CN114336655A - Automatic voltage control method for power grid and computer readable medium - Google Patents

Automatic voltage control method for power grid and computer readable medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114336655A
CN114336655A CN202111643951.7A CN202111643951A CN114336655A CN 114336655 A CN114336655 A CN 114336655A CN 202111643951 A CN202111643951 A CN 202111643951A CN 114336655 A CN114336655 A CN 114336655A
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voltage
signal
value
preset
image smoothing
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毕忠勤
徐富强
孙苏苏
李永斌
周平
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Shanghai University of Electric Power
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Shanghai University of Electric Power
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30Reactive power compensation

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Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic voltage control method of a power grid and a computer readable medium, wherein the automatic voltage control method uses a differential amplification circuit to sample a voltage signal of a high-voltage side bus, when the frequency deviation of the frequency of the sampled voltage signal and a set frequency is greater than a first preset frequency deviation, the signal is subjected to image smoothing processing, when the absolute value of the difference value of the voltage signal subjected to the image smoothing processing and a preset voltage signal reference value is not less than a voltage difference value threshold value, a first control signal is generated, and a series resistor is adjusted and adjusted based on the first control signal until the absolute value of the difference value of an effective value of the voltage signal subjected to the image smoothing processing and the preset voltage signal reference value is less than the voltage difference value threshold value. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of effectively reducing the influence on power when the voltage of the high-voltage side bus is regulated, and the like.

Description

Automatic voltage control method for power grid and computer readable medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of voltage regulation, in particular to an automatic voltage control method for a power grid and a computer readable medium.
Background
An automatic voltage control (hereinafter referred to as "avc") system is an important means for realizing safe (voltage stability margin improvement), economic (network loss reduction) and high-quality (voltage qualification rate improvement) operation of a power grid. The avc system is constructed on a power grid energy management system (ems), can scientifically decide an optimal reactive voltage adjustment scheme from the perspective of global optimization of a power grid by utilizing real-time operation data of the power grid, and automatically issues the optimal reactive voltage adjustment scheme to a power plant, a transformer substation and a subordinate power grid scheduling mechanism for execution.
At present, for a regional power grid provincial dispatching avc control system comprising a 500kv transformer substation, a three-level voltage control mode based on soft partition is mostly adopted, and the provincial dispatching avc master station system controls the 500kv transformer substation in a control mode, and the control mode is analyzed in the following two modes: direct control mode, cooperative control mode. When the provincial and local two-stage avc cooperatively controls the 500kv substation to actually operate, a plurality of important problems are faced in the process that the provincial and local master station issues a control instruction to the local master station. Firstly, when the data sources of the provincial dispatching avc master station and the local dispatching avc slave station are different, measurement errors may exist, and if the target value of reactive power optimization at the low-voltage side of the main transformer is directly obtained, the situation of incorrect reactive power regulation direction can be generated. Secondly, due to communication channel interference, when the local dispatching avc sub-station receives continuous same control commands, the local dispatching avc sub-station cannot judge whether the control commands are repeated commands at the moment, and if the local dispatching avc sub-station is regulated according to the received control commands, the voltage of the substation is possibly over-regulated.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and provides a method and a computer readable medium for automatically controlling voltage of a power grid, which effectively reduce the influence on power when the high-side bus voltage is regulated.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an automatic voltage control method for a power grid, the automatic voltage control method comprising:
step 1: sampling a voltage signal of a high-voltage side bus to obtain a sampled voltage signal;
step 2: carrying out image smoothing processing on the voltage signal;
and step 3: judging whether the absolute value of the difference value between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the reference value of the preset voltage signal is smaller than a voltage difference value threshold value or not; if yes, judging that the frequency setting in the sampling voltage signal meets the automatic control requirement; otherwise, executing step 4;
and 4, step 4: and generating a first control signal, and adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on the first control signal until the absolute value of the difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and a preset voltage signal reference value is less than the voltage difference threshold value.
Preferably, the step 1 specifically comprises:
and sampling the voltage signal of the high-voltage side bus by using a differential amplification circuit according to the power system model to obtain a sampled voltage signal.
Preferably, the step 2 specifically comprises:
and when the frequency deviation of the frequency and the set frequency in the sampling voltage signal is greater than a first preset frequency deviation, performing image smoothing on the signal to obtain a voltage signal after the image smoothing.
Preferably, the method for acquiring the first control signal specifically includes:
firstly, subtracting a preset voltage signal from an effective value of the voltage signal subjected to image smoothing processing and taking an absolute value to obtain a voltage increment signal;
and then, carrying out time delay amplification processing on the voltage increment signal, and outputting the voltage increment signal as the first control signal.
