CN114324483B - Method for measuring rock damage degree under blasting disturbance - Google Patents
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a principle of rock damage degree change in a rock mass according to the conductivity change condition of the rock mass in a certain area before and after the blasting disturbance, and provides a method for measuring the rock damage degree under the blasting disturbance, which comprises the following specific steps: drilling a rock test piece, measuring the conductivity of the rock test piece before the blasting disturbance action and measuring the conductivity of the rock test piece after the blasting disturbance action, establishing the relation between the rock damage degree and the conductivity, the loading quantity and the distance between the sampling point and the explosion center position, and analyzing according to test data. The invention has the advantages that: as a new nondestructive testing means for rock damage degree under blasting disturbance, the damage condition of the rock under different blasting disturbance actions can be judged according to the result while the testing means are enriched, so that the purpose of optimizing blasting parameters is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine blasting and rock mechanics, and particularly relates to a method for measuring rock damage degree under blasting disturbance.
Background
In blasting engineering, damage to rock media has a non-negligible impact on the blasting effect. Because the existence of rock damage can change the established propagation mode of blasting seismic waves so as to influence the final blasting effect, the rock damage change under the action of blasting disturbance is measured, so that the understanding of people on the dynamic mechanical properties of rock materials can be improved, and references can be provided for blasting parameter optimization. Ding Weihua and the like propose the concept of density injury increment for the first time according to the CT scanning physical principle, and describe the whole process of rock injury and damage by observing the rock injury increment. Tang Chunan based on the principle of statistical microscopic damage mechanics, a hypothesis is presented that acoustic emissions are consistent with rock damage. The early Young's modulus was discussed and the conditions of use were modified, and the four-order damage tensor was used to represent the damage variable for the change in elastic modulus.
The current search for new rock damage characterization quantities for rock damage change determination is still a focus of research in the industry. The nondestructive detection is carried out by taking the longitudinal wave velocity of the rock as a measurement standard and adopting more expensive nuclear magnetic resonance, CT and other means. Since rock deformation and damage is a damage evolution process, the rock damage increment generated in the blasting process is closely related to the physical property of the rock, and on the basis of the common knowledge, a novel nondestructive detection means for rock damage change is searched, so that the detection modes of rock damage can be enriched, and blasting parameter optimization can be guided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring rock damage degree under blasting disturbance, which establishes the relationship between rock damage increment delta and change of conductivity before and after blasting, loading Q and distance r between a sampling point and an equivalent explosion center position by detecting rock damage increment conditions before and after blasting actions of different blasting doses, and analyzes according to test data, thereby achieving the purpose of guiding and optimizing blasting design.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a method for measuring rock damage degree under blasting disturbance, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, drilling a plurality of rock test pieces in a target rock mass area according to equidistant increment L, drilling the rock test pieces with the sampling depth of 0.5-1m in a rock stratum, drilling the rock test pieces with the diameter of 50mm and the height of 100mm, recording the distance r between a sampling point and an equivalent explosion center position, and marking the rock test pieces;
step 2, immersing the rock test piece in 10% concentration saline water for vacuum saturation for 2-3h, and detecting the initial conductivity V of the rock test piece by using a conductivity meter 1 ，10 -3 s/m；
Step 3, placing the rock test pieces with the conductivity measured in a glass open container respectively, putting the rock test pieces into a constant-temperature blast drying oven for drying for 8 hours, taking out the rock test pieces after drying, and placing the rock test pieces in a cool and ventilated place for cooling for 3-6 hours to normal temperature;
step 4, placing the rock test piece back to the original sampling position according to the corresponding mark, and performing cementing treatment by using gypsum; acquiring explosive loading Q data according to the field blasting design, and filling explosive at the position of a blast hole in a blasting operation area;
step 5, performing field blasting;
step 6, taking out all the rock test pieces placed in the step 4 according to the mark positions, repeating the step 2, and measuring the conductivity V of the rock test pieces subjected to blasting disturbance 2 ；
And 7, carrying out data analysis by combining the acquired data, and establishing a relational expression (1) between the rock damage increment delta before and after blasting disturbance action and the change of conductivity before and after blasting, the drug loading Q and the distance r between the sampling point and the equivalent explosion center position, wherein the relational expression (1) is as follows:
wherein, C is a correction coefficient related to rock wave impedance, and the value range is 0.01-1; q is the explosive amount Kg; k is an adjustment parameter related to the performance of the explosive, and the value range is 1-2.82; and r is the distance m between the sampling point of the rock test piece and the equivalent explosion center position.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the method for measuring the rock damage degree under the blasting disturbance has the advantages of strong universality and simple implementation, and the relation between the blasting energy and the propagation distance is fully considered in the rock test piece sampling, so that accurate data can be provided for the subsequent analysis of the change condition of the rock material conductivity physical property under the blasting disturbance effect.
