CN114339840A - 5G shunting access network system, communication system and 5G communication shunting method - Google Patents
5G shunting access network system, communication system and 5G communication shunting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a 5G shunting access network system, a communication system and a 5G communication shunting method.A local 5G base station is set for a 5G user terminal to access, and the local 5G user terminal and a public network 5G user terminal are set to adopt different public land mobile network codes; therefore, the local distribution unit of the local 5G base station decodes the terminal data to the wireless link layer control protocol layer to obtain the public land mobile network code in the terminal data, when the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is determined to be the local 5G user terminal according to the obtained public land mobile network code, the terminal data is sent to the local 5G core network, and when the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is determined to be the public network 5G user terminal, the terminal data is recoded and sent to the public network 5G core network through a communication interface between the local 5G base station and the public network distribution unit, so that the shunting of the local 5G data and the public network 5G data is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to, but not limited to, the field of communications, and in particular, to, but not limited to, a 5G offload access network system, a communication system, and a 5G communication offload method.
Background
The industrial scene is an important application scene of the internet of things, and in the industrial scene of the 5G network, a local data closed loop is required. For example, in a factory application scenario, a 5G network can only be implemented by building a factory private network through independent frequency spectrums. Building a factory private network through independent spectrum requires the country to allocate an industrial private communication spectrum for the factory to be used by a local 5G user terminal in the factory (i.e. an internal user in the factory) so as to realize closed loop of local data; meanwhile, a public network 5G user terminal (also called a public network user) also exists in the factory, so that the factory is finally covered by the frequency band of the operator, so as to be used by the public network 5G user terminal in the factory. Therefore, the overall situation of repeated networking of a factory results in low utilization rate of communication and software resources such as hardware resources and frequency spectrums and high cost, and is not beneficial to popularization and application of the 5G network in an industrial scene.
Disclosure of Invention
The 5G shunt access network system, the communication system and the 5G communication shunt method provided by the invention solve the problems of low resource utilization rate and high cost in the application of the existing 5G network to an industrial scene.
In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a 5G offload access network system, including a local 5G base station and a public network 5G base station, where:
the local 5G base station comprises a local active antenna unit and a local distribution unit which is in communication connection with the local active antenna unit, and the local distribution unit is in communication connection with a local 5G core network;
the public network 5G base station comprises a public network distribution unit and a public network centralized unit which are sequentially in communication connection, and the public network centralized unit is in communication connection with a public network 5G core network;
the local active antenna unit transmits terminal data acquired from a 5G user terminal to the local distribution unit; the local distribution unit decodes the terminal data to a radio link layer control protocol layer to acquire a public land mobile network code in the terminal data, determines whether the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is a local 5G user terminal or a public network 5G user terminal according to the public land mobile network code, sends the terminal data to a local 5G core network when determining that the 5G user terminal is the local 5G user terminal, and recodes the terminal data through a communication interface with the public network distribution unit and sends the recoded terminal data to the public network distribution unit when determining that the 5G user terminal is the public network 5G user terminal;
and the public network distribution unit sends the terminal data received by the communication interface to the public network centralized unit, and the public network centralized unit sends the terminal data to the public network 5G core network.
In some embodiments, the local 5G base station further comprises a local concentration unit communicatively coupled to the local distribution unit, the local distribution unit communicatively coupled to the local 5G core network through the local concentration unit;
when the local distribution unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network, the local distribution unit sends the terminal data to the local centralized unit; and the local centralized unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network through an Nx interface.
In some embodiments, the local 5G base station is composed of the local active antenna unit and the local distribution unit, the 5G split access network system further includes a dedicated concentration unit, and the local distribution unit is communicatively connected to the local 5G core network through the dedicated concentration unit;
when the local distribution unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network, the terminal data is sent to the special centralized unit through a transfer interface between the local distribution unit and the special centralized unit;
and the special centralized unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network.
In some embodiments, the communication interface between the local distribution unit and the public network distribution unit comprises an enhanced common public radio interface, the local distribution unit re-encoding the terminal data to a High-PHY layer and transmitting to the public network distribution unit over the enhanced common public radio interface.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a 5G offloading communication system, which comprises a 5G user terminal, a local 5G core network, a public network 5G core network and the above 5G offloading access network system;
the local distribution unit included in the local 5G base station is in communication connection with the local 5G core network;
the public network centralized unit included in the public network 5G base station is in communication connection with the public network 5G core network;
the 5G user terminal comprises a local 5G user terminal and a public network 5G user terminal, and the public land mobile network code of the user identification card of the local 5G user terminal is different from the public land mobile network code of the user identification card of the public network 5G user terminal;
the local active antenna unit transmits the terminal data acquired from the 5G user terminal to the local distribution unit; the local distribution unit decodes the terminal data to a radio link layer control protocol layer to acquire a public land mobile network code in the terminal data, determines whether the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is a local 5G user terminal or a public network 5G user terminal according to the public land mobile network code, sends the terminal data to a local 5G core network when determining that the 5G user terminal is the local 5G user terminal, and recodes the terminal data through a communication interface with the public network distribution unit and sends the recoded terminal data to the public network distribution unit when determining that the 5G user terminal is the public network 5G user terminal;
and the public network distribution unit sends the terminal data received by the communication interface to the public network centralized unit, and the public network centralized unit sends the terminal data to the public network 5G core network.
