CN114323313A - Imaging method and system based on ICCD camera - Google Patents
Imaging method and system based on ICCD camera Download PDFInfo
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- CN114323313A CN114323313A CN202111599145.4A CN202111599145A CN114323313A CN 114323313 A CN114323313 A CN 114323313A CN 202111599145 A CN202111599145 A CN 202111599145A CN 114323313 A CN114323313 A CN 114323313A
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Abstract
The invention provides an imaging method and system based on an ICCD camera, wherein the method comprises the steps that a processor receives an image acquisition instruction input from the outside and sends a shooting instruction to a light source device and the ICCD camera; the light source equipment emits irradiation light according to the shooting instruction and the preset shooting parameters; the first reflector changes the light path of the irradiating light and irradiates the irradiating light to the light splitter; the light splitter performs light splitting processing on the irradiated light to obtain first branched light and second branched light; the second reflector and the third reflector respectively perform optical path changing treatment on the first shunt light and the second shunt light to obtain first reflected light and second reflected light; the diffuser performs diffusion processing on the first reflected light and the second reflected light to obtain diffused light; the neutral filter filters the diffused light to obtain filtered illumination light for illuminating a target scene; and the ICCD camera acquires images of the target scene according to the shooting instruction and the preset shooting parameters to obtain image data of the target scene.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of data processing, in particular to an imaging system based on an ICCD camera.
Background
Time-of-flight imaging of ultrafast and low-light events, in which a return signal is correlated with an output laser pulse to provide time-of-flight information, is widely used with time-of-flight correlation single photon counting imaging techniques. These techniques are used for applications such as 3D ranging and underwater depth imaging, requiring ultra-high time resolution and low light energy cameras, such as single photon avalanche diode arrays or stripe cameras or ICCD (Intensified charged-coupled device) cameras.
The fringe camera has the highest temporal resolution, which can be achieved in the femtosecond range, but this is limited to measurements in one spatial dimension. Therefore, in order to construct and image a 2D scene, the streak camera also requires additional moving parts, such as scanning elements, to perform multiple measurements in additional spatial dimensions.
Recently, complementary metal oxide semiconductor spatial light quantum image sensors using range gating also enable 3D reconstruction of target scenes with millimeter depth resolution.
Another widely used sub-nanosecond time-resolved camera is ICCD. The main advantages of an ICCD camera are its wide commercial availability, low cost and array format with high pixel count. ICCD cameras are used for time-of-flight measurements, with gating and low-light detection capabilities for ghost imaging, underwater and 3D imaging, vehicle-mounted night vision systems, biomedical applications, and single-photon time-of-flight measurements and general lidar measurements.
These and other applications rely on unique temporal resolution and low light detection provided by modern camera technology. Looking around, picosecond resolution is required to be able to not only image the features of an object, but also to be able to track the motion of the object. Therefore, using a temporal resolution on the order of tens of picoseconds is crucial for locating hidden objects on a time scale that allows tracking of their trajectories. Furthermore, the measurement accuracy of 3D scenes in or out of direct line of sight depends directly on the time resolution. The study of some protein-protein interactions by lifetime imaging is limited by the temporal resolution of the available cameras. Currently, ICCDs with a temporal resolution of 200ps cannot separate components that decay bi-exponentially. Accordingly, there is a continuing effort to improve the temporal performance of these cameras.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides an imaging system based on an ICCD camera, which utilizes a time correlation gain curve of an ICCD camera intensifier to improve the time resolution of the camera by more than 20 times. And the system does not need post-calculation processing or any sparsity constraint, so that the ICCD camera becomes an alternative to a stripe camera and the like.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides in a first aspect an imaging method based on an ICCD camera, comprising a processor receiving an externally input image acquisition instruction, sending a shooting instruction to a light source device and the ICCD camera;
the light source equipment emits irradiation light according to the shooting instruction and the preset shooting parameters;
the first reflector changes the light path of the irradiating light and irradiates the irradiating light to the light splitter;
the light splitter performs light splitting processing on the irradiated light to obtain first branched light and second branched light;
the second reflector carries out light path changing processing on the first shunt light to obtain first reflected light;
the third reflector performs light path changing processing on the second shunt light to obtain second reflected light;
the diffuser performs diffusion processing on the first reflected light and the second reflected light to obtain diffused light;
the neutral filter filters the diffused light to obtain filtered and irradiated light;
filtering the illuminating light to illuminate the target scene;
and the ICCD camera acquires images of the target scene according to the shooting instruction and the preset shooting parameters to obtain image data of the target scene.
Further, the method further comprises the ICCD sending the image data to a processor;
the processor performs data analysis processing on the image data to obtain image display data;
the processor sends the image display data to the display equipment;
and the display equipment performs image display according to the image display data.
Further, the method further comprises the light source device being a pulsed light emitter;
the preset shooting parameters include a preset pulse duration and a preset repetition frequency.
