CN114322444A - Refrigerating unit and loading and unloading control method thereof - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 231100000716 Acceptable daily intake Toxicity 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refrigerating unit and a loading and unloading control method thereof. The loading and unloading control method of the refrigerating unit comprises the following steps: determining the target evaporation temperature of the unit according to the application scene of the unit; and according to the target evaporation temperature corresponding to the currently controlled unit, performing feedback regulation control on the energy level of the unit to realize loading and unloading control of the unit. According to different application scenes, the invention adopts different target evaporation temperatures to control loading and unloading of the unit, thereby effectively improving the loading and unloading speed of the unit and reducing energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of loading and unloading control of a step adjusting unit, in particular to a refrigerating unit and a loading and unloading control method thereof.
Background
Loading and unloading are important parts in the control process of the unit. Taking a screw rod parallel unit as an example, the screw rod parallel unit is formed by connecting a plurality of small-displacement compressors in parallel, has the advantages of strong peak regulation capability, optimal energy level range of each compressor and energy conservation, and is particularly suitable for large and medium logistics cold storage houses with frequent load change and large load deviation. The screw parallel unit is widely applied, some screw parallel units are applied to quick-freezing processing in a quick-freezing machine, and the processing characteristics of the quick-freezing machine are continuous goods feeding and stable load; some quick-freezing processing is applied to a quick-freezing chamber, and the quick-freezing processing of the quick-freezing chamber is characterized in that goods are fed in batches, and the load of the goods is unstable in the process from cooling to freezing. Some applications are in high and low temperature cold storage for cooling or refrigerating goods.
Therefore, for the unit, the unit is required to be controlled according to different occasions and application conditions, and the requirements of the refrigeration storage under different conditions are met. However, the existing unit has relatively single loading and unloading control, which causes the problems of low loading speed of the unit, large temperature fluctuation, large storage temperature fluctuation, high energy consumption and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a refrigerating unit and a loading and unloading control method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problem that the loading and unloading control of the unit in the prior art is relatively single.
The invention provides a loading and unloading control method of a refrigerating unit, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining a target evaporation temperature of a unit according to an application scene of the unit;
and 2, performing feedback regulation control on the energy level of the unit according to the target evaporation temperature corresponding to the currently controlled unit to realize loading and unloading control of the unit.
Further, the application scene is one of a high-temperature cold storage, a low-temperature cold storage, a quick freezing room and a quick freezer.
Further, when the application scene of the unit is a quick freezer, a high temperature refrigerator and a low temperature refrigerator, the step 2 specifically comprises:
comparing the saturation temperature of the current sampling period of the unit with the corresponding target evaporation temperature;
if the loading and unloading conditions are met, calculating according to PID control to obtain the current target energy level of the unit;
according to the current target energy level and an actual energy level formula when the unit is regulated in a staged manner, the compressor of the unit is regulated at a minimum time interval TSpacerAnd performing at least one of loading, unloading, opening or closing.
Further, when the application scene of the unit is a quick-freezing room, the step 2 specifically includes:
obtaining the freezing temperature of the food in the quick freezing room;
calculating to obtain a second target evaporation temperature according to the food freezing temperature;
comparing the saturation temperature (saturation temperature of refrigerant) of the current sampling period of the unit with the corresponding target evaporation temperature or a second target evaporation temperature;
if the loading condition corresponding to the second target evaporation temperature is met, calculating according to PD control to obtain the current target energy level of the unit;
if the loading and unloading conditions corresponding to the target evaporation temperature are met, calculating according to PID control to obtain the current target energy level of the unit;
according to the current target energy level and an actual energy level formula when the unit is regulated in a staged manner, the compressor of the unit is regulated at a minimum time interval TSpacerAnd performing at least one of loading, unloading, opening or closing.
Further, the second target evaporating temperature is obtained by subtracting the evaporator heat transfer temperature difference from the food freezing temperature.
