CN114334532A - Vacuum circuit breaker based on Internet of things - Google Patents
Vacuum circuit breaker based on Internet of things Download PDFInfo
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- CN114334532A CN114334532A CN202210062312.XA CN202210062312A CN114334532A CN 114334532 A CN114334532 A CN 114334532A CN 202210062312 A CN202210062312 A CN 202210062312A CN 114334532 A CN114334532 A CN 114334532A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum circuit breaker based on the Internet of things, which comprises a vacuum arc extinguish chamber, an operating mechanism, a bracket and an insulating column with a cavity structure, wherein the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is arranged in the insulating column; the end part of the moving contact positioned in the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is connected with the inner wall of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber through a spring; one end of the insulator is connected with the end part of the moving contact positioned outside the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, and the magnet unit is positioned inside the insulator; the device also comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a camera, a current transformer unit, a rectifying unit, a filtering unit, a DC-DC conversion unit, a storage battery unit, a singlechip unit and a wireless communication unit; the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged in the insulating column; the camera is arranged on the bracket; the invention can realize the remote control on/off of the circuit breaker, and the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is not influenced by the external environment, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber can not be reduced along with the time, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment, and particularly relates to a vacuum circuit breaker based on the Internet of things.
Background
The vacuum circuit breaker is named because the arc extinguishing medium and the insulating medium of the contact gap after arc extinguishing are both high vacuum; the arc extinguishing device has the advantages of small volume, light weight, suitability for frequent operation and no need of maintenance for arc extinguishing, and is widely applied to power distribution networks. The vacuum circuit breaker can also be used for protecting and controlling electrical equipment in industrial and mining enterprises, power plants and transformer substations, and is particularly suitable for use places requiring no oil, less maintenance and frequent operation. The vacuum circuit breaker can close, carry and open/close a switching device for current under a normal circuit condition and can close and open/close a switching device for current under an abnormal circuit condition within a specified time. The vacuum circuit breaker can be used for distributing electric energy, starting an asynchronous motor infrequently, protecting a power supply circuit, the motor and the like, and automatically cutting off a circuit when faults such as serious overload, short circuit, undervoltage and the like occur, and the function of the vacuum circuit breaker is equivalent to the combination of a fuse type switch, an over-under-heat relay and the like.
Vacuum circuit breakers mainly comprise three major parts: vacuum interrupter, operating mechanism, support. Wherein the vacuum interrupter is the most core component, the vacuum degree in the vacuum interrupter tube must be kept at 10-4Below pa, however, as the service life of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber increases, the number of times of opening and closing increases and is influenced by external environmental factors (wind, rain, sunshine, etc.), the vacuum degree of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber gradually decreases to a certain degree, which will affect the opening and closing capability and voltage-resisting level of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, and will seriously affect the capacity of the vacuum circuit breaker to open and close over-current, and lead to the service life of the vacuum circuit breaker sharply decreasing, and switch explosion will be caused in serious cases, and meanwhile, in the using process of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, the vacuum degree is not easy to be perceived after decreasing, and the maintenance is very difficult.
The working principle of the vacuum circuit breaker is as follows: when the moving contact and the static contact are switched off under the action of the operating mechanism, electric arcs are generated between the contacts, metal steam is volatilized from the surfaces of the contacts at high temperature, extremely strong gap breakdown is caused, vacuum electric arcs are generated, plasma of the vacuum electric arcs is diffused all around quickly along with the opening of the contacts, the plasma is condensed on the shielding cover, the electric arcs disappear, severe high temperature is generated inside the shielding cover, impact is generated on the shielding cover, the shielding cover is easily corroded by the outside due to outdoor use, fine damage is generated on the surface, and the shielding cover is easily broken under the impact of high temperature and high pressure, so that a circuit is short-circuited or even catches fire.