Further, the method further comprises presetting the pulse time to be 140 picoseconds and the repetition frequency to be 80 megahertz.
Further, the method may further comprise the ICCD camera having a minimum time gate of 200 picoseconds.
Further, the method further comprises a quantum efficiency of 8% for the ICCD camera.
Further, the method further comprises the ICCD camera including an enhancer, and the maximum repetition frequency of the enhancer is 1 MHz.
The invention provides in a second aspect an ICCD camera based imaging system comprising a processor, a light source device, a beam splitter, a first mirror, a second mirror, a third mirror, a diffuser, a neutral filter and an ICCD camera;
the processor is used for receiving an image acquisition instruction input from the outside and sending a shooting instruction to the light source equipment and the ICCD camera;
the light source equipment is used for emitting irradiation light according to the shooting instruction and the preset shooting parameters;
the first reflector is used for irradiating the light splitter after the light path of the irradiated light is changed;
the optical splitter is used for performing optical splitting treatment on the irradiated light to obtain first branched light and second branched light;
the second reflector is used for carrying out light path change processing on the first shunt light to obtain first reflected light;
the third reflector is used for carrying out light path change processing on the second shunt light to obtain second reflected light;
the diffuser performs diffusion processing on the first reflected light and the second reflected light to obtain diffused light;
the neutral filter filters the diffused light to obtain filtered and irradiated light;
filtering the illuminating light to illuminate the target scene;
and the ICCD camera is used for carrying out image acquisition on the target scene according to the shooting instruction and the preset shooting parameters to obtain the image data of the target scene.
Further, the ICCD camera based imaging system further comprises a display device;
the ICCD sends the image data to the processor;
the processor performs data analysis processing on the image data to obtain image display data;
the processor sends the image display data to the display equipment;
and the display equipment is used for displaying the image according to the image display data.
The embodiment of the invention provides an imaging method and system based on an ICCD camera, which can improve the time resolution of the camera by more than 20 times by utilizing a time-dependent gain curve of an ICCD camera intensifier. And the method does not need any sparsity constraint after calculation, so that the ICCD camera becomes an alternative of a stripe camera and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an ICCD camera-based imaging system provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of an imaging method based on an ICCD camera according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only the portions related to the related invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, an ICCD camera-based imaging system of the present invention is first described, and fig. 1 is a block diagram of an ICCD camera-based imaging system provided in the present invention, and as shown in the figure, the system includes:
processor 1, light source device 2, beam splitter 3, first mirror 4, second mirror 5, third mirror 6, diffuser 9, neutral density filter 7, and ICCD camera 8.
And the processor 1 is used for receiving an image acquisition instruction input from the outside and sending a shooting instruction to the light source equipment and the ICCD camera 8.
And the light source device 2 is used for emitting irradiation light according to the shooting instruction and the preset shooting parameters.
It should be noted that the processor 1 is communicatively connected to the light source device 2, and the processor 1 is communicatively connected to the ICCD camera 8. For example, the connection is performed in a wired communication mode, a bluetooth communication mode, a wireless network mode, and the like.
In a specific example of the embodiment of the present invention, the processor 1 and the light source device 2 are communicatively connected by using a wireless network, and the processor 1 and the ICCD camera 8 are communicatively connected by using a wireless network. This facilitates the positioning of the processor in physical space with the light source device and the ICCD camera and also maintains the communication relationship with each other.
The first reflector 4 is used for irradiating the spectroscope after changing the optical path of the irradiated light.
And a spectroscope 3 for performing a spectroscopic treatment on the irradiated light to obtain a first branched light and a second branched light.
And the second reflecting mirror 5 is used for carrying out light path change processing on the first shunt light to obtain first reflected light. Wherein, the second reflector 5 is adjustable, so that the transmission path of the reflected light can be flexibly adjusted. The second reflector 5 is provided with an automatic controller, and the automatic controller adjusts the second reflector 5 according to a preset control mode. The preset control mode comprises the steps of adjusting according to a preset frequency and a specific angle conversion mode, or randomly adjusting the angle within an adjustable range according to the preset frequency.
And the third reflector 6 is used for carrying out light path change processing on the second shunt light to obtain second reflected light.
And a diffuser 9 for diffusing the first reflected light and the second reflected light to obtain diffused light.
A neutral filter 7 for filtering the diffused light to obtain filtered illumination light; the filtered illumination light illuminates the target scene.
And the ICCD camera 8 is used for carrying out image acquisition on the target scene according to the preset shooting parameters to obtain the image data of the target scene.
The imaging system user of the invention can carry out physical layout on the device of the imaging system of the invention according to the target scene and the target object condition to be imaged. All parts in the system are reasonably arranged in a physical space for acquiring the target scene image.
