CN114343256A - Damping material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Damping material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114343256A CN114343256A CN202111533679.7A CN202111533679A CN114343256A CN 114343256 A CN114343256 A CN 114343256A CN 202111533679 A CN202111533679 A CN 202111533679A CN 114343256 A CN114343256 A CN 114343256A
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011359 shock absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QWXYZCJEXYQNEI-OSZHWHEXSA-N intermediate I Chemical compound COC(=O)[C@@]1(C=O)[C@H]2CC=[N+](C\C2=C\C)CCc2c1[nH]c1ccccc21 QWXYZCJEXYQNEI-OSZHWHEXSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41C—CORSETS; BRASSIERES
- A41C3/00—Brassieres
- A41C3/005—Brassieres specially adapted for specific purposes
- A41C3/0057—Brassieres specially adapted for specific purposes for sport activities
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41B—SHIRTS; UNDERWEAR; BABY LINEN; HANDKERCHIEFS
- A41B17/00—Selection of special materials for underwear
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/015—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with shock-absorbing means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/02—Layered materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
- A41D31/28—Shock absorbing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a damping material and a preparation method and application thereof. The shock absorption material sequentially comprises a surface layer, a shock absorption functional layer and a bottom layer, wherein the shock absorption functional layer comprises a plurality of spiral bodies, and the thread pitches of the spiral bodies are in micron-sized. The damping material disclosed by the invention has a good damping effect, and can be widely applied to the fields of clothing, sports equipment or protective articles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and particularly relates to a damping material as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the process of human body movement, some special parts (such as breasts) can swing along with movement, particularly when running, bouncing and other strenuous movements are carried out, if the sports type chest circumference is not worn, the breasts can easily swing to a large extent independently, and elastic fiber tissues in the breasts are permanently injured. Statistically, five women with five visits do not know that the elastic fiber tissue of the breast is injured by the severe shaking of the breast during movement, resulting in loose and drooping breast. Nowadays, the shock-absorbing material who is applied to human motion is mostly multilayer structure design, and wherein, the material that is used for absorbing functional layer is mostly sponge or rubber, and the shock attenuation effect is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art described above. Therefore, the invention provides a damping material which has the characteristic of good damping effect.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the damping material.
The invention also provides a bra with the shock-absorbing material.
The invention also provides sports wear with the damping material.
The invention also provides a motion protection device with the shock absorption material.
The invention also provides application of the damping material.
The invention provides a damping material, which sequentially comprises a surface layer, a damping function layer and a bottom layer, wherein the damping function layer comprises a plurality of spiral bodies, and the thread pitch of the spiral bodies is in a micron order.
The damping material provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the invention relates to a composite damping material, which realizes the damping effect through the design of a multilayer structure. The shock absorption function layer comprises a spiral body, reacting force can be applied along with external amplitude, the swinging of human body soft tissue in the motion process is reduced, and the shock absorption effect is achieved. In addition, according to the actual production needs, can make the spirochaeta be the size less, can disperse more evenly in the shock attenuation functional layer, more effective stress concentration of relieving improves the travelling comfort of product.
The invention solves the problem that the part of tissue in the human body movement process irregularly moves to cause the irreversible damage to the soft tissue, has good shock absorption effect, improves the safety of human body movement, and can be widely applied to the fields of clothing, sports equipment or protective articles.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the surface layer, the shock absorbing functional layer and the bottom layer are fixedly connected in sequence.
In some embodiments of the invention, the spirals are evenly distributed in the shock absorbing functional layer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the helical body comprises a magnetic material.
Through the above embodiment, the spiral body includes the magnetic material, so that the spiral body has a certain electromagnetic characteristic. In the process of preparing the shock absorption function layer, the spiral body has electromagnetic property, and can be matched with the magnetism of a die containing magnetic sites to realize the accurate positioning of the spiral body.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the magnetic material comprises at least one of nano nickel, nano iron oxide, nano iron carbide or nano iron nitride.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the magnetic material is added in an amount of 3 to 20% by mass of the spiral.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the magnetic material is located at the bottom or in the middle of the spiral body.