Through the above detailed analysis, it can be seen that it is very significant to enhance the protection of the vacuum interrupter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vacuum circuit breaker based on the Internet of things, which has the advantage of long service life and can realize remote control; the air tightness of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is hardly influenced by the increase of the service time and the increase of the switching-on and switching-off times; the influence of external environmental factors such as wind, rain and sunshine can be avoided, the vacuum degree can not be reduced, and the frequency of later maintenance is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a vacuum circuit breaker based on the Internet of things comprises a vacuum arc extinguish chamber, an operating mechanism and a bracket, and is characterized by also comprising an insulating column with a cavity structure, wherein the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is arranged in the insulating column; the static contact penetrates through one of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber and the insulating column, and the moving contact penetrates through the other end of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber and the other end of the insulating column; the contact positions of the static contact and the moving contact with the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are in sealing connection; the bracket is connected with the lower surface of the insulating column; the first outgoing line conductive end is connected with the end part of the static contact, which is positioned outside the insulating column, and the second outgoing line conductive end is connected with the end part of the movable contact, which is positioned outside the insulating column;
the end part of the moving contact positioned in the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is connected with the inner wall of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber through a spring;
one end of the insulator is connected with the end part of the moving contact positioned outside the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, and the magnet unit is positioned inside the insulator;
the device also comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a camera, a current transformer unit, a rectifying unit, a filtering unit, a DC-DC conversion unit, a storage battery unit, a singlechip unit and a wireless communication unit;
the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged in the insulating column;
the camera is arranged on the bracket;
the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the camera are respectively and electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer unit;
the current transformer unit induces current from the first outgoing current conducting end, the output end of the current transformer unit is connected with the input end of the rectifying unit, the output end of the rectifying unit is connected with the input end of the filtering unit, and the output end of the filtering unit is connected with the input end of the storage battery unit;
the storage battery unit supplies power to the single chip microcomputer unit and the wireless communication unit;
the wireless communication unit is electrically connected with the singlechip microcomputer;
the input end of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected with the output end of the filtering unit, the control end of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected with the IO port of the single chip microcomputer, and the output end of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected with the input end of the magnetic field generating unit;
the magnetic field generating unit adopts an electrified spiral coil, is arranged beside the magnet unit and is matched with the magnet unit.
More preferred technical scheme, still include the auto-lock circuit; the self-locking circuit comprises an alarm, a resistor, a polar capacitor, an automatic reset normally closed switch, an automatic reset normally open switch and a thyristor; the automatic reset normally-open switch is arranged near the contact position of the moving contact and the insulating column and is positioned in the insulating column;
one end of the automatic reset normally closed switch is connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery unit, and the other end of the automatic reset normally closed switch is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor and the cathode of the thyristor; the positive electrode of the capacitor is connected with one end of an automatic reset normally-open switch, and the other end of the automatic reset normally-open switch is connected with the gate pole of the thyristor; the positive pole of thyristor connects one end of resistance and one end of siren, and the positive pole of electric capacity is connected to the other end of resistance, and the positive pole of battery unit is connected to the other end of siren.
More preferably, the internal atmospheric pressure of the insulating column is less than 10-4pa。
In a more preferable technical scheme, the singlechip unit adopts an ATmega8 singlechip.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the device has the advantages of long service life and can realize remote control; the air tightness of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is hardly influenced by the increase of the service time and the increase of the switching-on and switching-off times; the influence of external environmental factors such as wind, rain and sunshine can be avoided, the vacuum degree can not be reduced, and the frequency of later maintenance is reduced. The vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber can effectively shield rainwater, effectively avoid the contact of the rainwater with the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber and avoid the surface of equipment from rusting and equipment from failing, thereby prolonging the service life of the equipment; and set up self-locking circuit, if the vacuum interrupter leaks the problem, can detect and send alarm signal the very first time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a vacuum circuit breaker according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the self-locking circuit adopted by the invention.