When the components are arranged, attention is paid to ensure that the irradiating light emitted by the light source equipment can be incident to the first reflector 4, so that the purpose that the first reflector can change the light path of the irradiating light is achieved, and the irradiating light changed by the light path can be incident to the optical splitter, so that the irradiating light can be divided into two paths of different first and second branch light by the optical splitter. The second reflecting mirror 5, the third reflecting mirror and the neutral optical filter are arranged, and the requirements are met, the second reflecting mirror 5 can receive first shunt light, the third reflecting mirror 6 can receive second shunt light, and both the first reflected light and the second reflected light after the light path change processing is carried out on the first reflected light and the second shunt light can be incident to the neutral optical filter 7, so that the neutral optical filter 7 can respectively carry out filtering processing on the first reflected light and the second reflected light, the paths of the processed first irradiation light and the processed second irradiation light are not completely overlapped, and the first irradiation light and the second irradiation light can be guaranteed to irradiate to the target scene within a range. Due to the adjustability of the second mirror 5, the adjustment of the range of light impinging on the target scene is accomplished by changing the angle of the second mirror 5.
In an optional scheme of the invention, the imaging system based on the ICCD camera further comprises a display device, wherein the display device is in communication connection with the processor, and the communication connection mode comprises a wireless communication connection mode and a limited communication connection mode. In the embodiment of the invention, a wireless communication connection mode is selected for connecting the processor and the display.
After the ICCD camera acquires the image data of the target scene, performing data analysis processing on the image data to generate image display data capable of being displayed on display equipment; the image display data may be of an image data type in which an image can be visually displayed, or of a data type such as a data analysis graph that can be read by a professional.
If the image display data is of an image data type capable of visually displaying the image, the processor sends the image display data to the display device, and then the display device displays the image in a visual graphic display mode. If the image display data is of a data type which is suitable for a professional to view and read, the real-world device performs content presentation in a corresponding mode. When the device is used in the field of medical image imaging, the device is processed into the type of data which can be analyzed and read by medical staff through a response data processing method.
The imaging system based on the ICCD camera provided in the embodiment of the present invention is described above, and the imaging method based on the ICCD camera provided in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below based on the imaging system. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an imaging method based on an ICCD camera according to the present invention, and as shown in the figure, the method includes:
and step 101, the processor receives an image acquisition instruction input from the outside and sends a shooting instruction to the light source equipment and the ICCD camera.
Specifically, the image capture instruction input from the outside may be an instruction input manually by pressing a button or an instruction input through an input device of the processor, and after receiving the image capture instruction, the processor sends a shooting instruction to the light source device and the ICCD camera which are in communication connection with the processor.
It should be noted that this step is performed after the components in the imaging system provided by the present invention are set in the physical space of the target scene.
And 102, the light source equipment emits irradiation light according to the shooting instruction and the preset shooting parameters.
Specifically, after receiving the shooting instruction, the light source device acquires preset shooting parameters, and then starts to emit irradiation light according to the preset shooting parameters.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light source device is a pulsed light emitter, and the preset shooting parameters include a preset pulse duration and a preset repetition frequency.
In one specific example of the embodiment of the present invention, the light source device used was a titanium sapphire femtosecond laser oscillator having a pulse time of 140 picoseconds, a repetition rate of 80 mhz, and a wavelength of irradiation light emitted therefrom of 810 nm.
And 103, the first reflecting mirror changes the light path of the irradiating light and irradiates the irradiating light to the light splitter.
Specifically, the first reflector, after receiving the illumination light emitted by the light source device, performs reflection processing on the illumination light, and reflects the illumination light to the optical splitter.
It should be noted that, according to the arrangement of the components in the imaging system of the present invention, the first reflecting mirror is arranged to ensure that the reflected light thereof can be substantially perpendicularly incident on the beam splitter.
And 104, performing light splitting treatment on the irradiated light by the light splitter to obtain first branched light and second branched light.
Specifically, the optical splitter performs optical splitting processing on the irradiated light after receiving the irradiated light emitted by the first reflector, and splits the irradiated light into two paths of light which are not communicated, namely, a first path light and a second path light.
And 105, the second reflector performs light path changing processing on the first shunt light to obtain first reflected light.
Specifically, the first branched light obtained by splitting by the splitter is incident to the second reflecting mirror, so that the second reflecting mirror changes the light path of the first branched light, and then the first reflected light obtained by reflection can be incident to the medium-sized filter.
According to the arrangement of the layout of all the components of the system, the second reflecting mirror can reflect the first reflected light to the medium-sized filter, and the angle of the second reflecting mirror can be adjusted in an automatic control mode, so that the change of the angle of the first reflected light incident to the neutral filter is completed, and the different areas of the target scene are further changed.
And 106, performing light path change processing on the second shunt light by using a third reflector to obtain second reflected light.
