CN114323794B - Detection sampling system for volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds in soil - Google Patents
Detection sampling system for volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds in soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114323794B CN114323794B CN202111672202.7A CN202111672202A CN114323794B CN 114323794 B CN114323794 B CN 114323794B CN 202111672202 A CN202111672202 A CN 202111672202A CN 114323794 B CN114323794 B CN 114323794B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection sampling system for volatile or semi-volatile organic matters in soil, which comprises a lake bottom bullet soil sampler in the shape of a bullet with a vertically downward tip, wherein a vertical lifter capable of driving the lake bottom bullet soil sampler to lift up and down is arranged right above the lake bottom bullet soil sampler, a horizontal silt surface falling disc is arranged below the lake bottom bullet soil sampler, and a bullet soil sampler penetrating hole is hollowed in the geometric center of the falling disc; the device can accurately sample the deepest sampling part of the soft silt layer and can truly reflect the accumulation condition of volatile organic compounds.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of soil sampling and detection.
Background
The detection of the volatile or volatile organic matters in the silt soil at the bottom of the lake can effectively reflect the accumulation condition of organic pollutants in the lake; in the silt soil at the bottom of a lake, shallow silt is flushed and dispersed by flowing water, the content of volatile organic compounds is very low, and the accumulation condition of the volatile organic compounds cannot be truly reflected, so that the optimal sampling position is the deepest part of a soft silt layer, and a sampling person on the bank cannot know where the deepest part of the silt is in advance, so that a silt sample at the deepest part cannot be sampled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a detection sampling system for volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds in soil, which can sample a silt soil sample at the deepest position of silt.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the aim, the detection sampling system for volatile or semi-volatile organic matters in soil comprises a lake bottom bullet soil sampler which is bullet-shaped and has a vertically downward tip, wherein a vertical lifter which can drive the lake bottom bullet soil sampler to lift up and down is arranged right above the lake bottom bullet soil sampler, a horizontal silt surface falling disk is arranged below the lake bottom bullet soil sampler, and a bullet soil sampler penetrating hole is hollowed in the geometric center of the falling disk;
when the lower surface of the silt surface falling plate contacts the silt surface at the lake bottom, the silt surface upwards supports the silt surface falling plate, and the lifter can drive the bullet soil sampler at the lake bottom to downwards penetrate through the bullet soil sampler penetrating hole and downwards insert into the silt layer at the lake bottom.
Further, the upper surface of the silt surface falling plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of counterweights in a circumferential array along the geometric center, and the upper end of each counterweight is fixedly connected with the upper end of the shell of the lifter through a rigid connecting rod; the lifting device further comprises a hanging traction rope, wherein the lower end of the hanging traction rope is fixedly connected with the upper end of the shell of the lifting device.
Further, the lake bottom bullet soil sampler comprises a sampling cup with a conical lower end, the upper side of the sampling cup is coaxially covered with a cup cover, a first O-shaped sealing ring is arranged on the upper side of the sampling cup, a ring wall is integrally arranged on the lower side of the cup cover along the outline, and the inner wall of the ring wall is in sealing fit with the outer wall of the upper end of the sampling cup through the first O-shaped sealing ring, so that a negative pressure sampling bin which is airtight and negative pressure is formed inside a combination body formed by the sampling cup and the cup cover.
Further, the upper side of the cup cover is integrally connected with a vertical outer cylinder along the outline and coaxially;
the upper end of the inner cylinder of the outer cylinder is coaxially provided with a cylindrical high-pressure gas storage tank, the interior of the cylindrical high-pressure gas storage tank is coaxially provided with a high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin, and the high-pressure gas storage tank comprises a tank upper wall and a tank lower wall; a spring bin is formed between the lower wall of the box body and the cup cover; an annular pressure balance channel is formed between the outer wall of the high-pressure gas storage box and the inner wall of the outer cylinder body, and the annular pressure balance channel is used for communicating the spring bin with the outside, so that the spring bin is always consistent with the ambient pressure; a first spring is arranged in the spring bin at the same axis, and the upper end and the lower end of the first spring elastically push against the lower wall of the box body and the cup cover respectively;
the lower end of a lifting rod of the lifter is fixedly connected with a cross arm, and the cross arm is fixedly connected with the upper wall of the box body through the fixing rod; thereby the lifter drives the high-pressure gas storage tank to move up and down through the lifting rod.
