CN114323846A - Risk evaluation method for heavy metals in sediment in water ecosystem - Google Patents
Risk evaluation method for heavy metals in sediment in water ecosystem Download PDFInfo
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- CN114323846A CN114323846A CN202111563128.5A CN202111563128A CN114323846A CN 114323846 A CN114323846 A CN 114323846A CN 202111563128 A CN202111563128 A CN 202111563128A CN 114323846 A CN114323846 A CN 114323846A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a risk evaluation method of heavy metals in sediments in an aqueous ecosystem, which comprises the following steps: s1: dividing the water ecosystem into a plurality of detection areas, numbering the detection areas, and collecting sediment, plant samples and animal samples in the water ecosystem in different detection areas as environment samples; s2: the environmental samples collected in the S1 are dried separately and stored according to the serial numbers; s3: grinding the dried environment sample in each detection area by using grinding equipment to obtain a powdery environment sample, and then sieving the powdery environment sample by using a screen; s4: taking out 1-2g of a plurality of sieved environment samples respectively, separately containing the environment samples, adding an equivalent amount of digestion solution, and soaking for 2-4 h; the method of the invention detects the heavy metal content in the aquatic ecosystem product, is convenient for comprehensively and accurately judging the heavy metal environment ecotoxicity risk degree, and can serve for the aquatic ecosystem management.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal content detection, in particular to a risk evaluation method for heavy metals in sediments in an aqueous ecosystem.
Background
In the process of ecological restoration of surface water, the water ecosystem construction technology gradually becomes the most common and environment-friendly method. The construction of a water ecosystem is a system engineering and needs to be guided and constructed according to the principle of a food chain; in the process of ecological restoration of surface water, the water ecosystem construction technology gradually becomes the most common and environment-friendly method. The construction of the water ecosystem is a system engineering, and the construction needs to be guided according to the principle of a food chain, but the water ecosystem is possibly polluted by heavy metals in the process of ecological restoration of surface water, and the heavy metals in the water ecosystem need to be detected and risk assessment is carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for evaluating the risk of heavy metals deposited in an aquatic ecosystem.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for assessing risk of heavy metals of sediments in aquatic ecosystem, comprising the steps of:
s1: dividing the water ecosystem into a plurality of detection areas, numbering the detection areas, and collecting bottom sediment in the water ecosystem in different detection areas, plant samples and animal samples in the bottom sediment as environment samples;
s2: the environmental samples collected in the S1 are dried separately and stored according to the serial numbers;
s3: grinding the dried environment sample in each detection area by using grinding equipment to obtain a powdery environment sample, and then sieving the powdery environment sample by using a screen;
s4: taking out 1-2g of a plurality of sieved environment samples respectively, separately containing the environment samples, adding an equivalent amount of digestion solution, and soaking for 2-4 h;
s5, sealing after soaking, digesting under the condition of water bath heating, and cooling to obtain a digestion solution;
s6, dropwise adding a pH regulator into the digestion solution, measuring the pH value while dropwise adding to reach a proper range, then adding a proper amount of activated carbon fiber to capture heavy metal ions, ultrasonically oscillating for 60-120min, and standing for 1-2 h;
s7, filtering and recovering the activated carbon fiber, putting the activated carbon fiber into a tri-state desorption device, desorbing the activated carbon fiber by using continuously introduced high-temperature steam, and condensing and recovering heavy metal ions to obtain condensate;
and S8, diluting the condensate with an acid solution, fixing the volume, measuring the content of heavy metal in the condensate, calculating the average value of a plurality of samples to obtain the final detection result, and counting the concentrations of the heavy metal pollutants of different environmental samples in different sampling areas according to the numbers.
Further, the digestion solution in the step S4 includes the following raw materials by weight percent: 25-30% of sodium hydroxide, 20-25% of sodium carbonate, 6-10% of disodium hydrogen phosphate and the balance of deionized water.
