CN114322758A - Optical measurement method for ice crystals in flowing fuel oil - Google Patents
Optical measurement method for ice crystals in flowing fuel oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114322758A CN114322758A CN202111483495.4A CN202111483495A CN114322758A CN 114322758 A CN114322758 A CN 114322758A CN 202111483495 A CN202111483495 A CN 202111483495A CN 114322758 A CN114322758 A CN 114322758A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical measurement method of ice crystals in flowing fuel oil, which comprises the following steps: arranging a fuel oil pipeline outside the darkroom; arranging a high-brightness light source emitter, a hollow transparent sight glass, an industrial fan, a scale and a high-speed camera in a darkroom, connecting the hollow transparent sight glass and a fuel oil pipeline through a connecting pipe, starting the high-brightness light source emitter and the high-speed camera to shoot the scale, and converting the number of pixels corresponding to each millimeter of physical size through the scale; starting a peristaltic pump, injecting water into the fuel oil pipeline, and reducing the temperature of the fuel oil; starting the centrifugal pump, and enabling fuel oil to enter the hollow transparent sight glass; starting an industrial fan and a high-brightness light source emitter, and starting a high-speed camera to carry out high-speed continuous shooting; and calculating the actual physical size of the ice crystal according to the maximum pixel number covered by the measured ice crystal. The method for measuring the ice crystals in the flowing fuel oil is simple and easy to operate, does not need sampling and chemical analysis, and has the outstanding advantages of direct measurement process, high accuracy, few interference factors and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic machinery, and particularly relates to an optical measurement method for ice crystals in flowing fuel oil.
Background
The hydraulic mechanical device is an important component of an aircraft engine control system, and the working medium of the hydraulic mechanical device is aviation kerosene generally. When the aircraft flies at low temperature for a long time, the water mixed in the aviation kerosene can be separated out and frozen into ice. The ice crystals easily block a valve or a filter and the like, so that the hydraulic mechanical device fails to supply oil to the engine normally, the engine is flamed out, and the flight safety of the airplane is endangered. Therefore, domestic and foreign airworthiness regulations and the like clearly require the fuel system of the engine to pass the examination of the fuel icing test.
The method has the advantages that the application quantity and the ice crystal form of the ice crystals in the fuel medium are accurately evaluated on the premise of ensuring the effectiveness of the icing test of the aircraft engine fuel system. The traditional method is basically used for replacing the measurement of the ice crystals by analyzing the water content of the fuel oil under the condition of being limited by the ice crystal measurement technology. The water in the oil sample exists in two forms of dissolved water and free water, the dissolved water is uniformly distributed but is very little, and the free water is non-uniformly distributed but has a high ratio, so that the sample analyzed each time is difficult to accurately represent the real water content in the fuel oil, and the influence of the error cannot be effectively reduced even if the average value is obtained through multiple measurements.
In conclusion, the icing test of the aircraft engine fuel oil needs to efficiently and accurately evaluate the form and size of ice crystals in the fuel oil so as to construct a complete verification method and condition of the icing medium environment of the engine fuel oil system/hydraulic mechanical device and lay a foundation for improving the autonomous capacity of the anti-icing design of the aircraft engine fuel oil system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the optical measurement method for the ice crystals in the flowing fuel oil, which has the advantages of few steps, simple operation, direct measurement process, high accuracy and few interference factors.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the optical measurement method for the ice crystals in the flowing fuel oil comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging the fuel pipeline outside the darkroom;
s2, arranging a high-brightness light source emitter, a hollow transparent sight glass, an industrial fan, a scale and a high-speed camera in a darkroom, arranging the high-brightness light source emitter on one side of the hollow transparent sight glass, arranging the high-speed camera on the other side of the hollow transparent sight glass, arranging the high-speed camera, the hollow transparent sight glass and the high-brightness light source emitter at the same height and on the same straight line, installing a microscope lens on the high-speed camera, arranging the scale and the transparent sight glass on the same plane perpendicular to the high-speed camera, enabling the scale to be close to the sight glass, setting shooting parameters of the high-speed camera, arranging the industrial fan along the axial direction of the hollow transparent sight glass, connecting the hollow transparent sight glass and a fuel oil pipeline through a connecting pipe, starting the high-brightness light source emitter and the high-speed camera, shooting the scale firstly, and obtaining the number of pixels corresponding to the physical size of each millimeter through conversion;
s3, starting the peristaltic pump, injecting water into the fuel oil pipeline through the peristaltic pump, and reducing the temperature of the fuel oil to ensure that water in the fuel oil is frozen into ice crystals and the fuel oil is still in a liquid state;
s4, starting the centrifugal pump, driving the fuel oil by the centrifugal pump, then entering a hollow transparent viewing mirror, measuring the fuel oil flow by adopting a turbine flowmeter, and adjusting the fuel oil flow to a test working condition by controlling the rotating speed of a valve and the centrifugal pump;
s5, starting an industrial fan, wherein the industrial fan is used for blowing away water vapor near the hollow transparent sight glass to prevent frosting, light rays emitted by the high-brightness light source emitter transmit ice crystals in fuel oil to the high-speed camera through the hollow transparent sight glass, and then starting the high-speed camera to continuously shoot at a high speed;
and S6, calculating the actual physical size of the ice crystal according to the number of pixels covered by the measured ice crystal.