Wherein, 1 is a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber; 2 is an insulating column; 3 is a static contact; 4 is a moving contact; 5 is a first outlet conductive end; 6 is a second outlet conductive end; 7 is a spring member; 8 is a scaffold; 9 is an insulator; 10 is a magnet unit; reference numeral 11 denotes an energized coil.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the vacuum circuit breaker based on the internet of things comprises a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, an operating mechanism and a bracket, and further comprises an insulating column with a cavity structure, wherein the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is arranged inside the insulating column; the static contact penetrates through one of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber and the insulating column, and the moving contact penetrates through the other end of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber and the other end of the insulating column; the contact positions of the static contact and the moving contact with the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are in sealing connection; the bracket is connected with the lower surface of the insulating column; the first outgoing line conductive end is connected with the end part of the static contact, which is positioned outside the insulating column, and the second outgoing line conductive end is connected with the end part of the movable contact, which is positioned outside the insulating column; the end part of the moving contact positioned in the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is connected with the inner wall of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber through a spring; one end of the insulator is connected with the end part of the moving contact positioned outside the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, and the magnet unit is positioned inside the insulator; the device also comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a camera, a current transformer unit, a rectifying unit, a filtering unit, a DC-DC conversion unit, a storage battery unit, a singlechip unit and a wireless communication unit; the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged in the insulating column;
the camera is arranged on the bracket; the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the camera are respectively and electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer unit; the current transformer unit induces current from the first outgoing current conducting end, the output end of the current transformer unit is connected with the input end of the rectifying unit, the output end of the rectifying unit is connected with the input end of the filtering unit, and the output end of the filtering unit is connected with the input end of the storage battery unit; the storage battery unit supplies power to the single chip microcomputer unit and the wireless communication unit; the wireless communication unit is electrically connected with the singlechip microcomputer; the input end of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected with the output end of the filtering unit, the control end of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected with the IO port of the single chip microcomputer, and the output end of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected with the input end of the magnetic field generating unit; the magnetic field generating unit adopts an electrified spiral coil and is arranged beside the magnet unit, the magnetic field generating unit is matched with the magnet unit, the magnet unit is repelled when the magnetic field generating unit generates a magnetic field, the magnet unit pushes the insulator, and the insulator pushes the moving contact, so that the static contact and the moving contact are contacted, and when the magnetic field generating unit does not generate the magnetic field, the moving contact can be restored to the original position under the action of the spring component.
Fig. 3 is a self-locking circuit designed solely for the present invention, in which K1 is an automatic reset normally closed switch, K2 is an automatic reset normally open switch, and SCR is a thyristor, considering that the hermetic sealing problem occurs in case of a vacuum interrupter. The self-locking circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a polar capacitor, an automatic reset normally closed switch, an automatic reset normally open switch and a thyristor; the automatic reset normally open switch is arranged near the contact position of the moving contact and the insulating column, so that according to historical experience, if the vacuum circuit breaker has an air tightness problem, the air tightness problem occurs at the contact position of the moving contact and the insulating column with high probability, once the air tightness problem occurs, the automatic reset normally open switch is triggered to be closed for a short time by the increase of air pressure, and a self-locking circuit is triggered; the single chip microcomputer always detects the voltage at the two ends of the resistor R2, and when the voltage at the two ends of the resistor R2 is found to be high level, the single chip microcomputer immediately sends the information of the conduction of the thyristor to the remote terminal, and reports that the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber has the air tightness problem.
One end of the automatic reset normally closed switch is connected with the low level of the power supply, and the other end of the automatic reset normally closed switch is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor and the cathode of the thyristor; the positive electrode of the capacitor is connected with one end of an automatic reset normally-open switch, and the other end of the automatic reset normally-open switch is connected with the gate pole of the thyristor; the anode of the thyristor is connected with one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the capacitor, and the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with the high level of the power supply.
