CN114331708A - Spectrum resource transaction method, system, equipment and storage medium based on block chain - Google Patents
Spectrum resource transaction method, system, equipment and storage medium based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN114331708A CN114331708A CN202111354463.4A CN202111354463A CN114331708A CN 114331708 A CN114331708 A CN 114331708A CN 202111354463 A CN202111354463 A CN 202111354463A CN 114331708 A CN114331708 A CN 114331708A
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Abstract
The invention provides a frequency spectrum resource transaction method, a system, equipment and a storage medium based on a block chain, wherein the frequency spectrum resource transaction method comprises the following steps: the management node receives a registration application request submitted by the transaction participating node, generates a public key, a private key and a legal certificate based on the registration application request, and sends the generated public key, private key and legal certificate to the transaction participating node; the management node carries out identity verification on the nodes participating in the transaction; and the management node calls the intelligent contract to manage the frequency spectrum transaction participated by the transaction participation node. The frequency spectrum resource transaction system and method based on the block chain are adopted to manage the frequency spectrum resource transaction process, so that the frequency spectrum resource sharing and traceability are realized, and the information of the transaction process is prevented from being tampered.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of network communication and data processing technologies, and in particular, to a spectrum resource transaction method, system, device, and storage medium based on a block chain.
Background
Radio spectrum is an indispensable precious resource in mobile communications and an important bearer for mobile communications transmission. With the development and popularization of 5G mobile communication technology, the demand of mobile communication systems for spectrum resources is greatly increased, so that spectrum resources are increasingly in short supply. The allocation of spectrum resources among different operators is difficult to maintain real-time balance, which often occurs when the spectrum of a certain operator cannot meet the current requirement, and the spectrums of other operators are in an idle state, thus causing great waste of spectrum resources.
Therefore, the sharing of the spectrum resources among the operators is inevitably achieved, and the existing spectrum resource sharing strategy has many problems, for example, a uniformly recorded database is lacked, so that the use condition of the spectrum resources of the operators is not transparent. And a trust mechanism is lacked among sharing parties, information is easy to be tampered, and a lot of private information is easy to leak.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a spectrum resource transaction method based on a block chain, which includes the following specific technical solutions:
a frequency spectrum resource transaction method based on a block chain is applied to a frequency spectrum resource transaction system, and the frequency spectrum resource transaction system comprises the following steps:
the block chain platform is constructed based on a block chain framework, nodes in the block chain platform at least comprise a management node and a transaction participation node, and preset intelligent contracts are deployed in the management node and the transaction participation node;
the spectrum resource transaction method comprises the following steps:
the management node receives a registration application request submitted by the transaction participating node, generates a public key, a private key and a legal certificate based on the registration application request, and sends the generated public key, private key and legal certificate to the transaction participating node;
the participant node submits an identity statement and a spectrum transaction requirement statement, wherein the identity includes a seller operator and a buyer operator, and the spectrum transaction requirement statement includes a spectrum price, a spectrum frequency band and a spectrum duration;
the management node carries out identity verification on the transaction participating node;
and the management node calls the intelligent contract to manage the frequency spectrum transaction in which the transaction participation node participates.
In some embodiments, after receiving the public key, the private key, and the legal certificate sent by the management node, the participating transaction node signs a signature on the legal certificate using the private key to generate a signature certificate, and broadcasts the public key and the signature certificate to other participating transaction nodes. The identity verification of the transaction participating node by the management node comprises the following steps: and the management node calls other transaction participating nodes to ensure that the other transaction participating nodes use the public key to verify whether the signature certificate is legal or not.
In some embodiments, the smart contract comprises an auction contract and a transaction execution contract. The management node calls the intelligent contract to execute the spectrum transaction participated by the participation transaction node, and the spectrum transaction participated by the participation transaction node comprises the following steps: the manager node calls the auction contract to conduct a spectrum auction according to the spectrum trade requirement statement; after the spectrum auction is finished and when the auction of the seller operator is successful, the manager node calls the transaction execution contract to complete the spectrum transaction and writes transaction information into the block chain.
In some embodiments, the intelligent contract further comprises a trade early closing contract, and after the spectrum auction is finished and the auction of the seller operator is not successful, the manager node calls the trade early closing contract to finish returning of the remaining auction deposit and writes trade information into the blockchain.
