CN114335223A - Perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser, which comprises: the optical transparent plate is coated with the perovskite quantum dot polymer coating on one surface of the optical transparent plate; and a method for preparing the same, comprising: 1) preparing perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry; 2) and coating the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry. The adhesion force of the perovskite quantum dot functional coating of the condenser on an optical transparent flat plate reaches 1 grade, the absolute fluorescence quantum yield reaches 95 percent at most, the photoelectric conversion efficiency reaches 5 percent, and the condenser has very excellent solar energy collection effect. In addition, the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser disclosed by the invention has excellent aging stability. The semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator prepared by the invention can be applied to photovoltaic building integrated components with certain requirements on light transmittance, such as building glass, curtain walls, shady sheds, high-speed partition walls and the like.
Description
Technical Field
A fluorescent solar condenser and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The solar photovoltaic power generation technology is the most direct and effective mode for exploiting and utilizing solar energy, and realizes the conversion and utilization of light energy and electric energy by taking the photovoltaic effect as an energy conversion principle. However, despite efforts to increase the efficiency of solar cells and to reduce material, manufacturing and installation costs, the cost of electricity generation is still high compared to conventional energy-based photovoltaic devices. Further reducing the cost of solar power generation, fluorescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are considered a promising technology to reduce the cost of electricity by reducing the use of expensive PV materials, such as single crystal silicon.
A fluorescent solar concentrator (LSC) is a system for collecting and concentrating solar energy, and absorbs incident sunlight through a luminescent material to excite light with a higher wavelength, and the excitation light is guided into a photovoltaic cell through a waveguide, thereby achieving a solar energy collection effect. The fluorescent solar concentrator can replace a large-range photoelectric cell by a cheap and large-area solar collecting antenna and a small-size photoelectric cell, so that the utilization cost of solar energy can be greatly reduced. Additionally, LSCs may be used in building integrated photovoltaic applications, such as transparent or translucent solar windows. When the light condensing efficiency is sufficiently high, a low-cost photovoltaic technology can be realized. The fluorescent material in the fluorescent solar concentrator can be customized according to different application requirements, but in consideration of the commercial application prospect of the fluorescent solar concentrator, the fluorescent material is required to have the properties of high brightness, stability, no reabsorption of emitted light and the like. In addition, in order to ensure the light collection efficiency of the fluorescent solar concentrator, the novel luminescent material needs to be matched with the wavelength of sunlight as much as possible. However, more than 60% of the solar light flux is above 600nm wavelength, which makes most organic dye molecules unsatisfactory. Quantum dots serving as a high-stability optically-adjustable luminescent material are applied to solar light-gathering devices in recent years, and become a research hotspot in the field of nano energy. However, surrounding large area devices and high efficiency output remain challenges in this area. Since the fluorescent solar concentrator relies on photon transfer at macroscopic distances, it is susceptible to various losses, including mainly the energy loss due to self-absorption of the emitted light by the quantum dots and the non-radiative energy loss due to low fluorescence quantum yield of the quantum dots themselves.
In order to improve the light energy conversion efficiency of the luminescent solar concentrator, people try to reduce the energy loss caused by self-absorption through the structural improvement of quantum dots, and the existing improvement methods comprise ion doping, a thick shell structure, a novel quantum dot heterostructure and the like. Among them, doped quantum dots were demonstrated to have little to no reabsorption loss of LSC. For example, in Mn2+Doped zinc selenide quantum dots, quantum dots effective for sensitizing and exciting Mn2+The impurity ions are brought to the 4T1 ligand field excited state, thereby exciting a higher quantum efficiency and efficient Stokes shift, resulting in little or no reabsorption losses in the corresponding LSC. However, these visible light emitting quantum dots do not fully cover the solar spectrum due to the large band gap of the absorbing material (CdS, 2.5eV; ZnSe, 2.7 eV). For example, in Mn2+The absorption wavelength of the doped ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots is lower than 450nm, and the absorption wavelength of the doped ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots is lower than 500nm in the core/thick-shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the LSC device based on the traditional quantum dot materials cannot meet the application requirement.
The quantum dots themselves and their LSC devices have too low fluorescence quantum yield, which is also a challenge to be further developed by many research works at present. For example, near-infrared emitting core/shell quantum dots such as PbS/CdS and CuInSeS/ZnS quantum dots, with fluorescence quantum yields of only 40-50%, are also used as fluorescent materials for LSCs, plus their energy loss due to reabsorption, the maximum PCE of large area LSCs with G (geometric gain factor: area ratio of the upper surface of the LSC to the photovoltaic cell) greater than 40 is still very low (-1%).
