CN114324048A - Method for monitoring plant growth and nutritional characteristics of vine root traditional Chinese medicinal materials - Google Patents
Method for monitoring plant growth and nutritional characteristics of vine root traditional Chinese medicinal materials Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 126
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000234427 Asparagus Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000005340 Asparagus officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 240000009022 Smilax rotundifolia Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000003205 Smilax rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 210000000538 tail Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000432824 Asparagus densiflorus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001489124 Boletus edulis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000195474 Sargassum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001404789 Smilax glabra Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000248539 Asparagus cochinchinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009292 Asparagus cochinchinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000432811 Asparagus racemosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001649247 Boehmeria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001391115 Gelsemium elegans Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007721 medicinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring the growth and nutritional characteristics of a vine root type traditional Chinese medicinal plant, wherein the same planting substrate is added into the same planting container, one treatment is used as a blank control, no plant is planted, the other treatment is used for planting the plant, all the planting containers are placed in the same habitat, the same management measures are adopted, the monitoring of the growth characteristics of the overground part of the plant, the monitoring of the growth characteristics of the underground part of the plant and the monitoring of the growth characteristics of the whole plant can be realized through measurement and calculation, destructive soil sampling is carried out on the planting containers in the harvesting period, the content of nutritional ingredients in the soil is measured, the nutritional absorption characteristics of the plant growth can be known through calculation, and the monitoring of the absorption nutritional characteristics is realized. The monitoring method is simple and easy to implement, greatly reduces the test cost, improves the monitoring accuracy and comprehensiveness, monitors the plant in the whole growth cycle, and has more accurate monitoring data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, in particular to a method for monitoring the growth and nutritional characteristics of vine root type traditional Chinese medicinal plants.
Background
The medicinal plants are economic crops in China, and play an important role in improving the economic income of farmers, guaranteeing the health of people and the like. The rhizome type traditional Chinese medicinal materials refer to underground stem type medicinal materials of which the medicine entering parts are rhizomes or have a small amount of roots or fleshy bulbs, and in the vine type plants, about more than 200 kinds of roots can be used as medicines, such as asparagus cochinchinensis, glabrous greenbrier rhizome, cauda edulis and the like. The medicinal effect of the medicinal plants is obvious, the economic value is high, and the medicinal plants become the first choice for farmers to plant.
When planting medicinal plants, growers need to know the growth and development rules and the nutrient absorption characteristics of the plants to take corresponding management measures of fertilization, and then high yield can be obtained. However, most of the conventional methods for monitoring the growth and development of plants and nutrient absorption are carried out by adopting a large-scale planting and continuous destruction sampling method, a large amount of planting land and repeated plants are required, and the difficulty of test arrangement and monitoring is high. Therefore, how to provide a method for monitoring the growth and development and nutrient absorption characteristics of the liana rhizome Chinese medicinal plant, which is rapid, low in cost and convenient to operate, is very important for the development of the Chinese medicinal industry.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a method for monitoring the growth and the nutritional characteristics of the Chinese medicinal plant of vine root and stem.
The method for monitoring the growth and the nutritional characteristics of the liana rhizome Chinese medicinal plant comprises the following steps of:
step S1, preparing a planting matrix, and performing conventional insecticidal and bactericidal treatment on the planting matrix;
step S2, preparing planting containers with the same size, specification and weight according to the number of the Chinese medicinal plant of vine root type to be planted;
step S3, adding planting matrixes into the planting containers, wherein the weight of the planting matrixes in each planting container is equal; one treatment served as a blank control, no plants were grown, with 3 replicates; plants were grown in 6 replicates in one treatment;
step S4, transplanting the plants into planting containers, and pouring equal amount of water into all the planting containers;
step S5, placing all planting containers in the same habitat and adopting the same management measures;
step S6, when the part of the plant vine extending out of the edge of the planting container reaches 20cm, twisting the part of the plant vine contacting with the edge of the planting container into a spiral shape;
step S7, measuring the water consumption of plants per month due to transpiration, and calculating the water consumption of each plant due to the transpiration;
step S8, monitoring the growth characteristics of the overground parts of the liana rhizome Chinese medicinal plant: measuring the length of the vine by using a tape measure, and monitoring the growth speed of the overground part of the plant by periodically measuring; placing the vine extending out of the planting container on an electronic scale to weigh the weight of the vine to obtain the weight of the overground part of the plant;
step S9, monitoring the growth characteristics of the underground part of the Chinese medicinal plant of vine root: weighing the whole plant, the planting container and the planting matrix, subtracting the weight of the blank control and the weight of the overground part of the plant, and adding the water consumption accumulated by the plant due to transpiration to obtain the weight of the underground part of the plant;
step S10, monitoring the growth characteristics of the whole vine root Chinese medicinal plant: and weighing the whole plant, the planting container and the planting matrix, subtracting the weight of the blank control, and adding the water consumption accumulated by the plant due to transpiration to obtain the weight of the whole plant.
