CN114325446A - Method and device for testing cycle life of battery pack, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Method and device for testing cycle life of battery pack, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004082 amperometric method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for testing the cycle life of a battery pack, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein battery parameters of a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures are obtained, the battery parameters comprise charge-discharge energy and internal resistance of a battery, and the temperatures corresponding to the battery monomers are not all the same; according to the battery parameters, a capacity decline model is built, and a capacity decline curve is fitted according to the capacity decline model; and determining the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested according to the capacity fading curve. According to the technical scheme, the battery parameters of the plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures are obtained, the capacity decline curve is determined according to the obtained battery parameters, the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested is further determined, the determined battery parameters can accord with the capacity decline curve in application environments at different temperatures, and the accuracy of the determined cycle life of the battery pack to be tested is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of energy storage testing technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for testing a cycle life of a battery pack, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
In the working condition of energy storage application, the battery pack, especially the lithium ion battery pack has the characteristics of small-rate charge and discharge and long cycle times, the cycle life of the battery is used as an important index of the performance of the battery, and the battery pack needs to be tested in the generation process of the battery pack so as to ensure that the service life of the battery pack can reach the standard. The cycle charge and discharge test of the battery pack is required for testing the cycle life of the battery pack, so that the cycle of service life evaluation of the battery pack is very long, and particularly, a lithium iron phosphate battery with a long service life consumes a large amount of time in the research and evaluation process, and the test result is not accurate enough. Therefore, a method for accurately evaluating the life of a battery pack is needed.
In the prior art, the service life of a power battery pack is accurately and quickly detected mainly by constructing a test model of battery capacity decline. Specifically, the capacity retention rate of the battery pack subjected to constant-current charge and discharge test within preset times and corresponding test times are recorded; matching a simulated capacity decline curve of the battery pack by using the capacity retention rate and the corresponding test times; calculating the frequency value of the corresponding failure threshold value in the simulated capacity decline curve according to the failure threshold value of the preset capacity retention rate of the battery pack; and determining the frequency value as the cycle life value of the battery pack for constant-current charge and discharge.
However, the method in the prior art only provides a method for establishing a battery capacity degradation model, and a test method is not described in detail, and the method in the prior art does not consider the influence of the application environment of the battery pack on the battery life, so that the accuracy of the cycle life of the tested battery pack is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for testing the cycle life of a battery pack, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for testing cycle life of a battery pack, where the method for testing cycle life of a battery pack includes:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining battery parameters of a plurality of battery monomers in a battery pack to be tested at different temperatures, wherein the battery parameters comprise charge-discharge energy and battery internal resistance, and the temperatures corresponding to the battery monomers are not all the same.
And building a capacity decline model according to the battery parameters, and fitting a capacity decline curve according to the capacity decline model.
And determining the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested according to the capacity fading curve.
Optionally, the obtaining battery parameters of a plurality of battery cells in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures includes:
and determining the charging cut-off voltage and the discharging cut-off voltage corresponding to the initial DOD interval of the battery pack to be tested.
And controlling a tester to perform mixed power pulse characteristic test on a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer to obtain the internal resistance of each battery monomer at the corresponding temperature.
And controlling a tester to perform a plurality of charging and discharging tests on a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer according to the charging cut-off voltage and the discharging cut-off voltage to obtain the charging and discharging energy of each battery monomer at the corresponding temperature.
Optionally, before obtaining battery parameters of a plurality of battery cells in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures, the method further includes:
determining the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer according to the corresponding relation between the battery monomers and the temperature;
and controlling a temperature regulation device to regulate the temperature of each battery monomer to the temperature corresponding to the battery monomer according to the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer, wherein the plurality of battery monomers are placed on the temperature regulation device.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and determining the current DOD interval of the battery pack to be tested when the testing times reach a first preset time.
And judging whether the current DOD interval is consistent with the last determined DOD interval.
And if the current DOD interval is inconsistent with the last determined DOD interval, updating the charging cut-off voltage and the discharging cut-off voltage according to the current DOD interval.
Optionally, the battery parameters further include an energy retention rate; the acquiring of the battery parameters of the plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures comprises the following steps:
and when the test times reach a second preset time, acquiring first discharge energy of each battery cell in the test at the temperature corresponding to the battery cell.
And acquiring second discharge energy of each battery cell in the first test.
And determining the ratio of the second discharge energy to the first discharge energy as the energy conservation rate of each battery cell at the corresponding temperature of the battery cell.
Optionally, the method further includes: dividing the single batteries into different temperature intervals according to the number of the single batteries in the battery pack to be tested and a plurality of preset temperature intervals, and determining the corresponding relation between the single batteries and the temperature.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for testing cycle life of a battery pack, where the device for testing cycle life of a battery pack includes:
the testing module is used for obtaining battery parameters of a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures, wherein the battery parameters comprise charge-discharge energy and battery internal resistance, and the temperatures corresponding to the battery monomers are not all the same.