In some embodiments, the local 5G user terminal and the public network 5G user terminal share the same communication frequency band.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a 5G communication offloading method, including:
a local active antenna unit of a local 5G base station receives terminal data sent by a 5G user terminal and sends the received terminal data to a local distribution unit of the local 5G base station;
the local distribution unit decodes the terminal data to a radio link layer control protocol layer to acquire a public land mobile network code in the terminal data;
the local distribution unit determines whether the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is a local 5G user terminal or a public network 5G user terminal according to the public land mobile network code;
when the local distribution unit determines that the 5G user terminal is a local 5G user terminal, the local distribution unit sends the terminal data to a local 5G core network, and when the 5G user terminal is determined to be a public network 5G user terminal, the local distribution unit recodes the terminal data through a communication interface between the local distribution unit and a public network distribution unit and sends the terminal data to the public network distribution unit;
and the public network distribution unit sends the received terminal data to a public network 5G core network through a public network centralized unit.
In some embodiments, when determining that the 5G user terminal is a local 5G user terminal, the sending, by the local distribution unit, the terminal data to the local 5G core network includes:
the local distribution unit sends the terminal data to a local centralized unit of the local 5G base station;
and the local centralized unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network through an Nx interface.
In some embodiments, when determining that the 5G user terminal is a local 5G user terminal, the sending, by the local distribution unit, the terminal data to the local 5G core network includes:
the local distribution unit transmits the terminal data to a special centralized unit outside the local 5G base station through a transfer interface;
and the special centralized unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network.
In some embodiments, when determining that the 5G user terminal is a public network 5G user terminal, the local distribution unit recodes the terminal data and sends the terminal data to the public network distribution unit through a communication interface with the public network distribution unit, including:
and the local distribution unit recodes the terminal data to a High-PHY layer and sends the recoded terminal data to the public network distribution unit through an enhanced general public radio interface between the local distribution unit and the public network distribution unit.
According to the 5G shunt access network system, the communication system and the 5G communication shunt method provided by the embodiment of the invention, a local 5G base station is set for 5G user terminals to access, and the local 5G user terminals and the public network 5G user terminals are set to adopt different public land mobile network codes; thus, the local active antenna unit of the local 5G base station transmits the terminal data acquired from the 5G user terminal to the local distribution unit of the local 5G base station, the local distribution unit decodes the terminal data to the wireless link layer control protocol layer to acquire the public land mobile network code in the terminal data, when the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is determined to be the local 5G user terminal according to the acquired public land mobile network code, the terminal data is sent to the local 5G core network, when the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is determined to be the public network 5G user terminal, the terminal data is recoded and sent to the public network distribution unit through the communication interface between the local 5G user terminal and the public network distribution unit, and the terminal data is sent to the public network 5G core network through the public network concentration unit, thereby realizing the shunt of the local 5G data and the public network 5G data, and a private network formed by independent frequency spectrums and a public network covered by the frequency spectrums of operators do not need to be deployed at the same time, so that the utilization rate of resources such as hardware, frequency spectrum resources and software can be greatly improved, the network architecture is simplified, and the cost is reduced.
Additional features and corresponding advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a 5G offload access network system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a local active antenna unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a local distribution unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a 5G offload access network system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a local central unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram three of a 5G offload access network system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a 5G communication offloading method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a 5G communication offloading processing node according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the present embodiment provides a 5G offload access network system capable of implementing reliable, efficient, and low-cost offload of 5G traffic, which is shown in fig. 1 and includes, but is not limited to, a local 5G base station (i.e., local gNB)1 and a public network 5G base station (i.e., public network gNB)2, where:
referring to fig. 1, a local 5G base station 1 in this embodiment includes a local Active Antenna Unit 11, i.e., a local AAU (Active Antenna Unit), a local distribution Unit 12, i.e., a local DU (distributed Unit), communicatively connected to the local Active Antenna Unit 11, and the local distribution Unit 12 is communicatively connected to a local 5G core network. It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the connection mode between the local active antenna unit 11 and the local distribution unit 12 may be through, but not limited to, an enhanced Common Radio Interface (enhanced Common Radio Interface) communication connection, and in other application scenarios, other communication interfaces may be used to replace the eccri Interface, which is not limited in this embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, the public network 5G base station 2 in this embodiment includes a public network distribution unit 22 and a public network concentration unit 23 that are sequentially in communication connection, and the public network concentration unit 23 is in communication connection with a public network 5G core network. The connection modes of the public network distribution unit 22 and the public network concentration unit 23 in this embodiment may be communicatively connected through, but not limited to, a transit interface (also referred to as a transit interface) F1 interface. Of course, in other application scenarios, the F1 interface may be replaced by another communication interface, and the embodiment does not limit the interface. In the embodiment, the number of the public network distribution units 22 connected below one public network concentration unit 23 can be flexibly set according to the requirement, for example, one public network distribution unit 22 can be connected below one public network concentration unit 23, and two or more than three public network distribution units 22 can also be connected according to the requirement. In this embodiment, the public network central unit 23 and the public network 5G core network may be communicatively connected through, but not limited to, an Nx interface, which may include, but is not limited to, at least one of an N1 interface, an N2 interface, and an N3 interface. Of course, other communication interfaces may be adopted to replace the Nx interface according to the requirement, and this embodiment does not limit this.
