CN114322333A - Solar water heater system with auxiliary heating function - Google Patents

Solar water heater system with auxiliary heating function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114322333A
CN114322333A CN202210065838.3A CN202210065838A CN114322333A CN 114322333 A CN114322333 A CN 114322333A CN 202210065838 A CN202210065838 A CN 202210065838A CN 114322333 A CN114322333 A CN 114322333A
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pipeline
compressor
water heater
valve
line
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CN202210065838.3A
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CN114322333B (en
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宋强
赵炜
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Qingdao Vocational And Technical College Of Hotel Management
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Qingdao Vocational And Technical College Of Hotel Management
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44Heat exchange systems

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Abstract

The invention provides an auxiliary heating solar water heater system which comprises a heat collector and a water heater, wherein fluid heated by the heat collector enters the water heater through a second pipeline for heat exchange, the fluid subjected to heat exchange enters the heat collector through a first pipeline, the auxiliary heating solar water heater system also comprises a compressor and a throttling device, the compressor is arranged on a compressor pipeline connected in parallel with the second pipeline, the throttling device is arranged on a throttling device pipeline connected in parallel with the first pipeline, the first pipeline is a pipeline through which the fluid flows into the heat collector from the water heater, and the second pipeline is a pipeline through which the fluid flows into the water heater from the heat collector. The invention provides a heat pump auxiliary heating solar water heater system, which starts a heat pump to perform auxiliary heating according to the utilization condition of solar energy, ensures that a solar water heater reaches a proper output temperature, and has wider applicability.