Step S11, monitoring the nutrient absorption characteristics of the Chinese medicinal plant of vine root: in the harvesting period, destructively taking soil from the planting container with plants, and measuring the content of nutrient components in the soil; meanwhile, destructive soil sampling is carried out on the blank control planting container, and the content of nutrient components in the soil is measured; through data comparison, the nutrient absorption characteristics of plant growth can be known, and the nutrient absorption characteristics can be monitored.
In step S7, the method of measuring the amount of water consumed by the plants per month due to transpiration and calculating the cumulative amount of water consumed by each plant due to transpiration includes:
step S71, taking 3 repeats in the processing group as sampling samples, respectively collecting 3 leaves in the day and at night on the 1 st day, the 15 th day and the last day of each month, respectively measuring the transpiration rates of the leaves in the day and at night by adopting a weighing method, and taking the average value of 3 times of data as the daytime transpiration rate and the nighttime transpiration rate of the plant leaves in the month;
step S72, recording the number of leaves of another 3 repeated plants in the treatment group on the 1 st day, the 15 th day and the last day of each month, and taking the average value of 3 times of data as the number of leaves of the plants in the month;
and step S73, calculating the water consumption of the plants in the current month due to transpiration according to the data measured in the steps S71 and S72, measuring the water consumption of the plants in each month in the whole growth period of the plants, and accumulating the data to obtain the water consumption of each plant due to transpiration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the test cost is greatly reduced:
the conventional method for monitoring the growth and development of plants and the nutrient absorption is mostly carried out by adopting a method of large-scale planting and continuous destructive sampling, and a plurality of treatments are required; the invention only needs two treatments, greatly reduces the cost of test setting and test setting, and greatly reduces the later maintenance cost.
(2) The monitoring accuracy is greatly improved:
the invention can monitor the plant in the whole growth cycle, and the monitoring data is more accurate.
(3) The monitoring comprehensiveness is greatly improved:
the invention can comprehensively monitor the growth and development speed and the nutrient absorption characteristics of the overground part and the underground part of the liana rhizome Chinese medicinal plant.