Further, when three-level regulation is adopted for the unit, the actual energy level formula is E = (na a% + nb b% + nc)/n, where na is the number of electromagnetic valves of the compressor whose energy level adopts a%, nb is the number of electromagnetic valves of the compressor whose energy level adopts b%, nc is the number of electromagnetic valves of the compressor whose energy level adopts 100%, n is the total number of electromagnetic valves of the compressor, and a%, b%, and c% are preset level values.
Further, when the calculated current target energy level of the unit is inconsistent with the level value of the step regulation, selecting a preset level value which is smaller than the current target energy level and is closest to the current target energy level as the current target energy level value to perform loading control on the compressor during loading; and/or during unloading, selecting a preset level value which is larger than the current target energy level and is closest to the current target energy level as the current target energy level value to carry out unloading control on the compressor.
Further, when PID control is adopted, the current target energy level of the unit adopts a formula u（k）=u(k-1)+Kp*(1+T/TI+TD/T)*e(k)-Kp*(1+2TD/T)*e(k-1)+Kp*TD/T*e(k-2)Calculated, k is the serial number of the sampling period, T is the duration of the sampling period, u（k）Is the current target energy level, u, of the kth sampling period（k-1）Is the current target energy level, K, of the (K-1) th sampling periodpIs a proportionality coefficient, TIAs an integral coefficient, TDIs a differential coefficient, e(k)Temperature deviation value for k-th sampling period, e(k-1)Temperature deviation value of k-1 sampling period, e(k-2)And the temperature deviation value is the difference value of the target evaporation temperature and the actual evaporation temperature in the k-2 sampling period.
Further, the loading and unloading conditions corresponding to the target evaporation temperature include: when the saturation temperature of the unit and the corresponding target evaporation temperature meet T in m sampling periods（k）>Te+TTolerance errorThen, carrying out loading control; and/or when the saturation temperature of the unit and the corresponding target evaporation temperature meet T in M sampling periods（k）＜Te-TTolerance errorThen, unloading control is carried out;
wherein, T（k）Is the saturation temperature, TeIs the target evaporation temperature, TTolerance errorIs the tolerance for the evaporation temperature.
Further, when the PD control is adopted, the current target energy level of the unit adopts a formula u（k）=u(k-1)+Kp*(1+TD/T)*e(k)-Kp*(1+2TD/T)*e(k-1)+Kp*TD/T*e(k-2)Calculated, k is the serial number of the sampling period, T is the duration of the sampling period, u（k）Is the current target energy level, u, of the kth sampling period（k-1）Is the current target energy level, K, of the (K-1) th sampling periodpIs a proportionality coefficient, TDIs a differential coefficient, e(k)Temperature deviation value for k-th sampling period, e(k-1)Temperature deviation value of k-1 sampling period, e(k-2)And the temperature deviation value is the difference value of the target evaporation temperature and the actual evaporation temperature in the k-2 sampling period.
Further, when the application scene of the unit is a high-temperature cold storage, the value range of the corresponding target evaporation temperature is [ -20 ℃,5 ℃ ].
Further, when the application scene of the unit is a low-temperature refrigerator, a quick freezer or a quick freezer, the value range of the corresponding target evaporation temperature is between-50 ℃ and-15 ℃.
The refrigerating unit provided by the invention comprises a controller, wherein the controller adopts the loading and unloading control method of the refrigerating unit to carry out loading and unloading control on the refrigerating unit.
Further, the unit is a parallel on-line unit.
The invention determines different target evaporation temperatures for the unit based on different application scenes, and adjusts the energy level of the unit based on the target evaporation temperatures to load and unload, so that the loading speed of the unit is faster, the temperature fluctuation is more stable, and when the technical scheme of the invention is applied to the step-regulation parallel-connection unit, different processing is respectively carried out on different application scenes of the parallel-connection unit. Taking the application of the parallel screw units in the quick-freezing room as an example, a second target evaporation temperature is set according to the freezing temperature of the food, and the PD regulation or PID regulation is carried out on the energy levels of the parallel screw units according to different target evaporation temperatures. The invention carries out PID capacity adjustment on the parallel unit with multi-machine-head step adjustment, and can lead the existing parallel unit with multi-machine-head step adjustment to have high loading speed, small temperature fluctuation, high cooling speed of a cold storage and low energy consumption.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples and figures, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a parallel connection according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Thus, a feature indicated in this specification will serve to explain one of the features of one embodiment of the invention, and does not imply that every embodiment of the invention must have the stated feature. Further, it should be noted that this specification describes many features. Although some features may be combined to show a possible system design, these features may also be used in other combinations not explicitly described. Thus, the combinations illustrated are not intended to be limiting unless otherwise specified.
