CN114323111A - Methane emission monitoring system and method for oil-gas field development - Google Patents

Methane emission monitoring system and method for oil-gas field development Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114323111A
CN114323111A CN202011076491.XA CN202011076491A CN114323111A CN 114323111 A CN114323111 A CN 114323111A CN 202011076491 A CN202011076491 A CN 202011076491A CN 114323111 A CN114323111 A CN 114323111A
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gas
methane
oil
detection
emission
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翁艺斌
吴百春
李兴春
崔翔宇
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology Co Ltd
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for monitoring methane emission in oil and gas field development, wherein the system comprises: the detection module of the oil and gas production station is used for adopting a portable detection means to carry out methane emission detection on various devices and pipelines in the ground process flow of an oil and gas production well, a cluster well and a wellhead; the detection module of the oil gas gathering and transportation processing station is used for adopting a fixed detection means and quantitative detection equipment to detect methane emission of various equipment and pipelines in the process flow of the oil gas transferring, processing and gathering and transportation functional stations; and the methane monitoring information platform is used for carrying out centralized statistics, summarization and visual display on the methane detection data detected by the oil and gas production station detection module and the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station detection module. The invention realizes the real-time acquisition of methane detection data and the accurate monitoring of methane emission activities in the development process of the oil and gas field, masters the methane emission characteristics and rules in the development process of the oil and gas field and provides technical support for the methane control of the oil and gas field.

Description

Methane emission monitoring system and method for oil-gas field development
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of methane gas emission monitoring, in particular to a system and a method for monitoring methane emission in oil and gas field development.
Background
Methane is a strong short-term greenhouse gas, has a contribution rate of about 1/4 to our current global warming, and reducing methane emission is the best means for short-term control of climate warming. The oil and gas industry has about one third of the known total methane emissions, with upstream oil and gas development processes accounting for about 75% of the methane emissions. The International Energy Agency (IEA) states that the natural gas lost due to methane emissions in the global oil and gas industry accounts for 8% of the total production, with 40-50% of methane emissions achieving zero cost reduction. Effective control of light hydrocarbon resources such as methane and the like can improve the utilization efficiency of fossil energy to a certain extent and make up for development cost. In addition, the academia agreed that reducing methane emissions was the best means of short-term control of climate warming. Methane emission control in the oil and gas development process has become a global development requirement and trend that the oil and gas industry changes from high carbon to low carbon in the world at present.
The construction of the methane emission monitoring system is the most basic and the most important work for realizing the effective management and control of methane. During the development and utilization of oil and gas, the main gas component, namely methane gas, escapes or is discharged into the atmosphere due to various operations, equipment, human beings and the like. Meanwhile, the oil and gas development process flow is complex, the production chain is long, a scientific and effective methane emission monitoring system is lacked, the uncertainty of methane emission factors of process equipment facilities is high, so that the methane emission quantity in oil and gas field development is low, and the corresponding statistical accounting method is difficult to accurately evaluate the methane emission control effect of enterprises.
In recent years, the research direction of methane gas detection technology has been differentiated, on one hand, the research direction is developed to solve the quantification of gas detection, and some new degassing and detecting instruments and interpretation methods are developed; on the other hand, the evaluation function of methane gas detection is weakened, the safety function is highlighted, the detection precision is reduced, auxiliary accessories are reduced, the field instrument is transited, and some detection methods which are not applied before are also applied to field detection again. In the aspect of the construction of a methane gas emission detection system, particularly an online methane gas emission monitoring system combining methane gas emission monitoring in areas such as an oil and gas production well site and an oil and gas treatment station, a blank still exists.
In order to realize effective control of methane in the oil-gas field and comprehensively and accurately monitor the methane emission condition, the method is a basic work for well controlling and reducing the methane emission. The method is based on a coupling mature and advanced detection technical means, constructs a methane emission monitoring system of an oil and gas field, realizes true, accurate and complete methane detection data, is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present, and is a work which needs to be developed urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one technical problem in the background art, the invention provides a methane emission monitoring system and method for oil and gas field development.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a field development methane emission monitoring system, comprising: the system comprises an oil gas production station detection module, an oil gas gathering and transportation processing station detection module and a methane monitoring information platform;
the detection module of the oil and gas production station is used for detecting methane emission of various equipment and pipelines in the ground process flow of an oil and gas production well, a cluster well and a wellhead by adopting a portable detection means;
the detection module of the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station is used for detecting methane emission of various devices and pipelines in the process flow of the oil and gas transferring, processing and gathering and transportation functional station by adopting a fixed detection means and quantitative detection equipment;
and the methane monitoring information platform is used for carrying out centralized statistics, summarization and visual display on the methane detection data detected by the oil and gas production station detection module and the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station detection module.