In this embodiment, the local active antenna unit 11 of the local 5G base station 1 is used for access by 5G user terminals. The 5G user terminal in this embodiment includes a public network 5G user terminal and a local 5G user terminal. The local 5G user terminal in this embodiment refers to internal terminals that need to be separately controlled from a 5G user terminal in a public network, for example, for an industrial application scenario, the local 5G user terminal may include various user-side communication terminals inside a factory, including but not limited to various mobile terminals such as a mobile phone and a wearable device, and may also include various non-mobile terminals, which are not described in detail herein.
In this embodiment, the local active antenna unit 11 of the local 5G base station 1 faces the public network 5G user terminal and the local 5G user terminal, and is also accessible to the public network 5G user terminal and the local 5G user terminal. In this embodiment, a specific Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) code is allocated or specified for the local 5G user terminal, that is, the Public Land Mobile Network code of the SIM card used by the local 5G user terminal is set to be different from the Public Land Mobile Network code of the SIM used by the Public Network 5G user terminal, so that the Public Network 5G user terminal and the local 5G user terminal can be identified by the Public Land Mobile Network code, and further, the terminal data (i.e., traffic) of the Public Network 5G user terminal and the local 5G user terminal is split, and a private Network constructed by independent frequency spectrums and a Public Network covered by operator frequency spectrums do not need to be deployed at the same time, so that the utilization rate of resources such as hardware, frequency spectrum resources and software can be greatly improved, the Network architecture is simplified, and the cost is reduced. And the communication frequency bands used by the public network 5G user terminal and the local 5G user terminal are not strictly limited, and the communication frequency bands used by the public network 5G user terminal and the local 5G user terminal can be the same, so that the local 5G user terminal does not need to be additionally allocated with a special frequency band, the compatibility is better, and the cost is lower. Certainly, the public network 5G user terminal and the local 5G user terminal can also be set to use different communication frequency bands according to specific application requirements, so that the requirements of different application scenes are met, and the flexibility is better.
For example, referring to fig. 1, a local and public network 5G flow splitting manner provided in this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and includes but is not limited to:
after receiving terminal data sent by a 5G user terminal, a local active antenna unit 11 of a local 5G base station 1 performs corresponding processing on the received terminal data and transmits the processed terminal data to a local distribution unit 12;
the local distribution unit 12 of the local 5G base station 1 decodes the terminal data received from the local active antenna unit 11 to the radio link layer control protocol layer, thereby acquiring the public land mobile network code in the terminal data. Thus, the local distribution unit 12 can determine whether the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is a local 5G user terminal or a public network 5G user terminal according to the acquired public land mobile network code, and if the terminal is the local 5G user terminal, the local distribution unit 12 sends the terminal data sent by the local 5G user terminal to a local 5G core network; if the terminal is a public network 5G user terminal, the local distribution unit 12 recodes the terminal data sent by the public network 5G user terminal through a communication interface with the public network distribution unit 22 and sends the terminal data to the public network distribution unit 22; the public network distribution unit 22 sends the terminal data received from the local distribution unit 12 to the public network concentration unit 23, and sends the terminal data to the public network 5G core network through the public network concentration unit 23, so that the local 5G data and the public network 5G data are shunted, the implementation mode is simple, a public network active antenna unit does not need to be additionally arranged in a public network framework, the cost is low, and the compatibility is good. Certainly, in some application scenarios, the public network architecture may also be provided with a public network active antenna unit, the provided public network active antenna unit may only face the public network 5G user terminal, and may also face the public network 5G user terminal and the local 5G user terminal, but the public network distribution unit 22 may not perform the shunting processing, so as to meet the requirements of various application scenarios.