And the processing module is used for building a capacity decline model according to the battery parameters and fitting a capacity decline curve according to the capacity decline model.
And the determining module is used for determining the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested according to the capacity fading curve.
Optionally, the test module is specifically configured to determine a charging cut-off voltage and a discharging cut-off voltage corresponding to an initial DOD interval of the battery pack to be tested; controlling a tester to perform mixed power pulse characteristic test on a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer to obtain the internal resistance of each battery monomer at the corresponding temperature; and controlling a tester to perform a plurality of charging and discharging tests on a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer according to the charging cut-off voltage and the discharging cut-off voltage to obtain the charging and discharging energy of each battery monomer at the corresponding temperature.
Optionally, the test module is further configured to determine a temperature corresponding to each battery cell according to a corresponding relationship between the battery cell and the temperature; and controlling a temperature regulation device to regulate the temperature of each battery monomer to the temperature corresponding to the battery monomer according to the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer, wherein the plurality of battery monomers are placed on the temperature regulation device.
Optionally, the test module is further configured to determine a current DOD interval of the battery pack to be tested when the test frequency reaches a first preset frequency; judging whether the current DOD interval is consistent with the last determined DOD interval; and when the current DOD interval is inconsistent with the last determined DOD interval, updating the charging cut-off voltage and the discharging cut-off voltage according to the current DOD interval.
Optionally, the battery parameters further include an energy retention rate; the test module is specifically used for acquiring first discharge energy of each battery cell at a temperature corresponding to the battery cell in the test when the test frequency reaches a second preset frequency; acquiring second discharge energy of each battery cell in a first test; and determining the ratio of the second discharge energy to the first discharge energy as the energy conservation rate of each battery cell at the corresponding temperature of the battery cell.
Optionally, the testing module is further configured to divide the battery cells into different temperature intervals according to the number of the battery cells in the battery pack to be tested and a plurality of preset temperature intervals, and determine a corresponding relationship between the battery cells and the temperatures.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes: a processor, and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor;
the memory stores computer-executable instructions;
the processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer-executable instruction is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when a processor executes the computer-executable instruction, the method for testing the cycle life of a battery pack described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect is implemented.
In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for testing the cycle life of a battery pack described in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect is implemented.
Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for testing the cycle life of a battery pack, an electronic device and a storage medium, wherein battery parameters of a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures are obtained, the battery parameters comprise charge-discharge energy and internal resistance of the battery, and the temperatures corresponding to the battery monomers are not all the same; according to the battery parameters, a capacity decline model is built, and a capacity decline curve is fitted according to the capacity decline model; and determining the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested according to the capacity fading curve. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the battery parameters of the battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures are obtained, so that the obtained battery parameters of the battery monomers can accord with the application environment of the battery monomers. And according to the acquired battery parameters you and the capacity decline curve, the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested is determined, so that the accuracy of the determined cycle life of the battery pack to be tested is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a method for testing cycle life of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for testing cycle life of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a temperature curve of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for testing cycle life of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for testing cycle life of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present application.
With the foregoing drawings in mind, certain embodiments of the disclosure have been shown and described in more detail below. These drawings and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosed concepts in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the disclosure to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, wherein A and B can be singular or plural. In the description of the text of the present application, the character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to the scene of the life cycle test of the battery pack. At present, the following two methods are mainly used for testing the cycle life standard of the battery: the first is a life cycle method, that is, a common charging and discharging mode is adopted to perform charging and discharging cycle on the battery, the cycle number of the battery when the residual capacity of the battery reaches a certain percentage is recorded, and the cycle number is taken as the cycle life of the battery at the stage. For example, when the remaining battery capacity is 80% of the initial capacity, the number of cycles is 3000, that is, the cycle life when the remaining battery capacity is 80% is 3000. And secondly, a battery capacity extrapolation method, namely performing charge and discharge circulation on the battery in a common charge and discharge mode, obtaining a curve of the battery capacity along with the circulation times after certain data are accumulated, and extrapolating through curve fitting to obtain a curve of the change of the capacity along with the circulation times in the whole life cycle of the battery. However, neither of the above methods can accurately determine the cycle life of the battery.
At present, the capacity retention rate of a battery pack subjected to constant-current charge and discharge test within preset times and corresponding test times are recorded; matching a simulated capacity decline curve of the battery pack by using the capacity retention rate and the corresponding test times; calculating the frequency value of the corresponding failure threshold value in the simulated capacity decline curve according to the failure threshold value of the preset capacity retention rate of the battery pack; and determining the frequency value as the cycle life value of the battery pack for constant-current charge and discharge.
However, although the current method of matching the simulated capacity decay curve of the battery pack with the capacity retention rate and the corresponding test times can improve the accuracy of the determined battery cycle life in a certain procedure, the use environment and the test environment of the battery are different, which results in that the accuracy of the battery cycle life determined by the method in the prior art is low.