In some embodiments of the invention, the spiral further comprises at least one of a urethane-modified epoxy resin or a urethane-modified acrylic resin.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the spiral comprises a urethane-modified photocurable acrylic resin.
In some embodiments of the invention, the helix is a conical or frustoconical helix.
Through above-mentioned embodiment, the excellent damping characteristic of traditional protective material can provide the help of shock attenuation buffering for the protection position, and its texture is comparatively soft, needs big deformation can only absorb higher buffering energy. Compared with the traditional protective material, the shockproof material has excellent damping characteristic, the gradually-changed cross section of the spiral body can gradually adjust the contact area according to the depth of external contact, the contact area is intelligently responded and improved, and the passive shock absorption of an object is realized. The shock absorption efficiency of the invention is improved by about 20 percent when the deformation is the same.
In some embodiments of the invention, the pitch of the helix is 200 to 1000 μm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the spiral body has 5 to 10 turns.
In some embodiments of the invention, the height of the helix is 1-10 mm.
The height is the distance between the top and the bottom of the spiral body, the top is the narrower part of the spiral body, and the bottom is the wider part of the spiral body.
In some embodiments of the invention, the diameter of the bottom of the spiral body is 1-10 mm.
The bottom of the spiral body is a supporting surface of the spiral body and is the surface of the spiral body close to the bottom layer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the diameter of the top of the helix is 0.5 to 5 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a spiral line is disposed between the top and the bottom of the spiral body, and the spiral line is spirally connected to the top and the bottom of the spiral body.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the helical line is helically formed into a plurality of helical turns, and a gap between adjacent two helical turns is 20 to 50% of the pitch.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the width of the spiral line is 20 to 40% of the radius of the spiral turn in which the spiral line is located.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the top of the spiral body is provided with a top surface, the bottom of the spiral body is provided with a bottom surface, the spiral line is arranged between the top surface and the bottom surface, and the spiral line forms a spiral area of the hollow structure.
In some embodiments of the invention, the distance between two adjacent helices is 5-30 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the distance between the bottom of the spiral and the surface layer is greater than the distance between the bottom of the spiral and the bottom layer.
Through the above embodiment, each size of the spiral body can be adjusted according to the thickness of the damping material or the damping effect requirement, so as to meet the actual application requirement.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the shock absorbing functional layer further comprises a resin matrix.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the resin matrix comprises at least one of polyurethane, polyacrylate, silicone rubber, or borosilicate rubber.
With the above embodiment, the spiral can be partially swollen with the resin matrix, but not dissolved.
Meanwhile, the modulus of the spiral body is different from that of the resin matrix, the damping function of the spiral body is to form a cross-linked network, and the density and the modulus are relatively lower than those of the resin matrix.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the ratio of the mass parts of the resin matrix to the spiral body is (10-300): 1.
Through the embodiment, the mass ratio of the resin matrix to the spiral bodies mainly reflects the distribution degree of the spiral bodies, the denser the distribution is, the supporting effect is improved, the cushioning performance is improved, but the comfort level is reduced; the looser the distribution, the lower the support effect and the lower the cushioning performance, but the higher the comfort.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the mass parts of the resin matrix to the helical body is (20-200): 1.
In some more preferred embodiments of the invention, the ratio of the mass fraction of the resin matrix to the helical body is about 40: 1.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the elastic modulus of the material of the spiral body is 10 to 100 times the elastic modulus of the resin matrix.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the elastic modulus of the resin matrix is 1 to 10 Mpa.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the resin matrix is polyurethane, and the raw materials of the polyurethane include polyol, isocyanate, and catalyst.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the catalyst is present in an amount of 0.01 to 1% by mass based on the total raw material of the resin matrix.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the molar ratio of the polyol to the isocyanate is 1 (0.9 to 1.2).
