为T形的滑槽29,所述滑槽29内滑动配合有截面为T形的滑块30,滑块30只能沿着滑槽29的纵向方向进行移动,处于左右同侧的两组矩形块28之间纵向转动连接有置于相应侧的滑槽29内的第二双向丝杠31,左侧的两组矩形块28公用一个第二双向丝杠31,右侧的两组矩形块28公用一个第二双向丝杠31,所述第二双向丝杠31分别与左右同侧的两组滑槽29内的滑块30螺纹配合,且同一第二双向丝杠31与其上螺纹配合的两组滑块30的螺纹配合的方向相反,使得第二双向丝杠31在转动的过程中,驱动两组滑块30朝着相同或者相反的方向进行移动,同一第二双向丝杠31上连接的两组矩形块28的其中一组矩形块28的一侧竖向螺纹连接有与床板下端配合的第一定位销32,第一定位销32起到将两组矩形块28在矩形窗27内进行锁定的效果,所述滑块30上端可拆卸式的连接有弧形夹紧板33,至于此处的可拆卸结构,所述滑块30上端开有竖向设置的圆槽38,所述的弧形夹紧板33下端连接有与圆槽38竖向滑动配合的圆柱杆39,所述圆槽38侧壁上开有上端开口的纵向设置的矩形通过槽40,圆槽38侧壁上开有上端不开口的横向设置的矩形封堵槽41,通过槽40和封堵槽41呈十字交叉状,通过槽40与封堵槽41之间通过弧形槽42进行连通,所述的圆柱杆39下端连接有与通过槽40和封堵槽41竖向滑动配合的矩形杆43,所述的圆槽38内底面连接有第三弹簧44,所述第三弹簧44的上端连接有竖向滑动配合在圆槽38内的圆板45,所述圆板45与圆柱杆39下底面接触配合,从而构成可拆卸的弧形夹紧板33结构,在圆柱杆39上的矩形杆43沿着通过槽40向下插入到圆槽38内时,此时克服第三弹簧44的弹力,驱动圆板45向下移动,移动到弧形槽42的位置时,转动弧形杆九十度,使得矩形杆43转动到封堵槽41的位置处,在第三弹簧44的作用下,圆柱杆39向上移动一端距离,矩形杆43卡在封堵槽41内不能进行转动,在拆卸式,只需向下克服第三弹簧44的弹力,使得矩形杆43到达弧形槽42的位置,然后反向转动九十度,从通过操拔出即可,此处设置的目的在于使得其上的弧形夹紧板33能随时方便拆卸,不影响床体1的正常使用所述弧形夹紧板33朝向弧形圆心的一侧面上均布连接有径向设置的多组圆筒34,所述圆筒34内径向滑动配合有第一伸缩杆35,所述第一伸缩杆35与圆筒34内底面之间连接有第二弹簧36,所述第一伸缩杆35朝向弧形夹紧板33中心的一端连接有弧形的橡胶卡块37,伸缩式的夹紧结构,使得患者在夹持的过程中不会造成刚性的损伤,本实施例在使用时,在确定好患者的穿刺位置后,通过移动左右两侧的两组矩形块28到达指定位置,然后利用第一定位销32进行锁定,然后将弧形卡紧块50安装在滑块30上,根据患者的体型,通过调节两组第二双向丝杠31,使得同侧的滑块30朝着相同或者相反的方向进行移动,实现夹紧的效果,使用完毕将夹紧板拆卸后,将装置恢复原状即可。
实施例三,在实施例一的基础上,所述的转速调节装置包括沿上下方向设置在箱体17内且相互配合的第一无级变速轮54和第二无级变速轮55,此处的转速调节装置公开了一种无级变速的调节结构,所述无级变速轮包括相对设置的第一锥形轮56和第二锥形轮57,也就是说每组无级变速轮都有两组锥形轮结构,两组锥形轮的锥形面相对设置,上侧的第一锥形轮56外端面同轴连接有移动轴58,所述移动轴58外同轴转动连接有第一平移板59,第一平移板59与移动轴58之间通过轴承进行转动连接,所述移动轴58前端伸出第一平移板59且与纵向转动连接在箱体17上的第一输出轴60轴向滑动配合,此处的轴向滑动配合可以采用键-键槽的连接方式实现轴向滑动配合,使得移动轴58只能相对于第一输出轴60进行轴向移动,但是同时两组能一起进行转动,所述第一输出轴60与转速调节装置的输出轴同轴连接,也就是说第一输出轴60作为转速调节装置的输出轴进行使用,上侧的第二锥形轮57转动连接在箱体17内,下侧的第二锥形轮57外端面同轴转动连接有第二平移板61,第二平移板61与第二锥形轮57的外端面同样通过轴承进行连接,下侧的第一锥形轮56转动连接在箱体17内,还包括设置在无级变速轮上下两侧的转动连接在箱体17内的导向杆62,导向杆62为四组,一个无级变速轮配合使用的有两组,两组导向杆62起到定位的作用,同时为了防止平移板进行旋转,所述第一平移板59和第二平移板61的两侧分别螺纹配合在与其相对应的导向杆62上,四组导向杆62经安装在箱体17内的传动装置驱动进行同步转动,在四组导向杆62进行转动的过程中,会使得相应侧的平移板进行同步移动,下侧的第一锥形轮56的转轴与转速调节装置的输入轴同轴连接,所述第一无级变速轮54和第二无级变速轮55之间套设有金属带63,金属带63是为了使得锥面齿轮之间的传动更加可靠,所述传动装置与第二控制器之间电性连接;