As shown in fig. 1, the loading and unloading control method for a refrigeration unit of the present invention determines the target evaporation temperature of the unit according to the application scenario of the unit, that is, different application scenarios, and the target evaporation temperature of the unit is different. And then according to the target evaporation temperature corresponding to the currently controlled unit, performing feedback regulation control on the energy level of the unit to realize loading and unloading control of the unit.
In one embodiment, the application scenario of the unit is one of a high-temperature refrigerator, a low-temperature refrigerator, a quick freezing room and a quick freezer. For example, a refrigerator with a temperature greater than 0 may be called a high temperature refrigerator, a refrigerator with a temperature of about-18 ℃ may be called a low temperature refrigerator, and a room with a temperature of about-35 ℃ may be called a quick freezing room, and the specific temperature of each application scenario may be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to the needs, and is not limited to the specific temperature recited in the present invention.
If the high-temperature cold storage is adopted, the value range of the target evaporation temperature corresponding to the high-temperature cold storage is [ -20 ℃ and 5 ℃, namely Te is more than or equal to-20 ℃ and less than or equal to 5 ℃. If the target evaporation temperature is a low-temperature refrigerator, a quick-freezing room or a quick freezer, the value range of the corresponding target evaporation temperature is between-50 ℃ and-15 ℃, namely Te between-50 ℃ and less than or equal to-15 ℃, and Te is the target evaporation temperature. In practical application, a person skilled in the art can select a specific and suitable value of the target evaporation temperature within the above value range.
When the application scene of the unit is a quick freezer, a high-temperature cold storage and a low-temperature cold storage, the method specifically comprises the following steps of performing feedback regulation control on the energy level of the unit according to the target evaporation temperature corresponding to the currently controlled unit to realize loading and unloading control of the unit.
Comparing the saturation temperature of the current sampling period of the unit with the corresponding target evaporation temperature;
if the loading and unloading conditions are met, calculating according to PID control to obtain the current target energy level of the unit;
according to the current target energy level and the actual energy level formula when the unit is regulated in a step mode, the compressor of the unit is regulated at the minimum time interval TSpacerAnd performing at least one of loading, unloading, opening or closing.
The following describes in detail the specific steps of implementing the loading and unloading control of the unit by performing feedback adjustment control on the energy level of the unit according to the target evaporation temperature corresponding to the currently controlled unit, by taking the instant freezer as an example.
The loading and unloading conditions corresponding to the target evaporation temperature of the instant freezer comprise: when the saturation temperature of the unit and the corresponding target evaporation temperature meet T in m sampling periods（k）>Te+TTolerance errorThen, carrying out loading control; and/or when the saturation temperature of the unit and the corresponding target evaporation temperature meet T within M sampling periods（k）＜Te-TTolerance errorThen, unloading control is carried out; wherein, T（k）The saturation temperature is obtained by table lookup conversion based on the suction pressure sensor PT. T iseIs the target evaporation temperature, TTolerance errorIs the tolerance for the evaporation temperature. When the saturation temperature of the unit and the corresponding target evaporation temperature are in M sampling cyclesSatisfies T within a periode+TTolerance error≥T（k）≥Te-TTolerance errorAnd current control is maintained. The skilled person can evaluate M according to specific conditions, for example, the formula T can be determined to be satisfied within 10 seconds（k）>Te+TTolerance errorThen, load control is performed.