For ease of understanding, the present embodiment will now exemplify the local active antenna unit 11 and the local distribution unit 12 of the local 5G base station 1.
In one example, the local active Antenna Unit 11 may be a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) and an Antenna Unit (Antenna Unit) in the fused 4G era. A plurality of T/R units, which are rf transceiver units, are integrated in the local active antenna unit 11. In some application scenarios, the local active antenna unit 11 may employ 192 antenna units, and support 64 channels of transmit and receive signals, and the downlink may stably support 24 channels of data signals to be transmitted simultaneously, and the uplink may also simultaneously receive 12 streams of signals to be received simultaneously. An example protocol layer slicing example of an example of a local active antenna unit 11 is shown in fig. 2, which includes an antenna 111, a radio frequency RF layer 112 and a Low-PHY layer 113. Wherein the functions of the Low-PHY layer 113 may include, but are not limited to, precoding, digital beamforming, IFFT, and CP addition/removal; the complex field I/Q samples transmitted on the forward interface are all frequency domain data. The Low-PHY layer 113 includes software entities that have a strong correlation with DSPs.
In one example, local distribution unit 12 relies on the requirement of a 5G system for an access network architecture, in which a 5G access network logical architecture, the access network has been explicitly divided into a centralized unit cu (centralized unit) and a distribution unit DU logical node. The local distribution unit 12 in this example is a distributed unit, and in a broad sense, the local distribution unit 12 implements a radio frequency processing function and a baseband processing function such as radio Link control (rlc), media Access control (mac), and High-PHY (physical layer); in a narrow sense, based on actual device implementation, the local distribution unit 12 may be responsible for only baseband processing functions, the RRU (corresponding to the Radio frequency RF layer 112 in the local active antenna unit 11) is responsible for Radio frequency processing functions, and the local distribution unit 12 and the RRU are connected through a CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface) or an eccri Interface. In practical application, the local distribution unit 12 has multiple segmentation schemes, different segmentation schemes have different application scenarios and performance gains, and meanwhile, the requirements on parameters such as bandwidth, transmission delay, synchronization and the like of a forwarding interface are greatly different. For ease of understanding, the present embodiment is described below with reference to the protocol layer slicing example of the local distribution unit 12 shown in fig. 3, which includes a radio link layer control protocol RLC layer 121, a medium access control MAC layer 122 and a High-PHY layer 123, where:
RLC is the radio link control layer protocol in wireless communication systems such as GPRS/WCDMA/TD-SCDMA/LTE/5G and the like. In WCDMA systems, the RLC layer is located above the MAC layer and is part of L2, providing segmentation and retransmission services for user and control data. In the control plane, the service provided by the RLC to the upper layer is a radio signaling bearer (SRB); in the user plane, when a PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) and a BMC Protocol are not used by the service, the RLC provides a radio bearer RB to an upper layer; otherwise, the RB service is carried by PDCP or BMC. Each RLC entity is configured by RRC (Radio Resource Control), and has three modes according to a service type: transparent mode TM, unacknowledged mode UM, acknowledged mode AM. In the transparent mode, the sending entity does not add any extra control protocol overhead on the high-level data, and only determines whether to perform the segmentation operation according to the service type. If the PDU received by the receiving entity has errors, the PDU is delivered after the error mark or directly discarded and reported to the higher layer according to the configuration. Real-time voice and other services generally adopt an RLC transparent mode. In unacknowledged mode, the sending entity adds the necessary control protocol overhead on the higher layer PDUs, which are then transmitted but not guaranteed to be delivered to the peer entity, and no retransmission protocol is used. The receiving entity submits the received error data after marking the error data as error or directly discards and reports the error data to a higher layer. Since the RLC PDU contains a sequence number, the integrity of the higher layer PDU can be checked. The unacknowledged mode services include cell broadcasting, IP telephony, and the like. In the acknowledged mode, the transmitting side adds the necessary control protocol overhead on the higher layer data before transmitting and ensuring delivery to the peer entity. Because of the ARQ capability, if the RLC receives an erroneous RLC PDU, the transmitting side RLC is notified to retransmit the PDU. The RLC PDU contains sequence number information, so that the sequential/out-of-order delivery of data to a higher layer is supported. The acknowledged mode is a standard mode of packet data transmission such as www and e-mail download etc.
The MAC belongs to a lower sublayer of a data link layer in the OSI model and is mainly responsible for controlling and connecting physical media of a physical layer. When sending data, the MAC protocol can judge whether the data can be sent in advance, if so, the MAC protocol adds some control information to the data, and finally sends the data and the control information to a physical layer in a specified format; when receiving data, the MAC protocol firstly judges the input information and whether transmission errors occur, if no errors occur, the control information is removed and sent to a logical link control layer.