Preferably, in step S3, the temperature of the fuel is reduced to-2 to-40 ℃. Further preferably, in the step S3, the temperature of the fuel is reduced to minus 11 ℃ to minus 27 ℃.
Preferably, in step S5, the shooting frequency of the high-speed camera is set to 1000 to 10000 frames/second. More preferably, in step S5, the shooting frequency of the high-speed camera is set to 2000-6000 frames/second.
The method for measuring the ice crystals in the flowing fuel oil is simple and easy to operate, does not need sampling and chemical analysis, has the outstanding advantages of direct measurement process, high accuracy, few interference factors and the like, and plays a significant practical value in the aspect of improving the confidence coefficient of the icing test of the fuel oil system of the aircraft engine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a scale chart photographed in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of ice crystals taken in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
An optical measurement method of ice crystals in a flowing fuel, the optical measurement method comprising the steps of:
s1, arranging the fuel pipeline outside the darkroom;
s2, arranging a high-brightness light source emitter, a hollow transparent sight glass, an industrial fan, a scale and a high-speed camera in a darkroom, arranging the high-brightness light source emitter at one side of the hollow transparent sight glass, arranging the high-speed camera at the other side of the hollow transparent sight glass, arranging the high-speed camera, the hollow transparent sight glass and the high-brightness light source emitter at the same height and on the same straight line, installing a microscope lens on the high-speed camera, arranging the scale and the transparent sight glass on the same plane vertical to the high-speed camera, enabling the scale to be close to the sight glass, setting shooting parameters of the high-speed camera, enabling the high-speed camera, the hollow transparent sight glass and the high-brightness light source emitter not to move any more, arranging the industrial fan along the axial direction of the hollow transparent sight glass, connecting the hollow transparent sight glass and a fuel oil pipeline through a connecting pipe, starting the high-brightness light source emitter and the high-speed camera, firstly shooting the scale as shown in figure 1, the number of pixels corresponding to each millimeter of physical size can be converted by a ruler and is alpha =375 pixels/mm;
s3, starting a peristaltic pump, injecting water into the fuel oil pipeline through the peristaltic pump, reducing the temperature of the fuel oil to-27 ℃, and at the moment, freezing the water in the fuel oil into ice crystals and keeping the fuel oil in a liquid state;
s4, starting the centrifugal pump, driving the fuel oil by the centrifugal pump, then entering a hollow transparent viewing mirror, measuring the fuel oil flow by adopting a turbine flowmeter, and adjusting the fuel oil flow to a test working condition by controlling the rotating speed of a valve and the centrifugal pump;
s5, starting an industrial fan, wherein the industrial fan is used for blowing away water vapor near the hollow transparent sight glass to prevent frosting, light rays emitted by the high-brightness light source emitter transmit ice crystals in fuel oil to the high-speed camera through the hollow transparent sight glass, and then the high-speed camera is started to continuously shoot at a high speed at 5000 frames/second;
s6, the number of pixels covered by the largest ice crystal measured is 27, as shown in fig. 2, then the actual physical size of the ice crystal is 27/α =0.072 mm.