Specifically, the second branch light split by the beam splitter is incident to the third reflector, so that the third reflector changes the light path of the second branch light, and then the second reflected light obtained after reflection can be incident to the medium-sized filter.
In step 107, the diffuser performs diffusion processing on the first reflected light and the second reflected light to obtain diffused light.
Specifically, the first reflected light and the second reflected light reflected by the second reflecting mirror and the third reflecting mirror enter the diffuser, and are diffused by the diffuser to form a beam of diffused light with an enlarged irradiation area.
And step 108, filtering the diffused light by using a neutral filter to obtain filtering illumination light.
Specifically, the diffused light is incident to the neutral filter to filter out interference light mixed in the transmission process of the irradiation light, so that the interference in the imaging process is avoided as much as possible.
And step 110, the ICCD camera acquires an image of the target scene according to the shooting instruction and the preset shooting parameters to obtain image data of the target scene.
Specifically, after receiving the shooting instruction sent by the processor, the ICCD camera shoots a target scene or a target object according to preset shooting parameters to generate image data of the target scene.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an ICCD camera is used that includes an intensifier; and the minimum time gate of the ICCD camera is 200 picoseconds, and the quantum efficiency is 8%. The maximum repetition frequency of the booster is 1 MHz.
In a preferred scheme of the invention, the ICCD sends image data generated by shooting a target scene to the processor, and the processor performs data analysis processing on the image data to obtain image display data. The processor sends the image display data to the display device. And the display equipment performs image display according to the image display data.
The embodiment of the invention provides an imaging method and system based on an ICCD camera, which can improve the time resolution of the camera by more than 20 times by utilizing a time-dependent gain curve of an ICCD camera intensifier. And the system does not need post-calculation processing or any sparsity constraint, so that the ICCD camera becomes an alternative to a stripe camera and the like.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative components and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that the various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality in order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. A software module may reside in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
The above embodiments are provided to further explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, it should be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An imaging method based on an ICCD camera is characterized in that a processor receives an image acquisition instruction input from the outside and sends a shooting instruction to light source equipment and the ICCD camera;
the light source equipment emits irradiation light according to the shooting instruction and preset shooting parameters;
the first reflector changes the light path of the irradiation light and irradiates the irradiation light to the optical splitter;
the optical splitter performs optical splitting processing on the irradiated light to obtain first branched light and second branched light;
the second reflector carries out light path changing treatment on the first shunt light to obtain first reflected light;
the third reflector performs light path changing processing on the second shunt light to obtain second reflected light;
the diffuser performs diffusion processing on the first reflected light and the second reflected light to obtain diffused light;
filtering the diffused light by a neutral filter to obtain filtering illumination light;
the filtering illumination light illuminates a target scene;
and the ICCD camera acquires an image of a target scene according to the shooting instruction and the preset shooting parameters to obtain image data of the target scene.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the ICCD sending the image data to the processor;
the processor performs data analysis processing on the image data to obtain image display data;
the processor sends the image display data to a display device;
and the display equipment performs image display according to the image display data.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the light source device being a pulsed light emitter;
the preset shooting parameters include a preset pulse duration and a preset repetition frequency.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising the predetermined pulse time being 140 picoseconds and the predetermined repetition frequency being 80 MHz.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising a minimum time gate of 200 picoseconds for the ICCD camera.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising a quantum efficiency of 8% for the ICCD camera.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising the ICCD camera including a booster, and wherein the booster has a maximum repetition frequency of 1 MHz.
8. An ICCD camera-based imaging system, characterized in that the imaging system comprises a processor, a light source device, a beam splitter, a first reflector, a second reflector, a third reflector, a diffuser, a neutral density filter and an ICCD camera;
the processor is used for receiving an image acquisition instruction input from the outside and sending a shooting instruction to the light source equipment and the ICCD camera;
the light source equipment is used for emitting irradiation light according to the shooting instruction and preset shooting parameters;
the first reflector is used for irradiating the irradiating light to the optical splitter after the light path of the irradiating light is changed;
the optical splitter is used for performing optical splitting processing on the irradiated light to obtain first branched light and second branched light;
the second reflector is used for carrying out light path change processing on the first shunt light to obtain first reflected light;
the third reflector is used for carrying out light path change processing on the second shunt light to obtain second reflected light;
the diffuser is used for diffusing the first reflected light and the second reflected light to obtain diffused light;
the neutral filter is used for filtering the diffused light to obtain filtering illumination light;
the filtering illumination light illuminates a target scene;
the ICCD camera is used for carrying out image acquisition on a target scene according to the shooting instruction and the preset shooting parameters to obtain image data of the target scene.
9. The imaging system of claim 8, further comprising a display device;
the ICCD sends the image data to the processor;
the processor performs data analysis processing on the image data to obtain image display data;
the processor sends the image display data to a display device;
and the display equipment is used for displaying images according to the image display data.
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