2. The rock test piece after the test is replaced in situ, is closer to the actual damage condition of the rock mass, ensures the accuracy and reliability of the test result, and has the implementation cost far lower than that of nondestructive testing means such as nuclear magnetic resonance, CT and the like.
3. And establishing a relational expression between the rock damage increment delta before and after the blasting disturbance action and the change of conductivity before and after blasting, the loading quantity Q and the distance r between the sampling point and the equivalent explosion center position, and analyzing according to test data, guiding and optimizing the blasting design so as to reduce the blasting cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an in-situ implementation of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention
The labels in fig. 1 are: 1. blasting an operation area; 2. equivalent explosion center positions of explosion operation areas; 3. a blast hole; 4. rock test piece sampling point.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method for measuring the rock damage degree under blasting disturbance of the present invention is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, drilling three rock test pieces in a target rock mass area according to equidistant increment L, respectively recording the distance r between each rock test piece sampling point 4 and an equivalent explosion position 2, wherein the sampling depth is 0.5-1m in a rock stratum, the diameter of the rock test pieces is 50mm, the height of the rock test pieces is 100mm, and marking the rock test pieces; the surface of the rock test piece is smaller than the crack width of 0.5mm and smaller than the crack depth of 2mm, and the rock test piece does not need to be drilled again.
Step 2, immersing the rock test piece in 10% concentration saline water for vacuum saturation for 2-3h, and detecting the initial conductivity V of the rock test piece by using a conductivity meter 1 ，10 -3 s/m。
Step 3, placing the rock test pieces with the conductivity measured into glass open containers respectively, and then placing the rock test pieces into a constant-temperature blast drying oven for drying for 8 hours; and (5) taking out the test piece after drying, and placing the test piece at a shady and cool ventilation place for 3-6h to normal temperature.
Step 4, placing the rock test piece back to the original sampling position according to the corresponding mark, and performing cementing treatment by using gypsum; and then obtaining the explosive loading quantity Q according to the field blasting design, and filling explosive at the position of the blast hole 3 in the blasting operation area 1.
And 5, performing field blasting.
Step 6, taking out all the rock test pieces placed in the step 4 according to the mark positions, repeating the step 2, and measuring the conductivity V of the rock test pieces subjected to blasting disturbance 2 。
Step 7, carrying out data analysis by combining the acquired data, and establishing a relational expression between the rock damage increment delta before and after blasting disturbance action and the change of conductivity before and after blasting, the drug loading Q and the distance r between the sampling point 4 and the equivalent explosion center position 2:
wherein, C is a correction coefficient related to rock wave impedance; q is the blasting explosive quantity (Kg); k is an adjustment parameter related to the explosive performance, and r is the distance (m) from the equivalent explosion center position 2 of the rock test piece sampling point 4.
After the rock test piece is immersed in saline water with a certain concentration for saturation absorption, the conductivity of the rock test piece and the rock damage degree form a certain change rule, so that the damage change condition of the rock can be represented by the method.
When the value range of the correction coefficient C related to the rock wave impedance is 0.01-1, selecting a numerical value according to the characteristics of the rock in the field in a reference range, and further improving the calculation accuracy.
When the value range of the adjustment parameters related to the explosive performance is 1-2.82, reasonable parameters are selected in a reference range according to the type performance of the explosive used in actual blasting operation, so that the calculation result represents the damage condition of the rock more accurately.