所述的传动装置包括同轴连接在导向杆62上的第一齿轮64,同一无级变速轮上的两组第一齿轮64之间啮合有转动连接在箱体17内的第二齿轮65,所述第二齿轮65同轴连接有第三齿轮66,两组第三齿轮66之间啮合有转动连接在箱体17内的第四齿轮67,所述第四齿轮67的转轴外同轴连接有置于箱体17外的驱动旋钮68,所述驱动旋钮68上设置有指针,所述箱体17外侧壁上设置有与指针配合的刻度,所述驱动旋钮68与第二控制器之间电性连接,驱动旋钮68上的指针会在旋钮后指到相应的刻度,然后,第二控制器会记录下此处的传动比,对后续的行程技术进行参数的记录工作,也就是说,在输入轴的转动角度已知的情况下,通过实时的传动比,就可以得到输出轴的转动角度,从而计算出驱动盘21驱动相应针型的进尺行程,本实施例在使用时,通过旋钮驱动旋钮68,带动第四齿轮67进行转动,第四齿轮67带动两侧的第三齿轮66进行工作,第三齿轮66带动同轴的第二齿轮65进行工作,第二齿轮65驱动两侧的第一齿轮64进行工作,第一齿轮64的转动,使得两组导向杆62进行转动,从而驱动上侧的第一平移板59以及第一锥形轮56进行纵向的往复移动,驱动下侧的第二平移板61以及第二锥形轮57进行纵向的同步往复移动,从而调节金属带63在两组无级变速轮之间的传动比,从而达到无级调速的目的。The transmission device includes a
实施例四,在实施例一的基础上,所述手持式驱动装置包括连接在箱体17下侧且远离两组箱体17中心一侧面为开口状的壳体69,所述壳体69的远离两组箱体17中心一侧的开口端横向滑动配合有一手握式驱动套70,且驱动套70只能沿着壳体69进行横向方向的移动,且使用者手握的位置就是驱动套70的位置,所述壳体69内分别转动连接有处于上侧的第一单向齿轮71和处于下侧的第二单向齿轮72,两组单向齿轮的传动方向相反,所述的驱动套70内竖向滑动配合有双面齿条73,所述双面齿条73横向设置且置于两组单向齿轮之间,所述驱动套70上竖向螺纹连接有驱动螺栓74,所述驱动螺栓74端部与双面齿条73转动连接,双面齿条73在处于竖向的极限位置处分别与相应侧的单向齿轮啮合,也就是说,驱动螺栓74的转动会使得双面齿条73在竖向方向进行位置的改变,在向上移动的极限位置后,会与第一单向齿轮71啮合,不与第二单向齿轮72啮合,在向下移动的极限位置后,会与第二单向齿轮72啮合,而不与第一单向齿轮71啮合,所述的双面齿条73与壳体69侧壁之间连接有横向设置的复位弹簧75,复位弹簧75起到将驱动套70复位的作用,使得使用者通过一直按压驱动套70,从而单向驱动相应侧的单向齿轮的目的,所述第一单向齿轮71与转动连接在壳体69内的第五齿轮76啮合,第二单向齿轮72与转动连接在壳体69内的第六齿轮77啮合,所述第五齿轮76和第六齿轮77之间经皮带进行传动连接,还包括同轴连接在转速调节装置的输入轴上的第七齿轮78,所述第七齿轮78与第五齿轮76啮合,此处的第五齿轮76和第六齿轮77以及第七齿轮78均起到换向以及动力过渡的目的;In the fourth embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, the hand-held driving device includes a
所述的双面齿条73上连接有齿条位移计算装置,用于计算齿条与单向齿轮啮合驱动的转动角度和路程,所述的齿条位移计算装置与第二控制器之间电性连接,所述的齿条位移计算装置包括连接在双面齿条73上的伸缩式导电触头79,还包括横向设置在壳体69内的多组电阻线圈80,伸缩式导电触头79与电阻线圈80接触配合构成滑动变阻器的结构,导电触头与多组电阻线圈80构成电阻电路,所述电阻电路与第二控制器之间电性连接,此处需要注意的是,复位弹簧75将双面齿条73复位后,在复位弹簧75处于自然状态时,双面齿条73处于刚好要和单向齿轮啮合的状态,同时此时的电阻电路中的电阻为零,双面齿条73移动的距离可以通过电阻值的变化来进行反馈,然后通过第二控制器进行采集记录,得到双面齿条73驱动相应齿轮的转动角度数,结合转速调节装置的转速比,从而可以换算处驱动盘21驱动相应针型的穿刺进尺,非常使用和方便,本实施例在使用时,驱动驱动螺栓74,将双面齿条73旋拧至向上的极限位置,此时,双面齿条73与第一单向齿轮71进行啮合,使用