The functions of the High-PHY include, but are not limited to, coding, rate matching, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, and layer mapping. The complex field I/Q samples transmitted on the forward interface are all frequency domain data. The High-PHY may include software entities in finger L1 that have no direct strong correlation with the DSP.
It should be understood that, in the present embodiment, the public network distribution unit 22 may adopt, but is not limited to, an architecture similar to or the same as that of the local distribution unit 12, and the present embodiment does not limit the same. The architecture of the public network central unit 23 in this embodiment may adopt, but is not limited to, various existing CU architectures, and details thereof are not repeated in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, the communication interface between local distribution unit 12 and public network distribution unit 22 may include an eccri interface. In this embodiment, when the local distribution unit 12 determines that the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is the public network 5G user terminal, the local distribution unit 12 re-encodes the terminal data to the High-PHY layer, and sends the terminal data to the public network distribution unit 22 through the eccri interface, and further sends the terminal data to the public network concentration unit 23 through the public network distribution unit 22, and finally sends the terminal data to the public network 5G core network through the public network concentration unit 23. The local distribution unit 12 and the public network distribution unit 22 are in communication connection through an eCPRI interface, additional transformation of the local distribution unit 12 and the public network distribution unit 22 is not needed, the universality is good, the cost is low, and the realization is simple.
In this embodiment, when the local distribution unit 12 determines that the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is the local 5G user terminal according to the obtained public land mobile network code, the manner in which the local distribution unit 12 sends the terminal data sent by the local 5G user terminal to the local 5G core network may be flexibly set. For ease of understanding, the present embodiment will be described below by taking two transmission methods as examples.
The first method is as follows: referring to fig. 4, the local 5G base station 1 may further include a local central unit 13 communicatively connected to the local distribution unit 12, the local distribution unit 12 and the local central unit 13 may be communicatively connected through, but not limited to, a transit interface F1, and the local central unit 13 may be communicatively connected to the local 5G core network 3 through, but not limited to, an Nx interface; when the local distribution unit 12 sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network 3, the terminal data may be sent to the local concentration unit 13, and the local concentration unit 13 sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network 3 through the Nx interface.
For ease of understanding, the present embodiment will now exemplify the local concentration unit 13 of the local 5G base station 1. The local central unit 13 is a centralized node, which is connected to the core network via an NG interface, and can control and coordinate multiple cells within the access network, including the higher layer control and data functions of the protocol stack. The local central unit 13 has multiple segmentation schemes, different segmentation schemes have different applicable scenarios and performance gains, and meanwhile, the requirements on parameters such as bandwidth, transmission delay, synchronization and the like of a fronthaul interface are greatly different. For the convenience of understanding, the present embodiment is described below with reference to a protocol layer splitting example of the local central unit 13 shown in fig. 5, which includes a packet data convergence protocol layer 131, a radio resource control layer 132 and a data layer 133, where:
the packet data convergence protocol is a short for packet data convergence protocol. It is a radio transport protocol stack in UMTS that is responsible for compressing and decompressing IP headers, transmitting user data and maintaining sequence numbers of radio bearers set for lossless radio network service subsystems.
The radio resource control protocol is a message configuration center and a control center of an access layer of the whole wireless communication protocol stack, and can be understood as a general language understood by both a network and a user terminal.
It should be understood that, in some application scenarios of the present embodiment, the public network central unit 23 may adopt, but is not limited to, the same or similar architecture as the local central unit 13, and will not be described herein again.
In this embodiment, the local distribution unit 12 and the local concentration unit 13 of the local 5G base station 1 may adopt, but are not limited to, two schemes in a specific device implementation: local distribution unit 12 and local concentration unit 13 co-located scheme and local distribution unit 12 and local concentration unit 13 split scheme, wherein:
the local distribution unit 12 and the local concentration unit 13 are co-configured in a scheme similar to BBU devices in 4G, and the logic functions of the local distribution unit 12 and the local concentration unit 13 are simultaneously implemented in a single physical entity, and are implemented by using special chips such as ASIC based on a telecommunication special architecture. Considering that the 4G BBU mostly adopts a combination of a main control transmission board and a baseband processing board, similarly, the local distribution unit 12 and the local central unit 13 jointly-provided equipment (i.e., 5GBBU) may also be similar to an architecture mode that a CU board and a DU board are still used, so as to ensure flexibility of subsequent capacity expansion and introduction of new functions. The logical functional division of the CU board and the DU board may follow the 3GPP standard division, i.e. the logical interface between the CU board and the DU board is the F1 interface. However, considering that the F1 interface is a BBU internal interface in this combined device, the logical function division of the CU board and the DU board may also adopt a non-standard implementation scheme. The advantages of the combined equipment of the local distribution unit 12 and the local concentration unit 13 are similar to those of the 4G BBU, and the combined equipment has the advantages of higher reliability, smaller volume, lower power consumption, better environmental suitability and lower requirement on the matching conditions of a machine room.
