CN114336712A - DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system and energy storage battery pack control method thereof - Google Patents
DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system and energy storage battery pack control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system and an energy storage battery pack control method thereof, wherein a plurality of groups of high-capacity energy storage battery packs are respectively connected to nonadjacent main distribution boards through DC/AC modules and transformers, a high-capacity energy storage battery pack control system is integrated in a ship central control system, and power station power peak clipping and valley filling and high-power load energy absorption feedback are carried out in a high-capacity energy storage battery pack power system. The high-capacity energy storage battery pack is subjected to high-rate discharge in the starting process of the standby generator set to supplement power required by a power positioning system, so that the power positioning failure is prevented; the high-capacity energy storage battery pack can be used as a main auxiliary device to supply power in the process of quickly restarting the system after the power failure of the whole ship, so that the time from the power failure of the system to the restoration of the power positioning capability is shortened; the power of the power station is subjected to peak clipping and valley filling by using the high-capacity energy storage battery pack, the power required by the load is dynamically supplemented, the output power fluctuation of the power station is reduced, and the number of the on-grid generators is optimized under various working conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control technology, in particular to a DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system and an energy storage battery pack control method thereof.
Background
The dynamic positioning system comprises a dynamic system, a propulsion system, a dynamic positioning control system and an independent combined control rod system. The dynamic positioning system enables the ship to maintain the position and the heading under the influence of wind, waves and flow by controlling the thrust and the direction of the propeller.
Each major classification agency awards a different additional symbol to a vessel having a dynamic positioning system based on the difference in system reliability and equipment redundancy, and a general requirement for a vessel taking the symbol DP3 is that no Loss of Position (LOP) accidents occur at any single point of failure, including the Loss of a single cabin due to fire or flooding.
The design idea of the power system of the ship with the DP3 classification symbol is to construct a segmented power system consisting of a plurality of redundant groups, wherein each redundant group comprises 1 set of main power board, at least 1 set of generating set and a propeller. And all the redundancy groups are connected through a bus tie breaker.
When the DP 3-level dynamic positioning ship performs dynamic positioning operation, the power system generally operates in a segmented mode, namely all the bus tie breakers are separated, so that the redundant groups are not influenced by each other. This has the advantage that when a single point of failure occurs in the system, at most one of the redundant sets is taken out of service and the vessel will still have sufficient dynamic positioning capability. The more energy-saving and environment-friendly method is that the system operates in a closed-loop mode, namely all the bus tie breakers are closed, so that the power system forms a ring network, and thus the number of on-grid generators can be dynamically adjusted according to the load condition by the power system, so that the fuel consumption is reduced, and the carbon emission is reduced. For a ship with a DP3 classification symbol, if its power system meets the relevant specification requirements, it may enter a closed loop mode to operate under dynamic positioning conditions, and such a power system is called a DP3 closed loop power system. The DP3 closed loop power system requires a relay protection device to accurately and quickly isolate short circuit faults and set up redundant backup protection so that the system can be taken out of service with at most one redundant group in the event of a short circuit fault.
At present, more and more DP 3-level dynamic positioning ships adopt closed-loop power systems, although reasonably configured system protection can limit short-circuit faults in fault redundancy groups, and other non-fault redundancy groups are not affected, power shortage of power stations in a short time can be caused by fault removal, and the dynamic positioning capability of the ships can be affected in the starting process of a standby generator set; on the other hand, although the DP3 closed-loop power system is equipped with a generator protection device or other similar functional devices, some hidden faults may still cause tripping of multiple generator sets, even power loss of the whole ship, and during the restart of the generator sets, the temporary loss of the dynamic positioning capability of the ship may cause serious economic loss and even personnel injury.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the power positioning capability is influenced for a long time when the DP3 ship closed-loop power system is subjected to fault processing, the DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system and the energy storage battery pack control method thereof are provided, and the problem that the power positioning capability is insufficient for a short time or the power positioning capability is lost for a short time due to power loss of a whole ship or the problem that the power positioning capability is insufficient for a short time due to fault removal possibly occurring in the conventional DP3 closed-loop power system is solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system is characterized in that a plurality of large-capacity energy storage battery packs are connected to nonadjacent main distribution boards through DC/AC modules and transformers respectively, a large-capacity energy storage battery pack control system is integrated in a ship central control system, and power station power peak clipping and valley filling and high-power load energy absorption feedback are performed in the large-capacity energy storage battery pack power system.