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator and a preparation method thereof; the fluorescent solar condenser prepared by the method adopts organic inorganic or all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots as sunlight absorption and conversion emission materials, so that the condenser has high photoelectric conversion efficiency. In recent years, perovskite quantum dots have been receiving much attention and research due to their excellent fluorescent properties. Compared with the traditional colloidal quantum dot, the fluorescent quantum dot has the obvious advantages of higher fluorescent quantum yield, smaller self-absorption, size/composition dependent absorption and emission, wide absorption spectrum, low temperature dependence of fluorescence, simple synthesis process, good repeatability, low cost and the like. Based on the characteristics, the perovskite quantum dots are expected to improve the light energy conversion efficiency of the large-size fluorescent solar condenser. Recently, the improvement of the perovskite quantum dot fluorescence quantum yield is greatly improved, and researches report that a perovskite quantum dot synthesis method and a post-treatment method which are improved through ligands effectively eliminate non-radiative energy loss caused by surface defects of quantum dots, and greatly improve the stability of the perovskite quantum dots.
The invention discloses a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser, which comprises: the optical transparent plate is coated with the perovskite quantum dot polymer coating on one surface of the optical transparent plate; and a method for the preparation thereof, comprising: 1) preparing perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry; 2) and coating the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry. According to the invention, the perovskite quantum dots are used as light absorption and conversion fluorescent materials, so that the utilization efficiency of sunlight is obviously improved, and the utilization cost of solar energy is expected to be obviously reduced by reducing the consumption of the silicon crystal solar cell. The visible light transmittance of the condenser is higher than 50%, the adhesion force of the perovskite quantum dot functional coating on the polymer flat plate reaches 1 level, and the condenser can be applied to photovoltaic building components with certain requirements on light transmittance, such as building glass, curtain walls, shady sheds, high-speed partition walls and the like. In addition, the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser prepared by the invention has excellent optical performance and aging stability, and the absolute fluorescent quantum yield of the whole condenser can reach 95% at most. Under the condition that the geometric gain factor (G) reaches 42 at most, the photoelectric conversion efficiency reaches 2.8 percent. The condenser has excellent aging stability, and can still maintain the fluorescence quantum yield of more than 90% after the high temperature and high humidity is 60 ℃ and the relative humidity is 90%.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator is characterized by comprising: the optical transparent flat plate is coated with the perovskite quantum dot polymer coating on one surface of the optical transparent flat plate.
A preparation method of a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
Firstly, perovskite quantum dots are dispersed in an organic solvent, and are ultrasonically dispersed for half an hour at room temperature to obtain a uniformly dispersed perovskite quantum dot solution, a polymer resin film-forming agent is added into the solution, and the solution is fully and uniformly stirred to obtain perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry;
2) coating of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
Uniformly coating the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the upper surface of an optical transparent flat plate substrate, and curing to obtain a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat plate fluorescent solar condenser with a perovskite quantum dot polymer coating;
in the preparation method of the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser, in the step 1), the boiling point of the organic solvent is 50-120 ℃, and the organic solvent is one or a mixture of toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-hexane.
In the preparation method of the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser, in the step 1), the perovskite quantum dots are organic-inorganic hybrid or all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots and surface-modified and modified quantum dots thereof, and the general formula is ABX3Wherein A is a metal cation or a positively charged organic cation, B is a metal cation, X is a halide ion, preferably, A is Cs+,FA+(HN=CH-NH3+),CHNH3+Or RNH3+Wherein R is a saturated/unsaturated straight chain or branched chain alkyl group or an aromatic group with a carbon chain atom number of 1-18 and a derivative group thereof; b is Pb2+、Sn2+、Sb2+、Bi2+、Ag+、Zn2+、Mn2+、Cu2+Or Ge+One or more of (a); x is Cl-、Br-、I-One or more of (a).
In the preparation method of the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser, in the step 1), the polymer resin film forming agent is an optically transparent polymer resin composite film forming agent of one or more of organic silicon resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid resin, polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin and derivative copolymers thereof, polyolefin and derivative copolymers thereof, cellulose acetate and polyvinyl chloride.
In the preparation method of the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat-plate fluorescent solar condenser, in the step 1), the average particle size of perovskite quantum dots is 5-100 nm, the content of quantum dots in the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry is 0.5-10 wt%, the content of organic solvent is 0.5-80 wt%, and the content of polymer film forming agent is 10-99 wt%.