Optionally, the portable detection means comprises a qualitative detection instrument and a quantitative detection device; the qualitative detection instrument comprises: an infrared imaging detection instrument; the quantitative detection apparatus includes: the gas concentration measuring device comprises a gas collecting device, a gas flowmeter and a gas concentration measuring instrument.
Optionally, the fixed detection means includes methane emission qualitative detection and gas tracing; the quantitative detection equipment is used for carrying out quantitative detection on methane emission on the emission source after fixed detection means is adopted to find the site methane emission and trace the source to determine the emission source.
Optionally, the quantitative detection device comprises: the gas concentration measuring device comprises a gas collecting device, a gas flowmeter and a gas concentration measuring instrument.
Optionally, the methane monitoring information platform includes: a data online transmission system;
and the data online transmission system is used for accessing the methane detection data of the oil and gas production station detection module in a wireless transmission mode and accessing the methane detection data of the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station detection module in a wired transmission mode.
Optionally, the methane monitoring information platform includes: an area online monitoring system;
and the regional online monitoring system is used for alarming when determining that the methane emission is abnormal according to the methane detection data.
In order to achieve the above object, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a methane emission monitoring method for oil and gas field development, the method comprising:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out methane emission detection on various devices and pipelines in the ground process flow of an oil-gas production well, a cluster well and a wellhead by adopting a portable detection means;
adopting a fixed detection means and quantitative detection equipment to detect methane emission of various equipment and pipelines in the process flow of the oil-gas transfer, treatment and gathering functional station;
and carrying out centralized statistics, summarization and visual display on the detected methane detection data.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system and the method for monitoring methane emission in oil and gas field development realize real-time acquisition of methane detection data and accurate monitoring of methane emission activities in the oil and gas field development process, master the methane emission characteristics and rules in the oil and gas field development process, and provide technical support for oil and gas field methane control.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a methane emission monitoring system for oil and gas field development according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a methane monitoring information platform according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a monitoring method for methane emission in oil and gas field development according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-described drawings, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a monitoring system for methane emission in oil and gas field development according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the monitoring system for methane emission in oil and gas field development according to the embodiment includes: the system comprises an oil gas production station detection module, an oil gas gathering and transportation processing station detection module and a methane monitoring information platform; the oil gas production station detection module and the oil gas gathering and transportation processing station detection module are connected with the methane monitoring information platform through a network.
The detection module of the oil and gas production station is used for detecting methane emission of various devices and pipelines in the ground process flow of an oil and gas production well, a cluster well and a wellhead by adopting a portable detection means.
The detection module of the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station is used for detecting methane emission of various devices and pipelines in the process flow of the oil and gas transferring, processing and gathering and transportation functional station by adopting a fixed detection means and quantitative detection equipment.
And the methane monitoring information platform is used for carrying out centralized statistics, summarization and visual display on the methane detection data detected by the oil and gas production station detection module and the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station detection module.
In the embodiment of the invention, the detection module of the oil and gas production station and the detection module of the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station send the detected methane detection data to the methane monitoring information platform in real time through a network.
In the embodiment of the invention, the detection module of the oil and gas production station uses a portable detection means to detect methane emission of various devices and pipelines which may generate leakage emission in the oil and gas production wells, cluster wells and wellhead surface process flows. The portable detection means comprises a qualitative detection instrument and a quantitative detection device. The qualitative detection instrument can be an infrared imaging detection instrument, namely a detection instrument mainly based on an infrared imaging technology. The quantitative detection apparatus includes: the gas collection device realizes the collection of leaked gas and takes a bag method as the best; the gas flowmeter has the optimal precision of 0.1; the gas concentration measuring instrument optimally adopts a portable gas chromatograph, and the gas detection precision of the gas concentration measuring instrument is ppb level; the gas flowmeter and the gas concentration measuring instrument can be externally connected with a data acquisition computer.