According to the energy storage battery pack control method of the DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system, under the working condition of dynamic positioning, the specific control steps of peak clipping and valley filling and high-power load energy absorption of a high-capacity energy storage battery pack in a network are as follows:
1) according to the load calculation of the power system, determining the upper limits of the charging and discharging power of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack under the dynamic positioning working condition of the system;
2) calculating the maximum energy feedback of the high-power load to be absorbed by the high-capacity energy storage battery pack;
3) according to the maximum energy value provided by high-rate discharge of a high-capacity energy storage battery pack in the process from system failure to recovery;
4) obtaining an SOC interval of the battery pack in a system steady-state working state through the steps 2) and 3);
5) when the high-power load carries out energy feedback, the control system predicts the feedback power and stops the peak clipping and valley filling operation after confirming that the high-capacity energy storage battery pack has the conditions, so that the battery pack can absorb energy;
6) after the energy feedback is finished, if the SOC of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack exceeds the upper limit of the peak clipping and valley filling working interval, the battery pack is not charged any more at the moment, and only the discharging operation is carried out until the SOC of the battery pack enters the peak clipping and valley filling working interval.
Further, in the process of restarting the power system, the central control system judges that the whole ship loses power; after the central control system confirms that the state of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack is ready, the battery pack enters a high-rate discharge state, the auxiliary system is powered through an electric energy transmission path of the battery pack, a voltage main distribution board, a low-voltage distribution board and the auxiliary system in sequence, and the central control system starts to control the whole electric power system to be restarted; after the generator set is in grid-connected operation, the high-capacity energy storage battery pack gradually exits from a high-rate discharge state; the high-capacity energy storage battery pack cannot automatically enter a peak clipping and valley filling working state, and the working state of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack is manually switched by an operator after the system runs stably.
Further, a system fault causes a generator or a section of busbar to be cut off, and in the starting process of the standby unit, the high-capacity energy storage battery pack discharges at high rate according to the power requirement of the power positioning system to supplement the power required by the power positioning system, and the control method specifically comprises the following steps: the central control system receives a signal that 'the protection action is tripped on a generator breaker' or 'the protection action is tripped on a bus tie switch' fed back by the comprehensive protection device of the distribution board; the central control system calculates the power gap of the power station at the moment, and after the state of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack is confirmed to be ready, the battery pack enters a high-rate discharge state from a peak clipping and valley filling state, so that the power required by the load is dynamically supplemented; the central control system sends a 'standby generator set starting' command, and the standby generator set is started; after the starting is finished and the voltage is established, the standby generator set is connected to the grid, and the high-capacity energy storage battery pack gradually reduces the output power; after the hot standby function of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack is completed, if the SOC of the battery pack is lower than the lower limit of the peak clipping and valley filling working interval, the battery pack does not perform discharging operation until the SOC of the battery pack enters the peak clipping and valley filling working interval.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system and the energy storage battery pack control method thereof enable the high-capacity energy storage battery pack to carry out high-rate discharge in the starting process of the standby generator set so as to supplement the power required by the power positioning system and prevent the failure of power positioning; the high-capacity energy storage battery pack can be used for supplying power to main auxiliary equipment in the process of quickly restarting the system after the power failure of the whole ship, and the running state of the auxiliary equipment is maintained, so that the time from the power failure of the system to the recovery of the power positioning capability is shortened; the power of the power station is subjected to peak clipping and valley filling by using a large-capacity energy storage battery pack, the power required by the load is dynamically supplemented, the output power fluctuation of the power station is reduced, and the number of on-grid generators can be optimized under various working conditions; the high-power load (such as drilling equipment) is subjected to energy feedback absorption by utilizing the high-capacity energy storage battery pack, so that the economic benefit of ship operation is improved, the carbon emission is reduced, and the installation of a high-power brake resistor for some ship high-power loads can be avoided; the technical scheme of the invention is suitable for ship power systems with voltage levels of 690V, 6.6kV, 11kV and the like, and has universality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of one embodiment of a DP3 energy storage closed loop power system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a control method for peak clipping, valley filling and energy feedback absorption of a high-capacity energy storage battery pack according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a calculation method of the upper limit of the charge and discharge power under the power positioning condition of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a power positioning capability quick recovery function after a power loss of a whole ship and a control method of a high-capacity battery pack at the time of the power loss of the whole ship according to the invention;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of the hot standby control method of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows a diagram of an embodiment of a DP3 energy storage closed loop power system. The power system is composed of 4 redundancy groups, and all the redundancy groups are connected through a master-slave bus-tie circuit breaker. Each redundancy group comprises 2 sets of 6MW diesel generator sets G, 1 set of 11kV main distribution board, 2 sets of 5.3MVA phase-shifting transformers, 2 sets of 4.4MW variable frequency driving systems and 1 set of 3.9MVA daily transformers. The 2 groups of 1900kWh large-capacity energy storage battery packs are respectively connected with two sets of non-adjacent main distribution boards through the DC/AC modules and the transformer.