Further, a vertical piston cylinder is arranged on the axis of the cup cover in an integrated and coaxial manner, and the upper end and the lower end of the piston cylinder extend into the spring bin and the negative pressure sampling bin respectively; the inside of the piston cylinder is a piston channel, a piston is arranged in the piston channel, the lower end of the piston is connected with a piston rod extending downwards, and the lower end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the sampling cup in a coaxial manner; an annular limiting inner edge is integrally arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the piston cylinder, a second spring is coaxially arranged between the annular limiting inner edge and the piston, and the upper end of the second spring elastically pushes against the piston; the upper end of the piston cylinder is integrally provided with a piston cylinder top wall, and the upper end of the piston cylinder top wall is coaxially and integrally connected with an upward extending air guide rod; a stroke distance exists between the top wall of the piston cylinder and the lower wall of the box body;
the axle centers of the upper wall of the box body and the lower wall of the box body are respectively communicated with an upper rod body penetrating channel and a lower rod body penetrating channel in the same axle center; the air guide rod coaxially penetrates through the upper rod body penetrating channel and the lower rod body penetrating channel; two second O-shaped sealing rings are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner wall of the upper rod body penetrating through the channel; two third O-shaped sealing rings are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner wall of the lower rod body penetrating through the channel; the two second O-shaped sealing rings and the two third O-shaped sealing rings are in sliding sealing fit with the outer wall of the air guide rod;
a first air guide channel is arranged in the upper half section of the air guide rod along the length direction, an air inlet A at the lower end of the first air guide channel penetrates out of the outer wall surface of the air guide rod and is communicated with the high-pressure air accumulation bin, and even if the top wall of the piston cylinder relatively rises to contact the lower surface of the lower wall of the box body, the air inlet A is still communicated with the high-pressure air accumulation bin; the upper end of the air guide rod is fixedly connected with a valve mounting seat, and the lower end surface of the valve mounting seat is in limit contact with the upper surface of the upper wall of the box body, so that the first spring can be kept in a compressed state; an electric valve in a closed state is arranged in the valve mounting seat, and when the electric valve is opened, the upper end of the first air guide channel is communicated with the outside through the electric valve;
a second air guide channel is arranged in the lower half section of the air guide rod along the length direction, the lower end of the second air guide channel is communicated with the upper end of the piston channel, and an air inlet at the upper end B of the second air guide channel penetrates out of the outer wall surface of the air guide rod and is sealed between the two third O-shaped sealing rings; when the top wall of the piston cylinder relatively rises to contact the lower surface of the lower wall of the box body, the air inlet B is communicated with a high-pressure air accumulation bin; when the air inlet B is communicated with the high-pressure air pressure accumulation bin, high air pressure in the high-pressure air pressure accumulation bin can be transmitted to the piston channel through the second air guide channel, so that air pressure in the piston channel rises instantly, and the piston and the top wall of the piston cylinder are driven to move away from each other.
Further, an air pressure sensor is arranged in the high-pressure air pressure accumulation bin, and when the air pressure sensor recognizes that the air pressure in the high-pressure air pressure accumulation bin suddenly and remarkably decreases, the electric valve is controlled to be opened after the air pressure sensor delays to second.
Further, the pressure of the high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure gas accumulator bin exceeds 300kPa.