In the embodiment of the invention, the detection module of the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station uses a fixed detection means and quantitative detection equipment to detect methane emission which is possibly generated by leakage emission in the process flows of the functional stations such as oil and gas transportation, processing, gathering and transportation and the like. The fixed detection means comprises methane emission qualitative detection and gas tracing. The fixed detection means realizes the continuous methane emission monitoring covering the whole station within 7 multiplied by 24 hours, the lower limit of the main gas detection is 2000ppm, and the gas leakage infrared spectrum cloud imaging monitoring technology is preferably adopted for the qualitative detection of the methane emission; the gas tracing technology preferably adopts a gas component concentration inversion technology.
In the detection module of the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station, a fixed detection means and quantitative detection equipment are used; the quantitative detection equipment is among the oil and gas production station detection module quantitative detection equipment, promptly quantitative detection equipment includes: the gas concentration measuring device comprises a gas collecting device, a gas flowmeter and a gas concentration measuring instrument. The quantitative detection equipment is used for quantifying methane emission by adopting the quantitative detection equipment when a fixed detection technical means finds site methane emission and traces to the source to determine the emission source and has an accurate quantitative requirement.
As shown in fig. 2, the methane monitoring information platform includes a data online transmission system, a regional online monitoring system, and a data statistics accounting system.
And the online transmission system is used for accessing the methane detection data of the detection module of the oil and gas production station in a wireless transmission mode and accessing the methane detection data of the detection module of the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station in a wired transmission mode.
The regional online monitoring system is used for visually presenting the methane emission conditions of the oil and gas production, gathering, transportation, treatment and other fields and stations and updating in real time. The regional online monitoring system is also used for alarming when the methane emission is determined to be abnormal according to the methane detection data.
The data statistics accounting system is used for summarizing and inquiring methane detection data and inquiring total amount.
The invention relates to a methane emission monitoring system for oil and gas field development based on a coupling mature and advanced detection technical means.
The invention carries out on-site actual measurement on the methane emission of fields and stations involved in oil gas production, treatment and gathering and transportation, and ensures the 'true' of the methane emission detection data to the maximum extent; the adopted high-precision detection means or instrument can ensure the accurate detection data of methane emission to the maximum extent; and online data transmission is adopted, real-time updating is realized, and the 'full' of methane emission detection data is ensured to the maximum extent. The methane emission detection and monitoring system for oil and gas field development can provide effective data support for well controlling and reducing methane emission.
The embodiments can show that the methane emission detection and monitoring system for oil and gas field development at least has the following outstanding characteristics:
1) the methane emission detection and monitoring system for oil and gas field development establishes a series of intelligent tool sets covering monitoring supervision, pollution tracing, decision evaluation and pollution source supervision.
2) The methane detection module of the invention carries out on-site actual measurement on methane emission of fields and stations involved in oil gas production, processing and gathering and transportation, and guarantees the truth of methane emission detection data to the maximum extent.
3) The invention adopts high-precision detection means or instruments to ensure the accuracy of the methane emission detection data to the maximum extent.
4) The invention adopts on-line data transmission and realizes real-time updating, thereby ensuring the 'full' of the methane emission detection data to the maximum extent.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides an oil and gas field development methane emission monitoring device, which can be used for realizing the oil and gas field development methane emission monitoring method described in the embodiment, as described in the following embodiment. Because the principle of solving the problems of the oil and gas field development methane emission monitoring device is similar to that of the oil and gas field development methane emission monitoring method, the embodiment of the oil and gas field development methane emission monitoring device can be referred to the embodiment of the oil and gas field development methane emission monitoring method, and repeated parts are not described again. As used hereinafter, the term "unit" or "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the means described in the embodiments below are preferably implemented in software, an implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring methane emission in oil and gas field development according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the method for monitoring methane emission in oil and gas field development according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: step S101 to step S103.
S101, performing methane emission detection on various equipment and pipelines in the ground process flow of an oil-gas production well, a cluster well and a wellhead by adopting a portable detection means;
s102, adopting a fixed detection means and quantitative detection equipment to detect methane emission of various equipment and pipelines in the process flow of the oil and gas transfer, treatment and gathering functional station;
and S103, carrying out centralized statistics, summarization and visual display on the detected methane detection data.