The local distribution unit 12 and local concentration unit 13 separation scheme then presents two types of physical devices: a separate local distribution unit 12 device and a separate local central unit 13 device. According to the standard architecture of 3GPP, the local distribution unit 12 is responsible for completing the protocol stack processing functions such as RLC/MAC/PHY with high real-time requirements, and the local central unit 13 is responsible for completing the protocol stack processing functions such as PDCP/RRC/SDAP with low real-time requirements. In the separation scheme, due to the requirement of high real-time performance of the local distribution unit 12, and due to the introduction of Massive-MIMO technology (such as 64T64R) and large bandwidth (such as 100MHz carrier bandwidth) in 5G NR, throughput is increased by tens to hundreds of times compared with 4G, and the physical layer involves a large number of parallel intensive complex matrix operations and high-speed data exchange at a hundred Gbps level, so that the signal processing complexity is increased by hundreds of times compared with 4G, and therefore, considering that a special chip adopts a special accelerator with a specific design, the chip area, power consumption and processing capability of the special accelerator are significantly better than those of a general chip, the local distribution unit 12 can be realized by adopting a telecommunication special architecture, and a main processing chip adopts a special chip of an integrated hardware accelerator, so as to meet the requirements of high processing capability and real-time performance of the 5G layer 1 and the layer 2. In addition, the special architecture has good environmental adaptability to the matching conditions of the deployed machine room. Since the local central unit 13 has a relatively low real-time requirement, it can be implemented based on a general-purpose architecture and uses general-purpose chips such as a CPU. Of course, conventional proprietary architectures may also be used. The universal architecture has better expansibility, is easier for virtualization and soft-hard decoupling, is convenient for pooling deployment, dynamic capacity expansion and backup disaster tolerance, and can be used for expanding and supporting related functions such as an MEC (Multi-access edge computing) and a core network which need sinking based on the same virtualization hardware platform. The local central unit 13, if implemented based on a carrier-level dedicated architecture, has relatively low environmental requirements for deploying a computer room.
The second method comprises the following steps: referring to fig. 6, the local 5G base station 1 is composed of a local active antenna unit 11 and a local distribution unit 12, the 5G shunt access network system further includes a dedicated concentration unit 5 disposed outside the 5G base station 1, and the local distribution unit 12 is in communication connection with the local 5G core network 3 through the dedicated concentration unit 5; wherein the dedicated central unit 5 is also communicatively coupled to the local distribution unit 12 via, but not limited to, an F1 interface. In this embodiment, when the local distribution unit 12 sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network 3, the terminal data may be sent to the dedicated concentration unit 5, and the dedicated concentration unit 5 sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network 3 (for example, but not limited to, through the Nx interface). It should be understood that, in some application scenarios of the present embodiment, the dedicated central unit 5 may adopt, but is not limited to, the same or similar architecture as the local central unit 13, and will not be described herein again. In this way, the dedicated centralized unit 5 can be flexibly arranged outside the local 5G base station 1, and the communication architecture is more flexible and can be applied to various application scenarios.
In this embodiment, for downlink traffic, for example, traffic from the local 5G core network 3, after receiving the downlink traffic and decoding the downlink traffic to the RLC layer, the local 5G base station 1 directly hands over to the access side RLC to re-encode the downlink traffic to the NR air interface for transmission without determining the PLMN. And recoding the traffic from the public network 5G core network 4 to an NR air interface for sending by adopting but not limited to the existing traffic forwarding mode through a public network 5G base station. Therefore, the existing public network architecture does not need to be changed, and the compatibility is good.
Example two:
the present embodiment further provides a 5G offload communication system, for example, as shown in fig. 4 and fig. 6, which includes a 5G user terminal (not shown in the figure), a local 5G core network 3, a public network 5G core network 4, and a 5G offload access network system as shown in the first embodiment. Wherein, the local distribution unit 12 included in the local 5G base station 1 is in communication connection with the local 5G core network 3; a public network centralized unit 23 included in the public network 5G base station 2 is in communication connection with the public network 5G core network 4; the 5G user terminal comprises a local 5G user terminal and a public network 5G user terminal, and the public land mobile network code of the user identification card of the local 5G user terminal is different from the public land mobile network code of the user identification card of the public network 5G user terminal; the local active antenna unit 11 transmits the terminal data acquired from the 5G user terminal to the local distribution unit 12; the local distribution unit 12 decodes the terminal data to a radio link layer control protocol layer to obtain a public land mobile network code in the terminal data, determines whether a 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is a local 5G user terminal or a public network 5G user terminal according to the public land mobile network code, sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network 3 when determining that the 5G user terminal is the local 5G user terminal, and recodes the terminal data and sends the recoded terminal data to the public network distribution unit 22 through a communication interface with the public network distribution unit 22 when determining that the 5G user terminal is the public network 5G user terminal; the public network distribution unit 22 sends the terminal data received through the communication interface to the public network concentration unit 23, and the public network concentration unit 23 sends the terminal data to the public network 5G core network 4, so that the local 5G data and the public network 5G data are distributed, the realization mode is simple, the public network architecture does not need to be improved, only the local 5G base station 1 and the local 5G core network 3 need to be arranged, and the local distribution unit 12 of the local 5G base station 1 is in communication connection with the public network integration unit through a universal eCPRI interface, the cost is low, and the compatibility is good. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the local 5G user terminal and the public network 5G user terminal share the same communication frequency band, so that the existing 5G network architecture is better compatible, and the utilization rate of the communication frequency band is improved.