Each 1900kWh large-capacity energy storage battery pack is formed by connecting 8 battery clusters in parallel. The maximum discharge rate of each group of battery packs is 3C, and the maximum discharge power is 4.8 MW. The large-capacity energy storage battery pack control system is integrated in a ship central control system. The low-voltage side of the DP3 energy storage closed-loop power system comprises a 4MW hydraulic drilling system which is not provided with a high-power braking resistor, and the generated energy feedback is absorbed by a high-capacity energy storage battery pack.
Under the dynamic positioning working condition, the bus coupler switch is closed, and the electric power system forms a ring network. 4 generator sets run on the network, the number of the generator sets on the network can be adjusted according to load requirements, and the rest generator sets are used as standby. The large-capacity battery pack performs power station power peak clipping and valley filling and absorbs high-power load energy feedback in a network.
The peak clipping and valley filling and energy feedback absorption functions and the control method of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack are described with reference to fig. 2.
Under the dynamic positioning working condition, the high-capacity energy storage battery pack performs peak clipping and valley filling and high-power load energy absorption in a network, and the control strategy of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack at the moment is as follows:
(1) according to the load calculation of the power system, determining the upper limits of the charging and discharging power of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack under the dynamic positioning working condition of the system; the method for determining the upper limit of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage battery pack under the dynamic positioning working condition is as follows by combining the attached figure 3:
fig. 3 is a bar chart showing a relationship between the total power of the system and the economic operating power of the power station under each dynamic positioning working condition, wherein the ordinate of the bar chart is the load, and the abscissa of the bar chart is each dynamic positioning working condition. The total system power and the number of generator sets running in the grid under each dynamic positioning working condition provided by the load calculation of the power system are represented by solid line columns in the graph, the economic operating power of the power station corresponding to each working condition is represented by dotted line columns in the graph, and the economic operating efficiency of the generator sets is 80% in the embodiment.
A certain difference exists between the actual load power of each working condition and the economic operation power of the corresponding power station, for the working conditions 1, 2 and 4, the actual load power is higher than the economic operation power of the corresponding power station, at the moment, the energy storage battery can supplement the operation power of the power station, so that each unit can operate under more efficient power, and the discharge power of the energy storage battery under the dynamic positioning working condition of the system can reach delta P as much as possible1，ΔP2，ΔP4Is set as Pd(ii) a For working condition 3, the actual load power is lower than the economic operation power of the corresponding power station, the energy storage battery can be charged at the moment, the operation efficiency of each unit is improved, and the charging power of the energy storage battery under the system dynamic positioning working condition can reach delta P as much as possible3Is set to Pc。
Meanwhile, considering that the service life of the energy storage battery needs to meet the requirement, the discharge power of the energy storage battery should not be higher than the maximum value P of the discharge power provided by a battery cell supplierd', the charging power should not be higher than the maximum value P of the charging power provided by the cell supplierc'. Thus, if Pd<Pd' taking the power between the two as the upper limit of the discharge power of the energy storage battery, otherwise, taking PdIs power of dischargeAn upper limit; the charging power upper limit confirming method is the same.