(4) The invention is simple and easy to implement:
the method is simple and convenient to operate, all related instruments and equipment are conventional, and the method can be carried out by common growers and is easy to popularize and apply.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is to be read in connection with specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. The raw materials used in the examples were all commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1 monitoring the growth and nutritional characteristics of the glabrous greenbrier rhizome, a Chinese medicinal plant of vine rhizome
Step S1, preparing a planting matrix, and performing conventional insecticidal and bactericidal treatment on the planting matrix;
step S2, preparing planting containers with the same size, specification and weight;
step S3, adding planting matrixes into the planting containers, wherein the weight of the planting matrixes in each planting container is equal; one treatment served as a blank control, no plants were grown, with 3 replicates; plants were grown in 6 replicates in one treatment;
step S4, transplanting the smilax glabra seedlings into planting containers, and pouring equal amount of water into all the planting containers;
step S5, placing all planting containers in the same habitat and adopting the same management measures;
step S6, when the part of the glabrous greenbrier rhizome extending out of the edge of the planting container reaches 20cm, twisting the part of the glabrous greenbrier rhizome contacting with the edge of the planting container into a spiral shape;
step S7, measuring the amount of water consumed by the plants per month due to transpiration, and calculating the cumulative amount of water consumed by each plant due to transpiration, as follows:
step S71, taking 3 repeats in the processing group as sampling samples, respectively collecting 3 leaves in the day and at night on the 1 st day, the 15 th day and the last day of each month, respectively measuring the transpiration rates of the leaves in the day and at night by adopting a weighing method, and taking the average value of 3 times of data as the daytime transpiration rate and the nighttime transpiration rate of the plant leaves in the month;
step S72, recording the number of leaves of another 3 repeated plants in the treatment group on the 1 st day, the 15 th day and the last day of each month, and taking the average value of 3 times of data as the number of leaves of the plants in the month;
step S73, calculating the water consumption of the plants in the current month due to transpiration according to the data measured in the step S71 and the step S72, measuring the water consumption of the plants in each month in the whole period of plant growth, and accumulating the data to obtain the water consumption of each plant due to transpiration;
step S8, monitoring growth characteristics of the overground part of smilax glabra: measuring the length of the vine by using a tape measure, and monitoring the growth speed of the overground part of the glabrous greenbrier rhizome by periodically measuring; placing the vine extending out of the planting container on an electronic scale to weigh the weight of the vine to obtain the weight of the overground part of the glabrous greenbrier rhizome;
step S9, monitoring the growth characteristics of the underground part of glabrous greenbrier rhizome: weighing the whole plant, the planting container and the planting matrix, subtracting the weight of the blank control and the weight of the overground part of the glabrous greenbrier rhizome, and adding the water consumption accumulated by the plant due to transpiration to obtain the weight of the underground part of the glabrous greenbrier rhizome;
step S10, monitoring the growth characteristics of the whole rhizoma smilacis glabrae: and weighing the whole plant, the planting container and the planting matrix, subtracting the weight of the blank control, and adding the water consumption accumulated by the plant due to transpiration to obtain the weight of the whole rhizoma smilacis glabrae.
Step S11, monitoring the rhizoma smilacis glabrae nutrient absorption characteristics: in the harvesting period, destructively taking soil from the planting container with plants, and measuring the content of nutrient components in the soil; meanwhile, destructive soil sampling is carried out on the blank control planting container, and the content of nutrient components in the soil is measured; by data comparison, the nutrient absorption characteristics of the growth of the glabrous greenbrier rhizome can be known, and the nutrient absorption characteristics can be monitored.
Example 1 monitoring growth and nutritional characteristics of the vine rhizome traditional Chinese medicine plant Asparagus racemosus
Step S1, preparing a planting matrix, and performing conventional insecticidal and bactericidal treatment on the planting matrix;
step S2, preparing planting containers with the same size, specification and weight;
step S3, adding planting matrixes into the planting containers, wherein the weight of the planting matrixes in each planting container is equal; one treatment served as a blank control, no plants were grown, with 3 replicates; plants were grown in 6 replicates in one treatment;
step S4, transplanting the asparagus seedlings into planting containers, and pouring equal amount of water into all the planting containers;
step S5, placing all planting containers in the same habitat and adopting the same management measures;
step S6, twisting the contact part of the vine and the edge of the planting container into a spiral shape when the part of the vine of the asparagus fern extending out of the edge of the planting container reaches 20 cm;
step S7, measuring the amount of water consumed by the plants per month due to transpiration, and calculating the cumulative amount of water consumed by each plant due to transpiration, as follows:
step S71, taking 3 repeats in the processing group as sampling samples, respectively collecting 3 leaves in the day and at night on the 1 st day, the 15 th day and the last day of each month, respectively measuring the transpiration rates of the leaves in the day and at night by adopting a weighing method, and taking the average value of 3 times of data as the daytime transpiration rate and the nighttime transpiration rate of the plant leaves in the month;
step S72, recording the number of leaves of another 3 repeated plants in the treatment group on the 1 st day, the 15 th day and the last day of each month, and taking the average value of 3 times of data as the number of leaves of the plants in the month;
step S73, calculating the water consumption of the plants in the current month due to transpiration according to the data measured in the step S71 and the step S72, measuring the water consumption of the plants in each month in the whole period of plant growth, and accumulating the data to obtain the water consumption of each plant due to transpiration;
step S8, monitoring the growth characteristics of aerial parts of asparagus: measuring the length of the vine by using a tape measure, and monitoring the growth speed of the overground part of the asparagus by periodically measuring; placing the vine extending out of the planting container on an electronic scale to weigh the weight of the vine to obtain the weight of the overground part of the asparagus;
step S9, monitoring the growth characteristics of the underground part of the asparagus: weighing the whole plant, the planting container and the planting matrix, subtracting the weight of the blank control and the weight of the overground part of the asparagus, and adding the water consumption accumulated by the plant due to transpiration to obtain the weight of the underground part of the asparagus;
step S10, monitoring the growth characteristics of the whole asparagus: and weighing the whole plant, the planting container and the planting matrix, subtracting the weight of the blank control, and adding the water consumption accumulated by the plant due to transpiration to obtain the weight of the whole asparagus fern.