Description

Solar water heater system with auxiliary heating function
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solar technology, in particular to an auxiliary heating solar water heater system.
Background
With the rapid development of modern socioeconomic, the demand of human beings on energy is increasing. However, the continuous decrease and shortage of traditional energy reserves such as coal, oil, natural gas and the like causes the continuous increase of price, and the environmental pollution problem caused by the conventional fossil fuel is more serious, which greatly limits the development of society and the improvement of the life quality of human beings. Energy problems have become one of the most prominent problems in the modern world. Therefore, the search for new energy sources, especially clean energy sources without pollution, has become a hot spot of research.
Solar energy is inexhaustible clean energy and has huge resource amount, and the total amount of solar radiation energy collected on the surface of the earth every year is 1 multiplied by 1018kW.h, which is ten thousand times of the total energy consumed in the world year. The utilization of solar energy has been taken as an important item for developing new energy in all countries in the world, and the government of China has already clearly proposed to actively develop new energy in government work reports, wherein the utilization of solar energy especially occupies a prominent position. However, the solar radiation has a small energy density (about one kilowatt per square meter) and is discontinuous, which brings certain difficulties for large-scale exploitation and utilization. Therefore, in order to widely use solar energy, not only the technical problems should be solved, but also it is necessary to be economically competitive with conventional energy sources.
The solar water heater converts solar energy into heat energy, and heats water from low temperature to high temperature through the heat energy so as to meet the use requirement of hot water in life and production of people. The clean energy of the solar energy is beneficial to reducing the use of non-renewable energy and reducing the emission of carbon.
However, the existing solar water heater generally has the following disadvantages: when the sun is not available in cloudy days or at night, the temperature output by the water heater is too low to meet the actual living needs, so that inconvenience is brought to life.
In view of the above technical defects of the prior art, although the prior art also has some auxiliary heating functions, such as electric heating, etc., the heating efficiency is low and energy is not saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an auxiliary heating solar water heater system which can realize the rapid heating function of a solar water heater under the condition of insufficient solar energy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the solar water heater system comprises a heat collector and a water heater, wherein fluid heated by the heat collector enters the water heater through a second pipeline for heat exchange, the fluid subjected to heat exchange enters the heat collector through a first pipeline, the solar water heater system further comprises a compressor and a throttling device, the compressor is arranged on a compressor pipeline connected with the second pipeline in parallel, the throttling device is arranged on a throttling device pipeline connected with the first pipeline in parallel, the first pipeline is a pipeline through which the fluid flows into the heat collector from the water heater, and the second pipeline is a pipeline through which the fluid flows into the water heater from the heat collector.
Preferably, the first pipeline is provided with a first pipeline valve, the second pipeline is provided with a second pipeline valve, the compressor pipeline is provided with a compressor valve, and the throttling device pipeline is provided with a throttling device valve.
Preferably, when solar energy is insufficient, the compressor valve and the throttle valve are opened and the compressor and the throttle start to operate.
Preferably, when solar energy is not available, the first pipeline valve and the second pipeline valve are closed, the compressor valve and the throttling device valve are opened, and the compressor and the throttling device start to operate.
Preferably, a temperature sensor is included for detecting the temperature in the heat collector, when the temperature in the heat collector is detected to be lower than a preset temperature, the first pipeline valve and the second pipeline valve controlled by the controller are closed, the compressor valve and the throttling device valve are opened, and the compressor and the throttling device start to operate.
Preferably, the first pipeline, the second pipeline, the heat collector and the water heater form a loop heat pipe system.
Preferably, the heat collector is internally provided with a capillary structure, a compensation cavity and an evaporation cavity, the compensation cavity is connected with the capillary structure, and the capillary structure is connected with the evaporation cavity.
Preferably, the capillary structure adopts a porous material as a framework, so that a space gap is arranged in the capillary structure, and the expansion particles with low thermal conductivity and high expansion coefficient are arranged in the space gap.
Preferably, the heat collector is a concentrating solar heat collector.
Preferably, the nominal dimensional diameter of the spatial gap is in the range of 40 μm to 100 μm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention provides a heat pump auxiliary heating solar water heater system, which starts a heat pump to perform auxiliary heating according to the utilization condition of solar energy, ensures that a solar water heater reaches a proper output temperature, and has wider applicability.
2) The invention improves the prior solar water heater, provides an auxiliary heating solar water heater system, starts a heat pump for auxiliary heating according to the utilization condition of solar energy, ensures that the solar water heater reaches proper output temperature, and has wider applicability.
3) The invention has the function of automatically heating the water heater by automatically controlling the opening and closing of the compressor valve and the throttling device valve according to the detected temperature, further improves the intelligent degree of the system, ensures the stable operation of the solar water heater and has wider applicability.
4) The capillary structure with lower heat conductivity coefficient and high expansion characteristic material arranged in the heat collector ensures the power supply of the loop heat pipe circulation, effectively prevents the vapor-liquid interface from moving to the liquid side, and reduces the flow resistance of the gas working medium.
