CN114325077A - Data emission and acquisition system based on characteristic current - Google Patents
Data emission and acquisition system based on characteristic current Download PDFInfo
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- CN114325077A CN114325077A CN202111628677.6A CN202111628677A CN114325077A CN 114325077 A CN114325077 A CN 114325077A CN 202111628677 A CN202111628677 A CN 202111628677A CN 114325077 A CN114325077 A CN 114325077A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a data emission and acquisition system based on characteristic current, which comprises: the device comprises a power supply module, a characteristic current transmitting module, a signal processing module and an MCU chip module; the power supply module is used for supplying power to the characteristic current transmitting module and the MCU chip module; the characteristic current transmitting module is used for receiving the control signal sent by the power supply module and generating certain characteristic current; the signal processing module is used for acquiring a current signal and converting the current signal into a square wave with the frequency consistent with the characteristic current frequency; and the MCU chip module is used for acquiring the square wave signal converted by the signal processing module and finishing the frequency acquisition of the characteristic current of the branch. The invention relates to a data transmitting and collecting system based on characteristic current, which is characterized in that a square wave signal with the frequency consistent with the frequency of the characteristic current in commercial power is obtained by using an MCU chip module; and the data represented by the frequency through the existence and nonexistence of the characteristic current is extracted, so that the frequency acquisition of the characteristic current of the branch circuit is completed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of characteristic currents, in particular to a data transmitting and collecting system based on the characteristic currents.
Background
Under the large background of key construction of an energy internet and a smart power grid, the information acquisition and processing capacity of a power enterprise is improved, power grid management is promoted, interaction among information is promoted, and the trend of future power grid construction is reached. The low-voltage power distribution and utilization link is an extremely important link of a power grid and a relatively weak link of a power company at present, and one of the main problems in the low-voltage power distribution and utilization link is accurate identification of a user variable relationship.
The accuracy of the identification of the household variable relationship is very important in the whole power marketing business, which is not only the basis of the power distribution service of each transformer area, but also the basis of planning the power distribution scheme and calculating the line loss of the transformer area, and is also an important reference for optimizing the power quality of the transformer area. In reality, due to frequent changes (such as capacity increase, distribution, cutover, migration and the like) caused by the construction and development of the distribution network, the number of the electrical loads is increased, the load positions are changed and the like, the household-to-household relationship of the electrical load station is changed, and the problems that the household-to-household pair is not changed and the like are caused. In addition, due to the limitation of conditions such as circuit crossing and buried circuit, the membership corresponding relation between the electric load meter and the transformer is difficult to update in time, and the accuracy of basic data of a power supply company is directly influenced.
The main function of the topology identification of the low-voltage distribution transformer area is to determine the power supply attribution relationship between the power load in each transformer area and the power supply transformer of the transformer area, namely to solve the problem of identification of the transformer area user transformation relationship. At present, the power base layer mainly uses manpower for identifying the user variable relationship, an instant power cut method is adopted for checking, the requirements on the quality of a meter, the power cut and transmission interval, field user service and the like are high, meanwhile, the method has a large influence on the power supply quality, and the risks of user complaints and damage to household appliances of users exist. The above problems can be well solved by a method for realizing topology identification through a characteristic current transmitting circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a data transmitting and collecting system based on characteristic current, which has the following specific technical scheme:
a characteristic current-based data emission acquisition system, the data emission acquisition system comprising: the device comprises a power supply module, a characteristic current transmitting module, a signal processing module and an MCU chip module;
the power supply module is used for supplying power to the characteristic current transmitting module and the MCU chip module;
the characteristic current transmitting module is used for receiving the control signal sent by the power supply module and generating certain characteristic current;
the signal processing module is used for acquiring a current signal and converting the current signal into a square wave with the frequency consistent with the characteristic current frequency;
and the MCU chip module is used for acquiring the square wave signal converted by the signal processing module and finishing the frequency acquisition of the characteristic current of the branch.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the power supply module includes a switching power supply conversion circuit, a dc conversion circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit;
the switching power supply conversion circuit is used for converting input AC220V into DC +/-12V and providing dual power supplies for the operational amplifier circuit to ensure the waveform quality;
the direct current conversion circuit is used for converting DC12V into DC 5V;