Further, the ph adjusting agent in the step S6 is a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 5%, and is adjusted to maintain a ph value between 3 and 4;
further, when the average value is calculated in step S8, the maximum value and the minimum value are removed, and then the arithmetic average value is calculated.
Further, the drying device is a dryer which adopts microwave technology for drying.
Furthermore, the grinding device is a high-speed grinding device, the rotating speed of the grinding device is set to 8000-.
Further, the screen is a 90-100 mesh screen.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method provided by the invention can be used for detecting the content of heavy metals in organisms, plants and inorganic matters in the water ecosystem, so that the ecological toxicity risk degree of the heavy metal environment can be comprehensively and accurately judged, and the method can be used for pollution control and water ecology management in the water ecosystem.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, illustrative embodiments of the present invention are described below. While the invention is amenable to various modifications and alternative forms, specifics thereof have been described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.
A method for assessing risk of heavy metals of sediments in aquatic ecosystem, comprising the steps of:
s1: dividing the water ecosystem into a plurality of detection areas, numbering the detection areas, and collecting bottom sediment in the water ecosystem in different detection areas, plant samples and animal samples in the bottom sediment as environment samples;
s2: the environmental samples collected in the S1 are dried separately and stored according to the serial numbers;
s3: grinding the dried environment sample in each detection area by using grinding equipment to obtain a powdery environment sample, and then sieving the powdery environment sample by using a screen;
s4: taking out 1-2g of a plurality of sieved environment samples respectively, separately containing the environment samples, adding an equivalent amount of digestion solution, and soaking for 2-4 h;
s5, sealing after soaking, digesting under the condition of water bath heating, and cooling to obtain a digestion solution;
s6, adding a ph regulator into the digestion solution dropwise while measuring the ph value to reach a proper range, adding a proper amount of activated carbon fiber to capture heavy metal ions, performing ultrasonic oscillation for 60-120min, and standing for 1-2 h;
s7, filtering and recovering the activated carbon fiber, putting the activated carbon fiber into a tri-state desorption device, desorbing the activated carbon fiber by using continuously introduced high-temperature steam, and condensing and recovering heavy metal ions to obtain condensate;
and S8, diluting the condensate with an acid solution, fixing the volume, measuring the content of heavy metal in the condensate, calculating the average value of a plurality of samples to obtain the final detection result, counting the concentrations of heavy metal pollutants of different environmental samples in different sampling areas according to the numbers, and carrying out risk assessment on the water ecosystem according to the detection concentrations.
In this embodiment, the digestion solution in step S4 includes the following raw materials by weight: 25-30% of sodium hydroxide, 20-25% of sodium carbonate, 6-10% of disodium hydrogen phosphate and the balance of deionized water.
In this embodiment, the pH adjusting agent in step S6 is a hydrochloric acid solution with a mass fraction of 5%, and the pH value is adjusted to be maintained between 3 and 4;
in this embodiment, when the average value is calculated in step S8, the maximum value and the minimum value are removed first, and then the arithmetic average value is calculated.
In this embodiment, the drying device is a dryer that dries by using a microwave technique.
In this embodiment, the polishing apparatus is a high-speed polishing apparatus, the rotation speed of the polishing apparatus is set to 8000-.
In this embodiment, the screen is a 90-100 mesh screen.