Through above-mentioned embodiment, can change polyurethane material's physical properties through the proportion adjustment of raw materials, for example material hardness index, can improve the cushioning effect of spirochaeta through proportion optimization, for example resin matrix material is softer for the spirochaeta material, and when receiving the impact, the supporting role of spirochaeta is more obvious, and the shock attenuation effect is also better.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the surface layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 1 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the shock absorbing functional layer is 2 to 11 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the bottom layer is 0.5 to 2 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the surface layer comprises a short fiber reinforced elastomeric material comprising amide groups.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the short fiber-reinforced elastomeric material comprises at least one of silicone rubber, polyurethane, or borosilicate-modified acrylic.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials of the short fiber-reinforced elastomeric material include short fibers containing amide groups and a matrix material.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the amide group-containing short fiber includes at least one of an aramid fiber, a polyimide fiber, or a polyamide fiber.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the matrix material comprises at least one of polyurethane or acrylate.
Through the embodiment, hydrogen bonds can be generated between the base material and the short fibers containing the amide groups, so that the performance of the surface layer material is improved, and the friction resistance and the washing resistance of the surface layer material are improved.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the short fiber containing an amide group has a fiber diameter of 0.5 to 2 mm.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the short fiber containing an amide group is added in an amount of 5 to 30% by mass based on the total raw material of the surface layer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the bottom layer comprises a flexible elastomer having a Tg of 30 ℃ or less.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the underlayer comprises a flexible elastomer having a Tg of (-20) to 30 ℃.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the soft elastomer comprises at least one of silicone rubber, polyurethane, or borosilicate-modified acrylic.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a damping material is provided, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a spiral body in a 3D printing or injection molding mode, wherein the thread pitch of the spiral body is micron-sized;
s2, preparing a shock absorption function layer by adopting a resin matrix and a spiral body;
and S3, respectively arranging a surface layer and a bottom layer on two sides of the shock absorption function layer to obtain the shock absorption material.
In some embodiments of the invention, in step S1, the spiral body has a conical or circular truncated cone-shaped spiral structure.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, a magnetic material is added to the 3D printing material, and the 3D printing results in a spiral body; or 3D printing is carried out by adopting a 3D printing material to obtain an intermediate I, and a layer of magnetic material is sprayed on the bottom of the intermediate I to obtain the spiral body.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, a mold with magnetic sites is taken, the spiral body is positioned at the magnetic sites of the mold, and the resin matrix is injected into the mold by injection molding to prepare the shock absorbing functional layer.
Through the above embodiment, the spiral body has certain electromagnetic characteristics, so that the spiral body corresponds to the magnetic position of the mold, and the spiral body is accurately positioned.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, after the spiral is positioned at the magnetic site, the excess spiral is removed by a dust suction device, and then a resin matrix is injected into the mold in step S2.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the surface layer is formed by injection, casting or compression molding.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, short fibers containing amide groups are added to a base material to obtain a surface layer precursor, and the surface layer precursor is prepared by injection, casting, or compression molding to obtain the surface layer.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the bottom layer is formed by injection, casting or compression molding.
In a third aspect of the present invention, a brassiere is provided, which comprises the above-mentioned cushioning material.
In a fourth aspect of the invention, a sports garment is provided, which comprises the shock-absorbing material.
In a fifth aspect of the invention, a sports guard is proposed, which comprises the above-mentioned shock-absorbing material.
In a sixth aspect of the invention, the application of the shock-absorbing material in the field of clothing, sports equipment or protective articles is provided.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a spiral body in a shock-absorbing material in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the PBD value test in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative example.
Reference numerals: 1. a top surface; 2. a bottom surface; 3. a spiral line; 4. a helical coil; 5. a gap between two adjacent helical turns; 6. pitch of the thread; 7. the width of the spiral line.
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality is one or more, the meaning of a plurality is two or more, and the above, below, exceeding, etc. are understood as excluding the present numbers, and the above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the present numbers. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
Details of materials used in the examples of the present invention are as follows:
polyurethane modified photocuring acrylic resin: formlabs tough 150; other resins from the Formlabs tough series, Boxing New materials B70 series, Laromer series, and NeoRad from DSM may also be used.
Polyurethane: the polyurethane resin is purchased from basf and comprises a polyurethane prepolymer, an added filler and an auxiliary agent; polyurethane resins from other suppliers such as Wanhua and DuPont may also be used.