therefore, the voltage stabilizing circuit is used for converting DC5V into DC3.3V for the MCU chip module to use.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the data transmitting and collecting system further comprises an RS232 circuit used for communication between the MCU chip module and the power supply module.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the signal processing module includes a current transformer, a differential amplification circuit, a rectification circuit, a filter circuit, and a shaping circuit;
the current transformer is used for inducing a certain current signal and converting the current signal into a corresponding voltage signal through the sampling resistor;
the differential amplification circuit is used for amplifying the voltage collected from the current transformer;
the rectification circuit is used for rectifying an alternating sine wave signal into a pulsating direct current signal;
the filter circuit is used for filtering 50Hz power frequency and other interference frequencies and outputting a pulse signal only containing characteristic current frequency;
and the shaping circuit is used for shaping the pulse signal output by the filter circuit and then outputting the pulse signal to the MCU chip module.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the differential amplification circuit includes a high-precision unity gain differential amplifier.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the rectifying circuit is a diode-free precise rectifying circuit.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the filter circuit is a second-order high-pass filter circuit and comprises an operational amplifier chip for filtering, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R10.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the shaping circuit includes a schmitt trigger.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the characteristic current emitting module includes a characteristic current emitting circuit, and the characteristic current emitting circuit provides a PWM signal by the MCU chip module, and includes a MOS transistor Q2, a resistor R7, a rectifier bridge U17, a triode Q1, and a photocoupler U18.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention relates to a data transmitting and collecting system based on characteristic current, which is characterized in that a square wave signal with the frequency consistent with the characteristic current in commercial power after passing through an information processing module is obtained by using an MCU chip module; and the frequency is obtained, and the represented data is separated out through the existence and the nonexistence of the characteristic current, so that the frequency acquisition of the characteristic current of the branch circuit is completed; the mode that the existing power base layer is mainly manually identified for identifying the household variable relation is improved, and human resources are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a characteristic current-based data transmission and acquisition system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an information processing module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a switching power supply according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a DC converter circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a voltage regulator circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a differential amplifier circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a rectifier circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a filter circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a shaping circuit according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a characteristic current transmitting circuit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the data emission and acquisition system based on characteristic current of the present invention includes: the device comprises a power supply module, a characteristic current transmitting module, a signal processing module and an MCU chip module; the MCU chip module is an STM32F1 series low-power chip, the highest main frequency is 72MHz working frequency, the kernel is ARM Cortex-M3, and the flash is a flash program memory of 64 Kbytes; the power supply module supplies power to the characteristic current transmitting module and the MCU chip module, and when receiving a topology identification instruction sent by the master station, the power supply module sends control signals to the characteristic current transmitting module and the MCU chip module; the characteristic current transmitting module generates certain characteristic current after receiving the control signal sent by the power supply module; the signal processing module collects current signals and converts the current signals into square waves with the frequency consistent with the characteristic current; the MCU chip module can acquire the square wave signals converted by the signal processing module, and the represented data is resolved out through the existence and nonexistence of the characteristic current, so that the frequency acquisition of the characteristic current of the branch circuit is completed.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the input voltage of the system of the invention is AC220V, and the power supply module includes a switching power supply conversion circuit, a dc conversion circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit. AC220V is converted into DC +/-12V through a switching power supply conversion circuit, dual power supplies are provided for an operational amplifier circuit to guarantee the waveform quality, then DC12V is converted into DC5V through a direct current conversion circuit, and DC5V is converted into DC3.3V through a voltage stabilizing circuit to be used by an MCU part.
The MCU chip module utilizes the external capture function thereof to capture the acquired signals at a fixed time frequency, and calculates whether the verification frequency is the frequency value of the characteristic current, so as to judge whether the characteristic current is received, and if the verification frequency is the frequency of the characteristic current, the ID number of the transmitting terminal represented by the characteristic current is further judged and analyzed.
The data transmitting and collecting system further comprises an RS232 circuit, wherein the RS232 circuit is a communication interface between the MCU chip module and an external device and is used for communication between the MCU chip module and the power supply module.