In some embodiments, invoking, by the manager node, the transaction execution contract to complete a spectrum transaction comprises: examining the auction result, wherein the examination comprises the identity examination of the transaction participants and whether the transaction participants have malicious behaviors; and when the examination passes, the payment settlement and the spectrum delivery are completed.
In some embodiments, invoking, by the manager node, the auction contract to conduct a spectrum auction according to the spectrum trade requirement statement comprises: writing a spectrum transaction requirement statement of the vendor operator to a blockchain; writing a submitted spectrum transaction requirement statement of the buyer operator into a blockchain within a predetermined auction public time; and at the end of the auction public time, reading the submitted spectrum transaction requirement statement of the buyer operator from the block chain, and selecting the buyer operator with the highest spectrum price as an auction winner.
The invention provides a frequency spectrum resource trading system based on a block chain, which comprises a block chain platform constructed based on a block chain framework, wherein nodes in the block chain platform at least comprise a management node and a trading participating node, and preset intelligent contracts are respectively deployed in the management node and the trading participating node;
the management node is configured to receive a registration application request submitted by the transaction participating node, generate a public key, a private key and a legal certificate based on the registration application request, and send the generated public key, private key and legal certificate to the transaction participating node;
the participant node is configured to invoke the smart contract to submit an identity claim and a spectrum transaction requirement claim, wherein the identity comprises a seller operator and a buyer operator, and the spectrum transaction requirement claim comprises a spectrum price, a spectrum frequency band and a spectrum duration;
the management node is further configured to authenticate the participating transaction node;
the management node is further configured to invoke the smart contract to manage the spectrum trade in which the participating trading node participates.
A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method for trading spectrum resources according to any one of the first aspect of the present invention.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for trading spectrum resources according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention.
The frequency spectrum resource transaction system and method based on the block chain are adopted to manage the frequency spectrum resource transaction process, so that the frequency spectrum resource sharing and traceability are realized, and the information of the transaction process is prevented from being tampered.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions in the designed system architectures, the following briefly introduces the embodiments of the present invention and the system architectures and the drawings used in the technical solutions, which are described below, obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an interaction relationship between entities in a spectrum resource transaction system based on a block chain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation of a spectrum resource transaction method based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an execution flowchart of a part of a link of a spectrum resource transaction method based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an execution flowchart of a part of a link of a spectrum resource transaction method based on a blockchain according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide an indicative description of the invention, and it is to be noted that all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
The system architecture and the prior art solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that the described embodiments are only for explaining and illustrating the present invention, and not for all purposes. On the basis of the embodiments provided by the invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person with ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort are within the protection scope of the present application.
Summary of the application
The existing spectrum resource sharing strategy has many problems, for example, the use condition of the spectrum resource of each operator is not transparent due to the lack of a uniformly recorded database. And a trust mechanism is lacked among sharing parties, information is easy to be tampered, and a lot of private information is easy to leak.
The block chain technology is very suitable for information tracing and privacy protection in the field of logistics transportation due to the characteristics of decentralization, multi-party consensus, information non-falsification, openness and transparency and the like. The block chain is essentially a credible distributed database, and is a novel application mode of traditional computer technologies such as distributed storage, consensus mechanism, point-to-point communication, encryption algorithm and the like. In the blockchain, information is stored in a chain-type scattered mode and is cross-verified, so that the information cannot be forged and falsified. The intelligent contracts for blockchains can be automatically executed without any central authority's audit.
The block chain technology is utilized to optimize the existing spectrum resource sharing system, the advantages of the block chain technology can be fully utilized, and the traceability of information in the spectrum resource sharing process is realized. And the participants in the new mode are normalized, and the business process is unified, so that the trust crisis in the object spectrum resource sharing process is solved.
In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a method, a system, a device and a storage medium for spectrum resource transaction based on a block chain, which store transaction request information and transaction process information of spectrum resources to the block chain, and implement the whole process of spectrum transaction by using an intelligent contract.
Example (b): spectrum resource transaction system based on block chain
The spectrum resource trading method based on the block chain is applied to a spectrum resource trading system, the spectrum resource trading system comprises a block chain platform constructed based on a block chain framework, nodes in the block chain platform at least comprise a management node and a trading participation node, and preset intelligent contracts are arranged in the management node and the trading participation node.