In one embodiment of the invention, the portable detection means comprises a qualitative detection instrument and a quantitative detection device; the qualitative detection instrument comprises: an infrared imaging detection instrument; the quantitative detection apparatus includes: the gas concentration measuring device comprises a gas collecting device, a gas flowmeter and a gas concentration measuring instrument.
In one embodiment of the invention, the fixed detection means comprises methane emission qualitative detection and gas tracing; the quantitative detection equipment is used for carrying out quantitative detection on methane emission on an emission source after fixed detection means is adopted to find site methane emission and trace the source to determine the emission source; the quantitative detection apparatus includes: the gas concentration measuring device comprises a gas collecting device, a gas flowmeter and a gas concentration measuring instrument.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A methane emission monitoring system for oil and gas field development, comprising: the system comprises an oil gas production station detection module, an oil gas gathering and transportation processing station detection module and a methane monitoring information platform;
the detection module of the oil and gas production station is used for detecting methane emission of various equipment and pipelines in the ground process flow of an oil and gas production well, a cluster well and a wellhead by adopting a portable detection means;
the detection module of the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station is used for detecting methane emission of various devices and pipelines in the process flow of the oil and gas transferring, processing and gathering and transportation functional station by adopting a fixed detection means and quantitative detection equipment;
and the methane monitoring information platform is used for carrying out centralized statistics, summarization and visual display on the methane detection data detected by the oil and gas production station detection module and the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station detection module.
2. The field development methane emission monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the portable detection means comprises a qualitative detection instrument and a quantitative detection device;
the qualitative detection instrument comprises: an infrared imaging detection instrument;
the quantitative detection apparatus includes: the gas concentration measuring device comprises a gas collecting device, a gas flowmeter and a gas concentration measuring instrument.
3. The field development methane emission monitoring system of claim 1 wherein the stationary detection means includes qualitative detection of methane emission and gas tracing;
the quantitative detection equipment is used for carrying out quantitative detection on methane emission on the emission source after fixed detection means is adopted to find the site methane emission and trace the source to determine the emission source.
4. The field development methane emission monitoring system of claim 3, wherein the quantitative detection device comprises: the gas concentration measuring device comprises a gas collecting device, a gas flowmeter and a gas concentration measuring instrument.
5. The field development methane emission monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the methane monitoring information platform comprises: a data online transmission system;
and the data online transmission system is used for accessing the methane detection data of the oil and gas production station detection module in a wireless transmission mode and accessing the methane detection data of the oil and gas gathering and transportation processing station detection module in a wired transmission mode.
6. The field development methane emission monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the methane monitoring information platform comprises: an area online monitoring system;
and the regional online monitoring system is used for alarming when determining that the methane emission is abnormal according to the methane detection data.
7. A method for monitoring methane emission in oil and gas field development is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out methane emission detection on various devices and pipelines in the ground process flow of an oil-gas production well, a cluster well and a wellhead by adopting a portable detection means;
adopting a fixed detection means and quantitative detection equipment to detect methane emission of various equipment and pipelines in the process flow of the oil-gas transfer, treatment and gathering functional station;
and carrying out centralized statistics, summarization and visual display on the detected methane detection data.
8. The oil and gas field development methane emission monitoring method of claim 7, wherein the portable detection means comprises a qualitative detection instrument and a quantitative detection device;
the qualitative detection instrument comprises: an infrared imaging detection instrument;
the quantitative detection apparatus includes: the gas concentration measuring device comprises a gas collecting device, a gas flowmeter and a gas concentration measuring instrument.
9. The method for monitoring methane emission during oil and gas field development according to claim 7, wherein the fixed detection means comprises methane emission qualitative detection and gas source tracing;
the quantitative detection equipment is used for carrying out quantitative detection on methane emission on the emission source after fixed detection means is adopted to find the site methane emission and trace the source to determine the emission source.
10. The field development methane emission monitoring method of claim 9, wherein the quantitative detection device comprises: the gas concentration measuring device comprises a gas collecting device, a gas flowmeter and a gas concentration measuring instrument.
CN202011076491.XA 2020-10-10 2020-10-10 Methane emission monitoring system and method for oil-gas field development Pending CN114323111A (en)

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