Example 1
This embodiment has prepared a shock-absorbing material, including fixed connection's superficial layer, shock attenuation functional layer and bottom in proper order, including a plurality of spirochaetes in the shock attenuation functional layer, spirochaete evenly distributed in the shock attenuation functional layer. The thickness of superficial layer is 0.5mm, and the thickness of shock attenuation functional layer is 5mm, and the thickness of bottom is 1 mm.
The spiral body is a circular truncated cone-shaped spiral structure, and the structural schematic diagram is shown in fig. 1 (fig. 1 is only a structural schematic diagram of the spiral body, and does not represent actual sizes, proportions and spiral turns of each part of the spiral body): the spiral line structure comprises a top surface 1 and a bottom surface 2, wherein a spiral line 3 is arranged between the top surface and the bottom surface, and the spiral line forms a spiral area with a hollow structure. Spiral line spiral connection is in the top surface (top) and the bottom surface (bottom) of the spiral body, and the spiral line spiral forms a plurality of helicoils 4, and clearance 5 between two adjacent helicoils is 50% of pitch 6, and the width 7 of spiral line is 20 ~ 40% of the radius of spiral line place helicoil. The height of the spiral body is 5mm, the diameter of the top is 2mm, the diameter of the bottom is 5mm, the number of spiral turns is 10, and the thread pitch is 500 mu m.
The preparation of the damping material comprises the following steps:
preparing spirochete: 100g of polyurethane modified photocuring acrylic resin is taken, a magnetic material (10 g of nano ferric oxide) is added into the polyurethane modified photocuring acrylic resin, and then the spiral body is obtained by adopting a 3D printing mode (or the spiral body can be obtained by adopting an injection molding mode);
(II) preparing a shock absorption functional layer: cleaning a mold with magnetic sites, positioning the magnetic spiral body obtained in the step I at the magnetic sites, removing redundant spiral bodies through a dust suction device, enabling the distance between every two adjacent spiral bodies to be 10mm, and injecting resin matrix polyurethane into the mold in an injection molding mode to prepare the shock absorption function layer, wherein the mass part ratio of the resin matrix to the spiral bodies is 20: 1. The elastic modulus of the material of the spiral body is 210MPa, and the elastic modulus of the polyurethane serving as the resin matrix of the shock absorption function layer is 3 MPa.
(III) preparation of the surface layer: short fiber-aramid fiber (polyimide fiber and polyamide fiber can also be adopted) with amide groups is added into the base material-polyurethane, the elastic modulus of the polyurethane is 10MPa, the average diameter of the fiber is about 1mm (the fiber diameter is 0.5-2 mm), and the addition content of the short fiber is 10% of the total raw material mass of the surface layer. And preparing the surface layer on one side of the shock absorption functional layer in an injection molding mode.
(IV) preparation of the bottom layer: the damping material is prepared by taking a soft elastomer polyurethane (silicon rubber or borosilicate modified acrylic resin can also be adopted) as a raw material, wherein the elastic modulus of the polyurethane is 1Mpa, and forming a bottom layer on the side of the damping function layer, which is far away from the surface layer, in an injection molding mode to obtain the damping material, wherein the Tg of the flexible elastomer of the bottom layer is below minus 20 ℃ (the Tg of the flexible elastomer can also be minus 20 ℃ to 30 ℃). The distance between the bottom of the spiral body and the surface layer is larger than the distance between the bottom of the spiral body and the bottom layer.
This embodiment has prepared a brassiere, the cup of brassiere embeds the shock-absorbing material that this embodiment prepared. Wherein, the resin matrix-polyurethane (elastic modulus: 3MPa) in the shock absorption functional layer, the matrix material-polyurethane (elastic modulus: 10MPa) in the surface layer, and the soft elastomer-polyurethane (elastic modulus: 1MPa) in the bottom layer are all polyurethane resin: available from basf and includes polyurethane prepolymer, added filler and auxiliaries. When in use, the three polyurethanes with different elastic moduli are obtained by adjusting the proportions of the polyurethane prepolymer, the added filler and the auxiliary agent.
Example 2
This example prepared a vibration damper, which was different from example 1 in that: the mass portion ratio of the resin matrix to the spiral body is 40: 1.
This embodiment has prepared a brassiere, the cup of brassiere embeds the shock-absorbing material that this embodiment prepared.