In order to solve the problem that the accuracy of the determined battery life is low due to the fact that the test environment is different from the actual use environment of the battery, the cycle life of the battery pack is influenced by the temperature uniformity in the battery pack, and therefore a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack can be at different temperatures to simulate the real environment of the battery monomers in the use process. The method comprises the steps of obtaining battery parameters of a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures, building a capacity decline model according to the battery parameters, fitting a capacity decline curve, and determining the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested according to the capacity decline curve, so that the accuracy of the determined cycle life of the battery pack is effectively improved.
Fig. 1 is an application scenario diagram of a method for testing cycle life of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application. According to the scheme shown in fig. 1, in a test platform built for a battery pack, a monitoring host is connected with a tester and the battery pack respectively, and the battery pack is connected with the tester through a power interface B + and a power interface B-of a high-voltage box. It will be appreciated that the test platform is in an incubator or hothouse to enable control of the temperature environment of the battery pack. In this test platform, can regulate and control the room temperature through temperature control equipment such as air conditioner to can be through humiture measuring equipment, for example, humiture record table detects indoor humiture. The embodiment of the application does not limit the regulation and control of the room temperature and the detection of the temperature and humidity. In an example, a power interface B + and a power interface B-reserved in a high-voltage box in the battery pack are connected with the tester through power wiring harnesses.
For example, the monitoring host can control the tester to perform charging and discharging tests on the battery pack. Before carrying out charge-discharge test to the group battery, can acquire the free temperature of each battery in the group battery through the monitoring host computer to can control the heating device of each battery monomer bottom, for example heat the board, heat the battery monomer, make each battery monomer be in under the different temperature, thereby simulate the real service environment of battery monomer. It can be understood that a plurality of battery cells may belong to the same battery module, that is, there are a plurality of battery modules in the battery pack, and when heating the battery cells, actually, the battery modules to which the plurality of battery cells belong are heated, so that the plurality of battery modules are at different temperatures. And the battery module is provided with a voltage and temperature acquisition device of each battery monomer, the voltage and the temperature of each battery monomer in each battery monomer can be acquired through the temperature acquisition device, the voltage and temperature data of each battery monomer are uploaded to a test host through a reserved communication interface, and the data are recorded in the test host.
In an example, when the test is performed, the control host controls the tester to perform charging and discharging for the battery pack for multiple times, and obtains battery parameters of a plurality of battery cells in the battery pack at different temperatures, including charging and discharging energy and internal resistance of the battery cells. And the testing host builds a capacity fading model according to the acquired battery parameters and fits a capacity fading curve, so that the cycle life of the battery pack is determined according to the capacity fading curve.
It is understood that the battery pack shown in fig. 1 includes a plurality of battery modules each including a plurality of battery cells therein.
Therefore, according to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the plurality of modules in the battery pack are at different temperatures, so that the testing environment of each battery in the battery pack is close to the actual use environment, and the accuracy of the determined cycle life of the battery pack is effectively improved.
Hereinafter, the method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack provided by the present application will be described in detail by specific examples. It is to be understood that the following detailed description may be combined with other embodiments, and that the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for testing cycle life of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack can be executed by software and/or hardware devices, for example, the hardware device can be a device for testing the cycle life of the battery pack, and the device for testing the cycle life of the battery pack can be a terminal or a processing chip in the terminal. For example, referring to fig. 2, the method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack may include:
s201, battery parameters of a plurality of battery monomers in a battery pack to be tested at different temperatures are obtained, wherein the battery parameters comprise charge-discharge energy and internal resistance of the battery, and the temperatures corresponding to the battery monomers are not all the same.
Illustratively, a battery pack to be tested comprises a plurality of battery modules, each battery module comprises a plurality of battery monomers, and when battery parameters of the plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures are obtained, a charging cut-off voltage and a discharging cut-off voltage corresponding to an initial DOD interval of the battery pack to be tested can be determined; controlling a tester to perform mixed power pulse characteristic test on a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer to obtain the internal resistance of each battery monomer at the corresponding temperature; and the control tester performs a plurality of charge and discharge tests on a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer according to the charge cut-off voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage to obtain the charge and discharge energy of each battery monomer at the corresponding temperature.
It can be understood that, in a Hybrid Pulse Power Characteristic (HPPC) test, 10-second discharge power and 10-second charge power of the battery pack are determined for each 10% remaining capacity SOC interval, so as to determine the dc internal resistance of the battery cell.
For example, the initial DOD interval of the battery pack to be tested is a current actual DOD interval of each battery cell in the battery pack to be tested, which may be 98%, 95%, or 100%. And the charge cut-off voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage of each battery cell in the battery pack to be tested can be determined according to the DOD interval of the battery pack to be tested.