5) The expansion coefficient of the expansion particles is variably designed along with the position of the capillary structure, so that the circulating power supply of the solar heat collector can be further ensured, the vapor-liquid interface is effectively prevented from moving to the liquid side, and the flow resistance of the gas working medium is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system schematic of a solar water heater of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat collector of a solar water heater according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a loop heat pipe capillary structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows an auxiliary heating solar water heater system. As shown in fig. 1, the solar water heater system comprises a heat collector 1 and a water heater 2, wherein fluid heated by the heat collector 1 enters the water heater 2 through a second pipeline 4 for heat exchange, and fluid after heat exchange enters the heat collector 1 through a first pipeline 3. As shown in fig. 1, the system further includes a compressor 5 and a throttling device 6, the compressor 5 is disposed on a compressor pipeline connected in parallel with a second pipeline, the throttling device is disposed on a throttling device pipeline connected in parallel with the first pipeline 3, the first pipeline is provided with a first pipeline valve 7, the second pipeline is provided with a second pipeline valve 8, the compressor pipeline is provided with a compressor valve 9, and the throttling device pipeline is provided with a throttling device valve 10. The first line is a line for fluid flow from the water heater to the heat collector and the second line is a line for fluid flow from the heat collector to the water heater.
The invention improves the prior solar water heater, provides an auxiliary heating solar water heater system, realizes the auxiliary heating operation of the water heater by operating the opening and closing of the compressor valve and the throttling device valve, ensures that the solar water heater reaches the proper output temperature, and has wider applicability.
Preferably, when the solar charge is sufficient, the first and second line valves 7 and 8 are opened, and the compressor valve 9 and the throttle valve 10 are closed.
Preferably, when there is no solar energy, for example, during cloudy days or at night, the first line valve 7, the second line valve 8 are closed, the compressor valve and the throttle valve are opened, and the compressor and the throttle start to operate.
Preferably, when there is a portion of solar energy but insufficient heat to meet the actual demand, both the solar energy and the heat pump system may be activated at the same time. That is, the first line valve 7 and the second line valve 8 are opened to a certain degree or all degrees, the compressor valve and the throttle valve are opened to a certain degree or all degrees, and the compressor and the throttle start to operate. Meanwhile, solar energy can be utilized, and the heat pump is started to assist in heating, so that the power of the heat pump can be reduced, and the energy-saving effect is achieved. Preferably, in this case, the first pipeline valve 7 and the second pipeline valve 8 may be closed, and all the fluid may enter the heat pump system, so as to avoid that a part of the fluid is not heated, and the output temperature is too low.
Preferably, the compressor circuit and/or the second circuit further comprises a power device for transmitting fluid to the compressor circuit and the second circuit.
The invention can determine whether auxiliary heating is needed according to actual needs.
Preferably, a temperature sensor is included and is used for detecting the temperature of the fluid in the heat collector, when the detected temperature is lower than a certain temperature, the compressor valve and the throttling device valve controlled by the controller are opened, and the compressor and the throttling device start to operate, so that the auxiliary heating function is started. The invention has the automatic auxiliary function of automatically controlling the opening and closing of the compressor valve and the throttling device valve according to the detected temperature, further improves the intelligent degree of the system, avoids the damage of the heat collector, ensures the stable operation of the heat collector and has wider applicability. Preferably, in this case, the first pipeline valve 7 and the second pipeline valve 8 may be closed, and all the fluid may enter the heat pump system, so as to avoid that a part of the fluid is not heated, and the output temperature is too low.
Preferably, when the difference between the detected temperature of the fluid in the heat collector and the predetermined temperature is lower than a certain value, the opening of the compressor valve and the opening of the throttle device valve can be automatically controlled to be a certain opening, and when the difference between the detected temperature of the fluid in the heat collector and the predetermined temperature exceeds a certain value, the opening of the compressor valve and the opening of the throttle device valve can be opened to be the maximum. The compressor valve and the throttling device valve are started according to the actual temperature monitoring condition, so that the phenomenon that the output temperature of the water heater is too high and energy waste is caused is avoided.
Preferably, whether auxiliary heating is required or not can be selected according to the temperature of water in the water heater. For example, when the detected temperature of the water is lower than a certain temperature, preferably lower than a required temperature, the controller automatically starts the auxiliary heating operation, the compressor valve and the throttle valve are opened, and the compressor and the throttle start to operate. Preferably, in this case, the first pipeline valve 7 and the second pipeline valve 8 may be closed, and all the fluid may enter the heat pump system, so as to avoid that a part of the fluid is not heated, and the output temperature is too low.
Preferably, when the difference between the detected temperature of the water in the water heater and the predetermined temperature is lower than a certain value, the opening degree of the compressor valve and the opening degree of the throttle device valve can be automatically controlled to be opened to a certain degree, and when the difference between the detected temperature of the water in the water heater and the predetermined temperature exceeds a certain value, the opening degree of the compressor valve and the opening degree of the throttle device valve can be opened to the maximum. The compressor valve and the throttling device valve are started according to the actual temperature monitoring condition, so that the phenomenon that the output temperature of the water heater is too high and energy waste is caused is avoided.
Preferably, when there is no solar energy at all, for example, at night, the first pipeline valve 7 and the second pipeline valve 8 may be closed, and all the fluid may enter the heat pump system, so as to avoid that part of the fluid is not heated, and the output temperature is too low.
Preferably, when the compressor valve and the throttle valve are opened to a certain degree, the first line valve 7 and the second line valve 8 are closed to a certain degree at the same time. Through the operation, the reasonable distribution of the fluid in a normal solar heat supply system and a heat pump system is ensured, and the increased flow in the heat pump is ensured to be consistent with the reduced flow of the solar heat supply pipeline.