The block chain platform based on registration permission aims to construct a trusted spectrum trading environment for each participating trading party so as to meet the spectrum resource trading requirements of each operator. The block chain platform adopts a alliance chain structure. The system is added into a blockchain platform and comprises two types of entities, namely a manager and a participatory trader, wherein:
the manager does not participate in the spectrum transaction, and is responsible for managing the participation of the trader and the transaction process.
The participating traders include the seller operator and the buyer operator, and of course, the identities of the seller operator and the buyer operator are not fixed, and for each operator, the identity of the seller operator and the identity of the buyer operator in one time node and in one trading process can be the seller operator, and the identity of the seller operator and the identity of the buyer operator in another time node and in another trading process can be switched to the buyer operator.
Vendor operator: consisting of several operators who have spare spectrum resources available for lease or sale during a certain period of time.
The buyer operator: consisting of several operators who need to buy and lease spectrum resources at a certain time.
The manager, the seller operator and the buyer operator are connected and communicated with each other through the blockchain network.
The interaction process between the manager, the seller operator and the buyer operator is shown in fig. 1, and of course, the number of the seller operator and the buyer operator is not more than one.
Example (b): a spectrum resource transaction method based on a block chain.
The spectrum resource transaction method based on the block chain provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to the spectrum resource transaction system provided by the embodiment,
as shown in fig. 2, the spectrum resource transaction method in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s100, the management node receives a registration application request submitted by a transaction participating node, generates a public key, a private key and a legal certificate based on the registration application request, and sends the generated public key, private key and legal certificate to the transaction participating node.
Optionally, after receiving the public key, the private key and the legal certificate sent by the management node, the participating transaction node uses the private key to sign the legal certificate to generate a signature certificate, and broadcasts the public key and the signature certificate to other participating transaction nodes.
S200, the participant node submits an identity statement and a spectrum transaction requirement statement, wherein the identity includes a seller operator and a buyer operator, and the spectrum transaction requirement statement includes a spectrum price, a spectrum frequency band and a spectrum duration.
For example, 3 operators declare as seller operators according to the usage of their own spectrum within a certain time period in the future, and declare the spectrum frequency band, spectrum price and spectrum duration to be sold or rented respectively. Correspondingly, 5 operators declare as buyer operators according to the use condition of own frequency spectrum within a certain time period range in the future, and declare frequency bands, frequency spectrum prices and frequency spectrum duration of frequency spectrum required to be purchased or leased respectively.
As known to those skilled in the art, there are often multiple operators who have the same or similar spectrum resources to sell or lease the spectrum resources in the same time period, and then there is necessarily a competitive relationship between these vendor operators.
Under such a premise, the vendor operator can freely decide the spectrum price of the spectrum that he or she is prepared to sell or rent according to the situation, without considering the maximized profit. For example, to sell or lease spectrum as soon as possible, the vendor operator may set the price of the spectrum lower with reference to historical prices. However, to maximize its own revenue and to be able to win in competition, the vendor operator generally needs to use a suitable strategy to determine the spectrum price of the spectrum resource that it sells or rents, i.e. the spectrum price in the spectrum trade requirement statement.
The non-cooperative gaming model of the gaming theory is very consistent with the competition relationship among the seller operators, and therefore, optionally, the seller operators adopt the non-cooperative gaming model to determine the frequency spectrum price. In some embodiments, the non-cooperative gaming model employed by the seller operator employing the non-cooperative gaming model is as follows:
the utility function of the vendor operator is:
profiti(P)＝bipi+c1Mi-ζi(bi)，
the cost function for the vendor operator is:
wherein: profiti(P) earnings obtained by renting out spectrum for the ith seller operator, biAmount of spectrum, p, sold or rented for the ith seller operator nodeiSpectrum quote for the ith vendor operator node, wiTotal amount of spectrum, M, owned by the ith vendor operator nodeiNumber of end users for ith vendor operator node, Bi reqThe amount of spectrum required for the ith vendor operator node to operate normally, C1、C2Is a constant;
the utility function of the buyer operator node is:
wherein: biAmount of spectrum, p, shared for ith vendor operator nodeiSpectrum quote for ith vendor operator node, ki (s)The spectrum utilization rate is the spectrum utilization rate of the buyer operator node for wireless transmission by using the spectrum of the seller operator node, and mu is the degree of freedom.