Example 3
This example prepared a vibration damper, which was different from example 1 in that: the mass portion ratio of the resin matrix to the spiral body is 200: 1.
This embodiment has prepared a brassiere, the cup of brassiere embeds the shock-absorbing material that this embodiment prepared.
Example 4
This example prepared a vibration damper, which was different from example 1 in that:
preparing spirochete: taking 100g of polyurethane modified photocuring acrylic resin, obtaining an intermediate I by adopting a 3D printing mode, spraying a layer of magnetic material at the bottom of the intermediate I to obtain a spiral body, wherein the magnetic material is 10g of nano iron oxide.
Example 5
This example prepared a vibration damper, which was different from example 1 in that:
in this embodiment, the spiral body is conical, and the raw material of the polyurethane, which is the resin matrix of the shock absorption function layer, includes polyol, isocyanate and a catalyst. The catalyst is DY-20 organic bismuth catalyst which is purchased from Shanghai Desheng chemical Limited department. Wherein, the mass fraction of the catalyst is 0.2 percent and the molar ratio of the polyalcohol to the isocyanate is 1:1.1 based on the total raw materials of the resin matrix.
Comparative example
This comparative example prepared a vibration damper, which was different from example 1 in that: the shock absorbing material does not contain a spiral body.
A brassiere is prepared in this embodiment, the cup of brassiere embeds the shock attenuation material that this comparative example prepared.
Test examples
The experimental example tests the damping performance of the bras prepared in the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative example, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the same brassiere-like garments prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example were worn by college students of 75C brassiere size as experimental subjects, and the displacement data of the breasts under the same exercise intensity were measured.
Test apparatus and methods:
adopt infrared motion capture system to gather the breast motion, arrange a set of treadmill at test site central authorities, a plurality of cameras are installed to the laboratory top, at 4 measuring points of testee chest mark (as shown in figure 2), let the subject wear the brassiere of embodiment 1 ~ 3, comparative example preparation in proper order and carry out the dynamic capture experiment.
Firstly, statically capturing an experimental object, recording three-dimensional coordinates of three-dimensional mark points, then running the experimental object on a running machine for 3min at a fixed speed of 7km/h, testing each scheme (the experimental object wears the bras prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples) for 10 times, and recording dynamic positions of test points at a shooting speed of 60 times/s by using a shooting instrument to obtain dynamic data of the three-dimensional coordinate positions of the measurement points.
Experimental marker points and evaluation methods: the 4 marks of the chest midline can well define the relative position of the chest, namely point A, and the displacement of the point A represents the position of the trunk; b, dynamically capturing and identifying the human body contour; the displacement of points L and R represents the breast displacement. The bounce degree of the breasts during motion, namely the position rate of the positions of the breasts relative to the position of the trunk is evaluated by calculating the relative displacement rate of the breasts, and the basic formula is as follows:
in the formula: d0Representing the distance of the breast from the torso marker point in the resting state, dtThe distance between the breasts and the trunk mark points under the movement state of the bra with one proposal. Therefore, the larger the PBD value is, the larger the bounce degree of the breasts is, which indicates that the damping effect of the bra is poorer; the smaller the PBD value is, the smaller the bounce degree of the breasts is, and the better the damping effect of the bra is.
The breast displacement rate measurements are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 Breast Displacement Rate measurement results Table
As can be seen from table 1, the damping effect was the best as the PBD value of example 2 was the smallest, and the damping effect was the worst as the PBD value of the comparative example, and thus it was found that the damping effect was improved to some extent by adding the spiral body, wherein the damping effect was the best when the ratio of the mass parts of the resin matrix to the spiral body was 40: 1.