For example, when a plurality of battery cells in the battery pack to be tested are subjected to a plurality of charge and discharge tests at temperatures corresponding to the respective battery cells, the battery cells in the battery pack to be tested may be charged at a constant power until a charge cut-off voltage of the battery cells is reached, and after the charging is stopped, the battery cells may be left to stand for a period of time, for example, 30 minutes, and then subjected to a discharge test. Since the voltage of the battery cell may rise when the battery cell ends the charge test, the voltage of the battery cell may reach a stable state by standing for a certain period of time. In addition, after the charging test is finished, the test host needs to record the charging energy of the battery cell. The charging energy of the battery cell may be obtained by the test host through the tester, or obtained by monitoring the charging process of the battery cell, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
For example, when the discharge test is performed on the battery cell, the discharge test may be performed by controlling the tester until the discharge voltage of the battery cell reaches the discharge cut-off voltage, and the discharge test is stopped. After the discharge test is finished, the test host needs to record the discharge energy of the battery cell. The discharge energy of the battery cell may be obtained by the test host through the tester, or obtained by monitoring the discharge process of the battery cell, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
It can be understood that after the discharge test of the battery cell is completed and the discharge energy is recorded, the battery cell can be subjected to the charge test, and before the charge test is performed, the battery cell needs to be kept static for a period of time, so that the voltage of the battery cell reaches a stable state. The process of the charging test is the same as the charging process, and after the charging test is finished, the discharging test is carried out, and the process of the discharging test is the same as the process of the discharging test. According to the method, a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested are subjected to cyclic charge and discharge tests, and the charge energy of each charge test and the discharge energy of each discharge test are recorded.
In the embodiments of the present application, the number of times of performing the charge and discharge test is not limited at all.
In the embodiment of the application, the internal resistance of the single battery at different temperatures is determined, and the single battery is subjected to charge and discharge tests to obtain the charge and discharge energy of each single battery at the corresponding temperature, so that the obtained charge and discharge energy better conforms to the actual application environment of the single battery, and the accuracy of the obtained charge and discharge energy is improved.
In an example, when a plurality of battery monomers in a battery pack to be tested are subjected to a plurality of charging and discharging tests at temperatures corresponding to the battery monomers, when the test times reach a first preset time, determining a current DOD (direction of arrival) interval of the battery pack to be tested; judging whether the current DOD interval is consistent with the last determined DOD interval; and if the current DOD interval is inconsistent with the last determined DOD interval, updating the charging cut-off voltage and the discharging cut-off voltage according to the current DOD interval. The first preset number may be 50 times or 100 times, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
For example, when the charge cut-off voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage are updated according to the current DOD interval, the charge cut-off voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage corresponding to the current DOD interval are determined as a new charge cut-off voltage and a new discharge cut-off voltage, the previous charge cut-off voltage is updated to the new charge cut-off voltage, and the previous discharge cut-off voltage is updated to the new discharge cut-off voltage.
In this application embodiment, reach the preset number of times at the test number of times, and the DOD interval of current group battery and the DOD interval inconsistent of last definite group battery, use the interval corresponding charge cut-off voltage of current DOD and discharge cut-off voltage and charge, fully considered the battery monomer and recycled the in-process, the DOD's of group battery change, all use the same DOD interval when avoiding many times of tests, thereby further promoted the degree of accuracy of definite charge energy and discharge energy, promoted the degree of accuracy of the cycle life of definite group battery promptly.
Illustratively, the battery parameters further include energy retention. Therefore, when battery parameters of a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures are obtained, when the test frequency reaches a second preset frequency, first discharge energy of each battery monomer in the test at the temperature corresponding to the battery monomer can be obtained; acquiring second discharge energy of each battery cell in a first test; and determining the ratio of the second discharge energy to the first discharge energy as the energy conservation rate of each battery cell at the corresponding temperature of the battery cell.
For example, the second preset number may be 20 times or 30 times, which may be specifically set according to an actual situation, and may be the same as or different from the first preset number, and the second preset number is not limited in this embodiment of the application. It can be understood that, assuming that the second preset number of times is 20, when the battery cells in each pair of battery packs are subjected to 20 charge and discharge tests, the first discharge energy of the 20 th charge and discharge test is obtained, the second discharge energy in the first test when the test is started is obtained, and the ratio of the second discharge energy to the first discharge energy is determined as the energy conservation rate at the temperature corresponding to the battery cells.
It can be understood that, by the method, the energy conservation rate of the battery cell each time the battery cell reaches the second preset number can be determined, so that the change of the energy conservation rate of the battery cell in the whole test process can be determined.
In the embodiment of the application, the energy conservation rate of the battery cell when the number of the test volume reaches the second preset number is obtained, so that the change of the energy conservation rate of the battery cell in the whole test process can be determined.
For example, in the process of testing charge and discharge of the battery cell, after each charge and discharge test is completed, the energy efficiency of each charge and discharge test of the battery cell may be calculated according to the obtained charge energy and discharge energy of the battery cell. Specifically, the ratio of the discharge energy to the charge energy may be determined as the energy efficiency of the battery cell. By determining the energy efficiency of the single battery, the change condition of the energy efficiency of the single battery in the whole test process can be determined, so that the cycle life of the single battery is further predicted.