In the preparation method of the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator, in the step 2), the coating mode of the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry is reticulate transfer coating or scraper coating or slit extrusion coating, and the curing mode of the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry is thermosetting or thermosetting and photocuring combined dual curing.
In the preparation method of the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser, in the step 2), the optical transparent flat is one of an optical transparent polystyrene flat, a polymethyl methacrylate flat, a quartz glass flat or a silicate glass flat.
In the preparation method of the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser, in the step 2), the thickness of the perovskite quantum dot polymer coating is 0.2-100 mu m, and the thickness of the optical transparent flat is 0.2-10 mm.
The invention has the advantages that: the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser prepared by the invention adopts organic inorganic or all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots as sunlight absorption and conversion emission materials, and has the characteristics of wide absorption spectrum, high fluorescence quantum yield, small self-absorption, easy solution phase synthesis, good light stability and the like due to the size/composition dependent absorption and emission of the perovskite quantum dots, so that the condenser has high light conversion efficiency. According to the invention, by adopting the method of preparing the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry, the quantum dot polymer slurry which is uniformly dispersed can be obtained, so that the light scattering loss and the energy loss caused by the aggregation of quantum dots are greatly reduced, and the sunlight collecting effect is effectively improved. The method of reticulate pattern coating, scraper coating and slit extrusion coating applied in industry is adopted to carry out accurate surface coating, and the thickness of the perovskite quantum dot coating on the transparent flat plate can be effectively controlled, so that the surface smoothness of the quantum dot functional layer is improved, and the optical performance is ensured. The curing mode can be a dual curing mode combining thermocuring or thermocuring and photocuring, so that the damage to the quantum dots in the curing process is avoided, the uniformity of the coating in the curing process can be kept, and the surface defects of the condenser are reduced. The semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser effectively improves the sunlight collecting effect, and effectively reduces the utilization cost of solar energy by reducing the using amount of silicon crystal solar cells. The visible light transmittance of the condenser is higher than 50%, and the absolute fluorescence quantum yield reaches 95%. The geometrical gain factor (G), i.e. the area ratio of the upper surface to the photovoltaic cell, is up to 42, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is up to 2.8%. The fluorescent solar condenser disclosed by the invention has excellent aging stability, can still keep more than 90% of fluorescence quantum yield after being subjected to high temperature and high humidity of 60 ℃ and relative humidity of 90%, and can reach 1 grade of adhesion force of a perovskite quantum dot functional coating on a transparent flat plate by selecting a proper polymer film forming agent. The semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser prepared by the invention can be applied to photovoltaic building integrated components with certain requirements on light transmittance, such as building glass, curtain walls, shady sheds, high-speed partition walls and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat panel fluorescent solar concentrator of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat panel fluorescent solar concentrator of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, wherein for convenience of description, polymethyl methacrylate is represented by PMMA, polystyrene is represented by PS, quantum dots are represented by QDs, a fluorescence emission peak is represented by PL, a fluorescence quantum yield is represented by PLQY, a half-width is represented by FWHM, and an average particle diameter is represented by DaverThe geometric gain factor (area ratio of upper surface to photovoltaic cell) is denoted as G. The photoelectric conversion efficiency is denoted as PCE.
Example 1: preparation method of semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser
1) Preparation of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
100mg CsPbBr was taken3 QDs(PL=518nm,FWHM=20nm,PLQY=96%,Daver=10nm) in 0.9g of anhydrous toluene, and after an ultrasonic dispersion for half an hour at room temperature, a homogeneously dispersed 10% wt CsPbBr is obtained3QDs toluene solution. Adding 4g of PS resin film-forming agent with solid content of 25% into the solution, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain CsPbBr3PS toluene slurries of QDs, CsPbBr therein3The content of QDs is 2 wt%; the toluene content was 78wt%, the PS resin content was 20wt%, and the consistency of the slurry was 1000 cps;
2) coating of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
Mixing the CSPbBr obtained in the step 1)3Uniformly coating PS toluene slurry of QDs on the upper surface of an optical transparent PMMA flat plate substrate with the size of 0.3cm by 30cm, carrying out heat treatment and curing to obtain a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot polymer coating, adjusting process parameters, and controlling CsPbBr3And the thickness of the QDs polymer coating is 10 +/-2 mu m, so that the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser can be obtained.