Example 2
An optical measurement method of ice crystals in a flowing fuel, the optical measurement method comprising the steps of:
s1, arranging the fuel pipeline outside the darkroom;
s2, arranging a high-brightness light source emitter, a hollow transparent sight glass, an industrial fan, a scale and a high-speed camera in a darkroom, arranging the high-brightness light source emitter at one side of the hollow transparent sight glass, arranging the high-speed camera at the other side of the hollow transparent sight glass, arranging the high-speed camera, the hollow transparent sight glass and the high-brightness light source emitter at the same height and on the same straight line, installing a microscope lens on the high-speed camera, arranging the scale and the transparent sight glass on the same plane vertical to the high-speed camera, enabling the scale to be close to the sight glass, setting shooting parameters of the high-speed camera, enabling the high-speed camera, the hollow transparent sight glass and the high-brightness light source emitter not to move any more, arranging the industrial fan along the axial direction of the hollow transparent sight glass, connecting the hollow transparent sight glass and a fuel oil pipeline through a connecting pipe, starting the high-brightness light source emitter and the high-speed camera, firstly shooting the scale as shown in figure 1, the number of pixels corresponding to each millimeter of physical size can be converted by a ruler and is alpha =375 pixels/mm;
s3, starting a peristaltic pump, injecting water into the fuel oil pipeline through the peristaltic pump, reducing the temperature of the fuel oil to-11 ℃, wherein at the moment, the water in the fuel oil is frozen into ice crystals and the fuel oil is still in a liquid state;
s4, starting the centrifugal pump, driving the fuel oil by the centrifugal pump, then entering a hollow transparent viewing mirror, measuring the fuel oil flow by adopting a turbine flowmeter, and adjusting the fuel oil flow to a test working condition by controlling the rotating speed of a valve and the centrifugal pump;
s5, starting an industrial fan, wherein the industrial fan is used for blowing away water vapor near the hollow transparent sight glass to prevent frosting, light rays emitted by the high-brightness light source emitter transmit ice crystals in fuel oil to the high-speed camera through the hollow transparent sight glass, and then the high-speed camera is started to continuously shoot at a high speed at 5000 frames/second;
s6, the number of pixels covered by the largest ice crystal measured is 19, as shown in fig. 2, then the actual physical size of the ice crystal is 19/α =0.051 mm.
The method for measuring the ice crystals in the flowing fuel oil has the advantages of being simple to operate, free of sampling and chemical analysis, direct in measuring process, high in accuracy, few in interference factors and the like, and has remarkable practical value in the aspect of improving the confidence coefficient of the icing test of the aircraft engine fuel oil system.
Claims (5)
1. An optical measurement method for ice crystals in flowing fuel oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, arranging the fuel pipeline outside the darkroom;
s2, arranging a high-brightness light source emitter, a hollow transparent sight glass, an industrial fan, a scale and a high-speed camera in a darkroom, arranging the high-brightness light source emitter on one side of the hollow transparent sight glass, arranging the high-speed camera on the other side of the hollow transparent sight glass, arranging the high-speed camera, the hollow transparent sight glass and the high-brightness light source emitter at the same height and on the same straight line, installing a microscope lens on the high-speed camera, arranging the scale and the transparent sight glass on the same plane perpendicular to the high-speed camera, enabling the scale to be close to the sight glass, setting shooting parameters of the high-speed camera, arranging the industrial fan along the axial direction of the hollow transparent sight glass, connecting the hollow transparent sight glass and a fuel oil pipeline through a connecting pipe, starting the high-brightness light source emitter and the high-speed camera, shooting the scale firstly, and obtaining the number of pixels corresponding to the physical size of each millimeter through conversion;
s3, starting the peristaltic pump, injecting water into the fuel oil pipeline through the peristaltic pump, and reducing the temperature of the fuel oil to ensure that water in the fuel oil is frozen into ice crystals and the fuel oil is still in a liquid state;
s4, starting the centrifugal pump, driving the fuel oil by the centrifugal pump, then entering a hollow transparent viewing mirror, measuring the fuel oil flow by adopting a turbine flowmeter, and adjusting the fuel oil flow to a test working condition by controlling the rotating speed of a valve and the centrifugal pump;
s5, starting an industrial fan, wherein the industrial fan is used for blowing away water vapor near the hollow transparent sight glass to prevent frosting, light rays emitted by the high-brightness light source emitter transmit ice crystals in fuel oil to the high-speed camera through the hollow transparent sight glass, and then starting the high-speed camera to continuously shoot at a high speed;
and S6, calculating the actual physical size of the ice crystal according to the number of pixels covered by the measured ice crystal.
2. The method of claim 1 for optically measuring ice crystals within a flowing fuel, wherein: in step S3, the temperature of the fuel is reduced to minus 2 ℃ to minus 40 ℃.
3. A method of optically measuring ice crystals within a flowing fuel as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step S3, the temperature of the fuel is reduced to minus 11 ℃ to minus 27 ℃.
4. The method of claim 1 for optically measuring ice crystals within a flowing fuel, wherein: in step S5, the shooting frequency of the high-speed camera is set to 1000-10000 frames/second.
5. An optical measurement method of ice crystals in flowing fuel as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in step S5, the shooting frequency of the high-speed camera is set to 2000-6000 frames/second.
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