S202, a capacity fading model is built according to the battery parameters, and a capacity fading curve is fitted according to the capacity fading model.
For example, when a capacity degradation model is built according to battery parameters, the capacity degradation model may be built through MATLAB, or the capacity degradation model may be built through other simulation software.
For example, the capacity fading curve may be a curve of discharge energy and cycle number of the battery cell in the whole testing process of the battery cell, may be a curve of internal resistance and cycle number of the battery cell, and may also be a curve of energy retention rate and cycle number. It can be understood that the capacity fading curve includes the capacity fading curves of all the battery cells in the battery pack, and the influence of the temperature on the battery cells can be visually shown according to the capacity fading curve, so that the determined capacity fading curve can conform to the actual application environment of the battery cells. It can be understood that, when the capacity fading curve is fitted according to the capacity fading model, the cycle number, the discharge energy of the battery cell, the energy retention rate of the battery cell, the internal resistance of the battery cell, and the like can be input into the capacity fading model, and the capacity fading curve of each battery cell is fitted through the fading model.
In one possible implementation, since the plurality of battery cells belonging to the same battery module are at the same temperature, the fitted capacity degradation curve may also be a capacity degradation curve of each battery module in the battery pack. For example, the charging energy of the battery module at each discharge test is the sum of the charging energies of the plurality of battery cells it includes, the discharging energy is the sum of the discharging energies of the plurality of battery cells it includes, and the internal resistance of the battery module is the sum of the internal resistances of all the battery cells it includes. Therefore, the energy retention rate and the energy efficiency of the battery module can be obtained according to the charging energy and the discharging energy of the battery module, thereby obtaining the capacity fade curve of the battery module.
It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are only illustrated by the above capacity fading curves, but do not represent that the embodiments of the present application are limited thereto.
And S203, determining the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested according to the capacity fading curve.
For example, when the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested is determined according to the capacity fading curve, the cycle number corresponding to the discharge energy of each battery module or battery cell in the battery pack to be tested when the discharge energy is reduced to the preset discharge energy may be determined in the capacity fading curve, and the cycle number is determined as the cycle number of the battery module or battery cell in the battery pack, that is, the cycle life. Or determining the corresponding cycle times when the internal resistance of the battery module or the battery cell reaches the preset internal resistance, and determining the cycle times as the cycle times of the battery module or the battery cell, namely the cycle life.
Therefore, according to the method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the application, the battery parameters of the plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures are obtained, wherein the battery parameters comprise the charge-discharge energy and the internal resistance of the battery, and the temperatures corresponding to the plurality of battery monomers are not all the same; according to the battery parameters, a capacity decline model is built, and a capacity decline curve is fitted according to the capacity decline model; and determining the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested according to the capacity fading curve. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can acquire the battery parameters of a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures, and determine the capacity decline curve according to the acquired battery parameters, so as to determine the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested, so that the determined battery parameters can accord with the capacity decline curve in different temperature application environments, the simulation environment of the battery monomers is ensured to be closer to the practical application environment of the battery monomers, and the accuracy of the cycle life of the determined battery pack to be tested is improved.
In another embodiment of the application, before battery parameters of a plurality of battery monomers in a battery pack to be tested at different temperatures are obtained, the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer can be determined according to the corresponding relationship between the battery monomers and the temperatures; according to the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer, the temperature regulation and control device is controlled to regulate and control the temperature of each battery monomer to the temperature corresponding to the battery monomer, and the plurality of battery monomers are placed on the temperature regulation and control device.
For example, the temperature control device may be a heating device, such as a heating plate, or may also be a cooling device, and each battery module in the battery pack to be tested corresponds to one temperature control device, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
In this application embodiment, regulate and control each free temperature of battery to its corresponding temperature through control temperature regulation and control device for the free temperature of battery is close practical application environment, thereby promotes the degree of accuracy of test.
In another embodiment of the application, the temperatures of the multiple battery cells can be determined, the battery cells can be divided into different temperature intervals according to the number of the battery cells in the battery pack to be tested and a plurality of preset temperature intervals, and the corresponding relationship between the battery cells and the temperatures can be determined.
For example, the battery modules may be divided according to the attribution of the battery cells. For example, 6 temperature intervals are preset, and the battery pack to be tested includes 12 battery modules. The first 6 battery modules can be sequentially divided into 6 temperature intervals according to the arrangement sequence of the battery modules, and then the last 6 battery modules are sequentially divided into 6 temperature intervals. The embodiments of the present application are described by way of example only, but do not represent that the embodiments of the present application are limited thereto.
It can be understood that the corresponding relationship between the battery cells in the battery module and the temperature may be that the battery cells correspond to any temperature in the temperature interval, that is, in the test process, the temperature of the battery cells is within the temperature interval, or correspond to any fixed temperature value in the temperature interval, that is, in the test process, the temperature of the battery cells is the fixed temperature value, or other hostile manners, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
For example, if the test is performed at a room temperature of 25 ℃, the heating plate may be used to maintain each battery module of the battery pack to be tested at a temperature of 30 ℃ to 45 ℃ so that the temperature of each battery module is closer to the actual temperature corresponding to the battery module during the use process.
