CN114323074A - Large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star chart simulator - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator, which aims to solve the problems that the existing star simulator cannot simultaneously simulate star maps of a plurality of fixed stars in a large view field and is low in simulation precision of the fixed stars with different color temperatures and brightness. The invention adopts a fixed star point matrix and a rotary shielding plate to be matched, thereby realizing the working mode of switching a plurality of star maps in one star simulator, simultaneously realizing single-star and double-star simulation in the brightness of-2 Mv to +2Mv when a small integrating sphere light source is used, and realizing the star map simulation in various combined modes of single-star, double-star, constellation, star matrix and the like in the brightness of +2Mv to +7Mv when a large integrating sphere light source is used; and meanwhile, the transmittance curve of the collimating optical system is used for reversely correcting the blackbody spectral curve simulated at the light outlet of the static star chart simulator to obtain a light source simulated original blackbody spectral curve, so that the primary color temperature blackbody spectral line of the light source system is corrected, and the spectral curve at the light outlet pupil approaches to the accuracy of the planetarium spectral curve to be simulated or is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectricity, and relates to a large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star atlas simulator.
Background
The high-precision measurement capability of the starlight navigation system can simultaneously obtain high-precision position and course information, and can be used for error correction of an inertial navigation system. The star sensor is a high-precision optical attitude sensor taking a fixed star as a measurement target and a reference, has high attitude measurement precision, no moving part and high reliability, can form a combined attitude measurement system with an inertial system, and corrects inertial system errors caused by the drift of a gyroscope, so the star sensor is widely applied to attitude measurement and control systems of spacecrafts.
The star sensor calculates the position and brightness information of a fixed star by shooting a star sky image and after image processing and target extraction and identification, and can provide a space direction and a reference for the aerospace craft. Due to the important function and function of the star sensor in attitude measurement, before the star sensor is used, a star simulator is required to be used for functional test, each technical index is calibrated, and the correctness and reliability of the attitude measurement model of the star map recognition algorithm are verified.
In order to perfect various functions and accurately calibrate various technical indexes under a test space environment, a high-precision star simulator is needed to cooperate with the work. With the technical development of star sensors, various types of star simulators suitable for different testing purposes are bred, and the star simulators can be divided into static star simulators and dynamic star simulators according to working modes.
The static star map simulator simulates parallel light emitted by a plurality of fixed stars in infinite distance, meets certain requirements on spectral curve, brightness and star point angular distance accuracy, is used for distortion calibration, accuracy test and simulation test of the star sensor in a test room, and the simulation test comprises star detection, angle measurement accuracy, angle measurement stability, star map matching and the like.
Generally, a star map method for simulating a plurality of fixed stars is formed by using a plurality of single star simulators, but the method needs a large erection space, for example, 2 star simulators with the caliber of 100mm form double stars with an included angle of 0.5 degrees, and need to be erected with an included angle of 1.0 degree by 11 meters, and several single star simulators erected independently hardly guarantee stability, are easy to vibrate to change the included angle between stars, and are not favorable for continuous test stability. In the static star map simulator, a plurality of star points are positioned in the field of view of the equipment and on a star point plate, so that the angular distance of the star points is very stable, and one equipment replaces the combination of a plurality of equipment, thereby occupying small space.
Stars in the sky have different color temperatures, i.e. have different spectral curves. The general star simulator uses xenon lamp, halogen lamp, single LED and the like as light sources, and the spectral curve of the light sources is far from the spectrum of the constellations. When the star sensor images the fixed stars, the spectral sensitivity is different, even if the brightness of the two fixed stars is the same when people visually observe the fixed stars, the gray level after imaging is very different, and the identification of the navigation star by the star sensor is greatly influenced. Some star simulators adopt an optical filter correction mode, but need several or dozens of optical filter films, so that the system difficulty is greatly increased, and the energy utilization rate is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing star simulator cannot simultaneously simulate star maps of a plurality of fixed stars in a large view field and the simulation precision of the fixed stars with different color temperatures and brightness is not high, and provides a large view field wide spectrum high-precision static star map simulator.