Step S11, monitoring of the nutrient absorption characteristics of asparagus: in the harvesting period, destructively taking soil from the planting container with plants, and measuring the content of nutrient components in the soil; meanwhile, destructive soil sampling is carried out on the blank control planting container, and the content of nutrient components in the soil is measured; through data comparison, the nutrient absorption characteristics of the growth of asparagus can be known, and the nutrient absorption characteristics can be monitored.
Example 1 monitoring the growth and nutritional characteristics of the vine-rhizome Chinese medicinal plant, gelsemium elegans
Step S1, preparing a planting matrix, and performing conventional insecticidal and bactericidal treatment on the planting matrix;
step S2, preparing planting containers with the same size, specification and weight;
step S3, adding planting matrixes into the planting containers, wherein the weight of the planting matrixes in each planting container is equal; one treatment served as a blank control, no plants were grown, with 3 replicates; plants were grown in 6 replicates in one treatment;
step S4, transplanting the cauda edulis seedlings into planting containers, and pouring equal amount of water into all the planting containers;
step S5, placing all planting containers in the same habitat and adopting the same management measures;
step S6, when the part of the sargassum makinoi extending out of the edge of the planting container reaches 20cm, twisting the part of the sargassum makinoi contacting with the edge of the planting container into a spiral shape;
step S7, measuring the amount of water consumed by the plants per month due to transpiration, and calculating the cumulative amount of water consumed by each plant due to transpiration, as follows:
step S71, taking 3 repeats in the processing group as sampling samples, respectively collecting 3 leaves in the day and at night on the 1 st day, the 15 th day and the last day of each month, respectively measuring the transpiration rates of the leaves in the day and at night by adopting a weighing method, and taking the average value of 3 times of data as the daytime transpiration rate and the nighttime transpiration rate of the plant leaves in the month;
step S72, recording the number of leaves of another 3 repeated plants in the treatment group on the 1 st day, the 15 th day and the last day of each month, and taking the average value of 3 times of data as the number of leaves of the plants in the month;
step S73, calculating the water consumption of the plants in the current month due to transpiration according to the data measured in the step S71 and the step S72, measuring the water consumption of the plants in each month in the whole period of plant growth, and accumulating the data to obtain the water consumption of each plant due to transpiration;
step S8, monitoring the growth characteristics of the overground part of the cauda edulis: measuring the length of the vine by using a measuring tape, and monitoring the growth speed of the overground part of the cauda edulis by periodic measurement; placing the vine extending out of the planting container on an electronic scale to weigh the weight of the vine to obtain the weight of the overground part of the cauda edulis;
step S9, monitoring the growth characteristics of the underground part of the boehmeria tenera: weighing the whole plant, the planting container and the planting matrix, subtracting the weight of the blank control and the weight of the overground part of the cauda edulis, and adding the water consumption accumulated by the plant due to transpiration to obtain the weight of the underground part of the cauda edulis;
step S10, monitoring the growth characteristics of the whole piece of cauda edulis: and weighing the whole plant, the planting container and the planting matrix, subtracting the weight of the blank control, and adding the water consumption accumulated by the plant due to transpiration to obtain the weight of the whole cauda nivalis.