Further, the detection sampling system of volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds in soil:
the device is integrally put into lake water until the lower surface of a silt surface falling plate of the device falls and contacts the silt surface of the lake bottom, and a lifting rod of a lifter is controlled to gradually extend downwards;
the personnel on the bank suddenly and largely emit bubbles to judge that the device is sampling according to the water surface, and finally the personnel on the bank pulls the device back to the water surface upwards through hanging a traction rope, and then the personnel on the bank open a negative pressure sampling bin to obtain the deepest sludge sample.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention has simple structure, can accurately sample the deepest sampling part of the soft silt layer, and can truly reflect the accumulation condition of volatile organic compounds; in the concrete working process, after the cup cover is separated from the sampling cup upwards, the upper end of the original airtight negative pressure sampling bin is exposed in the deepest soft sludge, so that the deepest soft sludge quickly floods into the negative pressure sampling bin under the action of negative pressure, and the deepest soft sludge is sampled; meanwhile, people on the bank can judge that the device is sampling according to a large amount of bubbles suddenly emitted from the water surface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device during operation;
FIG. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of the present apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lake bottom bullet soil sampler;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lower portion of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the lower portion of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the cup cap separated from the sampling cup based on FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a structure of a conical sampling cup;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the cup cover and the outer barrel thereof.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The system for detecting and sampling volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds in soil as shown in fig. 1 to 9 comprises a lake bottom bullet soil sampler 32 which is in the shape of a bullet and has a vertically downward tip, wherein a vertical lifter 31 which can drive the lake bottom bullet soil sampler 32 to lift up and down is arranged right above the lake bottom bullet soil sampler 32, a horizontal silt surface falling disk 35 is arranged below the lake bottom bullet soil sampler 32, and a bullet soil sampler through hole 38 is hollowed in the geometric center of the falling disk 35;
when the lower surface of the silt surface falling tray 35 contacts the silt surface at the lake bottom, the silt surface supports the silt surface falling tray 35 upward, and the lifter 31 can drive the lake bottom bullet soil sampler 32 to pass through the bullet soil sampler passing hole 38 downward and to be inserted into the silt layer of the lake bottom.
The upper surface of the silt surface falling plate 35 is fixedly connected with a plurality of counterweights 34 in a circumferential array along the geometric center, and the upper ends of the counterweights 34 are fixedly connected with the upper end of the shell of the lifter 31 through a rigid connecting rod 33; the device also comprises a hanging hauling rope 30, wherein the lower end of the hanging hauling rope 30 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the shell of the lifter 31.
The lake bottom bullet soil sampler 32 comprises a sampling cup 11 with a conical lower end, wherein the upper side of the sampling cup 11 is coaxially covered with a cup cover 16, the upper side peripheral wall 14 of the sampling cup 11 is coaxially provided with a first O-shaped sealing ring 50, the lower side edge outline of the cup cover 16 is integrally provided with a ring wall 15, and the inner wall of the ring wall 15 is in sealing fit with the outer wall of the upper end of the sampling cup 11 through the first O-shaped sealing ring 50, so that a closed negative pressure sampling bin 10 with negative pressure is formed in a combination body formed by the sampling cup 11 and the cup cover 16; the upper side of the cup cover 16 is connected with a vertical outer cylinder 5 along the outline integration coaxial center;
the upper end of the inner cylinder of the outer cylinder 5 is coaxially provided with a cylindrical high-pressure gas storage tank 25, the cylindrical high-pressure gas storage tank 25 is coaxially provided with a high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 in the high-pressure gas storage tank 25, and the high-pressure gas storage tank 25 comprises a tank upper wall 2 and a tank lower wall 22; a spring chamber 18 is formed between the lower wall 22 of the box body and the cup cover 16; an annular pressure balance channel 24 is formed between the outer wall of the high-pressure gas storage tank 25 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 5, and the annular pressure balance channel 24 communicates the spring chamber 18 with the outside, so that the spring chamber 18 is always consistent with the ambient pressure; the spring bin 18 is internally and coaxially provided with a first spring 19, and the upper end and the lower end of the first spring 19 elastically push against the lower wall 22 of the box body and the cup cover 16 respectively;