Example 2: preparation method of semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser
1) Preparation of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
100mg of CsPb (Br)0.2I0.8)3 QDs(PL=650nm,FWHM=30nm,PLQY=92%,Daver=13nm) was dispersed in 0.9g of dry toluene and after half an hour ultrasonic dispersion at room temperature, a homogeneously dispersed 10wt% CsPb (Br) was obtained0.2I0.8)3QDs toluene solution. Adding 4g of PS resin film-forming agent with solid content of 25% into the solution, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain CsPb (Br)0.2I0.8)3PS toluene slurry of QDs, in which CsPb (Br)0.2I0.8)3The content of QDs is 2 wt%; the toluene content was 78wt%, the PS resin content was 20wt%, and the consistency of the slurry was 1000 cps;
2) coating of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
CsPb (Br) of the step 1)0.2I0.8)3Uniformly coating PS toluene slurry of QDs on the upper surface of an optically transparent PMMA flat plate substrate with the size of 0.3cm by 30cm, performing heat treatment and curing to obtain a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot polymer coating, adjusting process parameters, and controlling CsPb (Br)0.2I0.8)3And the thickness of the QDs polymer coating is 10 +/-2 mu m, so that the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser can be obtained.
Example 3: preparation method of semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser
Example 2 was repeated except that only in step 1) preparation of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry, CsPb (Br)0.2I0.8)3CsPb (Br) in PS toluene slurry of QDs0.2I0.8)3The QDs content was 4wt%, and the size of the optically transparent PMMA plate substrate in the coating of the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry of step 2) was 0.3cm by 40 cm.
Example 4: preparation method of semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser
Example 2 was repeated except that only in step 1) preparation of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry, CsPb (Br)0.2I0.8)3The content of QDs is 4wt%, and the perovskite quantum in the step 2)In the coating of the dot polymer slurry, the size of the optically clear PMMA plate substrate was 0.3cm by 50 cm.
Example 5: preparation method of semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser
1) Preparation of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
100mg of FAPBBr is taken3 QDs(PL=530nm,FWHM=24nm,PLQY=97%,Daver=13nm) is dispersed in 0.9g of anhydrous toluene, and after ultrasonic dispersion for half an hour at room temperature, 10wt% FAPBBr is obtained3QDs toluene solution. Adding 4g of PS resin film forming agent with solid content of 25% into the solution, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain FAPBBr3PS toluene slurry of QDs, wherein FAPBR3The content of QDs is 2 wt%; the toluene content was 78wt%, the PS resin content was 20wt%, and the consistency of the slurry was 1000 cps;
2) coating of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
The FAPBBr in the step 1)3Uniformly coating PS toluene slurry of QDs on the upper surface of an optically transparent PMMA flat plate substrate with the size of 0.3cm by 50cm, carrying out heat treatment and curing to obtain a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot polymer coating, adjusting process parameters, and controlling FAPBR3And the thickness of the QDs polymer coating is 10 +/-2 mu m, so that the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser can be obtained.
Example 6: a preparation method of a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
100mg of FAPBI is taken3 QDs(PL=790nm,FWHM=40nm,PLQY=94%,Daver=11nm) is dispersed in 0.9g of anhydrous toluene, and after ultrasonic dispersion for half an hour at room temperature, 10wt% FAPBI with uniform dispersion is obtained3QDs toluene solution. Adding 4g of PS resin film forming agent with solid content of 25% into the solution, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain FAPBI3PS toluene slurry of QDs, wherein FAPbI3The content of QDs is 2 wt%; the toluene content was 78wt%, the PS resin content was 20wt%, and the consistency of the slurry was 1000 cps;
2) coating of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
The FAPBI of the step 1)3Uniformly coating PS toluene slurry of QDs on the upper surface of an optically transparent PMMA flat plate substrate with the size of 0.3cm by 50cm, carrying out heat treatment and curing to obtain a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot polymer coating, adjusting process parameters, and controlling FAPBI3And the thickness of the QDs polymer coating is 10 +/-2 mu m, so that the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser can be obtained.
Example 7: a preparation method of a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
100mg of FAPBI is taken3 QDs(PL=790nm,FWHM=40nm,PLQY=94%,Daver=11nm) is dispersed in 0.9g of anhydrous toluene, and after ultrasonic dispersion for half an hour at room temperature, 10wt% FAPBI with uniform dispersion is obtained3QDs toluene solution. Adding 4g of ultraviolet curing polyurethane acrylic resin film forming agent with solid content of 100% into the solution, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain FAPBI3UV-curable urethane acrylic resin syrup of QDs, wherein FAPbI3The content of QDs is 2wt%, the content of toluene is 18wt%, the content of ultraviolet light curing polyurethane acrylic resin film forming agent is 80wt%, and the consistency of the slurry is 1500 cps;
2) coating of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
The FAPBI of the step 1)3Uniformly coating the ultraviolet curing polyurethane acrylic resin slurry of QDs on the upper surface of an optically transparent PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) flat plate substrate with the size of 0.3cm by 50cm, performing ultraviolet curing after heat treatment to obtain a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot polymer coating, adjusting process parameters, and controlling FAPBI (FAPBI)3And the thickness of the QDs polymer coating is 40 +/-2 mu m, so that the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser can be obtained.