者通过用力按压两侧的驱动套70,驱动双面齿条73克服复位弹簧75进行移动,驱动第一单向齿轮71进行工作,第一单向齿轮71驱动第五齿轮76,然后驱动第七齿轮78进行工作,为转速调节装置提高动力输入,同时电阻电路会记录下本次的双面齿条73的行程,然后通过按压结束,复位弹簧75会将驱动套70进行复位,此时第一单向齿轮71不会被驱动转动,驱动套70恢复到初始位置,周而复始,实现进尺匀速的穿刺工作,在需要进行退针时,通过驱动螺栓74,将双面齿条73旋拧至向下的极限位置,此时,双面齿条73与第二单向齿轮72进行啮合,使用者通过用力按压两侧的驱动套70,驱动双面齿条73克服复位弹簧75进行移动,驱动第二单向齿轮72进行工作,第二单向齿轮72驱动第六齿轮77带动第五齿轮76进行工作,然后驱动第七齿轮78进行工作,为转速调节装置提高反向的动力输入,同时电阻电路会记录下本次的双面齿条73的行程,然后通过按压结束,复位弹簧75会将驱动套70进行复位,此时第二单向齿轮72不会被驱动转动,驱动套70恢复到初始位置,周而复始,完成退针工作。The double-
本发明在使用时,首先对病患的病灶位置进行大致的判断,然后在确定好患者的穿刺位置后,通过移动左右两侧的两组矩形块28到达指定位置,然后利用第一定位销32进行锁定,然后将弧形卡紧块50安装在滑块30上,根据患者的体型,通过调节两组第二双向丝杠31,使得同侧的滑块30朝着相同或者相反的方向进行移动,实现夹紧的效果,防止病患在穿刺的过程中乱动,夹持好以后,将架体3安装在一侧的导轨2上,然后,将超声探头15对病灶进行造影观察,确定好进针路线,确定好以后,将超声探头15的位置进行确定,通过横向定位销4,纵向定位销10和竖向定位销7对矩形筒9的位置往超声探头15的位置进行移动,移动好以后通过定位销进行位置的锁定,然后将超声探头15与连接杆13进行连接,连接杆13在碰到卡紧块50的倾斜面后客服第四弹簧51,将其推送到容纳槽49内,连接杆13进入到配合槽48内,一旦卡紧块50遇到卡孔53,顺利进入到卡孔53内,实现卡紧连接,然后根据超声探头15的角度利用球铰接调节超声探头15的角度,调节好以后,将电磁铁14通电,使得电磁铁14对衔铁进行吸附,达到锁定当前的超声探头15的角度的目的,在探头角度锁定好以后,在穿刺的过程中,可以通过第一控制器控制电动伸缩杆46进行往复移动,使得支撑杆12沿着长条孔11的方向进行移动,从而使得超声探头15有一个倾斜向下的往复动作,使得超声造影的工作更加直观和倾斜;When the present invention is used, the patient's lesion position is roughly judged first, and then after the patient's puncture position is determined, the two groups of
在进行“一步法”穿刺置管时,也就是直接穿刺法时,通过第一双向丝杠20调节两组箱体17之间的距离,使得驱动盘21上的伸缩块24之间的距离与引流管的直径相匹配,然后将两组箱体17上的接触杆26支撑在患者的需要穿刺的位置,然后将组装好的引流管沿着穿刺位置进行插入到两组驱动盘21之间,头部抵在患者皮肤表面,然后通过手持式驱动装置驱动转速调节装置的输入轴进行正向工作,转速调节装置的输出轴驱动驱动盘21进行转动工作,两组驱动盘21配合将引流管匀速穿刺到患者的病灶位置,还可以通过调节转速调节装置控制穿刺的速度,防止过穿以及暴力穿刺损伤组织和血管,同时手持式的驱动装置还会对穿刺的距离进行记录和显示,方便后续进行存档记录,穿刺完毕,抽出内套管和内芯,将引流管锁定在患者的皮肤上即可;When performing the "one-step" puncture and tube placement, that is, the direct puncture method, the distance between the two sets of