The following examples give detailed embodiments and specific procedures, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the examples described below. The methods used in the examples described below are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Step 1, a certain granite to be tested is drilled into three rock test pieces at 200m, 210m and 220m positions which are equidistant and increased by 10m from a blasting operation area, wherein the sampling depth is 0.5m in a rock stratum, the rock test pieces with the diameter of 50mm and the height of 100mm are drilled, the macroscopic crack width of the test pieces is 0.5mm, and the crack depth is 1mm. Sequentially marking the drilled rock test pieces, and recording sampling positions;
step 2, immersing the drilled rock test piece in 10% concentration saline water for vacuum saturation for 2-3h, and detecting the initial conductivity V of the rock test piece by using an HZS-802 conductivity meter 1 Specific conductivities are shown in the following table:
table 1: conductivity V of test piece 1
Step 3, placing the rock test pieces with the conductivity measured into glass open containers respectively, then placing the rock test pieces into a constant-temperature blast drying oven for drying for 8 hours, taking out the test pieces after drying, and placing the test pieces at a cool and ventilated place for 3-6 hours to normal temperature;
and 4, placing the rock test piece back to the original sampling position, namely 200-1 back to the sampling point at 200m, 210-1 back to the sampling point at 210m, 220-1 back to the sampling point at 220m according to the corresponding mark, and performing cementing treatment by using gypsum. Acquiring the loading Q of 20000Kg according to the field blasting design
Step 5, blasting operation is implemented;
step 6, taking out all the rock test pieces placed in the step 4 according to the positions of the marks again, repeating the step 2, and measuring the conductivity V after being disturbed by blasting 2 Specific conductivities are shown in the following table:
table 2: conductivity V of test piece 2
Step 7, combining the acquired data, and according to the relation between the rock damage increment delta before and after blasting disturbance action and the change of conductivity before and after blasting, the drug loading Q and the distance r between the sampling point and the equivalent explosion center position:
wherein the rock test piece is granite, C is a correction coefficient related to rock wave impedance, and 0.025 is taken; q is the explosive with the explosive quantity of 20000Kg for blasting, k is the adjustment parameter related to the explosive property, 1.2 is taken, r is the distance from the sampling point 4 of the rock test piece to the equivalent explosion center position 2, and the distances are respectively 200m, 210m and 220m;
the final test piece 200-1 is the vibration damage variation delta= 0.0411;
the final test piece 210-1 is the vibration damage variation Δ= 0.0277;
the final test piece 220-1 is the vibration damage variation delta=0.0154;
therefore, the measured damage variation of the rock mass in the 200-220m area outside the explosion area is 1.54% -4.11% under the action of the current explosion disturbance.
Example 2
Step 1, drilling rock test pieces at 300m, 305m, 310m and 315m positions which are equidistant increment of 5m from a blasting operation area 300m, wherein the sampling depth is 0.8m in the rock stratum, drilling rock test pieces with the diameter of 50mm and the height of 100mm, the macroscopic crack width of the test pieces is 0.4mm, and the crack depth is 1.8mm. Sequentially marking the drilled rock test pieces, and recording sampling positions;
step 2, immersing the drilled rock test piece in 10% concentration saline water for vacuum saturation for 2-3h, and detecting the initial conductivity V of the rock test piece by using an HZS-802 conductivity meter 1 Specific conductivities are shown in the following table:
table 3: conductivity V of test piece 1
And 3, respectively placing the rock test pieces with the conductivity measured into a glass open container, and then placing the rock test pieces into a constant-temperature blast drying oven for drying for 8 hours. Taking out the test piece after drying, and placing the test piece at a shady and cool ventilation place for 3-6h to normal temperature;
and 4, replacing the rock test piece with the corresponding mark to the original sampling position, namely replacing 300-1 with the 300m sampling point, replacing 305-1 with the 305m sampling point, replacing 310-1 with the 310m sampling point, replacing 315-1 with the 315m sampling point, and performing cementing treatment on the sampling point by using gypsum. The explosive loading Q is 15000Kg according to the field blasting design
Step 5, blasting operation is implemented;
step 6, taking out all the rock test pieces placed in the step 4 according to the positions of the marks again, repeating the step 2, and measuring the conductivity V after being disturbed by blasting 2 Specific conductivities are shown in the following table:
table 4: conductivity V of test piece 2
Step 7, combining the acquired data, and according to the relation between the rock damage increment delta before and after blasting disturbance action and the change of conductivity before and after blasting, the drug loading Q and the distance r between the sampling point and the equivalent explosion center position:
wherein the rock test piece is sandstone, C is a correction coefficient related to rock wave impedance, and 0.807 is taken; q is the explosive quantity of 15000Kg of oil explosive for blasting, k is an adjustment parameter related to the explosive performance, 1.5 is taken, r is the distance from the sampling point 4 of the test piece to the equivalent explosion center position 2, and the distances are respectively 300m, 305m, 310m and 315m;
the final test piece 300-1 is the vibration damage variation delta=0.0175;
the final test piece 305-1 is the vibration damage variation Δ= 0.0173;
the final test piece 310-1 is the vibration damage variation delta=0.0128;
the final test piece 315-1 is the vibration damage variation Δ= 0.0129;
therefore, the measured damage variation of the rock mass in the 300-315m area outside the explosion area is 1.28% -1.75% under the action of the current explosion disturbance.