And (3) testing the visible light transmittance of the heat insulation film:
visible light transmittance tests on the perovskite quantum dot flat panel fluorescent solar concentrators prepared in examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7: the flat plate condenser is placed on a visible light transmittance tester, 6 samples are tested in parallel in each embodiment, and the test results are averaged to obtain the visible light transmittance. The results of the visible light transmittance test of each example sample are specifically shown in table 1.
And (3) testing the adhesion force of the coating by a cross-cut lattice method:
the adhesion force of the perovskite quantum dot polymer coating in the examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 is tested, and the adhesion force of the perovskite quantum dot polymer coating on the surface of the optical transparent flat plate substrate is shown in table 1 according to the evaluation standard (GB/T9286-88) of the coating adhesion force cross-hatch method test.
And (3) testing optical performance:
the perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator prepared in examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 was tested for fluorescence quantum yield, aged fluorescence quantum yield and photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Fluorescence quantum yield test: absolute PLQY was determined for each concentrator sample at a specific wavelength of 450nm using an Absolute PL Quantum Yield spectrometer (C11347-01, Hamamatsu Photonics, Japan) with a monochromatic Xe lamp source (L11562) and an integrating sphere. After testing 6 samples in parallel for each example, the results were averaged to obtain the fluorescence quantum yield. The results of the fluorescence quantum yield measurements for the samples of each example are detailed in table 1.
Aging fluorescence quantum yield test: after first aging each concentrator sample in a 90% relative humidity aging chamber at 60 ℃ for 1000 hours, the Absolute PLQY of each sample was measured at a specific wavelength of 450nm using an Absolute PL Quantum Yield spectrometer (C11347-01, Hamamatsu Photonics, Japan) with a monochromatic Xe lamp source (L11562) and an integrating sphere. After testing 6 samples in parallel for each example, the results were averaged to obtain the aged fluorescence quantum yield. The results of the aged fluorescence quantum yield tests for the samples of each example are detailed in table 1.
Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency (PCE): by adding the active component in AM 1.5G (100 mW/cm)2) Using a reference silicon solar cell (PCE = 4.65%, J) on the ABET2000 solar simulator (r)SC= 20.3mA/cm2VOC = 0.51V, FF = 0.45) were calibrated,the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a fluorescent solar concentrator (LSC) was measured. After testing 6 samples in parallel for each example, the photoelectric conversion efficiency was obtained by averaging the test results. The results of the photoelectric conversion efficiency test of the samples of each example are shown in table 1.
Experimental results show that the visible light transmittance of the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser disclosed by the invention is higher than 50%, the adhesion of the perovskite quantum dot functional coating of the condenser on a polymer flat plate reaches 1 level, and the fluorescence quantum yield can reach 95% at most. The aging stability is excellent, and the fluorescence quantum yield of more than 90 percent can still be maintained after the high-temperature high-humidity 60 ℃ and 90 percent relative humidity aging is carried out for 1000 hours. Under the condition that the geometric gain factor (G) of the perovskite quantum dot fluorescent solar condenser reaches 42, the maximum photoelectric conversion efficiency reaches 2.8%, and the perovskite quantum dot fluorescent solar condenser has a very excellent condensation effect. The semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator prepared by the invention can be applied to photovoltaic building integrated components with certain requirements on light transmittance, such as building glass, curtain walls, shady sheds, high-speed partition walls and the like.