The model is solved through nash equilibrium analysis, and the price of selling or renting the frequency spectrum by a seller operator can be determined. It should be noted that: the non-cooperative game model and the nash equilibrium solving process adopted by the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art, and the detailed description thereof is omitted here. In practicing the present invention, a person skilled in the art can refer to the related prior art documents published in Nanjing post and telecommunications university newspaper (Nature science edition) volume 31, No. 3 entitled "an improved dynamic spectrum sharing algorithm based on game theory", and Sudoku et al filed on the graduate thesis of Master research in the title of "research on spectrum sharing algorithm based on game theory".
S300, the management node performs identity authentication on the transaction participating nodes.
As described in step S100, after receiving the public key, the private key, and the legal certificate sent by the management node, the participating transaction node uses the public key to sign the legal certificate to generate a signature certificate, and broadcasts the public key and the signature certificate to other participating transaction nodes.
Therefore, optionally, the authenticating the participating transaction node by the management node comprises:
and the management node calls other transaction participating nodes, and the other transaction participating nodes verify whether the signature certificate of the transaction participating nodes is legal or not by using the received public key, and if the signature certificate is legal, the signature certificate passes the verification. Subsequent transaction processes may continue to be performed. Otherwise, the transaction process is directly closed.
S400, the management node calls an intelligent contract to manage the frequency spectrum transaction participated by the transaction participation node.
Optionally, the intelligent contract comprises an auction contract and a transaction execution contract:
and after the identity authentication of each transaction participating node is passed, the manager node calls an auction contract to execute the spectrum auction transaction according to the spectrum transaction requirement statement of each seller operator. As shown in fig. 3, in particular, the spectrum auction transaction includes the following sub-steps:
s401, writing a spectrum transaction requirement statement of a seller operator into a block chain.
At this time, the buyer operator with the identity verified in the blockchain platform can obtain the spectrum transaction requirement statement issued by the seller operator from the corresponding transaction participating node, and determine whether to participate in the auction.
The buyer operator, if elected to participate in the auction, submits a spectrum transaction requirement statement including information such as spectrum price to the administrator node.
S402, writing the spectrum transaction requirement statement submitted by the buyer operator into a block chain within the preset auction public time.
And S403, when the auction public time is over, reading the submitted spectrum transaction requirement statement of the buyer operator from the block chain, and selecting the buyer operator with the highest spectrum price as an auction winner.
After the spectrum auction is finished and the auction of the seller operator is successful, the manager node calls a transaction execution contract to complete the spectrum transaction and writes the transaction information into the block chain.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 4, the invoking of the trade execution contract by the manager node to complete the spectrum trade includes the following sub-steps:
s404, the auction result is examined, and the examination comprises the identity examination of the transaction participants and whether the transaction participants have malicious behaviors.
And S405, completing payment settlement and spectrum delivery when the examination passes.
Optionally, the smart contract further comprises a trade advance close contract.
After the spectrum auction is over, and the auction of the seller operator is not successful, that is, the spectrum prices given by all the party operators participating in the auction are lower than the spectrum price declared by the seller operator. At the moment, the manager node calls the transaction to close the contract in advance to close the transaction, completes the return of the rest auction deposit, and finally writes the transaction information into the block chain.
Example electronic device
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 500 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 4, the electronic device 500 includes a processor 501 and a memory 503, and the processor 501 is connected to the memory 503, for example, through a bus 502.
The processor 501 may be a CPU, general purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable device, transistor logic device, hardware component, or any combination thereof. Which may implement or perform the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure. The processor 501 may also be a combination of implementing computing functionality, e.g., including one or more microprocessors, a combination of DSPs and microprocessors, and the like.
The bus 502 may be a PCI bus or an EISA bus, etc. The bus 502 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown, but this does not mean only one bus or one type of bus.
The memory 503 may be, but is not limited to, a ROM or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a RAM or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, an EEPROM, a CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
The memory 503 is used for storing the application program codes of the present application, and is controlled by the processor 501 to execute. The processor 501 is configured to execute the application program code stored in the memory 503 to implement the spectrum resource transaction method based on the block chain in the foregoing embodiment.