the lower end of a lifting rod 74 of the lifter 31 is fixedly connected with a cross arm 37, and the cross arm 37 is fixedly connected with the upper wall 2 of the box body through the fixed rod 1; thereby causing the lifter 31 to drive the high-pressure gas storage tank 25 to move up and down through the lifter 74;
the axis of the cup cover 16 is integrally and coaxially provided with a vertical piston cylinder 17, and the upper end and the lower end of the piston cylinder 17 extend into a spring bin 18 and a negative pressure sampling bin 10 respectively; the inside of the piston cylinder 17 is provided with a piston channel 20, a piston 9 is arranged in the piston channel 20, the lower end of the piston 9 is connected with a piston rod 60 extending downwards, and the lower end of the piston rod 60 is fixedly connected with a sampling cup 11 in a coaxial manner; an annular limiting inner edge 12 is integrally arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the piston cylinder 17, a second spring 13 is coaxially arranged between the annular limiting inner edge 12 and the piston 9, and the upper end of the second spring 13 elastically pushes against the piston 9; the upper end of the piston cylinder 17 is integrally provided with a piston cylinder top wall 7, and the upper end of the piston cylinder top wall 7 is coaxially and integrally connected with an upward extending air guide rod 23; a stroke distance 100 exists between the top wall 7 of the piston cylinder and the lower wall 22 of the box body;
the axle centers of the upper wall 2 and the lower wall 22 of the box body are respectively communicated with an upper rod body penetrating channel 29 and a lower rod body penetrating channel 21 in the same axle center; the air guide rod 23 coaxially penetrates through the upper rod penetrating channel 29 and the lower rod penetrating channel 21; two second O-shaped sealing rings 40 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner wall of the upper rod body penetrating through the channel 29; the upper end and the lower end of the inner wall of the lower rod body penetrating through the channel 21 are provided with two third O-shaped sealing rings 39; the two second O-shaped sealing rings 40 and the two third O-shaped sealing rings 39 are in sliding sealing fit with the outer wall of the air guide rod 23;
a first air guide channel 26 is arranged in the upper half section of the air guide rod 23 along the length direction, an air inlet 4 at the lower end A of the first air guide channel 26 penetrates out of the outer wall surface of the air guide rod 23 and is communicated with the high-pressure air pressure accumulation bin 3, and even if the top wall 7 of the piston cylinder relatively rises to be contacted with the lower surface of the lower wall 22 of the box body, the air inlet 4 is still communicated with the high-pressure air pressure accumulation bin 3; the upper end of the air guide rod 23 is fixedly connected with a valve mounting seat 27, and the lower end surface of the valve mounting seat 27 is in limit contact with the upper surface of the upper wall 2 of the box body, so that the first spring 19 can be kept in a compressed state; an electric valve 28 in a closed state is arranged in the valve mounting seat 27, and when the electric valve 28 is opened, the upper end of the first air guide channel 26 is communicated with the outside through the electric valve 28;
the second air guide channel 8 is arranged in the lower half section of the air guide rod 23 along the length direction, the lower end of the second air guide channel 8 is communicated with the upper end of the piston channel 20, and an air inlet 6 at the upper end B of the second air guide channel 8 penetrates out of the outer wall surface of the air guide rod 23 and is sealed between two third O-shaped sealing rings 39; when the top wall 7 of the piston cylinder relatively rises to contact with the lower surface of the lower wall 22 of the box body, the air inlet B6 is communicated with the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3; when the air inlet B6 is communicated with the high-pressure air pressure accumulation bin 3, the high air pressure in the high-pressure air pressure accumulation bin 3 is transmitted to the piston channel 20 through the second air guide channel 8, so that the air pressure in the piston channel 20 rises instantaneously, and the piston 9 and the top wall 7 of the piston cylinder are driven to move away from each other;
the pressure of the high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure gas accumulator 3 of the present embodiment exceeds 300kPa (the magnitude of the gas pressure can be adjusted according to the actual weight of the present apparatus); the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 is internally provided with a gas pressure sensor; when the air pressure sensor recognizes that the air pressure in the high-pressure air accumulator 3 suddenly and remarkably decreases, the electric valve 28 is controlled to be opened after 3 to 5 seconds;
the detailed working principle and working method of the device are as follows:
initial state setting: the whole device is on the bank side in the initial state, the external gas pressurizing device introduces compressed gas into the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 through the first gas guide channel 26 until the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 rises to be more than 300kPa (the gas pressure can be adjusted according to the actual weight of the mechanism), and then the electric valve 28 is closed to restore the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 to a closed state; meanwhile, under the tension of the first spring 19, a stroke distance 100 exists between the top wall 7 of the piston cylinder and the lower wall 22 of the box body, and the B air inlet 6 is sealed between the two third O-shaped sealing rings 39; and the negative pressure sampling bin 10 in a closed state is in a negative pressure state in the initial state;
the water discharging method comprises the following steps:
at this time, the whole device is put into lake water, and the whole device automatically slowly sinks in a horizontal posture under the traction of a hanging traction rope 30 until the lower surface of a silt surface falling plate 35 of the device falls and contacts the silt surface at the bottom of the lake, at this time, the surface area of the silt surface falling plate 35 is large and is equivalent to horizontally spreading on the soft silt surface, and at this time, the soft silt surface upwards supports the silt surface falling plate 35, so that the whole process of the launching is realized;
the sampling method comprises the following steps: the lifting rod 74 of the lifter 31 is controlled to gradually extend downward so that the lakebed bullet soil sampler 32 in the shape of a bullet with its tip vertically downward passes downward through the bullet soil sampler passing hole 38 and is inserted downward into the soft silt layer of the lakebed, and continuously fed downward into the deeper soft silt layer; the conical sampling cup 11 and the outer cylinder 5 of the lake bottom bullet soil sampler 32 can bear upward resistance of the soft silt layer in the process of descending the lake bottom bullet soil sampler 32 in the soft silt layer, but the upward resistance cannot overcome the elasticity of the first spring 19 for pressing the cup cover 16 downwards, so that the relative position of the cylindrical high-pressure gas storage tank 25 and the gas guide rod 23 is not changed in the process of descending the lake bottom bullet soil sampler 32 in the soft silt layer, and the B gas inlet 6 is always in a state of being sealed between the two third O-shaped sealing rings 39; as the laked bullet soil sampler 32 continues to feed down to a deeper soft silt layer until the tip of the sampling cup 11 at the lower end of the laked bullet soil sampler 32 reaches the deepest part of the soft silt layer and the deepest soft silt is the optimal sampling position, at this time, the tip of the sampling cup 11 has contacted the hard soil layer at the deepest part of the soft silt layer, so that the sampling cup 11, the cup cover 16, the piston cylinder 17 and the air guide rod 23 cannot continue to descend because the tip of the sampling cup 11 contacts the hard soil layer, at this time, the lifting rod 74 of the lifter 31 continues to extend downwards and pushes down the upper wall 2 of the cylindrical high-pressure gas storage box 25, so that the cylindrical high-pressure gas storage box 25 overcomes the elasticity of the first spring 19 to descend relative to the air guide rod 23 under the downward pushing of the lifting rod 74, so that the lower wall 22 of the cylindrical high-pressure gas storage box 25 descends relative to the air guide rod 23 until the top wall 7 of the piston cylinder contacts the lower wall 22, so that the air inlet 6 of the pressure storage cup 3 is communicated with the air accumulator 3, and the piston 20 cannot be pushed down to the piston 20 in the piston channel 20 by the piston channel 20 except for the fact that the piston channel 20 is pushed down by the piston channel 20 in the piston channel 20; the simplified mechanical analysis is carried out, the overall weight of the device is set as G, the buoyancy born by the whole device is set as F, the upward thrust of the high-pressure gas in the piston channel 20 for pushing the piston cylinder top wall 7 upwards is set as F1, and the elastic force of the second spring 13 for pushing the annular limiting inner edge 12 downwards is set as F2; the weight of the sampling cup 11 and the hauling rope 30 is ignored in the inequality, and the change range of F2 is determined because F, G is relatively constant, so that the inequality can be satisfied by controlling F1 to be large enough in theory, the piston cylinder top wall 7 can be pushed upwards enough, and the original air pressure in the high-pressure air accumulator 3 can be satisfied when the device is designed;
because the top wall 7 of the piston cylinder is rigidly connected with the cup cover 16 through the piston cylinder 17, the cup cover 16 can be separated from the upper end of the sampling cup 11 under the action of the upward pushing of the top wall 7 of the piston cylinder by the air pressure in the piston channel 20, so that the second spring 13 is further compressed, and after the cup cover 16 is separated from the sampling cup 11 upward, the upper end of the original airtight negative pressure sampling bin 10 is exposed in the deepest soft sludge, so that the deepest soft sludge rapidly floods into the negative pressure sampling bin 10 under the action of negative pressure, and the sampling of the deepest soft sludge is realized; as in fig. 7:
since a part of the gas in the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 is extruded into the piston channel 20 through the second gas guide channel 8, the gas pressure sensor in the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 recognizes that the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 is obviously reduced, when the gas pressure sensor in the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 recognizes that the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 is obviously reduced, the electric valve 28 is opened after 3 to 5 seconds, so that the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 and the piston channel 20 are directly communicated with the external water environmental pressure through the first gas guide channel 26, so that the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin 3 and the piston channel 20 is rapidly discharged from the electric valve 28 to the outside in the form of bubbles through the first gas guide channel 26, the device can be judged to be sampling according to the fact that a large amount of bubbles suddenly emerge from the water surface by personnel on the bank, along with the fact that high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas accumulation bin 3 and the piston channel 20 is gradually extruded to the outside, the pressure in the piston channel 20 is gradually consistent with the external water body environment pressure, when the pressure in the piston channel 20 is consistent with the external water body environment pressure, the piston 9 only presses the upward strong thrust of the second spring 13 in a compressed state and the downward gravity of the sampling cup 11, at the moment, the piston 9 can push the sampling cup 11 upwards against the gravity of the sampling cup 11 under the upward pushing of the second spring 13 so that the sampling cup 11 moves upwards along with the cup cover 16, and the sampling cup 11 and the cup cover 16 are recombined into a whole; and then the negative pressure sampling bin 10 filled with the sludge sample is restored to a closed state; finally, the shoreside personnel pulls the device back up to the water surface through the hanging haulage rope 30, and at this time, the shoreside personnel opens the negative pressure sampling bin 10 to obtain the deepest silt sample.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. Detection sampling system of volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds in soil, its characterized in that: the lake bottom bullet soil sampler comprises a lake bottom bullet soil sampler (32) which takes the shape of a bullet with a tip end facing downwards vertically, a vertical lifter (31) which can drive the lake bottom bullet soil sampler (32) to lift up and down is arranged right above the lake bottom bullet soil sampler (32), a horizontal silt surface falling disk (35) is arranged below the lake bottom bullet soil sampler (32), and a bullet soil sampler penetrating hole (38) is hollowed out in the geometric center of the silt surface falling disk (35);
when the lower surface of the silt surface falling plate (35) contacts the silt surface at the lake bottom, the silt surface supports the silt surface falling plate (35) upwards, and the lifter (31) can drive the bullet soil sampler (32) at the lake bottom to downwards penetrate through the bullet soil sampler penetrating hole (38) and downwards insert into a silt layer at the lake bottom;
the upper surface of the silt surface falling plate (35) is fixedly connected with a plurality of counterweights (34) in a circumferential array along the geometric center, and the upper end of each counterweight (34) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the shell of the lifter (31) through a rigid connecting rod (33); the lifting device further comprises a hanging traction rope (30), wherein the lower end of the hanging traction rope (30) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the shell of the lifter (31);
the lake bottom bullet soil sampler (32) comprises a sampling cup (11) with a conical lower end, wherein the upper side coaxial center of the sampling cup (11) is covered with a cup cover (16), the coaxial center of the upper end peripheral wall (14) of the sampling cup (11) is provided with a first O-shaped sealing ring (50), the lower side edge outline of the cup cover (16) is integrally provided with a ring wall (15), and the inner wall of the ring wall (15) is in sealing fit with the upper end outer wall of the sampling cup (11) through the first O-shaped sealing ring (50), so that a negative pressure sampling bin (10) which is airtight and negative pressure is formed inside a combination body formed by the sampling cup (11) and the cup cover (16);
the upper side of the cup cover (16) is connected with a vertical outer cylinder (5) along the outline integration coaxial center;