For convenience of understanding, the present embodiment will be described below with reference to fig. 7 and 8 to illustrate a 5G communication offloading method, which is shown in fig. 7 and fig. and includes, but is not limited to:
s701: a local active antenna unit 11 of the local 5G base station 1 receives terminal data sent by a 5G user terminal, and sends the received terminal data to a local distribution unit 12 of the local 5G base station 1; wherein the terminal data may be sent by a local 5G user terminal or a public network 5G user terminal.
S702: the local distribution unit 12 of the local 5G base station 1 decodes the terminal data sent by the local active antenna unit 11 to the radio link layer control protocol layer to obtain the public land mobile network code in the terminal data.
S703: the local distribution unit 12 determines whether the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is a local 5G user terminal or a public network 5G user terminal according to the public land mobile network code; if the local 5G user terminal sends the request, go to S704; if the user terminal is sending the message, the process goes to S705.
S704: the local distribution unit 12 sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network 3.
For example, when determining that the 5G user terminal is the local 5G user terminal, the local distribution unit 12 sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network 3, including: the local distribution unit 12 sends the terminal data to the local concentration unit 13 of the local 5G base station 1; the local central unit 13 sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network 3 through the Nx interface.
Or, when determining that the 5G user terminal is the local 5G user terminal, the local distribution unit 12 sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network 3, including: the local distribution unit 12 forwards the terminal data to the dedicated centralized unit 5 outside the local 5G base station 1 through a relay interface; the dedicated concentration unit 5 sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network 3.
S705: the local distribution unit 12 re-encodes the terminal data and sends the terminal data to the public network distribution unit 22 through a communication interface with the public network distribution unit 22.
For example, when determining that the 5G user terminal is a public network 5G user terminal, the local distribution unit 12 recodes the terminal data and sends the terminal data to the public network distribution unit 22 through a communication interface with the public network distribution unit 22, including:
the local distribution unit 12 re-encodes the terminal data to the High-PHY layer and transmits the re-encoded terminal data to the public network distribution unit 22 through an enhanced general public radio interface with the public network distribution unit 22.
S706: the public network distribution unit 22 sends the received terminal data to the public network 5G core network 4 through the public network concentration unit 23.
The present embodiment further provides a local 5G base station, which includes a processor, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein: the communication bus is used for realizing connection communication between the processor and the memory; the processor is configured to execute one or more computer programs stored in the memory to implement at least one step performed by the local 5G base station in the 5G communication offloading method.
The present embodiments also provide a computer-readable storage medium including volatile or non-volatile, removable or non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, computer program modules or other data. Computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), flash Memory or other Memory technology, CD-ROM (Compact disk Read-Only Memory), Digital Versatile Disks (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the desired information and which can be accessed by a computer.
The computer readable storage medium in this embodiment may be used to store one or more computer programs, and the stored one or more computer programs may be executed by a processor to implement at least one step performed by the local 5G base station in the 5G communication offloading method in the foregoing description.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that all or some of the steps of the methods, systems, functional modules/units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software (which may be implemented in computer program code executable by a computing device), firmware, hardware, and suitable combinations thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be performed by several physical components in cooperation. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application specific integrated circuit.
In addition, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, computer program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media as known to one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not to be considered limited to such descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The 5G shunt access network system is characterized by comprising a local 5G base station and a public network 5G base station, wherein:
the local 5G base station comprises a local active antenna unit and a local distribution unit which is in communication connection with the local active antenna unit, and the local distribution unit is in communication connection with a local 5G core network;
the public network 5G base station comprises a public network distribution unit and a public network centralized unit which are sequentially in communication connection, and the public network centralized unit is in communication connection with a public network 5G core network;
the local active antenna unit transmits terminal data acquired from a 5G user terminal to the local distribution unit; the local distribution unit decodes the terminal data to a radio link layer control protocol layer to acquire a public land mobile network code in the terminal data, determines whether the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is a local 5G user terminal or a public network 5G user terminal according to the public land mobile network code, sends the terminal data to a local 5G core network when determining that the 5G user terminal is the local 5G user terminal, and recodes the terminal data through a communication interface with the public network distribution unit and sends the recoded terminal data to the public network distribution unit when determining that the 5G user terminal is the public network 5G user terminal;
and the public network distribution unit sends the terminal data received by the communication interface to the public network centralized unit, and the public network centralized unit sends the terminal data to the public network 5G core network.