The high-precision static star map simulator with the large field of view, the wide spectrum, the large caliber and the long focal length can provide a plurality of star map modes such as a single star point, a plurality of star points, a star point dot matrix and the like, accurately simulate a plurality of constant star spectrums with color temperatures, provide constant star brightness from-2 Mv to +7Mv, and is very close to the constant star spectrums and brightness in the sky so as to verify the identification capability of a star sensor on different spectrums and brightness fixed star targets.
The invention adopts a transmission optical system, because the transmissivity of the transmission optical system is different in different spectral bands, the transmissivity curve (S) of the collimation optical system is usedThrough the use of) Black body spectrum curve (S) simulated for light outlet of static star atlas simulatorBlack body) Reverse correction is carried out to obtain a light source simulated original blackbody spectral curve (S)Light source)，SBlack body＝SLight source×SThrough the use ofTherefore, the spectral line of the primary color warm black body of the light source system is corrected, so that the spectral curve at the exit pupil of the light outlet of the static star chart simulator approaches to the precision of the stellar spectral curve to be simulated or is higher.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator is characterized in that: the system comprises a supporting structure, an electric control system arranged on the supporting structure, and a fixed star simulation light source, a star map output system and a broad spectrum collimator which are sequentially arranged;
the electric control system completes the output of various functions of the star atlas simulator according to the user instruction;
the star simulation light source is used for providing wide-spectrum light sources with different color temperatures and brightness;
the star map output system is used for providing a simulated fixed star point target meeting the angular distance requirement;
the wide-spectrum collimator is used for imaging the star and star point target simulated by the star map output system to an infinite distance so as to complete the simulation of the infinite star target;
the star simulation light source comprises a mobile platform, two small integrating spheres and a large integrating sphere with different radiuses, and a corresponding number of LED light sources arranged on the small integrating sphere and the large integrating sphere according to the color temperature and the adjusting range of stars and the like; the LED light sources are driven by corresponding LED light source drivers;
the star map output system comprises a motor switching and adjusting structure, a constellation baffle plate and a star point plate; the star point plate array is embedded on the invar steel substrate to form a star point array plate; the star point array plate is arranged at the light outlet of the small integrating sphere or the large integrating sphere to form a star point light source together with the light source, and the light beam is converted into a simulated star point target;
the constellation baffle is arranged between the star point array plate and the integrating sphere, and the motor switching adjusting structure controls the rotation to shield a specific star point hole on the star point plate;
different constellation baffles are distributed on the constellation baffle along the circumference;
and the moving platform moves the small integrating sphere or the large integrating sphere to align to the star point array plate according to the instruction of the electric control system.
Furthermore, each star point plate is a single star point unit and is embedded on the invar steel substrate according to a 7x7 array, and pressing rings are arranged on the star point plates and are in interference fit with the invar steel substrate;
the constellation baffles distributed on the constellation baffles are any combination of single star, double star, cross five star, distribution five star, Beidou seven star and star matrix.
Further, the surface of the invar substrate is plated with black nickel to reduce the influence of stray light reflection on an optical system.
Furthermore, one side of the star point array plate, which is close to the constellation baffle plate, is inlaid with protective glass, so that the star point holes are prevented from being blocked by tiny dust caused by air flow.
Furthermore, the star simulation light source can perform spectral energy distribution simulation of a plurality of stars and the like within the color temperature range of 1000K-7000K, the spectral range is generally 400nm-900nm, and the fitting error can be generally less than 10%.
Furthermore, the electric control system stores a plurality of parameters acquired during calibration, including LED driving parameters under different color temperatures, position parameters for switching different constellations and star lattices, and adjustment parameters for different stars and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the invention relates to a large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator, which adopts a mode of matching a fixed star point matrix with a rotating baffle plate, realizes a working mode of switching a plurality of star maps in one star simulator, simultaneously realizes single-star and double-star simulation in the brightness of-2 Mv to +2Mv when a small integrating sphere light source is used, realizes 6 star map simulations such as single star, double star, constellation and star matrix in the brightness of +2Mv to +7Mv when a large integrating sphere light source is used, can simulate 49 star maps in a 7x7 dot matrix mode at most, and is not limited to the modes.