The method provided by the invention can be used for detecting the content of heavy metals in organisms, plants and inorganic matters in the water ecosystem, so that the ecological toxicity risk degree of the heavy metal environment can be comprehensively and accurately judged, and the method can be used for pollution control and water ecology management in the water ecosystem.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. A risk evaluation method of heavy metals deposited in an aquatic ecosystem, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: dividing the water ecosystem into a plurality of detection areas, numbering the detection areas, and collecting bottom sediment in the water ecosystem in different detection areas, plant samples and animal samples in the bottom sediment as environment samples;
s2: the environmental samples collected in the S1 are dried separately and stored according to the serial numbers;
s3: grinding the dried environment sample in each detection area by using grinding equipment to obtain a powdery environment sample, and then sieving the powdery environment sample by using a screen;
s4: taking out 1-2g of a plurality of sieved environment samples respectively, separately containing the environment samples, adding an equivalent amount of digestion solution, and soaking for 2-4 h;
s5, sealing after soaking, digesting under the condition of water bath heating, and cooling to obtain a digestion solution;
s6, dropwise adding a pH regulator into the digestion solution, measuring the pH value while dropwise adding to reach a proper range, then adding a proper amount of activated carbon fiber to capture heavy metal ions, ultrasonically oscillating for 60-120min, and standing for 1-2 h;
s7, filtering and recovering the activated carbon fiber, putting the activated carbon fiber into a tri-state desorption device, desorbing the activated carbon fiber by using continuously introduced high-temperature steam, and condensing and recovering heavy metal ions to obtain condensate;
and S8, diluting the condensate with an acid solution, fixing the volume, measuring the content of heavy metal in the condensate, calculating the average value of a plurality of samples to obtain the final detection result, and counting the concentrations of the heavy metal pollutants of different environmental samples in different sampling areas according to the numbers.
2. The method for detecting the heavy metal content in the soil and the bottom mud according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the digestion solution in the step S4 comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25-30% of sodium hydroxide, 20-25% of sodium carbonate, 6-10% of disodium hydrogen phosphate and the balance of deionized water.
3. The method for detecting the heavy metal content in the soil and the bottom mud according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pH regulator in the step S6 is a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 5%, and the pH value is adjusted and kept between 3 and 4.
4. The method for detecting the heavy metal content in the soil and the bottom mud according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S8, when calculating the average value, the maximum value and the minimum value are removed first, and then the arithmetic average value is calculated.
5. The method for detecting the heavy metal content in the soil and the bottom mud according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the drying device is a dryer which adopts microwave technology to dry.
6. The method for detecting the heavy metal content in the soil and the bottom mud according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the grinding equipment is high-speed grinding equipment, the rotating speed of the grinding equipment is set to 8000-.
7. The method for detecting the heavy metal content in the soil and the bottom mud according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the screen is a 90-100 mesh screen.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190004024A1 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2019-01-03 | Chinese Research Academy Of Environmental Sciences | Method for ecological risk assessment of heavy metal in river basin sediment based on toxicity effect |
| CN110135714A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-16 | 清华大学 | A kind of integrated evaluating method in river, lake sediment Heavy Metal Ecological risk of toxicity |
| CN111257083A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-09 | 江苏安捷鹿检测科技有限公司 | Method for detecting heavy metal content of soil and bottom mud |
| CN112818284A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-18 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Ecological risk evaluation method for heavy metal pollutants in sediment |
| CN112950044A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-11 | 扬州大学 | Ecological risk evaluation method for heavy metal in sediment |
| CN113281279A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 华测检测认证集团股份有限公司 | Soil heavy metal content detection method for environment detection |
-
2021
- 2021-12-20 CN CN202111563128.5A patent/CN114323846A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190004024A1 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2019-01-03 | Chinese Research Academy Of Environmental Sciences | Method for ecological risk assessment of heavy metal in river basin sediment based on toxicity effect |
| CN110135714A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-08-16 | 清华大学 | A kind of integrated evaluating method in river, lake sediment Heavy Metal Ecological risk of toxicity |
| CN111257083A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-09 | 江苏安捷鹿检测科技有限公司 | Method for detecting heavy metal content of soil and bottom mud |
| CN112818284A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-18 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Ecological risk evaluation method for heavy metal pollutants in sediment |
| CN112950044A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-11 | 扬州大学 | Ecological risk evaluation method for heavy metal in sediment |
| CN113281279A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-20 | 华测检测认证集团股份有限公司 | Soil heavy metal content detection method for environment detection |
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