(2) Calculating the maximum energy feedback P of the high-power load to be absorbed by the high-capacity energy storage battery packLM. Setting the recommended SOC range of the energy storage battery provided by a battery core supplier to be 20% -80%, wherein the SOC of the energy storage battery is required to meet the requirement when the energy storage battery runs in a network
PLM<(0.8-SOC)×E×3.6×106
Wherein E is the rated electric quantity of the energy storage battery pack running on the grid, and the unit is kWh; determining the SOC upper limit of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack during grid running;
(3) according to the maximum value P of energy required to be provided by high-rate discharge of a high-capacity energy storage battery pack in the system failure-recovery processFM(simultaneously considering the maximum energy required by two fault conditions of single unit fault and full ship power failure restart), determining the SOC lower limit of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack during network operation, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps: pFM<(SOC-0.2)×E×3.6×106；
(4) And (4) obtaining the SOC interval of the battery pack in the system steady-state working state through the steps (2) and (3).
(5) When the high-power load carries out energy feedback, the control system predicts the feedback power and stops the peak clipping and valley filling operation after confirming that the high-capacity energy storage battery pack has the conditions, so that the battery pack can absorb energy. If the battery pack does not meet the energy absorption condition at the moment, the energy is fed back to the system, and the on-grid generator set needs to have the capacity of absorbing the fed back energy at the moment.
The requirement that the grid generator set has the capacity of absorbing feedback energy means that the design of the rotational inertia of the set and the design of PMS control logic need to consider the situation of short-time energy feedback, and the frequency stability in the process is ensured.
(6) After the energy feedback is finished, if the SOC of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack exceeds the upper limit of the peak clipping and valley filling working interval, the battery pack is not charged any more at the moment, and only the discharging operation is carried out until the SOC of the battery pack enters the peak clipping and valley filling working interval.
The following describes a power positioning capability quick recovery function after a power failure of a whole ship and a control method of a high-capacity battery pack at the time with reference to the present embodiment, and fig. 3 is a flowchart of the power positioning capability quick recovery function and the control method of the high-capacity battery pack after the power failure of the whole ship according to the present embodiment.
When a serious fault or some sudden accident occurs in the DP3 closed-loop power system, a situation of power loss of the whole ship can occur. After the power of the existing DP3 closed-loop power system is lost, the power supply is gradually recovered from the generator to the propulsion system under the control of the central control system, and finally the power positioning capability is recovered.
In this embodiment, after the power loss of the whole ship, the high-capacity energy storage battery pack first performs high-rate discharge to enable the power positioning auxiliary system (including a fuel system, a lubricating oil system, a cooling system, a ventilation system and the like) to maintain or quickly recover the running state after the power loss of the whole ship, so that the starting time of the main power positioning system equipment is shortened, and the recovery of the power positioning capability of the ship is accelerated. Some extreme faults may cause both sets of high capacity energy storage battery packs connected to different power distribution boards to fail to operate properly, which is outside the scope of the present discussion.
In the process of restarting the power system, the control strategy of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack is as follows:
(1) the central control system (powered by the UPS at the moment) judges the power loss of the whole ship;
(2) after the central control system confirms that the state of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack is ready, the battery pack enters a high-rate discharge state, the auxiliary system is powered through an electric energy transmission path of the battery pack, a medium-voltage main distribution board, a low-voltage distribution board and an auxiliary system, and the highest discharge rate is 3C. Meanwhile, the central control system starts to control the restart of the whole power system.
(3) After the generator set is in grid-connected operation, the high-capacity energy storage battery pack gradually exits from a high-rate discharge state.
(4) The battery pack can not automatically enter a peak clipping and valley filling working state, and an operator needs to manually switch the working state of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack after the system runs stably.
The hot standby function and the control method of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and fig. 4 shows the hot standby control method of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack in this embodiment.
When a single point of failure occurs in the existing DP3 closed loop power system, the protection system will achieve fault isolation by quickly cutting off the faulty branch or the faulty bus (distribution board). If a fault causes a generator or a section of busbar to be cut off, the situation of insufficient power of the dynamic positioning system may occur in the starting process of the standby generator set.