2. The 5G offload access network system of claim 1 wherein the local 5G base station further comprises a local hub unit communicatively coupled to the local distribution unit, the local distribution unit communicatively coupled to the local 5G core network through the local hub unit;
when the local distribution unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network, the local distribution unit sends the terminal data to the local centralized unit; and the local centralized unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network through an Nx interface.
3. The 5G offload access network system of claim 1 wherein the local 5G base station is comprised of the local active antenna element and the local distribution element, the 5G offload access network system further comprising a dedicated concentration element, the local distribution element communicatively coupled to the local 5G core network through the dedicated concentration element;
when the local distribution unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network, the terminal data is sent to the special centralized unit through a transfer interface between the local distribution unit and the special centralized unit;
and the special centralized unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network.
4. The 5G offload access network system of any of claims 1-3 wherein the communication interface between the local distribution unit and the public network distribution unit comprises an enhanced common public radio interface, the local distribution unit re-encoding the terminal data to a High-PHY layer and transmitting to the public network distribution unit over the enhanced common public radio interface.
5. A 5G offload communication system comprising a 5G user terminal, a local 5G core network, a public network 5G core network and a 5G offload access network system according to any of claims 1-4;
the local distribution unit included in the local 5G base station is in communication connection with the local 5G core network;
the public network centralized unit included in the public network 5G base station is in communication connection with the public network 5G core network;
the 5G user terminal comprises a local 5G user terminal and a public network 5G user terminal, and the public land mobile network code of the user identification card of the local 5G user terminal is different from the public land mobile network code of the user identification card of the public network 5G user terminal;
the local active antenna unit transmits the terminal data acquired from the 5G user terminal to the local distribution unit; the local distribution unit decodes the terminal data to a radio link layer control protocol layer to acquire a public land mobile network code in the terminal data, determines whether the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is a local 5G user terminal or a public network 5G user terminal according to the public land mobile network code, sends the terminal data to a local 5G core network when determining that the 5G user terminal is the local 5G user terminal, and recodes the terminal data through a communication interface with the public network distribution unit and sends the recoded terminal data to the public network distribution unit when determining that the 5G user terminal is the public network 5G user terminal;
and the public network distribution unit sends the terminal data received by the communication interface to the public network centralized unit, and the public network centralized unit sends the terminal data to the public network 5G core network.
6. The 5G offload communication system of claim 5, wherein the local 5G user terminal and the public network 5G user terminal share a same communication frequency band.
7. A5G communication shunting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a local active antenna unit of a local 5G base station receives terminal data sent by a 5G user terminal and sends the received terminal data to a local distribution unit of the local 5G base station;
the local distribution unit decodes the terminal data to a radio link layer control protocol layer to acquire a public land mobile network code in the terminal data;
the local distribution unit determines whether the 5G user terminal sending the terminal data is a local 5G user terminal or a public network 5G user terminal according to the public land mobile network code;
when the local distribution unit determines that the 5G user terminal is a local 5G user terminal, the local distribution unit sends the terminal data to a local 5G core network, and when the 5G user terminal is determined to be a public network 5G user terminal, the local distribution unit recodes the terminal data through a communication interface between the local distribution unit and a public network distribution unit and sends the terminal data to the public network distribution unit;
and the public network distribution unit sends the received terminal data to a public network 5G core network through a public network centralized unit.
8. The 5G communication offloading method of claim 7, wherein the sending, by the local distribution unit, the terminal data to a local 5G core network when determining that the 5G user terminal is a local 5G user terminal comprises:
the local distribution unit sends the terminal data to a local centralized unit of the local 5G base station;
and the local centralized unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network through an Nx interface.
9. The 5G communication offloading method of claim 7, wherein the sending, by the local distribution unit, the terminal data to a local 5G core network when determining that the 5G user terminal is a local 5G user terminal comprises:
the local distribution unit transmits the terminal data to a special centralized unit outside the local 5G base station through a transfer interface;
and the special centralized unit sends the terminal data to the local 5G core network.
10. The 5G communication offloading method of any of claims 7-9, wherein the local distribution unit, when determining that the 5G user terminal is a public network 5G user terminal, re-encodes the terminal data via a communication interface with a public network distribution unit and sends the terminal data to the public network distribution unit, comprises:
and the local distribution unit recodes the terminal data to a High-PHY layer and sends the recoded terminal data to the public network distribution unit through an enhanced general public radio interface between the local distribution unit and the public network distribution unit.
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