The working principle of the invention is described as follows: the current transformer unit is used for collecting current, the current is rectified and filtered to supply power to the whole control circuit, the DC-DC conversion unit is used for generating controllable alternating current, a magnetic field is generated by the alternating current, the magnetic field is used for controlling the magnet unit to move, and therefore the static contact and the moving contact are switched on and off.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A vacuum circuit breaker based on the Internet of things comprises a vacuum arc extinguish chamber, an operating mechanism and a bracket, and is characterized by also comprising an insulating column with a cavity structure, wherein the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is arranged in the insulating column; the static contact penetrates through one of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber and the insulating column, and the moving contact penetrates through the other end of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber and the other end of the insulating column; the contact positions of the static contact and the moving contact with the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber are in sealing connection; the bracket is connected with the lower surface of the insulating column; the first outgoing line conductive end is connected with the end part of the static contact, which is positioned outside the insulating column, and the second outgoing line conductive end is connected with the end part of the movable contact, which is positioned outside the insulating column;
the end part of the moving contact positioned in the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is connected with the inner wall of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber through a spring; one end of the insulator is connected with the end part of the moving contact positioned outside the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, and the magnet unit is positioned inside the insulator;
the device also comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a camera, a current transformer unit, a rectifying unit, a filtering unit, a DC-DC conversion unit, a storage battery unit, a singlechip unit and a wireless communication unit;
the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are arranged in the insulating column;
the camera is arranged on the bracket;
the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor and the camera are respectively and electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer unit; the current transformer unit induces current from the first outgoing current conducting end, the output end of the current transformer unit is connected with the input end of the rectifying unit, the output end of the rectifying unit is connected with the input end of the filtering unit, and the output end of the filtering unit is connected with the input end of the storage battery unit;
the storage battery unit supplies power to the single chip microcomputer unit and the wireless communication unit;
the wireless communication unit is electrically connected with the singlechip microcomputer;
the input end of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected with the output end of the filtering unit, the control end of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected with the IO port of the single chip microcomputer, and the output end of the DC-DC conversion unit is connected with the input end of the magnetic field generating unit;
the magnetic field generating unit adopts an electrified spiral coil, is arranged beside the magnet unit and is matched with the magnet unit.
2. The vacuum circuit breaker based on the internet of things of claim 1, further comprising a self-locking circuit; the self-locking circuit comprises an alarm, a resistor, a polar capacitor, an automatic reset normally closed switch, an automatic reset normally open switch and a thyristor; the automatic reset normally-open switch is arranged near the contact position of the moving contact and the insulating column and is positioned in the insulating column;
one end of the automatic reset normally closed switch is connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery unit, and the other end of the automatic reset normally closed switch is connected with the negative electrode of the capacitor and the cathode of the thyristor; the positive electrode of the capacitor is connected with one end of an automatic reset normally-open switch, and the other end of the automatic reset normally-open switch is connected with the gate pole of the thyristor; the positive pole of thyristor connects one end of resistance and one end of siren, and the positive pole of electric capacity is connected to the other end of resistance, and the positive pole of battery unit is connected to the other end of siren.
3. The internet of things-based vacuum circuit breaker as claimed in claim 1, wherein the internal atmospheric pressure of the insulating column is less than 10%-4pa。
4. The vacuum circuit breaker based on the internet of things of claim 1, wherein the single chip microcomputer unit adopts an ATmega8 single chip microcomputer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210062312.XA CN114334532A (en) | 2022-01-19 | 2022-01-19 | Vacuum circuit breaker based on Internet of things |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210062312.XA CN114334532A (en) | 2022-01-19 | 2022-01-19 | Vacuum circuit breaker based on Internet of things |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114334532A true CN114334532A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210062312.XA Pending CN114334532A (en) | 2022-01-19 | 2022-01-19 | Vacuum circuit breaker based on Internet of things |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114334532A (en) |
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- 2022-01-19 CN CN202210062312.XA patent/CN114334532A/en active Pending
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