In the embodiment of the application, the corresponding relation between the single battery and the temperature in the battery pack to be tested is determined, so that the single battery is controlled to be at different temperatures, the application environment of the single battery is simulated, the cyclic waiting life of the determined battery pack is closer to a real value, and the accuracy of the cyclic life of the determined battery pack is effectively improved.
In order to facilitate understanding of the method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack provided in the embodiment of the present application, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below by taking an example that the battery pack includes 12 battery modules, and each battery module includes 20 battery cells, where fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of the battery pack provided in the embodiment of the present application, and reference may be made to fig. 3 for an internal structure of the battery pack. According to fig. 3, the battery pack comprises two battery cabinets, namely cabinet 1 and cabinet 2, each battery cabinet contains 6 battery modules, the battery pack comprises 12 battery modules in total, and the battery modules are connected together in series. Each battery module comprises a slave control acquisition board for acquiring the voltage and the temperature of the battery module or the battery cells in the battery module. The dotted line in fig. 3 is a communication harness, and is used to transmit the voltage and temperature of each battery module or each battery cell in each battery module to the main control board, and then the voltage and temperature are transmitted to the test host by the main control board through the reserved CAN communication interface. The high-voltage box comprises a main control board which is mainly used for being connected with a tester through a power interface B + and a power interface B-, so that the battery pack is subjected to charge and discharge tests. The main control board is also used in the middle.
In the embodiment of the present application, when collecting the voltage and the temperature, the voltage and the temperature of each battery cell may be collected, and the embodiment of the present application is only described as an example, but does not represent that the embodiment of the present application is only limited thereto.
It is understood that, for example, the heating plate (not shown in fig. 3) is installed at the bottom of each battery module in the battery pack to make the respective battery modules at different temperatures, and the embodiment of the present application is only described by way of example, but not intended to limit the embodiment of the present application.
For example, each battery module in fig. 3 is composed of a plurality of battery cells, specifically, see fig. 4, and fig. 4 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. According to fig. 4, each battery module includes 20 battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells are connected in series. In fig. 4, each battery cell includes a temperature acquisition device (not shown in fig. 4), and a dotted line portion in fig. 4 acquires the temperature of each battery cell. The battery module in fig. 4 is connected with other battery modules through B-connectors and B + connectors.
For example, when the battery pack shown in fig. 3 and 4 is subjected to a cycle life test, a test platform needs to be built first. This test platform builds in incubator or greenhouse, regulates and control the room temperature through temperature adjusting device such as air conditioner to can detect and record this test platform's ambient humidity and temperature through humiture tester. After the test platform is built, a power wire harness is manufactured according to a power interface B + a power interface B-reserved in a high-voltage box in the battery pack, and the battery pack and the tester are connected through the power wire harness.
Furthermore, the heating plate is controlled by the control host machine at the bottom of the battery module to heat the battery module, so that the battery module is in a corresponding temperature interval. For example, as shown in fig. 5, the temperature intervals corresponding to the battery modules of the battery pack may be shown, and fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a temperature curve of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application. In fig. 5, M1-M12 respectively represent 12 power modules, and as shown in fig. 5, the temperatures of battery modules 1-6 and 7-12 in the battery are distributed in a stepwise manner, and the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the temperature interval shown in fig. 5 as an example, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
For example, before the test operation is performed, the DOD interval of the battery pack needs to be tested, so as to determine the charge cut-off voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage of each battery cell. In the embodiment of the present application, the DOD interval of the battery pack is 95%, and the voltage interval of the corresponding battery cell is 2.8V to 3.6V, that is, the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery cell is 2.6V, and the charge cut-off voltage is 3.6V.
Further, after the battery module is heated to the corresponding temperature and the charge cutoff voltage and the discharge cutoff voltage of the battery cell are determined, a test operation may be performed. As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for testing the cycle life of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method for testing the cycle life of the battery cell can comprise the following steps:
and S601, carrying out initialization charge and discharge operation on the battery cell.
For example, when the battery cell is initially charged and discharged, the battery cell may be left standing for 5 hours at room temperature, i.e., 25 ± 5 ℃, and then initially charged. When the initial charging operation is carried out, discharging at a constant power of 0.5P until the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery monomer is 2.8V, and standing for 30 minutes; and charging the battery cell to the charge cut-off voltage of 3.6 at the constant power of 0.5P, and standing for 30 minutes to finish the initial charging operation.
Further, performing initial discharge operation on the single battery, specifically, charging the single battery at a constant power of 0.5P until the charge cut-off voltage of the single battery is 3.6, and standing for 30 minutes; and discharging at constant power of 0.5P until the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery cell is 2.8V, and standing for 30 minutes to finish the initial discharge operation.
S601, carrying out charge-discharge cycle test on the single battery to obtain the battery parameters of the single battery.