Preferably, the step 4 specifically includes:
and generating a first control signal based on the absolute value of the difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the preset voltage signal reference value, and adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on the first control signal until the absolute value of the difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the preset voltage signal reference value is less than the voltage difference threshold value.
More preferably, the step 4 further comprises:
the following steps are performed before adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on the first control signal:
sampling a current signal of a high-voltage side bus by using a differential amplification circuit to obtain a sampled current signal;
generating a high-voltage side reactive signal based on the sampling current signal and the sampling voltage signal;
performing image smoothing on a signal of which the frequency deviation between the frequency and the set frequency in the high-voltage side reactive signal is greater than a first preset frequency deviation to obtain a reactive signal after the image smoothing;
judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the reactive signal subjected to the image smoothing processing and a preset reactive signal reference value is smaller than a reactive signal difference threshold value or not;
and if not, generating a second control signal based on the absolute value of the difference value between the reactive signal subjected to the image smoothing processing and the preset reactive signal reference value.
More preferably, the step 4 further comprises:
performing the following steps after adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on a first control signal:
judging whether the damping inside the generator is smaller than a preset damping;
and if so, adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on the second control signal until the absolute value of the difference between the idle signal subjected to the image smoothing processing and the preset idle signal reference value is smaller than the idle signal difference threshold.
More preferably, the method for acquiring the high-voltage side reactive signal comprises the following steps:
and multiplying the effective value of the sampling current signal and the effective value of the sampling voltage signal by a time constant K to obtain the high-voltage side reactive signal.
More preferably, the step 4 further comprises:
detecting whether the first control signal has communication abnormity;
and if so, stopping outputting the first control signal and the second control signal.
A computer readable medium, wherein the computer readable medium stores therein any one of the above-mentioned automatic voltage control methods for a power grid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the influence on the power when the high-voltage side bus voltage is adjusted is reduced: according to the automatic voltage control method of the power grid, when the voltage of the high-voltage side bus is adjusted, the voltage signal with the frequency deviation of the frequency in the voltage of the high-voltage side bus and the set frequency larger than the preset frequency deviation is filtered, and the influence on the power when the voltage of the high-voltage side bus is adjusted is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an automatic voltage control method according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific link of the automatic control voltage control method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The core of the invention is to provide an automatic voltage control method, when the voltage of the high-voltage side bus is regulated, the voltage signal of which the frequency deviation between the frequency in the voltage of the high-voltage side bus and the set frequency is greater than the preset frequency deviation is filtered, so that the influence on the active power when the voltage of the high-voltage side bus is subjected to reactive regulation is reduced.
An automatic voltage control method, the flow of which is shown in fig. 1, includes:
step 1: sampling the voltage signal of the high-voltage side bus by using a differential amplification circuit according to the power system model to obtain a sampled voltage signal
In this embodiment, it is considered that in the automatic voltage control method in the prior art, when a voltage oscillation of either sub-synchronization, a low-frequency voltage oscillation, or a mixed voltage oscillation of sub-synchronization and low-frequency occurs in a high-voltage side bus in an ac power grid, a series resistance of a generator whose output terminal is connected to a step-up transformer is adjusted based on the voltage of the high-voltage side bus, and then the output voltage of the generator is adjusted, and finally reactive power adjustment of the high-voltage side bus is achieved.
In order to solve the above problem, in this embodiment, it is considered that the voltage signal in the high-voltage side bus is an analog signal, but the processing of the analog signal is relatively complex, so that in this embodiment, the voltage signal in the high-voltage side bus is sampled first, and the analog signal is converted into a digital signal, that is, the sampled voltage signal is obtained, so that the voltage of the high-voltage side bus is subsequently adjusted based on the sampled voltage signal.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific link of the automatic voltage control method provided by the present invention.
Step 2: when the frequency deviation of the frequency and the set frequency in the sampling voltage signal is larger than a first preset frequency deviation, carrying out image smoothing on the signal to obtain a voltage signal after the image smoothing;
in the embodiment, in order to reduce the influence of the voltage oscillation component based on the high-voltage side bus and having a certain deviation from the set frequency on the active power when the high-voltage side bus voltage is regulated, when the frequency deviation of the frequency in the sampling voltage signal from the set frequency is greater than the first preset frequency deviation, performing image smoothing on the signal to filter out low-frequency and subsynchronous voltage oscillation, for example, the first preset frequency deviation may be, but is not limited to, 0.1Hz, obtaining a voltage signal after image smoothing, the voltage oscillation of the frequency component with the deviation of more than 0.1Hz from the set frequency in the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing is filtered, so that based on the voltage oscillation component without low frequency and subsynchronous, namely, the voltage signal after the image smoothing process regulates the voltage of the high-voltage side bus, so that the influence on the active power is reduced.