Preferably, the first pipeline, the second pipeline, the heat collector and the water heater form a loop heat pipe system. The solar water heater system is a loop heat pipe collector system. The heat collector is a heat pipe evaporator.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, a capillary structure 11, a liquid compensation cavity 12 and an evaporation cavity 13 are arranged in the heat collector, the liquid compensation cavity is connected with the capillary structure 11, and the capillary structure is connected with the evaporation cavity 13.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the capillary structure 11 uses a porous material as a skeleton, such that a space gap 111 is provided in the capillary structure, and expanded particles 112 having a low thermal conductivity and a high expansion coefficient are provided in the space gap.
Preferably, the collector is a trough solar collector. Preferably, the heat collector is a concentrating solar heat collector, and the lens is disposed on an upper portion of the heat collector.
Preferably, the expanded particles are spherical.
Preferably, the nominal dimension of the voids ranges from 40 μm to 100 μm in diameter, and the thermal conductivity of the expanded particles ranges from 0.1W/(mK) to 0.24W/(mK). Preferably, the expanded particle has a volume expansion ratio of 10 to 40.
Preferably, the expanded particles are expandable microspheres having an alkane core and a thermoplastic shell surrounding the core.
The capillary structure has lower heat conductivity coefficient, so that the heat of the evaporation cavity is not easy to transfer to the compensation cavity side, the heat leakage is reduced, and the stable operation of the loop heat pipe is ensured. The volume of the expanded particles of the high-expansion characteristic material is larger along with the temperature change, the volume of the expanded particles is smaller on the liquid side with lower temperature, the space gap of the sintered fiber is larger, and the aperture through which the liquid working medium flows is larger, so that the flow resistance is favorably reduced, the quick supplement of the working medium is favorably realized, and the circulation stability is ensured; and at the vapor-liquid interface with higher temperature, the volume of the filled expanded particles expands and increases along with the rise of the temperature, the expanded particles can further fill large space gaps, the reduced aperture provides higher capillary driving force, the circulating power supply of the loop heat pipe is ensured, the vapor-liquid interface is effectively prevented from moving to the liquid side, and the flow resistance of the gas working medium is reduced.
Preferably, the outer shell is at least one of a vinylidene chloride copolymer, an acrylonitrile copolymer, and an acrylic copolymer.
Preferably, the alkane core is at least one of isobutane, isopentane.
Preferably, the thermal deformation temperature of the shell is 40 ℃ to 80 ℃, so that the shell of the expanded particles has stronger strength on the liquid side with lower temperature and is not easy to deform, and the shell of the expanded particles is easy to generate plastic deformation on the steam side with higher temperature, thereby being beneficial to volume change.
Preferably, the expansion rate of the expanded particles increases gradually from the compensation chamber to the evaporation chamber. Because the pore diameter is larger and the working medium is easy to flow and is closer to the evaporation cavity, the pore diameter is smaller and the capillary suction force is better due to expansion reasons, so that the sufficient supplementary inflow of fluid is ensured, the dryness of the gas-liquid section is avoided, the capillary suction force in the direction of the evaporation cavity needs to be enhanced, the expansion volume is gradually increased from the compensation cavity to the evaporation cavity, the capillary suction force is enhanced, and the stable operation of the loop heat pipe is ensured.
Preferably, the thermal conductivity of the expanded particles decreases gradually from the compensation chamber to the evaporation chamber. Through the continuous reduction of coefficient of heat conductivity, increase the heat transfer resistance who is close to the evaporation chamber, can further make the heat of evaporation chamber be difficult for transmitting for compensation chamber side, reduce "heat leakage", guarantee loop heat pipe's more steady operation.
Preferably, the decreasing thermal conductivity of the expanded particles increases in magnitude from the compensation chamber to the evaporation chamber. Research shows that the gradually-reduced amplitude of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the expansion particles is increased along with the approach of the evaporation cavity, so that the requirement is further met.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The solar water heater system is characterized by further comprising a compressor and a throttling device, wherein the compressor is arranged on a compressor pipeline which is connected with the second pipeline in parallel, the throttling device is arranged on a throttling device pipeline which is connected with the first pipeline in parallel, the first pipeline is a pipeline through which fluid flows into the heat collector from the water heater, and the second pipeline is a pipeline through which fluid flows into the water heater from the heat collector.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first line has a first line valve disposed thereon, the second line has a second line valve disposed thereon, the compressor line has a compressor valve disposed thereon, and the throttle device line has a throttle device valve disposed thereon.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein when solar energy is insufficient, the compressor valve and the throttle valve are opened and the compressor and the throttle begin to operate.
4. The system of claim 2, wherein in the absence of solar energy, the first line valve, the second line valve are closed, the compressor valve and the throttle device valve are opened, and the compressor and the throttle device begin to operate.
5. The system of claim 2 including a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature within the collector, the controller controlling the first and second line valves to close, the compressor valve and the throttle valve to open, and the compressor and the throttle device to start operating when the sensed temperature within the collector is less than a predetermined temperature.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first conduit, the second conduit, the heat collector, and the water heater comprise a loop heat pipe system.
7. The system of claim 1 wherein the collector has a capillary structure, a compensation chamber and an evaporation chamber therein, the compensation chamber being connected to the capillary structure and the capillary structure being connected to the evaporation chamber.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the capillary structure comprises a porous material as a skeleton, such that a space is provided in the capillary structure, and the low thermal conductivity, high expansion coefficient expanded particles are provided in the space.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein said thermal collector is a concentrating solar thermal collector.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein the spatial gap has a nominal diameter dimension in the range of 40 μm to 100 μm.
CN202210065838.3A 2022-01-20 2022-01-20 Solar water heater system with auxiliary heating function Active CN114322333B (en)