For example, when the charge-discharge cycle operation is performed, the battery cell is charged with 0.3P-1P constant power until the battery cell reaches the charge cut-off voltage, the charge energy EC1 of the test is recorded according to the data of the electric energy meter, the battery cell is discharged with 0.5P constant power until the battery cell reaches the discharge cut-off voltage after the battery cell is left for 30 minutes, the discharge energy ED1 of the test is recorded according to the data of the electric energy meter, and the battery cell is left for 30 minutes. The above operations of charging and discharging were repeated, and the cycle was continued 500 times.
For example, during the cycle test, the first cycle and the charge energy, discharge energy, charge time, discharge time, end of charge and end of discharge voltage range of the cells at 20 cycles per cycle may be recorded. Calculating the charging energy and the discharging energy of the battery monomer at the end of each 20 cycles relative to the charging energy and the discharging energy at the end of the first cycle, and calculating the energy conservation rate and the corresponding energy efficiency of the discharging energy; and the average value of the voltage range of the single battery at the end of the cycle test can be calculated so as to evaluate the single battery.
In the example, in the cycle test process, after the 100 th cycle test, the 200 th cycle test, the 300 th cycle test and the 500 th cycle test are finished, the HPPC test may be performed respectively, whether the direct current internal resistance and the DOD interval of the battery cell and the charge cut-off voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage interval of the previous cycle test are consistent or not is calculated, and if the direct current internal resistance and the DOD interval of the battery cell and the charge cut-off voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage interval of the previous cycle test are not consistent, the new charge cut-off voltage and the new discharge cut-off voltage are used for performing the cycle test.
It is understood that, when the HPPC test is performed by using the amperometry, the HPPC test may be performed in an environment of 25 ℃ at room temperature, and the 10-second discharge power and the 10-second charge power of the primary battery pack are determined every 10% of the SOC, thereby determining the dc internal resistance of the battery cell.
After acquiring the battery parameters of the battery cells, the following step S603 may be performed:
s603, building a life attenuation model and constructing a capacity fading curve.
For example, when building a life decay model, key parameters of the battery cell may be extracted, including but not limited to: the battery pack comprises a charging and discharging energy, a charging energy conservation rate, a discharging energy conservation rate, energy efficiency, the temperature of each battery cell and direct current internal resistance. And (3) constructing a life decay model, namely a capacity decline model, by using MATLAB, and matching and simulating a capacity decline curve.
It is appreciated that the cycle life of the battery pack may be determined from the capacity fade curve.
To sum up, the technical scheme that this application embodiment provided considers the influence of temperature to battery life through setting up group battery cycle life test platform, designs the hot plate in each battery module, can realize the test of battery life decay under the different temperatures to can test battery life decay to temperature inhomogeneity, thereby promoted the degree of accuracy of group battery cycle life test.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a device 70 for testing the cycle life of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application, for example, please refer to fig. 7, where the device 70 for testing the cycle life of a battery pack may include:
the testing module 701 is configured to obtain battery parameters of a plurality of battery cells in a battery pack to be tested at different temperatures, where the battery parameters include charge-discharge energy and battery internal resistance, and temperatures corresponding to the plurality of battery cells are not all the same.
And the processing module 702 is configured to build a capacity fading model according to the battery parameters, and fit a capacity fading curve according to the capacity fading model.
The determining module 703 is configured to determine the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested according to the capacity fading curve.
Optionally, the testing module 701 is specifically configured to determine a charging cut-off voltage and a discharging cut-off voltage corresponding to an initial DOD interval of the battery pack to be tested; controlling a tester to perform HPPC (high power performance tester) test on a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer to obtain the internal resistance of each battery monomer at the corresponding temperature; and the control tester performs a plurality of charge and discharge tests on a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer according to the charge cut-off voltage and the discharge cut-off voltage to obtain the charge and discharge energy of each battery monomer at the corresponding temperature.
Optionally, the test module 701 is further configured to determine a temperature corresponding to each battery cell according to a corresponding relationship between the battery cells and the temperature; according to the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer, the temperature regulation and control device is controlled to regulate and control the temperature of each battery monomer to the temperature corresponding to the battery monomer, and the plurality of battery monomers are placed on the temperature regulation and control device.
Optionally, the testing module 701 is further configured to determine a current DOD interval of the battery pack to be tested when the number of testing times reaches a first preset number; judging whether the current DOD interval is consistent with the last determined DOD interval; and updating the charging cut-off voltage and the discharging cut-off voltage according to the current DOD interval when the current DOD interval is inconsistent with the last determined DOD interval.
Optionally, the battery parameters further include energy retention; the test module 701 is specifically configured to obtain first discharge energy of each battery cell at a temperature corresponding to the battery cell in the test when the test frequency reaches a second preset frequency; acquiring second discharge energy of each battery cell in a first test; and determining the ratio of the second discharge energy to the first discharge energy as the energy conservation rate of each battery cell at the corresponding temperature of the battery cell.