The invention relates to a composite damping material, which realizes the damping effect through the design of a multilayer structure. The shock absorption function layer comprises a spiral body, the spiral body is of a conical or round table-shaped spiral structure, reaction force can be applied along with external amplitude, the swinging of human body soft tissue in the movement process is reduced, and the shock absorption effect is achieved. Meanwhile, the surface layer is introduced with high-strength fibers to improve the friction resistance and the washing resistance of the material, and the bottom layer is made of soft and comfortable elastic material. Compared with the traditional protective material, the shockproof material disclosed by the invention not only has excellent damping characteristics, but also can gradually adjust the contact area according to the gradual change cross section of the spiral body, intelligently responds to the increase of the contact area and realizes passive shock absorption of an object. The shock absorption efficiency of the invention is improved by about 20 percent when the deformation is the same. In addition, the spirochete size is less, can disperse more evenly in the shock attenuation functional layer, and the more effectual stress concentration of alleviating improves the travelling comfort of product.
The invention solves the problem that the part of tissue in the human body movement process irregularly moves to cause the irreversible damage to the soft tissue, has good shock absorption effect, improves the safety of human body movement, and can be widely applied to the fields of clothing, sports equipment or protective articles.
The spiral body comprises a magnetic material, has certain electromagnetic property, is positioned at a magnetic site of a mold, and is injected into the mold through a resin matrix in an injection molding or injection molding mode, so that the spiral body is precisely positioned, and the damping functional layer is prepared. In addition, the spiral body can be obtained by injection molding or 3D printing, and the like, contains polyurethane units, can be partially swelled with the resin matrix, and is insoluble.
It is noted that references herein to values as "about" or "around" mean 2% error.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. The damping material is characterized by sequentially comprising a surface layer, a damping functional layer and a bottom layer, wherein the damping functional layer comprises a plurality of spiral bodies, and the thread pitch of the spiral bodies is in a micron order.
2. A shock absorbing material as set forth in claim 1, wherein said spiral body includes a magnetic material; preferably, the magnetic material comprises at least one of nano nickel, nano iron oxide, nano iron carbide or nano iron nitride; preferably, the spiral body further comprises at least one of polyurethane modified epoxy resin or polyurethane modified acrylic resin; preferably, the spiral body is a conical or circular truncated cone-shaped spiral structure; preferably, the screw pitch of the spiral body is 200-1000 μm; preferably, the spiral number of turns of the spiral body is 5-10 turns.
3. The shock absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein said shock absorbing functional layer further comprises a resin matrix; preferably, the resin matrix comprises at least one of polyurethane, polyacrylate, silicone rubber, or borosilicate rubber; preferably, the mass part ratio of the resin matrix to the spiral body is (10-300): 1; preferably, the elastic modulus of the material of the spiral body is 10 to 100 times of the elastic modulus of the resin matrix.
4. The vibration damper according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer comprises a short fiber-reinforced elastomer material containing an amide group; preferably, the short fiber reinforced elastomeric material comprises at least one of silicone rubber, polyurethane, or borosilicate-modified acrylic; preferably, the bottom layer comprises a flexible elastomer having a Tg of 30 ℃ or less.
5. The preparation method of the shock-absorbing material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing a spiral body in a 3D printing or injection molding mode, wherein the thread pitch of the spiral body is micron-sized;
s2, preparing a shock absorption function layer by adopting a resin matrix and a spiral body;
and S3, respectively arranging a surface layer and a bottom layer on two sides of the shock absorption function layer to obtain the shock absorption material.
6. The method for preparing a shock absorbing material according to claim 5, wherein in step S1, the magnetic material is added to the 3D printing material, and the 3D printing is performed to obtain a spiral body; or 3D printing is carried out by adopting a 3D printing material to obtain an intermediate I, and then a layer of magnetic material is sprayed on the bottom of the intermediate I to obtain a spiral body; preferably, in step S2, a mold with magnetic sites is taken, the spiral body is positioned at the magnetic sites of the mold, and the resin matrix is injected into the mold by injection molding, so as to prepare the shock-absorbing functional layer.
7. A brassiere, comprising a cushioning material according to any of claims 1 to 4 or made by the method of any of claims 5 to 6.
8. A sports garment comprising a cushioning material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a cushioning material prepared by a method according to any one of claims 5 to 6.
9. A sports safety device comprising a shock absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a shock absorbing material prepared by a method according to any one of claims 5 to 6.
10. Use of the shock absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the shock absorbing material prepared by the method according to any one of claims 5 to 6 in the field of clothing, sports equipment or protective articles.
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