The filter in fig. 2 is an image smoothing process, wherein the filter may be, but is not limited to, a third-order bakeware low-pass filter.
And step 3: judging whether the absolute value of the difference value between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the reference value of the preset voltage signal is smaller than a voltage difference value threshold value or not, and if not, entering the step 4;
after filtering the signals of which the frequency deviation between the frequency in the sampling voltage signals and the set frequency is greater than the first preset frequency deviation, the difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing process and the preset voltage signal reference value can reflect the fluctuation of the voltage of the high-voltage side bus, therefore, whether the absolute value of the difference value between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the preset voltage signal reference value is smaller than the voltage difference value threshold value or not is judged, can judge whether the voltage of the high-voltage side bus needs to be adjusted, when the absolute value of the difference value between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the preset voltage signal reference value is judged to be smaller than the voltage difference value threshold value, the voltage signal that the frequency deviation of the frequency of the voltage of the high-voltage side bus and the set frequency is smaller than the preset frequency deviation can be reflected, the actual requirement is met, and the voltage of the high-voltage side bus does not need to be adjusted.
The dead zone function shown in fig. 2 is a function for determining whether the absolute value of the difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the reference value of the preset voltage signal is smaller than the threshold of the voltage difference.
And 4, step 4: and generating a first control signal based on the absolute value of the difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the preset voltage signal reference value, and adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on the first control signal until the absolute value of the difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the preset voltage signal reference value is less than the voltage difference threshold value. However, when it is determined that the absolute value of the difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the preset voltage signal reference value is not less than the voltage difference threshold, it may be reflected that the frequency deviation of the voltage of the high-voltage side bus from the set frequency is not less than the voltage signal of the preset frequency deviation, and the actual requirement is not met, that is, the voltage of the high-voltage side bus needs to be adjusted. Furthermore, the series resistance of the generator is adjusted based on other parameters, such as the series current and the terminal voltage of the generator, while the series resistance of the generator is adjusted based on the first control signal. Specifically, after the series resistance of the generator is adjusted, the generator terminal voltage of the generator can be adjusted, so that the purpose of adjusting the voltage of the high-voltage side bus is achieved. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, an AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) in the figure adjusts the series resistance of the generator based on the first control signal.
In addition, the preset voltage signal reference value in this embodiment is a pre-stored voltage signal reference value or a voltage signal reference value set by a user based on the actual demand of the high-side bus voltage at present.
On the basis of the above-described embodiment:
as a preferred embodiment, generating the first control signal based on an absolute value of a difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing process and a preset voltage signal reference value includes:
subtracting a reference value of a preset voltage signal from the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and taking an absolute value to obtain a voltage increment signal;
and carrying out time delay amplification processing on the voltage increment signal, and outputting the voltage increment signal as a first control signal.
In this embodiment, considering that the voltage of the high-voltage side is subjected to subsequent reactive power regulation, the reference value of the preset voltage is subtracted from the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing, an absolute value is taken, the obtained voltage increment signal and the voltage increment are converted into a reactive power increment to be multiplied by the time constant K, and the voltage signal increment is converted into a reactive power signal increment, so that the subsequent reactive power regulation on the voltage of the high-voltage side is controlled.
Specifically, as in the delay amplification stage of fig. 2, the reactive amplification of the automatic voltage is random.
As a preferred embodiment, before adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on the first control signal, the method further includes:
sampling a current signal of a high-voltage side bus by using a differential amplification circuit according to the power system model to obtain a sampling signal;
generating a high-voltage side reactive signal based on the sampling current signal and the sampling voltage signal;
performing image smoothing on a signal of which the frequency deviation between the frequency and the set frequency in the high-voltage side reactive signal is greater than a second preset frequency deviation to obtain a reactive signal after the image smoothing;
judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the reactive signal subjected to the image smoothing processing and a preset reactive signal reference value is smaller than a reactive signal difference threshold value or not;
if not, generating a second control signal based on the absolute value of the difference value between the idle signal after the image smoothing processing and the preset idle signal reference value;
after adjusting the series resistance of generator based on first control signal, still include:
judging whether the damping inside the generator is smaller than a preset damping;
and if so, adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on the second control signal until the absolute value of the difference between the smoothed reactive signal and the preset reactive signal reference value is smaller than the reactive signal difference threshold.
In this embodiment, when the voltage of the high-voltage side bus is adjusted by the first control signal generated based on the absolute value of the difference between the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the reference value of the preset voltage signal, a situation that the damping inside the generator is smaller than the preset damping may occur, and this situation may cause a certain influence on the generator itself.