Optionally, the testing module is further configured to divide the battery cells into different temperature intervals according to the number of the battery cells in the battery pack to be tested and a plurality of preset temperature intervals, and determine a corresponding relationship between the battery cells and the temperatures.
The technical scheme of the method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the application can be implemented, the implementation principle and the beneficial effect of the method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the application are similar to those of the method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack, and the implementation principle and the beneficial effect of the method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack can be referred to, and are not repeated herein.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the electronic device 800 may include: at least one processor 801 and a memory 802.
The memory 802 stores programs. In particular, the program may include program code including computer operating instructions.
The processor 801 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 802 to implement the method for testing the cycle life of a battery pack as described in the foregoing method embodiments. The processor 801 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more Integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present Application. Specifically, when the method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack described in the foregoing method embodiment is implemented, the electronic device may be, for example, an electronic device having a processing function, such as a terminal or a server.
Optionally, the electronic device 800 may also include a communication interface 803. In a specific implementation, if the communication interface 803, the memory 802 and the processor 801 are implemented independently, the communication interface 803, the memory 802 and the processor 801 may be connected to each other through a bus and perform communication with each other. The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended ISA (EISA) bus, or the like. Buses may be classified as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc., but do not represent only one bus or type of bus.
Alternatively, in a specific implementation, if the communication interface 803, the memory 802 and the processor 801 are integrated into a chip, the communication interface 803, the memory 802 and the processor 801 may complete communication through an internal interface.
The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may include: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and in particular, the computer-readable storage medium stores program instructions, and the program instructions are used in the method in the foregoing embodiments.
The present application also provides a program product comprising execution instructions stored in a readable storage medium. The at least one processor of the electronic device may read the execution instructions from the readable storage medium, and the execution of the execution instructions by the at least one processor causes the electronic device to implement the method for testing the cycle life of the battery pack provided by the various embodiments described above.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for testing the cycle life of a battery pack, comprising:
the method comprises the steps that battery parameters of a plurality of battery monomers in a battery pack to be tested at different temperatures are obtained, wherein the battery parameters comprise charge-discharge energy and battery internal resistance, and the temperatures corresponding to the battery monomers are not all the same;
according to the battery parameters, a capacity decline model is built, and a capacity decline curve is fitted according to the capacity decline model;
and determining the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested according to the capacity fading curve.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining battery parameters of the plurality of battery cells in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures comprises:
determining a charging cut-off voltage and a discharging cut-off voltage corresponding to an initial DOD interval of the battery pack to be tested;
controlling a tester to perform mixed power pulse characteristic test on a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer to obtain the internal resistance of each battery monomer at the corresponding temperature;
and controlling a tester to perform a plurality of charging and discharging tests on a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer according to the charging cut-off voltage and the discharging cut-off voltage to obtain the charging and discharging energy of each battery monomer at the corresponding temperature.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein before obtaining battery parameters of a plurality of battery cells in a battery pack to be tested at different temperatures, the method further comprises:
determining the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer according to the corresponding relation between the battery monomers and the temperature;
and controlling a temperature regulation device to regulate the temperature of each battery monomer to the temperature corresponding to the battery monomer according to the temperature corresponding to each battery monomer, wherein the plurality of battery monomers are placed on the temperature regulation device.
4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
determining the current DOD interval of the battery pack to be tested when the testing times reach a first preset time;
judging whether the current DOD interval is consistent with the last determined DOD interval;
and if the current DOD interval is inconsistent with the last determined DOD interval, updating the charging cut-off voltage and the discharging cut-off voltage according to the current DOD interval.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the battery parameters further comprise an energy retention rate;
the acquiring of the battery parameters of the plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures comprises the following steps:
when the test times reach a second preset time, acquiring first discharge energy of each battery monomer in the test at the temperature corresponding to the battery monomer;
acquiring second discharge energy of each battery cell in a first test;
and determining the ratio of the second discharge energy to the first discharge energy as the energy conservation rate of each battery cell at the corresponding temperature of the battery cell.
6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:
dividing the single batteries into different temperature intervals according to the number of the single batteries in the battery pack to be tested and a plurality of preset temperature intervals, and determining the corresponding relation between the single batteries and the temperature.
7. A battery pack cycle life testing apparatus, comprising:
the testing module is used for obtaining battery parameters of a plurality of battery monomers in the battery pack to be tested at different temperatures, wherein the battery parameters comprise charge-discharge energy and battery internal resistance, and the temperatures corresponding to the battery monomers are not all the same;
the processing module is used for building a capacity decline model according to the battery parameters and fitting a capacity decline curve according to the capacity decline model;
and the determining module is used for determining the cycle life of the battery pack to be tested according to the capacity fading curve.
8. An electronic device, comprising: a processor, and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor;
the memory stores computer-executable instructions;
the processor executes computer-executable instructions stored by the memory to implement the method of any of claims 1-6.
9. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, perform the method of any one of claims 1-6.
10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method of any one of the preceding claims 1-6.
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