As shown in fig. 2, the signal processing module includes a current transformer, a differential amplification circuit, a rectification circuit, a filter circuit, and a shaping circuit; the current transformer is used for inducing a certain current signal and converting the certain current signal into a corresponding voltage signal through the sampling resistor; because the voltage collected from the current transformer is too weak, the collected voltage needs to be amplified for further rectification and filtering; the differential amplification circuit is used for amplifying the voltage collected from the current transformer; the rectification circuit is used for rectifying an alternating sine wave signal into a pulsating direct current signal; the filter circuit is used for filtering 50Hz power frequency and other interference frequencies and outputting a pulse signal only containing characteristic current frequency; and the shaping circuit is used for shaping the pulse signal output by the filter circuit and then outputting the pulse signal to the MCU chip module.
As shown in fig. 6, the differential amplifier circuit uses a high-precision unity gain differential amplifier, has a very high input common mode voltage range, and is a single monolithic device including a high-precision operational amplifier and an integrated thin film resistor network. When the common-mode signal voltage is up to +/-275V, the small differential voltage can be accurately measured, and the input is protected by the instantaneous common-mode voltage of up to 500V and a differential load. SOIC-8 packaging is adopted, the working temperature range is-40 ℃ to +125 ℃, the common mode voltage range is +/-275V, the AC bandwidth is 500kHz, the wide power supply voltage range is +/-2.0V to +/-18V, the maximum quiescent current is 900 muA, and the output swing of a +/-15V power supply is +/-13.5V.
As shown in fig. 7, the rectifier circuit uses a precision rectifier circuit without diodes, which avoids the voltage drop loss when the voltage passes through the diodes, and includes an operational amplifier chip for rectification and a plurality of resistors. When the input voltage Ui is larger than 0, the output voltage Uo of the circuit is equal to the input voltage Ui, and when the input voltage Ui is smaller than 0, the output voltage Uo is equal to-Ui, so that an alternating-current sine wave signal is rectified into a pulsating direct-current signal after passing through the circuit.
As shown in fig. 8, the filter circuit uses a second-order high-pass filter circuit, which can filter waveforms with frequencies below 500MHz, and includes an operational amplifier chip for filtering, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R10, and by adjusting values of the capacitors C1 and C2 and the resistors R1 and R10, the filtering of waveforms with different frequencies can be controlled. The pulsating direct current signal output by the rectification circuit is filtered by the circuit, a 50Hz power frequency signal is filtered, and the output signal is a pulse signal with the frequency consistent with the characteristic current frequency.
As shown in fig. 9, the shaping circuit uses a schmitt trigger as a shaper, the filtered signal cannot be directly sent to the MCU for processing, and the shaping circuit is only required to shape the signal, the schmitt trigger is a high-speed CMOS device compatible with the pin of the TTL device, the logic function is a schmitt trigger inverter, and the schmitt trigger inverter has low power consumption, high speed, and a working voltage interval of 2.0V to 6.0V.
As shown in fig. 10, the characteristic current emitting module includes a characteristic current emitting circuit, the characteristic current emitting circuit provides a PWM signal by the MCU chip module, the signal frequency is the frequency of the characteristic current, and the characteristic current emitting circuit includes a MOS transistor Q2, a resistor R7, a rectifier bridge U17, a triode Q1, and a photocoupler U18. The strong current and the weak current are electrically isolated through an optical coupler, the strong current generates characteristic current with certain amplitude and frequency through R7 and Q2, and meanwhile, a power supply required by a driving circuit is provided for the triode Q1 and the MOS transistor Q2. Wherein U17 is a rectifier bridge, Q1, Q2 and U18 are all high voltage resistant devices, Q2 generates a switching signal with fixed frequency under the control of PWM signal, thereby generating characteristic current signal with the same frequency in the mains supply branch, and the frequency can be changed by the PWM signal of MCU
The invention relates to a data transmitting and collecting system based on characteristic current, which has the following specific regulation principle:
the invention relates to a data transmitting and collecting system based on characteristic current, which is mainly used for transmitting the characteristic current with fixed frequency to a power transmission line in power distribution and transmitting certain data represented by the existence and nonexistence of the characteristic current. The whole collection process is as follows: after the characteristic current is emitted by the characteristic current emitting end, a current transformer at the collecting end can induce a certain current signal and convert the certain current signal into a corresponding voltage signal through a sampling resistor, a differential amplifying circuit collects and amplifies weak voltage signals at two ends of the sampling resistor, the collected and amplified signals are sent to a next-stage rectifying circuit, the rectifying circuit can rectify an alternating sine wave signal into an alternating pulse signal, namely, the waveform of a negative half cycle is inverted to a positive half shaft, so that a pulse waveform which is positioned at the positive half cycle is obtained, the rectified waveform is sent to a next-stage filtering circuit, the filtering circuit can filter 50Hz power frequency and other interference frequencies, a pulse signal only containing characteristic current frequency is output, the pulse signal is sent to a next-stage shaping circuit for shaping, the output square wave is the square wave consistent with the characteristic current frequency, and the square wave can be obtained and calculated by an MCU chip module, and the data represented by the characteristic current is resolved according to the existence and nonexistence of the characteristic current, so that the frequency acquisition of the characteristic current of the branch circuit is completed.