the high-pressure gas storage tank (25) is coaxially arranged at the upper end in the cylinder of the outer cylinder body (5), a high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin (3) is coaxially arranged in the high-pressure gas storage tank (25), and the high-pressure gas storage tank (25) comprises a tank body upper wall (2) and a tank body lower wall (22); a spring bin (18) is formed between the lower wall (22) of the box body and the cup cover (16); an annular pressure balance channel (24) is formed between the outer wall of the high-pressure gas storage box (25) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder body (5), and the annular pressure balance channel (24) is used for communicating the spring bin (18) with the outside, so that the spring bin (18) is always consistent with the ambient pressure; a first spring (19) is coaxially arranged in the spring bin (18), and the upper end and the lower end of the first spring (19) respectively elastically push against the lower wall (22) of the box body and the cup cover (16);
a cross arm (37) is fixedly connected to the lower end of a lifting rod (74) of the lifter (31), and the cross arm (37) is fixedly connected with the upper wall (2) of the box body through a fixing rod (1); so that the lifter (31) drives the high-pressure gas storage tank (25) to move up and down through the lifting rod (74);
the integrated coaxial center at the axis of the cup cover (16) is provided with a vertical piston cylinder (17), and the upper end and the lower end of the piston cylinder (17) respectively extend into a spring bin (18) and a negative pressure sampling bin (10); the inside of the piston cylinder (17) is provided with a piston channel (20), a piston (9) is arranged in the piston channel (20), the lower end of the piston (9) is connected with a piston rod (60) extending downwards, and the lower end of the piston rod (60) is fixedly connected with the sampling cup (11) in a coaxial manner; an annular limiting inner edge (12) is integrally arranged on the inner wall of the lower end of the piston cylinder (17), a second spring (13) is coaxially arranged between the annular limiting inner edge (12) and the piston (9), and the upper end of the second spring (13) elastically pushes against the piston (9); the upper end of the piston cylinder (17) is integrally provided with a piston cylinder top wall (7), and the upper end of the piston cylinder top wall (7) is coaxially and integrally connected with an upward extending air guide rod (23); a stroke distance (100) exists between the top wall (7) of the piston cylinder and the lower wall (22) of the box body;
the axle centers of the upper wall (2) and the lower wall (22) of the box body are respectively communicated with an upper rod body penetrating channel (29) and a lower rod body penetrating channel (21) in a coaxial mode; the air guide rod (23) coaxially penetrates through the upper rod body penetrating channel (29) and the lower rod body penetrating channel (21); two second O-shaped sealing rings (40) are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner wall of the upper rod body penetrating through the channel (29); two third O-shaped sealing rings (39) are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the inner wall of the lower rod body penetrating through the channel (21); the two second O-shaped sealing rings (40) and the two third O-shaped sealing rings (39) are in sliding sealing fit with the outer wall of the air guide rod (23);
a first air guide channel (26) is arranged in the upper half section of the air guide rod (23) along the length direction, an air inlet (4) at the lower end A of the first air guide channel (26) penetrates out of the outer wall surface of the air guide rod (23) and is communicated with the high-pressure air accumulation bin (3), and even if the top wall (7) of the piston cylinder relatively rises to be contacted with the lower surface of the lower wall (22) of the box body, the air inlet (4) is still communicated with the high-pressure air accumulation bin (3); the upper end of the air guide rod (23) is fixedly connected with a valve mounting seat (27), and the lower end surface of the valve mounting seat (27) is in limit contact with the upper surface of the upper wall (2) of the box body, so that the first spring (19) can be kept in a compressed state; an electric valve (28) in a closed state is arranged in the valve mounting seat (27), and when the electric valve (28) is opened, the upper end of the first air guide channel (26) is communicated with the outside through the electric valve (28);
a second air guide channel (8) is arranged in the lower half section of the air guide rod (23) along the length direction, the lower end of the second air guide channel (8) is communicated with the upper end of the piston channel (20), and an air inlet (6) at the upper end B of the second air guide channel (8) penetrates out of the outer wall surface of the air guide rod (23) and is sealed between the two third O-shaped sealing rings (39); when the top wall (7) of the piston cylinder relatively rises to contact with the lower surface of the lower wall (22) of the box body, the air inlet B (6) is communicated with the high-pressure air pressure accumulation bin (3); when the air inlet (6) of the B is communicated with the high-pressure air pressure accumulation bin (3), high air pressure in the high-pressure air pressure accumulation bin (3) can be transmitted to the piston channel (20) through the second air guide channel (8), so that air pressure in the piston channel (20) rises instantaneously, and the piston (9) and the top wall (7) of the piston cylinder are driven to move away from each other.