Step S11, monitoring the nutrient absorption characteristics of the boletus edulis: in the harvesting period, destructively taking soil from the planting container with plants, and measuring the content of nutrient components in the soil; meanwhile, destructive soil sampling is carried out on the blank control planting container, and the content of nutrient components in the soil is measured; through data comparison, the nutrient absorption characteristics of the growth of the boletus edulis can be known, and the nutrient absorption characteristics can be monitored.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. A method for monitoring the growth and nutritional characteristics of a vine root type traditional Chinese medicinal plant is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, preparing a planting matrix, and performing conventional insecticidal and bactericidal treatment on the planting matrix;
step S2, preparing planting containers with the same size, specification and weight according to the number of the Chinese medicinal plant of vine root type to be planted;
step S3, adding planting matrixes into the planting containers, wherein the weight of the planting matrixes in each planting container is equal; one treatment served as a blank control, no plants were grown, with 3 replicates; plants were grown in 6 replicates in one treatment;
step S4, transplanting the plants into planting containers, and pouring equal amount of water into all the planting containers;
step S5, placing all planting containers in the same habitat and adopting the same management measures;
step S6, when the part of the plant vine extending out of the edge of the planting container reaches 20cm, twisting the part of the plant vine contacting with the edge of the planting container into a spiral shape;
step S7, measuring the water consumption of plants per month due to transpiration, and calculating the water consumption of each plant due to the transpiration;
step S8, monitoring the growth characteristics of the overground parts of the liana rhizome Chinese medicinal plant: measuring the length of the vine by using a tape measure, and monitoring the growth speed of the overground part of the plant by periodically measuring; placing the vine extending out of the planting container on an electronic scale to weigh the weight of the vine to obtain the weight of the overground part of the plant;
step S9, monitoring the growth characteristics of the underground part of the Chinese medicinal plant of vine root: weighing the whole plant, the planting container and the planting matrix, subtracting the weight of the blank control and the weight of the overground part of the plant, and adding the water consumption accumulated by the plant due to transpiration to obtain the weight of the underground part of the plant;
step S10, monitoring the growth characteristics of the whole vine root Chinese medicinal plant: and weighing the whole plant, the planting container and the planting matrix, subtracting the weight of the blank control, and adding the water consumption accumulated by the plant due to transpiration to obtain the weight of the whole plant.
Step S11, monitoring the nutrient absorption characteristics of the Chinese medicinal plant of vine root: in the harvesting period, destructively taking soil from the planting container with plants, and measuring the content of nutrient components in the soil; meanwhile, destructive soil sampling is carried out on the blank control planting container, and the content of nutrient components in the soil is measured; through data comparison, the nutrient absorption characteristics of plant growth can be known, and the nutrient absorption characteristics can be monitored.
2. The monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of water consumed by the plants per month due to transpiration is measured in step S7, and the amount of water consumed by each plant cumulatively due to transpiration is calculated by:
step S71, taking 3 repeats in the processing group as sampling samples, respectively collecting 3 leaves in the day and at night on the 1 st day, the 15 th day and the last day of each month, respectively measuring the transpiration rates of the leaves in the day and at night by adopting a weighing method, and taking the average value of 3 times of data as the daytime transpiration rate and the nighttime transpiration rate of the plant leaves in the month;
step S72, recording the number of leaves of another 3 repeated plants in the treatment group on the 1 st day, the 15 th day and the last day of each month, and taking the average value of 3 times of data as the number of leaves of the plants in the month;
and step S73, calculating the water consumption of the plants in the current month due to transpiration according to the data measured in the steps S71 and S72, measuring the water consumption of the plants in each month in the whole growth period of the plants, and accumulating the data to obtain the water consumption of each plant due to transpiration.
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| US20060150492A1 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2006-07-13 | Kaprielian Craig L | Method of cultivation and components for use therewith |
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