CN114322888A - Drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method - Google Patents
Drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114322888A CN114322888A CN202111454727.3A CN202111454727A CN114322888A CN 114322888 A CN114322888 A CN 114322888A CN 202111454727 A CN202111454727 A CN 202111454727A CN 114322888 A CN114322888 A CN 114322888A
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Abstract
The application provides a drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method, and belongs to the technical field of displacement monitoring. The method comprises the following specific steps: drilling, namely drilling the earth surface through drilling equipment to form a migration monitoring hole; step two, mounting an anchoring claw, namely fixing the rear end of the anchoring claw on a steel strand of a winch device, fixing the front end of the anchoring claw on a plastic pipe by using a sleeve and a bolt, and fixedly mounting the upper end of the steel strand on the winch device; thirdly, positioning the anchoring claw, lowering the anchoring claw through the plastic pipe, driving the steel strand to unreel by the winch device, and determining the position of the anchoring claw by recording the length of the lowered plastic pipe; the device has the advantages that the device can adapt to complex geological conditions, meanwhile, the traction rope is connected with the surface monitoring device, data can be directly read and stored, data transmission loss caused by optical fiber shearing is avoided, and the cost of data monitoring is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of displacement monitoring, in particular to a drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method.
Background
Coal mines are areas where humans mine coal resources in coal-rich mining areas, and are generally divided into underground coal mines and opencast coal mines. When the coal seam is far from the ground surface, a tunnel is usually dug to the underground, so that the coal is a mineworker coal mine. When the coal seam is very close to the earth surface, the coal is generally excavated by directly stripping the earth surface, which is an open pit coal mine. The vast majority of coal mines in China belong to underground coal mines. Coal mines encompass a large area above ground and below ground as well as associated facilities. Coal mines are reasonable spaces excavated by humans when excavating geological formations rich in coal and generally include roadways, wells, and mining surfaces, among others.
At present, a great amount of optical fiber equipment is used for data monitoring in coal mine ground surface subsidence and rock stratum migration research, light has good tensile property, but in the data monitoring of coal mine ground drilling rock stratum subsidence, shearing damage is easily generated when rock stratum weak surfaces or interlaminar rock masses are relatively dislocated due to the influence of the material characteristics of the light, and data loss is caused, so that the data monitoring cost is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects, the application provides a drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method, aiming at solving the problem that the influence of the material characteristics of light is easy to generate shearing damage when meeting a weak surface of a rock stratum or relative dislocation of an interlayer rock mass, so that data are lost, and the data monitoring cost is improved.
The embodiment of the application provides a drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method, which comprises the following specific steps:
drilling, namely drilling the earth surface through drilling equipment to form a migration monitoring hole;
step two, mounting an anchoring claw, namely fixing the rear end of the anchoring claw on a steel strand of a winch device, fixing the front end of the anchoring claw on a plastic pipe by using a sleeve and a bolt, and fixedly mounting the upper end of the steel strand on the winch device;
thirdly, positioning the anchoring claw, namely lowering the anchoring claw through the plastic pipe, driving the steel strand to unreel by the winch device, driving the anchoring claw to move towards the migration monitoring hole, and determining the position of the anchoring claw by recording the length of the lowered plastic pipe;
reinforcing the monitoring points, determining the measuring points after the anchoring claws are arranged at the preset positions, pouring concrete mortar into the drill holes, and firmly installing the measuring points;
connecting the acquisition instruments, namely sleeving the upright post with the acquisition instrument base on the drilling sleeve, and connecting a power line and a steel strand to the acquisition instrument base from the bottom of the upright post;
step six, connecting balance weights, namely sequentially mounting the steel strands of each measuring point on a winch device, connecting the tail ends of the steel strands to the balance weights, and transferring the balance weights into a migration monitoring hole after the balance weights fall off;
and seventhly, monitoring the displacement of the base point, arranging a stay wire type displacement meter in the migration monitoring hole, leading the upper end of a stay wire of the displacement meter out of the sleeve, fixing the tail end of the stay wire on a directional wheel on the ground, connecting an end head with a balance weight, and pulling the measuring wire to extend and recording by the displacement meter when the deep anchoring point moves.
In a specific embodiment, in the fifth step, a prefabricated formwork is sleeved on the upright posts, and concrete is poured into the formwork to form the base of the measuring station.
In a specific embodiment, the plastic tube is one of a PVC-U tube, a PVC-M tube, and a PVC-O tube.