Table 1: performance testing of optical concentrators
The invention provides a preparation method of a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser; the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser prepared by the method adopts organic inorganic or all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots as sunlight absorption and conversion emission materials, and has the characteristics of wide absorption spectrum, high fluorescence quantum yield, small self-absorption, easy solution phase synthesis, good light stability and the like due to the size/composition dependent absorption and emission of the perovskite quantum dots, so that the condenser has high light conversion efficiency. According to the invention, by adopting the method of preparing the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry, the quantum dot polymer slurry which is uniformly dispersed can be obtained, so that the light scattering loss and the energy loss caused by the aggregation of quantum dots are greatly reduced, and the sunlight collecting effect is effectively improved. The method of reticulate pattern coating, scraper coating and slit extrusion coating applied in industry is adopted to carry out accurate surface coating, and the thickness of the perovskite quantum dot coating on the transparent flat plate can be effectively controlled, so that the surface smoothness of the quantum dot functional layer is improved, and the optical performance is ensured. The curing mode can be a dual curing mode combining thermocuring or thermocuring and photocuring, so that the damage to the quantum dots in the curing process is avoided, the uniformity of the coating in the curing process can be kept, and the surface defects of the condenser are reduced. The semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser effectively improves the sunlight collecting effect, and effectively reduces the utilization cost of solar energy by reducing the using amount of silicon crystal solar cells. The visible light transmittance of the condenser is higher than 50%, and the absolute fluorescence quantum yield reaches 95%. The geometrical gain factor (G), i.e. the area ratio of the upper surface to the photovoltaic cell, is up to 42, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is up to 2.8%. The fluorescent solar condenser disclosed by the invention has excellent aging stability, can still keep more than 90% of fluorescence quantum yield after being subjected to high temperature and high humidity of 60 ℃ and relative humidity of 90%, and can reach 1 grade of adhesion force of a perovskite quantum dot functional coating on a transparent flat plate by selecting a proper polymer film forming agent. The semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser prepared by the invention can be applied to photovoltaic building integrated components with certain requirements on light transmittance, such as building glass, curtain walls, shady sheds, high-speed partition walls and the like.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator is characterized by comprising: the optical transparent flat plate is coated with the perovskite quantum dot polymer coating on one surface of the optical transparent flat plate.
2. A preparation method of a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar condenser is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparation of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
Firstly, perovskite quantum dots are dispersed in an organic solvent, and are ultrasonically dispersed for half an hour at room temperature to obtain a uniformly dispersed perovskite quantum dot solution, a polymer resin film-forming agent is added into the solution, and the solution is fully and uniformly stirred to obtain perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry;
2) coating of perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry
Uniformly coating the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry obtained in the step 1) on the upper surface of an optical transparent flat plate substrate, and curing to obtain the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat plate fluorescent solar condenser with the perovskite quantum dot polymer coating.
3. The method for preparing a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat-plate fluorescent solar concentrator according to claim 2, wherein the boiling point of the organic solvent in the step 1) is 50-120 ℃, and the organic solvent is one or a mixture of toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-hexane.
4. The method for preparing a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1), the perovskite quantum dots are organic-inorganic hybrid or all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots and surface-modified and modified quantum dots thereof, and the general formula is ABX3Wherein A is a metal cation or a positively charged organic cation, B is a metal cation, X is a halide ion, preferably, A is Cs+,FA+(HN=CH-NH3+),CHNH3+Or RNH3+Wherein R is a saturated/unsaturated straight chain or branched chain alkyl group or an aromatic group with a carbon chain atom number of 1-18 and a derivative group thereof; b is Pb2+、Sn2+、Sb2+、Bi2+、Ag+、Zn2+、Mn2+、Cu2+Or Ge+One or more of (a); x is Cl-、Br-、I-One or more of (a).
5. The method for preparing a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1), the polymer resin film forming agent is an optically transparent polymer resin composite film forming agent of one or more of organic silicon resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid resin, polycarbonate resin, polystyrene resin and derivative copolymers thereof, polyolefin and derivative copolymers thereof, cellulose acetate and polyvinyl chloride.
6. The preparation method of the semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat-plate fluorescent solar concentrator according to claim 2, wherein the average particle size of the perovskite quantum dots in the step 1) is 5-100 nm, the content of the quantum dots in the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry is 0.5-10 wt%, the content of the organic solvent is 0.5-80 wt%, and the content of the polymer film former is 10-99 wt%.
7. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step 2), the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry is coated by screen transfer coating, blade coating or slit extrusion coating, and the perovskite quantum dot polymer slurry is cured by thermal curing or thermosetting and ultraviolet curing.
8. The method according to claim 2, wherein in step 2), the optically transparent plate is one of an optically transparent polystyrene plate, a polymethyl methacrylate plate, a quartz glass plate or a silicate glass plate.
9. The method for preparing a semitransparent perovskite quantum dot flat fluorescent solar concentrator according to claim 2, wherein in the step 2), the thickness of the perovskite quantum dot polymer coating is 0.2-100 μm, and the thickness of the optical transparent flat plate is 2-10 mm.
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