In this embodiment, if a system fault causes a generator or a section of busbar to be cut off, during the starting process of the standby unit, the high-capacity energy storage battery pack discharges at a high rate according to the power requirement of the power positioning system to supplement the power required by the power positioning system, and the control strategy of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack at this time is as follows:
(1) the central control system receives a signal that 'the protection action is tripped on a generator breaker' or 'the protection action is tripped on a bus tie switch' fed back by the comprehensive protection device of the distribution board;
(2) the central control system calculates the power gap of the power station at the moment, and after the state of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack is confirmed to be ready (at least one battery pack is not cut off by the protection system at the moment), the battery pack enters a high-rate discharge state from a peak clipping and valley filling state, the power required by the load is dynamically supplemented, and the highest discharge rate is 3C;
(3) the central control system sends a 'standby generator set starting' command, and the standby generator set is started.
(4) After the starting is finished and the voltage is established, the standby generator set is connected to the grid, and the high-capacity energy storage battery pack gradually reduces the output power.
(5) After the hot standby function of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack is completed, if the SOC of the battery pack is lower than the lower limit of the peak clipping and valley filling working interval, the battery pack does not perform discharging operation until the SOC of the battery pack enters the peak clipping and valley filling working interval.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system is characterized in that a plurality of large-capacity energy storage battery packs are connected to nonadjacent main distribution boards through DC/AC modules and transformers respectively, a large-capacity energy storage battery pack control system is integrated in a ship central control system, and power station power peak clipping and valley filling and high-power load energy absorption feedback are performed in the large-capacity energy storage battery pack power system.
2. The method for controlling the energy storage battery pack of the DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system according to claim 1, wherein under dynamic positioning conditions, the specific control steps of peak clipping and valley filling and high-power load energy absorption of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack in a network are as follows:
1) according to the load calculation of the power system, determining the upper limits of the charging and discharging power of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack under the dynamic positioning working condition of the system;
2) calculating the maximum energy feedback of the high-power load to be absorbed by the high-capacity energy storage battery pack;
3) according to the maximum energy value provided by high-rate discharge of a high-capacity energy storage battery pack in the process from system failure to recovery;
4) obtaining an SOC interval of the battery pack in a system steady-state working state through the steps 2) and 3);
5) when the high-power load carries out energy feedback, the control system predicts the feedback power and stops the peak clipping and valley filling operation after confirming that the high-capacity energy storage battery pack has the conditions, so that the battery pack can absorb energy;
6) after the energy feedback is finished, if the SOC of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack exceeds the upper limit of the peak clipping and valley filling working interval, the battery pack is not charged any more at the moment, and only the discharging operation is carried out until the SOC of the battery pack enters the peak clipping and valley filling working interval.
3. The method for controlling the energy storage battery pack of the DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system according to claim 2, wherein during the restarting of the power system, the central control system determines that the whole ship loses power; after the central control system confirms that the state of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack is ready, the battery pack enters a high-rate discharge state, the auxiliary system is powered through an electric energy transmission path of the battery pack, a voltage main distribution board, a low-voltage distribution board and the auxiliary system in sequence, and the central control system starts to control the whole electric power system to be restarted; after the generator set is in grid-connected operation, the high-capacity energy storage battery pack gradually exits from a high-rate discharge state; the high-capacity energy storage battery pack cannot automatically enter a peak clipping and valley filling working state, and the working state of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack is manually switched by an operator after the system runs stably.
4. The energy storage battery pack control method of the DP3 ship energy storage closed-loop power system of claim 2, wherein a system fault causes a generator or a section of busbar to be cut off, and during the startup of the standby unit, the high-capacity energy storage battery pack discharges at a high rate according to the power requirement of the dynamic positioning system to supplement the power required by the dynamic positioning system, and the specific control steps are as follows: the central control system receives a signal that 'the protection action is tripped on a generator breaker' or 'the protection action is tripped on a bus tie switch' fed back by the comprehensive protection device of the distribution board; the central control system calculates the power gap of the power station at the moment, and after the state of the high-capacity energy storage battery pack is confirmed to be ready, the battery pack enters a high-rate discharge state from a peak clipping and valley filling state, so that the power required by the load is dynamically supplemented; the central control system sends a 'standby generator set starting' command, and the standby generator set is started; after the starting is finished and the voltage is established, the standby generator set is connected to the grid, and the high-capacity energy storage battery pack gradually reduces the output power; after the hot standby function of the large-capacity energy storage battery pack is completed, if the SOC of the battery pack is lower than the lower limit of the peak clipping and valley filling working interval, the battery pack does not perform discharging operation until the SOC of the battery pack enters the peak clipping and valley filling working interval.
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