In a specific embodiment, the counter weight is 5 kg.
In a specific embodiment, the step seven pull-wire displacement meter uses a WEP-M-2000MM-MA displacement sensor.
In a specific embodiment, the length of the stay wire connected with the stay wire type displacement meter is larger than the depth of the migration monitoring hole.
In a specific embodiment, the winch device comprises a bottom plate, a moving wheel, a rotating plate, a winch, a first hinge seat, a supporting rod, two guide wheels and an adjusting component, wherein the moving wheel is fixedly installed on the bottom plate, the rotating plate is rotatably installed on the bottom plate through a bearing, the winch is fixedly installed on the rotating plate, the winch is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the winch, the first hinge seat is fixedly installed on the side surface of the rotating plate, the supporting rod is hinged on the first hinge seat, the two guide wheels are respectively rotatably installed on the supporting rod through bearings, and two ends of the adjusting component are respectively fixed on the rotating plate and the supporting rod.
In the above-mentioned realization process, make things convenient for the bottom plate to remove through removing the wheel, conveniently adjust organism rotation direction through the rotor plate to adjust the position of steel strand wires on the capstan winch, make things convenient for the bracing piece to rotate through first articulated seat, thereby adjust the height of leading wheel, improved the convenience of regulation bracing piece through adjusting part, reduced intensity of labour.
In a specific embodiment, a first fluted disc is connected to the rotating plate, an L-shaped plate is fixedly mounted on the base plate, a servo motor is mounted on the L-shaped plate, a second fluted disc is mounted on an output shaft of the servo motor, and the first fluted disc is meshed with the second fluted disc.
In the implementation process, the second toothed disc mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor is meshed with the first toothed disc connected to the rotating plate, so that the angle of the rotating plate can be conveniently adjusted.
In a specific embodiment, a triangular reinforcing rib plate is arranged on the L-shaped plate.
In the implementation process, the triangular reinforcing rib plate is beneficial to improving the structural strength of the L-shaped plate.
In a specific embodiment, the adjusting assembly comprises two second hinged seats and an electric push rod, the two second hinged seats are fixed on the rotating plate and the supporting rod respectively, and two ends of the electric push rod are hinged on the two second hinged seats.
In the implementation process, the two ends of the electric push rod are hinged to the two second hinged seats, and the telescopic length of the output shaft of the electric push rod is adjusted, so that the angle of the supporting rod is adjusted.
Advantageous effects
According to the drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method, the steel wire rope with high strength and high toughness is used for dragging the measuring point equipment, so that the capacity of the equipment for adapting to complex geological conditions is improved, meanwhile, the dragging rope is connected with the surface monitoring equipment and can be used for directly reading and storing data, the data transmission loss caused by optical fiber shearing is avoided, and the data monitoring cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a winch arrangement according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic structural view of a winch apparatus according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.
In the figure: 1. a base plate; 2. a moving wheel; 3. a rotating plate; 4. a body; 5. a winch; 6. a first hinge mount; 7. a support bar; 8. a guide wheel; 9. an adjustment assembly; 91. a second hinge mount; 92. an electric push rod; 10. a first fluted disc; 11. an L-shaped plate; 12. a servo motor; 13. a second fluted disc; 14. the triangular reinforcing rib plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and thus should not be considered limiting.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise direct contact of the first and second features, or may comprise contact of the first and second features not directly but through another feature in between. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present application provides a method for monitoring displacement of multiple base points in a deep part of a borehole, comprising the following steps:
drilling, namely drilling the earth surface through drilling equipment to form a migration monitoring hole;
step two, mounting an anchoring claw, namely fixing the rear end of the anchoring claw on a steel strand of a winch device, fixing the front end of the anchoring claw on a plastic pipe by using a sleeve and a bolt, and fixedly mounting the upper end of the steel strand on the winch device;
thirdly, positioning the anchoring claw, namely lowering the anchoring claw through the plastic pipe, driving the steel strand to unreel by the winch device, driving the anchoring claw to move towards the migration monitoring hole, and determining the position of the anchoring claw by recording the length of the lowered plastic pipe;
reinforcing the monitoring points, determining the measuring points after the anchoring claws are arranged at the preset positions, pouring concrete mortar into the drill holes, and firmly installing the measuring points;
connecting the acquisition instruments, namely sleeving the upright post with the acquisition instrument base on the drilling sleeve, and connecting a power line and a steel strand to the acquisition instrument base from the bottom of the upright post;
step six, connecting balance weights, namely sequentially mounting the steel strands of each measuring point on a winch device, connecting the tail ends of the steel strands to the balance weights, and transferring the balance weights into a migration monitoring hole after the balance weights fall off;
and seventhly, monitoring the displacement of the base point, arranging a stay wire type displacement meter in the migration monitoring hole, leading the upper end of a stay wire of the displacement meter out of the sleeve, fixing the tail end of the stay wire on a directional wheel on the ground, connecting an end head with a balance weight, and pulling the measuring wire to extend and recording by the displacement meter when the deep anchoring point moves.