2. The invention relates to a large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star chart simulator.A star point plate is embedded on a star point array plate through a substrate made of invar steel, the surface of the invar steel is blackened to reduce the influence of stray light reflection on an optical system, and the star point plate passes through a collimation optical system transmittance curve (S)Through the use of) To the original black body color temperature curve (S) of the light sourceLight source) The correction method can make the exit pupil of the light outlet of the static star chart simulator simulate the stellar spectral curves (S) with different color temperatures with high precisionBlack body) The average error between the spectrum simulation curve and the stellar spectrum theoretical curve can be controlled within 10%.
3. The large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator adopts a material with a low expansion coefficient, the precision of the star point angular distance is better than +/-0.2' within the temperature range of 20 +/-10 ℃, the temperature adaptability of the star map simulator is improved, and the use stability in the experimental process is ensured.
4. The invention adopts the method of fixing the star point array plate and rotating the constellation baffle plate, so that the included angles and the stars and the like displayed in different constellation working states have the same identity, and the invention has important significance for testing the stability of the star sensor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a large field of view, wide spectrum, and high accuracy static star map simulator in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star chart simulator according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a star point array plate of the static star map simulator of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the constellation baffle of the static star map simulator of the present invention; wherein (a) is a top view of the constellation baffle; (b) baffle left view for constellation;
reference numerals:
the device comprises a support structure 1, an electric control system 2, a moving platform 3, a small integrating sphere 4, a large integrating sphere 5, an LED light source 6, a constellation baffle 7, a motor switching and adjusting structure 8, a star point array plate 9, a wide spectrum collimator 10, an invar steel substrate 11 and a star point plate 12.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following describes a large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the working principle of the large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star chart simulator provided by the invention is as follows: the electric control system controls the star simulation light source to output specific spectral distribution and intensity light energy into the integrating sphere according to an instruction input by a user, and outputs parallel light beams with different view fields through the star map output system and the broad spectrum collimator after light mixing and uniformizing of the integrating sphere, so that simulation of multiple star targets at infinity is completed.
The spectral distribution of the static star atlas simulator at the exit pupil of the broad spectrum collimator 10 can be respectively matched with the blackbody spectral radiation emittance curve under the condition of different color temperatures (1000K-7000K), the error is not more than 10 percent, and the switching between different spectral distributions can be conveniently carried out. The star is switched at intervals of 0.5Mv from-2 Mv to +7Mv, and the error is not more than 10%.
As shown in FIG. 2, the large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star atlas simulator comprises a supporting structure 1, an electric control system 2, and a star simulation light source, a star atlas output system and a wide-spectrum collimator 10 which are sequentially arranged.
The combination of all subsystems of the static star map simulator is assembled on the supporting structure 1, so that certain temperature adaptability can be maintained. The electric control system 2 is used for simulating different stellar spectrums, stars and the like, constellations and the like in the star map simulator, and a plurality of parameters acquired during calibration are stored in the electric control system 2: and adjusting parameters of LED driving parameters, switching position parameters of different constellations and fixed star lattices, different stars and the like under different color temperature conditions. The electric control system 2 completes the output of various functions of the star atlas simulator according to the instruction of the user.
The star simulation light source comprises a mobile platform 3, two small integrating spheres 4 and a large integrating sphere 5 with different radiuses, and LED light sources 6 with corresponding quantity are arranged on the small integrating sphere 4 and the large integrating sphere 5 according to the adjusting ranges of color temperature, stars and the like, and the LED light sources 6 arranged on the small integrating sphere 4 and the large integrating sphere 5 are driven by corresponding LED light source drivers. The LED light source 6 provides light energy with certain spectral distribution and brightness, the light rays emitted by different LED light sources 6 are mixed and homogenized by using the small integrating sphere 4 and the large integrating sphere 5, the requirement of specified spectral distribution is met at the outlet of the integrating sphere, and a light source is provided for a subsequent star map output system.
The star simulation light source adopts a plurality of LED light sources to perform spectrum fitting, and can perform spectrum energy distribution simulation of a plurality of stars and the like within a color temperature range of 1000-7000K, the spectrum range is generally 400-900 nm, and the fitting error is generally 10%. The method provides large-span brightness of about the lowest to the highest of about 3982 times for a static star map simulator to simulate a navigation star of-2 Mv to +7Mv, and the like, covers the navigation star which can be detected and used by a star sensor in the star sky, and can control the brightness error of the star and the like within 10 percent.