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A data emission collection system based on characteristic current is characterized in that: the data emission and acquisition system comprises: the device comprises a power supply module, a characteristic current transmitting module, a signal processing module and an MCU chip module;
the power supply module is used for supplying power to the characteristic current transmitting module and the MCU chip module;
the characteristic current transmitting module is used for receiving the control signal sent by the power supply module and generating certain characteristic current;
the signal processing module is used for acquiring a current signal and converting the current signal into a square wave with the frequency consistent with the characteristic current frequency;
and the MCU chip module is used for acquiring the square wave signal converted by the signal processing module and finishing the frequency acquisition of the characteristic current of the branch.
2. The characteristic current-based data transmission and acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power supply module comprises a switching power supply conversion circuit, a direct current conversion circuit and a voltage stabilizing circuit;
the switching power supply conversion circuit is used for converting input AC220V into DC +/-12V and providing dual power supplies for the operational amplifier circuit to ensure the waveform quality;
the direct current conversion circuit is used for converting DC12V into DC 5V;
therefore, the voltage stabilizing circuit is used for converting DC5V into DC3.3V for the MCU chip module to use.
3. The characteristic current-based data transmission and acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the data transmitting and collecting system also comprises an RS232 circuit which is used for the communication between the MCU chip module and the power supply module.
4. The characteristic current-based data transmission and acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the signal processing module comprises a current transformer, a differential amplification circuit, a rectifying circuit, a filter circuit and a shaping circuit;
the current transformer is used for inducing a certain current signal and converting the current signal into a corresponding voltage signal through the sampling resistor;
the differential amplification circuit is used for amplifying the voltage collected from the current transformer;
the rectification circuit is used for rectifying an alternating sine wave signal into a pulsating direct current signal;
the filter circuit is used for filtering 50Hz power frequency and other interference frequencies and outputting a pulse signal only containing characteristic current frequency;
and the shaping circuit is used for shaping the pulse signal output by the filter circuit and then outputting the pulse signal to the MCU chip module.
5. The characteristic current-based data transmission and acquisition system as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the differential amplification circuit comprises a high-precision unity gain differential amplifier.
6. The characteristic current-based data transmission and acquisition system as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the rectifying circuit is a diode-free precise rectifying circuit.
7. The characteristic current-based data transmission and acquisition system as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the filter circuit is a second-order high-pass filter circuit and comprises an operational amplifier chip for filtering, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a resistor R1 and a resistor R10.
8. The characteristic current-based data transmission and acquisition system as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the shaping circuit includes a schmitt trigger.
9. The characteristic current-based data transmission and acquisition system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the characteristic current transmitting module comprises a characteristic current transmitting circuit, the characteristic current transmitting circuit provides PWM signals through the MCU chip module, and the characteristic current transmitting circuit comprises an MOS tube Q2, a resistor R7, a rectifier bridge U17, a triode Q1 and a photoelectric coupler U18.
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| CN202111628677.6A CN114325077A (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2021-12-28 | Data emission and acquisition system based on characteristic current |
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2021
- 2021-12-28 CN CN202111628677.6A patent/CN114325077A/en active Pending
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| US6137287A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 2000-10-24 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Physical parameter sensor having a self-testing circuit which recognizes an abnormal sensor state |
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