Finally, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for trading spectrum resources based on a blockchain in the foregoing embodiment is implemented.
The invention has been described above with a certain degree of particularity. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the description of the embodiments is merely exemplary and that all changes that come within the true spirit and scope of the invention are desired to be protected. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description of the embodiments.
Claims (9)
1. A spectrum resource transaction method based on a block chain is implemented in a spectrum resource transaction system, and the spectrum resource transaction system comprises:
the block chain platform is constructed based on a block chain framework, nodes in the block chain platform at least comprise a management node and a transaction participation node, and preset intelligent contracts are deployed in the management node and the transaction participation node;
the spectrum resource transaction method comprises the following steps:
the management node receives a registration application request submitted by the transaction participating node, generates a public key, a private key and a legal certificate based on the registration application request, and sends the generated public key, private key and legal certificate to the transaction participating node;
the participant node submits an identity statement and a spectrum transaction requirement statement, wherein the identity includes a seller operator and a buyer operator, and the spectrum transaction requirement statement includes a spectrum price, a spectrum frequency band and a spectrum duration;
the management node carries out identity verification on the transaction participating node;
and the management node calls the intelligent contract to manage the frequency spectrum transaction in which the transaction participation node participates.
2. The method of spectrum resource transaction of claim 1, wherein:
after receiving the public key, the private key and the legal certificate sent by the management node, the participating transaction node signs a signature on the legal certificate by using the private key to generate a signature certificate and broadcasts the public key and the signature certificate to other participating transaction nodes;
the identity verification of the transaction participating node by the management node comprises the following steps:
and the management node calls other transaction participating nodes to ensure that the other transaction participating nodes use the public key to verify whether the signature certificate is legal or not.
3. The method of spectrum resource transaction of claim 1, wherein: the intelligent contract comprises an auction contract and a transaction execution contract:
the management node calls the intelligent contract to execute the spectrum transaction participated by the participation transaction node, and the spectrum transaction participated by the participation transaction node comprises the following steps: the manager node calls the auction contract to conduct a spectrum auction according to the spectrum trade requirement statement; after the spectrum auction is finished and when the auction of the seller operator is successful, the manager node calls the transaction execution contract to complete the spectrum transaction and writes transaction information into the block chain.
4. The method of spectrum resource transaction of claim 3, wherein: the intelligent contract further comprises a trade advance close contract;
after the frequency spectrum auction is finished and the auction of the seller operator is not successful, the manager node calls the transaction closing contract in advance to finish the return of the rest auction deposit and writes the transaction information into the block chain.
5. The method of spectrum resource transaction of claim 3, wherein: the administrator node invoking the transaction execution contract to complete the spectrum transaction includes:
examining the auction result, wherein the examination comprises the identity examination of the transaction participants and whether the transaction participants have malicious behaviors;
and when the examination passes, the payment settlement and the spectrum delivery are completed.
6. The method of spectrum resource transaction of claim 3, wherein: the manager node invoking the auction contract to conduct a spectrum auction according to the spectrum trade requirement statement comprises:
writing a spectrum transaction requirement statement of the vendor operator to a blockchain;
writing a submitted spectrum transaction requirement statement of the buyer operator into a blockchain within a predetermined auction public time;
and at the end of the auction public time, reading the submitted spectrum transaction requirement statement of the buyer operator from the block chain, and selecting the buyer operator with the highest spectrum price as an auction winner.
7. A frequency spectrum resource transaction system based on a block chain is characterized in that: the block chain platform is constructed based on a block chain framework, nodes in the block chain platform at least comprise a management node and a transaction participation node, and preset intelligent contracts are deployed in the management node and the transaction participation node;
the management node is configured to receive a registration application request submitted by the transaction participating node, generate a public key, a private key and a legal certificate based on the registration application request, and send the generated public key, private key and legal certificate to the transaction participating node;
the participant node is configured to submit an identity claim, a spectrum transaction requirement claim, wherein the identity comprises a seller operator and a buyer operator, and the spectrum transaction requirement claim comprises a spectrum price, a spectrum frequency band and a spectrum duration;
the management node is further configured to authenticate the participating transaction node;
the management node is further configured to invoke the smart contract to manage the spectrum trade in which the participating trading node participates.
8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of trading spectrum resources of any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the program.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the spectrum resource transaction method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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