The star map output system provides point source targets such as star points, constellations, star point lattices and the like for the broad spectrum collimator 10 so as to simulate a fixed star target at infinity and meet a certain angular distance requirement. The star map output system comprises a motor switching adjusting structure 8, a constellation baffle 7 and a star point plate 12;
the star point plate 12 is provided with star point holes with certain size and roundness, the star point plate 12 is arranged in an array mode to form a star point array plate 9, the moving platform 3 moves the small integrating sphere 4 or the large integrating sphere 5 to be aligned to the star point array plate 9 according to instructions of the electric control system 2, the star point array plate 9 is located at a light outlet of the small integrating sphere 4 or the large integrating sphere 5 and forms a star point light source together with the light source, and light beams are converted into simulated star point light sources.
The constellation baffle 7 is arranged between the star point array plate 9 and the integrating sphere and is used for shielding specific star point holes on the star point plate 12, the rotation is controlled by the motor switching adjusting structure 8, so that the switching of different star points, constellations, star point lattices and the like is realized, only the required star points are enabled to be light-transmitting, and the simulation of star maps of different single stars, double stars, constellations, star point lattices and the like is completed.
The broad spectrum collimator 10 is used for imaging the star and star point target simulated by the star map output system to infinity, and meeting the parallelism and illumination requirements of the emergent light beam so as to complete the simulation of the infinity star target.
As shown in fig. 3, the star point plate 12 is regarded as a single star point unit, the star point array plate 9 is embedded in a manner that the single star point unit is embedded on the invar steel substrate 11 made of invar steel in a 7 × 7 array manner, the surface of the invar steel material is blackened after being plated with nickel, so that the black surface is ensured to be black and not to be reflected, and the pressing ring of the star point plate 12 is in interference fit with the invar steel substrate 11 so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the star point plate. Considering that the star point holes may be blocked by dust in the air due to air flow caused by temperature difference, etc., the side of the star point plate 12 close to the constellation baffle 7 is inlaid with a protective glass, which can effectively prevent the star point holes from being blocked.
As shown in fig. 4(a) and (b), the constellation baffle 7 of this embodiment is circumferentially provided with 6 different constellation baffles, which are respectively a single star, a double star, a cross five star, a distribution five star, a big dipper seven star and a star matrix, the motor switching adjustment structure 8 drives the constellation baffle 7 to rotate, and different constellation baffles 7 are blocked in front of the star point array plate 9 as required, so that only required star points are allowed to pass light.
The working process of the large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star chart simulator comprises the following steps:
the electric control system 2 controls the star simulation light source to output specific spectral distribution and intensity light energy into the integrating sphere according to an instruction input by a user, the light enters the star atlas output system and the wide spectrum collimator 10 after being mixed and homogenized by the integrating sphere, the wide spectrum collimator 10 outputs parallel light beams with different viewing fields, a plurality of spectral distributions with color temperatures (1000K-7000K) are formed at the exit pupil of the wide spectrum collimator 10, the simulation of a plurality of star targets at infinity is completed, and the error of the simulation is not more than 10%.
In the process, the rotating constellation baffle 7 is controlled by the motor switching adjusting structure 8, and different star points, constellations and star point lattices are switched to shield the star point array plate 9 so that the required star points can be lighted, thereby completing the simulation of different single-star, double-star, constellation, star point lattices and other star maps.