If the loading and unloading conditions are met, the current target energy level of the unit is obtained through PID control calculation, and the specific current target energy level of the unit adopts a formula u（k）=u(k-1)+Kp*(1+T/TI+TD/T)*e(k)-Kp*(1+2TD/T)*e(k-1)+Kp*TD/T*e(k-2)Calculated, k is the serial number of the sampling period, T is the duration of the sampling period, u（k）Is the current target energy level, u, of the kth sampling period（k-1）Is the current target energy level, K, of the (K-1) th sampling periodpIs a proportionality coefficient, TIAs an integral coefficient, TDIs a differential coefficient, e(k)Temperature deviation value for k-th sampling period, e(k-1)Temperature deviation value of k-1 sampling period, e(k-2)And the temperature deviation value is the difference value of the target evaporation temperature and the actual evaporation temperature in the k-2 sampling period.
In addition to calculating the current target energy level, the actual energy level when the unit performs stepped regulation is also required to be calculated, for example, when the unit performs three-level regulation, the actual energy level formula is E = (na × + nb × + b% + nc)/n, where na is the number of solenoid valves for which the energy level performs a% loading and unloading of the compressor, nb is the number of solenoid valves for which the energy level performs b% loading and unloading of the compressor, nc is the number of solenoid valves for which the energy level performs 100% loading and unloading of the compressor, n is the total number of solenoid valves for the compressor, and a%, b%, and c% are preset level values.
In addition to calculating the current target energy level, the actual energy level of the unit is also required. The actual energy level formula is E = (na a% + nb% + nc)/n, wherein na is the number of the opening of the a% electromagnetic valves, nb is the number of the opening of the b% electromagnetic valves, nc is the number of the opening of the 100% electromagnetic valves, n is the total number of the compressors, a% and b% are preset level values, and na/nb/nc = value ranges from 0 to 1. For example, when the number of compressors is three, n =3, na/nb/nc =0 or 1 or 2 or 3, no corresponding solenoid valve is opened, and corresponding na, nb, nc = 0.
When the current target energy level is not consistent with the grade value of the step adjustment, selecting a preset grade value which is smaller than the current target energy level and is closest to the current target energy level as the current target energy level value to perform loading control on the compressor during loading; and/or during unloading, selecting a preset level value which is larger than the current target energy level and is closest to the current target energy level as the current target energy level value to carry out unloading control on the compressor, wherein the target energy level is adjusted to be a target U (k). When the actual energy level E of the unit is not consistent with the target energy level UK (after adjustment) in the continuous X time (X can be set), loading the unit when E is greater than UK; when E < UK, the unit is unloaded; e = UK crew maintenance. The loading sequence is that the compressor with the shortest running time is loaded in a percent, b percent and 100 percent. When the compressor is loaded to 100%, the compressor with the shortest running time is loaded in the sequence of a%, b% and 100%; the unloading sequence is that the longest compressor is unloaded in the order of 100%, b% and a% when the compressor is unloaded to a%, and the other compressor is unloaded and operated at 100% when the compressor is unloaded to a%.
When the application scene of the unit is the quick-freezing room, the method specifically comprises the following steps of performing feedback regulation control on the energy level of the unit according to the target evaporation temperature corresponding to the currently controlled unit to realize loading and unloading control of the unit.
Obtaining the freezing temperature T of the food in the quick freezing roomFreezing of；
Calculating to obtain a second target evaporation temperature T according to the freezing temperature of the foodObject 1The specific second target evaporation temperature is represented by the formula TGoal 1=TFreezing of-TTemperature differenceIs calculated to obtain TTemperature differenceTransferring a heat transfer temperature difference for the evaporator;
comparing the saturation temperature (saturation temperature of refrigerant) of the current sampling period of the unit with the corresponding target evaporation temperature or the second target evaporation temperature; and if the loading condition corresponding to the second target evaporation temperature is met, calculating according to the PD control to obtain the current target energy level of the unit. E.g. saturation of the plantAnd the temperature satisfies T within M sampling periods（k）≥TObject 1And in time, the PD control is adopted to carry out loading control on the unit. When the PD control is adopted, the current target energy level of the unit adopts a formula u（k）=u(k-1)+Kp*(1+TD/T)*e(k)-Kp*(1+2TD/T)*e(k-1)+Kp*TD/T*e(k-2)Calculated, k is the serial number of the sampling period, T is the duration of the sampling period, u（k）Is the current target energy level, u, of the kth sampling period（k-1）Is the current target energy level, K, of the (K-1) th sampling periodpIs a proportionality coefficient, TDIs a differential coefficient, e(k)Temperature deviation value for k-th sampling period, e(k-1)Temperature deviation value of k-1 sampling period, e(k-2)And the temperature deviation value is the difference value of the target evaporation temperature and the actual evaporation temperature in the k-2 sampling period.