In a specific embodiment, in the fifth step, a prefabricated formwork is sleeved on the upright posts, and concrete is poured into the formwork to form the base of the measuring station.
In this embodiment, the plastic pipe is one of a PVC-U pipe, a PVC-M pipe, and a PVC-O pipe.
In the scheme of the application, the balance weight is 5 kg.
In a specific embodiment, the step seven pull-wire displacement meter uses a WEP-M-2000MM-MA displacement sensor.
When the device is specifically arranged, the length of a stay wire connected with the stay wire type displacement meter is larger than the depth of the migration monitoring hole.
In this embodiment, the winch device includes a bottom plate 1, a moving wheel 2, a rotating plate 3, a machine body 4, a winch 5, a first hinge seat 6, a support rod 7, two guide wheels 8 and an adjusting assembly 9, the moving wheel 2 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate 1, the rotating plate 3 is rotatably installed on the bottom plate 1 through a bearing, the machine body 4 is fixedly installed on the rotating plate 3, the winch 5 is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the machine body 4, the first hinge seat 6 is fixedly installed on a side surface of the rotating plate 3, the support rod 7 is hinged on the first hinge seat 6, the two guide wheels 8 are rotatably installed on the support rod 7 through bearings, two ends of the adjusting assembly 9 are respectively fixed on the rotating plate 3 and the support rod 7, the moving of the bottom plate 1 is facilitated through the moving wheel 2, the rotating direction of the machine body 4 is conveniently adjusted through the rotating plate 3, thereby adjusting the position of a steel strand on the winch 5, the support rod 7 is conveniently rotated through the first hinge seat 6, thereby adjust the height of leading wheel 8, improved the convenience of adjusting bracing piece 7 through adjusting part 9, reduced intensity of labour.
In a specific embodiment, a first fluted disc 10 is connected to the rotating plate 3, an L-shaped plate 11 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 1, a servo motor 12 is mounted on the L-shaped plate 11, a second fluted disc 13 is mounted on an output shaft of the servo motor 12, the first fluted disc 10 is meshed with the second fluted disc 13, and the second fluted disc 13 mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor 12 is meshed with the first fluted disc 10 connected to the rotating plate 3, so that the angle of the rotating plate 3 can be conveniently adjusted.
In this application scheme, install triangle reinforcing rib 14 on the L template 11, be favorable to improving the structural strength of L template 11 through triangle reinforcing rib 14.
When specifically setting up, adjusting part 9 includes two articulated seats 91 of second and an electric putter 92, and two articulated seats 91 of second are fixed respectively on rotor plate 3 and bracing piece 7, and electric putter 92's both ends all articulate on two articulated seats 91 of second, and both ends through electric putter 92 all articulate on two articulated seats 91 of second, adjust the flexible length of electric putter 92 output shaft to the angle of regulation bracing piece 7.