Claims (2)
1. The method for measuring the rock damage degree under blasting disturbance is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, drilling a plurality of rock test pieces in a target rock mass area according to an increment L equidistant from a bursting position, wherein the sampling depth is 0.5-1m in a rock stratum, drilling the rock test pieces with the diameter of 50mm and the height of 100mm, recording the distance r between a sampling point and an equivalent bursting position, and marking the rock test pieces;
step 2, immersing the rock test piece in 10% concentration saline water for vacuum saturation for 2-3h, and detecting the initial conductivity V of the rock test piece by using a conductivity meter 1 In 10 units -3 s/m；
Step 3, placing the rock test pieces with the conductivity measured in a glass open container respectively, putting the rock test pieces into a constant-temperature blast drying oven for drying for 8 hours, taking out the rock test pieces after drying, and placing the rock test pieces at a cool and ventilated place for cooling for 3-6 hours to normal temperature;
step 4, placing the rock test piece back to the original sampling position according to the corresponding mark, and performing cementing treatment by using gypsum; acquiring explosive loading Q data according to the field blasting design, and filling explosive at the position of a blast hole in a blasting operation area;
step 5, performing field blasting;
step 6, taking out all the rock test pieces placed in the step 4 according to the mark positions, repeating the step 2, and measuring the conductivity V of the rock test pieces subjected to blasting disturbance 2 ；
And 7, carrying out data analysis by combining the acquired data, and establishing a relational expression (1) between the rock damage increment delta before and after blasting disturbance action and the change of conductivity before and after blasting, the drug loading Q and the distance r between the sampling point and the equivalent explosion center position as follows:
wherein, C is a correction coefficient related to rock wave impedance, and the value range is 0.01-1; q is the blasting explosive quantity, and the unit is Kg; k is an adjustment parameter related to the performance of the explosive, and the value range is 1-2.82; and r is the distance from the sampling point of the rock test piece to the equivalent explosion center position, and the unit is m.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the rock specimen has a crack with a width greater than 0.5mm or a depth greater than 2mm, and the rock specimen is re-drilled in a region having an equal distance r from the blasting center.
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| CN108333256A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-07-27 | 辽宁科技大学 | The method for calculating Rock Damage degree under blast action based on rock CT scan |
| CN108344806A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-07-31 | 辽宁科技大学 | A method of Rock Damage degree under blast action is calculated based on nuclear magnetic resonance |
| CN109813617A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of experimental method of quantitative analysis rock blasting damnification |
| CN111707708A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-25 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | CO2Method for obtaining blasting strain energy conversion coefficient and equivalent explosive calculation formula |
| CN112779901A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-11 | 北京科技大学 | Nondestructive testing method for tamping effect and bearing capacity of large-particle-size gravel foundation |
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| US6631684B2 (en) * | 1999-09-16 | 2003-10-14 | Dae Woo Kang | Rock blasting method using air bladders embedded in loading layers |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108333256A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-07-27 | 辽宁科技大学 | The method for calculating Rock Damage degree under blast action based on rock CT scan |
| CN108344806A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-07-31 | 辽宁科技大学 | A method of Rock Damage degree under blast action is calculated based on nuclear magnetic resonance |
| CN109813617A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of experimental method of quantitative analysis rock blasting damnification |
| CN111707708A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-25 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | CO2Method for obtaining blasting strain energy conversion coefficient and equivalent explosive calculation formula |
| CN112779901A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-11 | 北京科技大学 | Nondestructive testing method for tamping effect and bearing capacity of large-particle-size gravel foundation |
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