And if the loading and unloading conditions corresponding to the target evaporation temperature are met, calculating according to PID control to obtain the current target energy level of the unit. For example, when the saturation temperature of the unit and the corresponding target evaporation temperature meet T in m sampling periods（k）>Te+TTolerance errorThen, carrying out loading control; and/or when the saturation temperature of the unit and the corresponding target evaporation temperature meet T within M sampling periods（k）＜Te-TTolerance errorThen, the unloading control is performed.
According to the current target energy level and the actual energy level formula when the unit is regulated in a step mode, the compressor of the unit is regulated at the minimum time interval TSpacerAnd performing at least one of loading, unloading, opening or closing.
The invention also protects the refrigerating unit, which comprises a controller, wherein the controller adopts the loading and unloading control method of the refrigerating unit to carry out loading and unloading control on the unit. The units of the invention are all refrigeration units, and meanwhile, the refrigeration units of the invention can realize refrigeration and heating according to actual needs.
In one embodiment, the unit of the present invention is a parallel unit, including but not limited to a stepped adjusting screw parallel unit. Fig. 2 shows a specific structural diagram of a screw parallel unit having a plurality of compressors connected in parallel, in which exhaust lines of all the compressors are joined and then sequentially connected to an oil separator, a condenser, an electromagnetic valve, a thermostatic expansion valve, an evaporator, and finally returned to an intake line of the compressor. The air suction pipeline is also provided with an air suction pressure sensor and an air suction temperature sensor, each compressor is provided with a three-stage adjusting pipeline, each adjusting pipeline is provided with an adjusting electromagnetic valve, one end of each adjusting pipeline is connected with the oil separator, the other end of each adjusting pipeline is connected with the compressor, and the refrigerant flows to the compressor from the oil separator.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. A loading and unloading control method for a refrigerating unit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining a target evaporation temperature of a unit according to an application scene of the unit;
and 2, performing feedback regulation control on the energy level of the unit according to the target evaporation temperature corresponding to the currently controlled unit to realize loading and unloading control of the unit.
2. The loading and unloading control method of the unit according to claim 1, wherein the application scenario is one of a high-temperature refrigerator, a low-temperature refrigerator, a quick freezer and a quick freezer.
3. The loading and unloading control method of the unit according to claim 2, wherein when the application scenario of the unit is a quick freezer, a high temperature refrigerator, or a low temperature refrigerator, the step 2 specifically includes:
comparing the saturation temperature of the current sampling period of the unit with the corresponding target evaporation temperature;
if the loading and unloading conditions are met, calculating according to PID control to obtain the current target energy level of the unit;
according to the current target energy level and an actual energy level formula when the unit is regulated in a staged manner, the compressor of the unit is regulated at a minimum time interval TSpacerAnd performing at least one of loading, unloading, opening or closing.
4. The loading and unloading control method for the unit as claimed in claim 2, wherein when the application scenario of the unit is quick-freeze room, the step 2 specifically comprises:
obtaining the freezing temperature of the food in the quick freezing room;
calculating to obtain a second target evaporation temperature according to the food freezing temperature;
comparing the saturation temperature (saturation temperature of refrigerant) of the current sampling period of the unit with the corresponding target evaporation temperature or a second target evaporation temperature;
if the loading condition corresponding to the second target evaporation temperature is met, calculating according to PD control to obtain the current target energy level of the unit;
if the loading and unloading conditions corresponding to the target evaporation temperature are met, calculating according to PID control to obtain the current target energy level of the unit;
according to the current target energy level and an actual energy level formula when the unit is regulated in a staged manner, the compressor of the unit is regulated at a minimum time interval TSpacerAnd performing at least one of loading, unloading, opening or closing.