在进行“二步法”穿刺置管时,也就是经导丝穿刺法时,通过第一双向丝杠20调节两组箱体17之间的距离,使得驱动盘21上的伸缩块24之间的距离与穿刺针的直径相匹配,然后将两组箱体17上的接触杆26支撑在患者的需要穿刺的位置,然后将组装好的穿刺针沿着穿刺位置进行插入到两组驱动盘21之间,头部抵在患者皮肤表面,然后通过手持式驱动装置驱动转速调节装置的输入轴进行正向工作,转速调节装置的输出轴驱动驱动盘21进行转动共作,两组驱动盘21配合将穿刺针匀速穿刺到患者的病灶位置,还可以通过调节转速调节装置控制穿刺的速度,防止过穿以及暴力穿刺损伤组织和血管,同时手持式的驱动装置还会对穿刺的距离进行记录和显示,然后,将穿刺针的针芯取出,一手扶着本装置,另一手在穿刺针内插入导丝,导丝插入完毕后,手扶导丝,通过手持式驱动装置驱动转速调节装置的输入轴进行反向工作,将穿刺针从患者体内取出,然后将扩张管沿导丝按照上述步骤插入到人体病灶处,然后通过手持式驱动装置驱动转速调节装置的输入轴进行反向工作,将扩张管取出,然后将引流管和内套管的组合沿着导丝按照上述的方式进行穿刺,通过手持式驱动装置记录的数据,来对引流管进行同样行程的穿刺处理,防止过穿,在到达病灶以后,将导丝取出,然后将内套管取出,还可以通过打开第一双向丝杠20调节两组箱体17之间的距离,将整个装置取下,在穿刺的过程中,可以通过转速调节装置随时调节穿刺的速度,穿刺完毕,抽出内套管和内芯,将引流管锁定在患者的皮肤上即可,本发明能有效得解放医护人员,整个过程一名医护人员就可以完成,一步法和二步法穿刺法均适用本装置,穿刺过程匀速且进尺角度平稳不易偏差,穿刺的速度可以根据情况进行随时的选择,提高了穿刺的效率和穿刺的精准程度,同时还减轻了医护人员的工作压力,避免因主观问题造成的穿刺失误,避免了过穿以及暴力穿刺的现象,操作简单,实用性强,适合推广。When performing the "two-step method" puncture and tube placement, that is, the guide wire puncture method, the distance between the two groups of
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.
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CN116035671A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-05-02 | 中国人民解放军总医院第三医学中心 | An ultrasound-guided nerve block puncture positioning device |
CN118319667A (en) * | 2024-05-30 | 2024-07-12 | 江南大学附属医院 | Anesthesia puncture fixator used in pain department |
CN119548361A (en) * | 2025-02-05 | 2025-03-04 | 温州医科大学附属第二医院(温州医科大学附属育英儿童医院) | PICC puncture and catheterization intraoperative auxiliary device |
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CN116035671A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-05-02 | 中国人民解放军总医院第三医学中心 | An ultrasound-guided nerve block puncture positioning device |
CN116035671B (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-05-26 | 中国人民解放军总医院第三医学中心 | Nerve block puncture positioning device under ultrasonic guidance |
CN118319667A (en) * | 2024-05-30 | 2024-07-12 | 江南大学附属医院 | Anesthesia puncture fixator used in pain department |
CN119548361A (en) * | 2025-02-05 | 2025-03-04 | 温州医科大学附属第二医院(温州医科大学附属育英儿童医院) | PICC puncture and catheterization intraoperative auxiliary device |
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