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CN114322333B CN114322333B (en) 2023-04-07

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201318810Y (en) * 2008-09-18 2009-09-30 潘戈 Freeze-proof solar energy heat collecting system
CN101672539A (en) * 2008-09-10 2010-03-17 潘戈 Antifreezing method for solar energy collection system and antifreezing solar energy collection system
CN109931721A (en) * 2018-09-05 2019-06-25 上海理工大学 One kind is based on solar heat-preservation defrosting Gas-supplying enthalpy-increasing heat pump system
CN110030762A (en) * 2019-04-09 2019-07-19 广东五星太阳能股份有限公司 Solar energy-air source couples heat source Multifunctional heat pump system
CN210425619U (en) * 2019-08-26 2020-04-28 义乌市一宸新能源有限公司 Heat pump system for preventing bottom of heat exchanger from icing and frosting
CN215176143U (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-12-14 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Refrigerator defrosting system and refrigerator

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101672539A (en) * 2008-09-10 2010-03-17 潘戈 Antifreezing method for solar energy collection system and antifreezing solar energy collection system
CN201318810Y (en) * 2008-09-18 2009-09-30 潘戈 Freeze-proof solar energy heat collecting system
CN109931721A (en) * 2018-09-05 2019-06-25 上海理工大学 One kind is based on solar heat-preservation defrosting Gas-supplying enthalpy-increasing heat pump system
CN110030762A (en) * 2019-04-09 2019-07-19 广东五星太阳能股份有限公司 Solar energy-air source couples heat source Multifunctional heat pump system
CN210425619U (en) * 2019-08-26 2020-04-28 义乌市一宸新能源有限公司 Heat pump system for preventing bottom of heat exchanger from icing and frosting
CN215176143U (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-12-14 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Refrigerator defrosting system and refrigerator

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