The invention can provide a plurality of star map modes such as single star point, a plurality of star points, star point dot matrix and the like, can accurately simulate a plurality of constant star spectrums with the color temperature of-2 Mv to +7Mv and the like, is very close to the constant star spectrums and the brightness in the sky, and is used for verifying the identification capability of the star sensor on different spectrums and brightness fixed star targets.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A large-view-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star map simulator is characterized in that: the system comprises a supporting structure (1), an electric control system (2) arranged on the supporting structure (1), and a star simulation light source, a star map output system and a broad spectrum collimator (10) which are sequentially arranged;
the electric control system (2) completes the output of various functions of the star atlas simulator according to the user instruction;
the star simulation light source is used for providing wide-spectrum light sources with different color temperatures and brightness;
the star map output system is used for providing a simulated fixed star point target meeting the angular distance requirement;
the wide-spectrum collimator (10) is used for imaging the star and star point target simulated by the star map output system to an infinite distance so as to complete the simulation of the infinite star target;
the star simulation light source comprises a moving platform (3), two small integrating spheres (4) and a large integrating sphere (5) with different radiuses, and a corresponding number of LED light sources (6) which are arranged on the small integrating sphere (4) and the large integrating sphere (5) according to the adjusting ranges of color temperature, stars and the like; the LED light sources (6) are driven by corresponding LED light source drivers;
the star map output system comprises a motor switching adjusting structure (8), a constellation baffle plate (7) and a star point plate (12); the star point plate (12) is embedded on the invar steel substrate (11) in an array manner to form a star point array plate (9); the star point array plate (9) is arranged at the light outlet of the small integrating sphere (4) or the large integrating sphere (5) and forms a star point light source together with the light source, and the light beam is converted into a simulated star point target;
the constellation baffle (7) is arranged between the star point array plate (9) and the integrating sphere, and the motor switching adjusting structure (8) controls the rotation to shield a specific star point hole on the star point plate (12);
different constellation baffles are distributed on the constellation baffle (7) along the circumference;
the moving platform (3) moves the small integrating sphere (4) or the large integrating sphere (5) to align to the star point array plate (9) according to the instruction of the electric control system (2).
2. The large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star atlas simulator of claim 1, wherein:
each star point plate (12) is a single star point unit and is embedded on the invar steel substrate (11) according to a 7x7 array, and the star point plates (12) are provided with pressing rings which are in interference fit with the invar steel substrate (11);
the constellation baffles distributed on the constellation baffles (7) are any combination of single star, double star, cross five star, distributed five star, Beidou seven star and star matrix.
3. The large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star atlas simulator of claim 2, wherein:
the surface of the invar steel substrate (11) is plated with black nickel so as to reduce the influence of stray light reflection on an optical system.
4. The large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star atlas simulator of claim 3, wherein:
and protective glass is inlaid on one side of the star point array plate (9) close to the constellation baffle plate (7), so that the star point holes are prevented from being blocked by tiny dust caused by air flow.
5. The large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star atlas simulator of any of claims 1-4, wherein:
the star simulation light source can perform spectral energy distribution simulation of a plurality of stars and the like within a color temperature range of 1000K-7000K, the spectral range is generally 400nm-900nm, and the fitting error can be generally less than 10%.
6. The large-field wide-spectrum high-precision static star atlas simulator of claim 5, wherein:
the electric control system (2) stores a plurality of parameters acquired in calibration, including LED driving parameters under different color temperature conditions, position parameters for switching different constellations and star lattices, and adjusting parameters of different stars and the like.
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| US20060085129A1 (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2006-04-20 | Trex Enterprises Corp. | Daytime stellar imager |
| CN104154930A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-11-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Multi-color-temperature and multi-star-magnitude single-star simulator |
| CN209991994U (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-01-24 | 北京千乘探索科技有限公司 | Star sensor static simulator device |
| CN113029195A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Static star simulator based on LED three-sky-region switching and manufacturing method thereof |
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- 2021-12-29 CN CN202111643055.0A patent/CN114323074B/en active Active
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| US20060085129A1 (en) * | 2004-10-18 | 2006-04-20 | Trex Enterprises Corp. | Daytime stellar imager |
| CN104154930A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-11-19 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Multi-color-temperature and multi-star-magnitude single-star simulator |
| CN209991994U (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-01-24 | 北京千乘探索科技有限公司 | Star sensor static simulator device |
| CN113029195A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-25 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Static star simulator based on LED three-sky-region switching and manufacturing method thereof |
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| 孙高飞;张国玉;姜会林;杨孟飞;王大轶;郝云彩;: "一种静态星模拟器的设计与星点位置修正方法", 激光与光电子学进展, no. 09 * |
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