The working principle of the drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method is as follows: when in use, the earth surface is drilled through the drilling equipment to form a migration monitoring hole, the rear end of the anchoring claw is fixed on a steel strand of the winch device, the front end of the anchoring claw is fixed on a plastic pipe through a sleeve and a bolt, the upper end of the steel strand is fixedly arranged on the winch device, the anchoring claw is lowered through the plastic pipe, the winch device drives the steel strand to be unreeled and drives the anchoring claw to move towards the migration monitoring hole, the position of the anchoring claw is determined by recording the length of the lowered plastic pipe, after the anchoring claw is arranged at a preset position, a measuring point is determined, concrete mortar is poured into the drill hole, firmly installing the measuring points, sleeving an upright post with an acquisition instrument base on a drilling sleeve, connecting a power line and a steel strand to the acquisition instrument base from the bottom of the upright post, sequentially installing the steel strands of each measuring point on a winch device, connecting the tail ends of the steel strands to balance weights, and transferring the balance weights into a migration monitoring hole in a staggered manner; and a stay wire type displacement meter is arranged in the migration monitoring hole, the upper end of a stay wire of the displacement meter is led out from the inside of the sleeve, the tail end of the stay wire is fixed on a directional wheel on the ground, the end of the stay wire is connected with a balance weight, and when a deep anchoring point moves, a pull measuring wire is extended and is recorded by the displacement meter.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
drilling, namely drilling the earth surface through drilling equipment to form a migration monitoring hole;
step two, mounting an anchoring claw, namely fixing the rear end of the anchoring claw on a steel strand of a winch device, fixing the front end of the anchoring claw on a plastic pipe by using a sleeve and a bolt, and fixedly mounting the upper end of the steel strand on the winch device;
thirdly, positioning the anchoring claw, namely lowering the anchoring claw through the plastic pipe, driving the steel strand to unreel by the winch device, driving the anchoring claw to move towards the migration monitoring hole, and determining the position of the anchoring claw by recording the length of the lowered plastic pipe;
reinforcing the monitoring points, determining the measuring points after the anchoring claws are arranged at the preset positions, pouring concrete mortar into the drill holes, and firmly installing the measuring points;
connecting the acquisition instruments, namely sleeving the upright post with the acquisition instrument base on the drilling sleeve, and connecting a power line and a steel strand to the acquisition instrument base from the bottom of the upright post;
step six, connecting balance weights, namely sequentially mounting the steel strands of each measuring point on a winch device, connecting the tail ends of the steel strands to the balance weights, and transferring the balance weights into a migration monitoring hole after the balance weights fall off;
and seventhly, monitoring the displacement of the base point, arranging a stay wire type displacement meter in the migration monitoring hole, leading the upper end of a stay wire of the displacement meter out of the sleeve, fixing the tail end of the stay wire on a directional wheel on the ground, connecting an end head with a balance weight, and pulling the measuring wire to extend and recording by the displacement meter when the deep anchoring point moves.
2. The method for monitoring the displacement of the multiple base points in the deep separation type of the drilled hole according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, a prefabricated template is sleeved on the stand column, and concrete is poured into the template to form a base of the measuring station.
3. The method for monitoring displacement of multiple base points in a deep part of a drilled hole according to claim 1, wherein the plastic pipe is one of a PVC-U pipe, a PVC-M pipe and a PVC-O pipe.
4. The method for monitoring the displacement of multiple base points in the deep separation type of the drilled hole according to claim 1, wherein a 5kg balance weight is used as the balance weight.
5. The method for monitoring the displacement of multiple base points in the deep part of the drilled hole according to claim 1, wherein the seven-step stay wire type displacement meter adopts a WEP-M-2000MM-MA displacement sensor.
6. The method for monitoring the displacement of multiple base points in the deep part of the drilled hole according to claim 5, wherein the length of a pull wire connected with the pull wire type displacement meter is greater than the depth of the migration monitoring hole.
7. The drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the winch device comprises a bottom plate (1), a moving wheel (2), a rotating plate (3), a machine body (4), a winch (5), a first hinge seat (6), two guide wheels (8) of a support rod (7) and an adjusting assembly (9), the moving wheel (2) is fixedly installed on the bottom plate (1), the rotating plate (3) is rotatably installed on the bottom plate (1) through a bearing, the machine body (4) is fixedly installed on the rotating plate (3), the winch (5) is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the machine body (4), the first hinge seat (6) is fixedly installed on a side surface of the rotating plate (3), the support rod (7) is hinged on the first hinge seat (6), and the two guide wheels (8) are rotatably installed on the support rod (7) through bearings respectively, and two ends of the adjusting component (9) are respectively fixed on the rotating plate (3) and the supporting rod (7).
8. The drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method according to claim 7, wherein a first fluted disc (10) is connected to the rotating plate (3), an L-shaped plate (11) is fixedly installed on the base plate (1), a servo motor (12) is installed on the L-shaped plate (11), a second fluted disc (13) is installed on an output shaft of the servo motor (12), and the first fluted disc (10) and the second fluted disc (13) are meshed with each other.
9. The drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein a triangular reinforcing rib plate (14) is installed on the L-shaped plate (11).
10. The drilling deep separation type multi-base-point displacement monitoring method according to claim 7, wherein the adjusting assembly (9) comprises two second hinged seats (91) and an electric push rod (92), the two second hinged seats (91) are respectively fixed on the rotating plate (3) and the supporting rod (7), and both ends of the electric push rod (92) are hinged on the two second hinged seats (91).
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