5. The loading and unloading control method of an assembly according to claim 4, wherein the second target evaporating temperature is obtained by subtracting an evaporator heat transfer temperature difference from the food freezing temperature.
6. The loading/unloading control method for a plant according to claim 3 or 4, wherein when three-stage regulation is performed on the plant, the actual energy level formula is E = (na a% + nb% + nc)/n, where na is the number of solenoid valves for which the energy level is loaded/unloaded with a%, nb is the number of solenoid valves for which the energy level is loaded/unloaded with b%, nc is the number of solenoid valves for which the energy level is loaded/unloaded with 100%, n is the total number of solenoid valves for the compressor, and a%, b%, and c% are preset level values.
7. The loading and unloading control method of the unit according to claim 3 or 4, wherein when the calculated current target energy level of the unit is not consistent with the level value of the step adjustment, and during loading, a preset level value which is smaller than the current target energy level and is closest to the current target energy level is selected as the current target energy level value to perform loading control on the compressor; and/or during unloading, selecting a preset level value which is larger than the current target energy level and is closest to the current target energy level as the current target energy level value to carry out unloading control on the compressor.
8. The loading and unloading control method of a unit as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein when PID control is adopted, the current target energy level of the unit adopts a formula u（k）=u(k-1)+Kp*(1+T/TI+TD/T)*e(k)-Kp*(1+2TD/T)*e(k-1)+Kp*TD/T*e(k-2)Calculated, k is the serial number of the sampling period, T is the duration of the sampling period, u（k）Is the current target energy level, u, of the kth sampling period（k-1）Is the current target energy level, K, of the (K-1) th sampling periodpIs a proportionality coefficient, TIAs an integral coefficient, TDIs a differential coefficient, e(k)Temperature deviation value for k-th sampling period, e(k-1)Temperature deviation value of k-1 sampling period, e(k-2)And the temperature deviation value is the difference value of the target evaporation temperature and the actual evaporation temperature in the k-2 sampling period.
9. Loading and unloading control method for units according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in thatThe loading and unloading conditions corresponding to the target evaporation temperature comprise: when the saturation temperature of the unit and the corresponding target evaporation temperature meet T in m sampling periods（k）>Te+TTolerance errorThen, carrying out loading control; and/or when the saturation temperature of the unit and the corresponding target evaporation temperature meet T in M sampling periods（k）＜Te-TTolerance errorThen, unloading control is carried out;
wherein, T（k）Is the saturation temperature, TeIs the target evaporation temperature, TTolerance errorIs the tolerance for the evaporation temperature.
10. The loading and unloading control method for an assembly according to claim 4, wherein when the PD control is adopted, the current target energy level of the assembly adopts a formula u（k）=u(k-1)+Kp*(1+TD/T)*e(k)-Kp*(1+2TD/T)*e(k-1)+Kp*TD/T*e(k-2)Calculated, k is the serial number of the sampling period, T is the duration of the sampling period, u（k）Is the current target energy level, u, of the kth sampling period（k-1）Is the current target energy level, K, of the (K-1) th sampling periodpIs a proportionality coefficient, TDIs a differential coefficient, e(k)Temperature deviation value for k-th sampling period, e(k-1)Temperature deviation value of k-1 sampling period, e(k-2)And the temperature deviation value is the difference value of the target evaporation temperature and the actual evaporation temperature in the k-2 sampling period.
11. The loading and unloading control method of the unit according to claim 2, wherein when the application scenario of the unit is a high-temperature refrigerator, the range of the corresponding target evaporation temperature is [ -20 ℃,5 ℃ ].
12. The loading and unloading control method of the unit according to claim 2, wherein when the application scenario of the unit is a low-temperature refrigerator, a quick freezer, or a freezer, the range of the corresponding target evaporation temperature is [ -50 ℃, -15 ℃ ].
13. A refrigeration unit comprising a controller, wherein the controller controls the loading and unloading of the unit by using the method for controlling the loading and unloading of the refrigeration unit according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
14. The loading and unloading control method of the unit as set forth in claim 13, wherein said refrigerating unit is a parallel on-line unit.
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