In summary, in the embodiment, when the voltage of the high-voltage side bus is adjusted, the voltage signal with the frequency deviation between the frequency in the voltage of the high-voltage side bus and the set frequency being greater than the preset frequency deviation is filtered, so that the influence on the active power when the voltage of the high-voltage side bus is subjected to reactive power adjustment is reduced.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic voltage control method for a power grid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: sampling a voltage signal of a high-voltage side bus to obtain a sampled voltage signal;
step 2: carrying out image smoothing processing on the voltage signal;
and step 3: judging whether the absolute value of the difference value between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the reference value of the preset voltage signal is smaller than a voltage difference value threshold value or not; if yes, judging that the frequency setting in the sampling voltage signal meets the automatic control requirement; otherwise, executing step 4;
and 4, step 4: and generating a first control signal, and adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on the first control signal until the absolute value of the difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and a preset voltage signal reference value is less than the voltage difference threshold value.
2. The method for automatically controlling the voltage of the power grid according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 specifically comprises:
and sampling the voltage signal of the high-voltage side bus by using a differential amplification circuit according to the power system model to obtain a sampled voltage signal.
3. The method for automatically controlling the voltage of the power grid according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises:
and when the frequency deviation of the frequency and the set frequency in the sampling voltage signal is greater than a first preset frequency deviation, performing image smoothing on the signal to obtain a voltage signal after the image smoothing.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method for acquiring the first control signal specifically comprises:
firstly, subtracting a preset voltage signal from an effective value of the voltage signal subjected to image smoothing processing and taking an absolute value to obtain a voltage increment signal;
and then, carrying out time delay amplification processing on the voltage increment signal, and outputting the voltage increment signal as the first control signal.
5. The method for automatically controlling the voltage of the power grid according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 specifically comprises:
and generating a first control signal based on the absolute value of the difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the preset voltage signal reference value, and adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on the first control signal until the absolute value of the difference between the effective value of the voltage signal after the image smoothing processing and the preset voltage signal reference value is less than the voltage difference threshold value.
6. The method for automatic voltage control of power grid according to claim 5, wherein said step 4 further comprises:
the following steps are performed before adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on the first control signal:
sampling a current signal of a high-voltage side bus by using a differential amplification circuit to obtain a sampled current signal;
generating a high-voltage side reactive signal based on the sampling current signal and the sampling voltage signal;
performing image smoothing on a signal of which the frequency deviation between the frequency and the set frequency in the high-voltage side reactive signal is greater than a first preset frequency deviation to obtain a reactive signal after the image smoothing;
judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the reactive signal subjected to the image smoothing processing and a preset reactive signal reference value is smaller than a reactive signal difference threshold value or not;
and if not, generating a second control signal based on the absolute value of the difference value between the reactive signal subjected to the image smoothing processing and the preset reactive signal reference value.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step 4 further comprises:
performing the following steps after adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on a first control signal:
judging whether the damping inside the generator is smaller than a preset damping;
and if so, adjusting the series resistance of the generator based on the second control signal until the absolute value of the difference between the idle signal subjected to the image smoothing processing and the preset idle signal reference value is smaller than the idle signal difference threshold.
8. The method for automatically controlling the voltage of the power grid according to claim 6, wherein the method for acquiring the reactive signal at the high-voltage side comprises the following steps:
and multiplying the effective value of the sampling current signal and the effective value of the sampling voltage signal by a time constant K to obtain the high-voltage side reactive signal.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step 4 further comprises:
detecting whether the first control signal has communication abnormity;
and if so, stopping outputting the first control signal and the second control signal.
10. A computer-readable medium, wherein the method for automatic voltage control of a power grid according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is stored in the computer-readable medium.
CN202111643951.7A 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 Automatic voltage control method for power grid and computer readable medium Pending CN114336655A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103259475A (en) * 2013-04-22 2013-08-21 华中科技大学 Doubly fed induction generator internal frequency synchronization method and device based on power balance
KR20160077350A (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-07-04 한국전기연구원 Apparatus for controlling synchronization of microgrid and method thereof
CN106253306A (en) * 2016-10-13 2016-12-21 国家电网公司 A kind of power plant AVC control sub-station emulation mode
CN109995041A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-07-09 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Three-level voltage control method, system and computer readable storage medium
CN112290555A (en) * 2020-10-16 2021-01-29 润电能源科学技术有限公司 Automatic voltage control method, system and device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103259475A (en) * 2013-04-22 2013-08-21 华中科技大学 Doubly fed induction generator internal frequency synchronization method and device based on power balance
KR20160077350A (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-07-04 한국전기연구원 Apparatus for controlling synchronization of microgrid and method thereof
CN106253306A (en) * 2016-10-13 2016-12-21 国家电网公司 A kind of power plant AVC control sub-station emulation mode
CN109995041A (en) * 2019-04-01 2019-07-09 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Three-level voltage control method, system and computer readable storage medium
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