2. The system for detecting and sampling volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds in soil according to claim 1, wherein: the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin (3) is internally provided with a gas pressure sensor, and when the gas pressure sensor recognizes that the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin (3) is suddenly and obviously reduced, the electric valve (28) is controlled to be opened after 3 to 5 seconds.
3. The system for detecting and sampling volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds in soil according to claim 2, wherein: the pressure of the high-pressure gas stored in the high-pressure gas pressure accumulation bin (3) exceeds 300kPa.
4. A system for detecting and sampling volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds in soil according to claim 3, wherein:
the device is integrally put into lake water until the lower surface of a silt surface falling disc (35) of the device falls and contacts the silt surface of the lake bottom, and a lifting rod (74) of a lifter (31) is controlled to gradually extend downwards;
the personnel on the bank suddenly emit a large amount of bubbles according to the water surface to judge that the device is sampling, and finally the personnel on the bank upwards pull the device back to the water surface through hanging a traction rope (30), and then the personnel on the bank open a negative pressure sampling bin (10) to obtain the deepest silt sample.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111672202.7A CN114323794B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Detection sampling system for volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds in soil |
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| CN202111672202.7A CN114323794B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Detection sampling system for volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds in soil |
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| AU491066B2 (en) * | 1974-03-14 | 1975-09-18 | Fa. P. Mo | A sampler for extracting core samples |
| US3950999A (en) * | 1975-08-06 | 1976-04-20 | Edwards Vernon T | Sampling apparatus for liquids |
| CA1288684C (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1991-09-10 | Owen T. Krauss | Tandem actuation device |
| JP2002054129A (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2002-02-20 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Sampling apparatus for soil, etc., and sampling method for the same |
| RU42063U1 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2004-11-20 | Гаранько Юрий Леонидович | MULTI-BASED VACUUM-PNEUMATIC BOTTOM DEPOSITION SAMPLER |
| CN109632377A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉软件工程职业学院(武汉市广播电视大学) | A kind of silt from the bottom of lake sampler and its acquisition method |
| CN110055074A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-26 | 陆炯 | System and its restorative procedure for soil enrichment formula reparation |
| CN111044325A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 江苏格林勒斯检测科技有限公司 | Sampling system for laboratory soil pollutant concentration detection and analysis |
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2021
- 2021-12-31 CN CN202111672202.7A patent/CN114323794B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU491066B2 (en) * | 1974-03-14 | 1975-09-18 | Fa. P. Mo | A sampler for extracting core samples |
| US3950999A (en) * | 1975-08-06 | 1976-04-20 | Edwards Vernon T | Sampling apparatus for liquids |
| CA1288684C (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1991-09-10 | Owen T. Krauss | Tandem actuation device |
| JP2002054129A (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2002-02-20 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Sampling apparatus for soil, etc., and sampling method for the same |
| RU42063U1 (en) * | 2004-08-24 | 2004-11-20 | Гаранько Юрий Леонидович | MULTI-BASED VACUUM-PNEUMATIC BOTTOM DEPOSITION SAMPLER |
| CN109632377A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉软件工程职业学院(武汉市广播电视大学) | A kind of silt from the bottom of lake sampler and its acquisition method |
| CN110055074A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-26 | 陆炯 | System and its restorative procedure for soil enrichment formula reparation |
| CN111044325A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 江苏格林勒斯检测科技有限公司 | Sampling system for laboratory soil pollutant concentration detection and analysis |
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| CN114323794A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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