CN114321183A - Intelligent water-lubricated bearing capable of automatically monitoring abrasion loss - Google Patents
Intelligent water-lubricated bearing capable of automatically monitoring abrasion loss Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of automatically monitoring wear loss, which comprises a cylindrical bearing bush, a lining arranged on the inner wall of the bearing bush and a monitoring device for monitoring the wear loss of the lining, wherein the lining is arranged on the inner wall of the bearing bush; the lining comprises a lining base body and a wear layer which is arranged on the inner surface of the lining base body and is in contact with the rotating shaft, wherein the wear layer is made of a high polymer material and a conductive filler; the monitoring device comprises two electrodes which are in contact with the wearing layer at a certain distance and a resistance measuring device connected with the two electrodes, the resistance of the wearing layer between the two electrodes is monitored in real time through the resistance measuring device, the resistance changes along with the wearing layer is worn, and the change of the resistance is converted into the change of the wearing layer according to the proportion. The method can monitor the wear loss of the water-lubricated bearing in real time, can monitor the wear loss of each part of the bearing in different areas, and can estimate the wear loss of each part of the bearing, thereby accurately predicting the residual life of the bearing. So as to adapt to the condition that the rotating shaft and the bearing are not concentric.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of materials, and relates to a bearing, in particular to an intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of automatically monitoring abrasion loss.
Background
The bearings are an important component of the transmission system, and the failure of the bearings often leads to the breakdown of the entire mechanical transmission system, so that the reliability requirement is extremely high. At present, although oil lubrication bearings are widely used, when a mechanical system works underwater, the oil lubrication bearings have oil leakage risks and easily cause environmental problems. Therefore, to avoid the above problems, water lubricated bearings are gradually being widely used.
At present, marine propulsion systems are the largest field of application for water lubricated bearings. Although water lubricated bearings can work well for more than ten years according to the experience of shipyards, from the data collected at present, many ship accidents still occur each year due to the failure of the water lubricated bearings, which greatly affects the safety and reliability of marine navigation.
In order to solve the reliability problem of the water lubrication bearing, the in-situ online monitoring of the water lubrication bearing is an effective method. On the basis of keeping high performance, the intelligent bearing integrates the related sensors into the body, directly obtains performance characterization parameters of the intelligent bearing, extracts multi-source data characteristic parameters by combining knowledge information such as system working condition environment, component coupling relation and the like, and effectively evaluates working state and residual life.
In the prior art, research on intelligent water lubrication bearings is very limited. Generally, only a design concept exists, deeper engineering application and research are not carried out, and generally, in order to avoid the damage of an underwater environment to a sensor, a method of embedding the sensor into a lining is mostly adopted in the existing design. However, the embedding of the sensor can cause mechanical damage to the bearing liner, thereby reducing its reliability. It is therefore important to find a monitoring means that does not affect the frictional properties of the liner.
Patent CN 113300628A discloses an intelligent water lubricated bearing based on friction nano generator, including: the bearing comprises a cylindrical shaft shell and a cylindrical shaft bushing which is arranged in the shaft shell and is in interference fit with the shaft shell, wherein a plurality of water grooves are uniformly and penetratingly engraved in the inner wall of the shaft bushing along the axial direction; and a friction nano generator is arranged at the port position of one end or two ends of at least one water tank, and the friction nano generator is set to respond to the magnitude of water flow and output an electric signal and transmit the electric signal to an external monitoring terminal. The bearing running state monitoring device has strong bearing capacity, can complete bearing running state monitoring under the condition of no external power supply, and has the advantages of safety, reliability, wide applicable environment, high monitoring sensitivity, environmental friendliness and the like. The technology is only provided with the nanometer friction generator, and the flow of the lubricating water in the water tank is judged according to the generated energy, so that automatic monitoring is realized, but the method can only monitor the flow of the lubricating water in the water tank, and cannot monitor the abrasion loss.
Patent CN 112228449 a discloses a variable-stiffness intelligent water-lubricated bearing, which comprises a tubular housing and a tubular liner fixed on the inner wall of the housing, wherein the liner is formed by vulcanizing a high-molecular rubber alloy elastomer, and at least one magnetorheological elastomer is embedded in the liner. The rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer can be controlled by adjusting an external electric field to achieve the purpose of controllable deformation of a rubber interface while the vibration reduction, noise reduction and impact resistance are continued, so that the rigidity-flexibility composite high-bearing intelligent water lubricated bearing with variable rigidity is provided, and the contradiction between high specific pressure and low noise of the water lubricated bearing can be effectively overcome; the utility model also provides a general variable rigidity intelligence water lubricated bearing power transmission system, can utilize passive sensor to collect the performance data under the dynamic working condition of being in service, with the real-time interaction of outside stepless pressure regulating circulating water system to reach the purpose that reduces interface transient temperature rise, wearing and tearing and improve the operational reliability. And reference is also made in the description to the embedding of passive sensors within the liner. The passive sensor with the specific function can be used for directly monitoring the temperature, stress, deformation, noise and other data of the liner of the water lubricated bearing in real time, and the data are transmitted to the control system, so that the analysis of the running state of the water lubricated bearing is facilitated, and the adjustment of the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer according to the running state is facilitated, and the running of the bearing is optimized. Example (c): under deep sea pressure, in order to improve the running stability and the acoustic performance of the rotor, the deformation of the lining needs to be strictly controlled so as to reduce the runout of the rotor. Therefore, the passive sensor obtains the rubber deformation amount under different seawater depths, and the control system controls the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer through the deformation amount signal to reduce the deformation of the lining and achieve the purpose of optimizing the jumping amount. The patent mainly adjusts the rigidity of the lining by embedding the magnetorheological elastomer to achieve the purpose of optimizing the jumping amount. Although it mentions that a passive sensor can be arranged to monitor temperature, stress and deformation, no specific technical means is provided, and the parameters are mechanically related, so that passive monitoring can be performed by adopting piezoelectric materials, and passive detection cannot be realized for the lack of the wear amount of the lining.
Patent CN103438101B discloses a water-lubricated rubber alloy intelligent bearing, which comprises a cylindrical shaft housing and a rubber alloy lining sleeved in the shaft housing, wherein grooves for passing lubricating water are annularly arranged on the inner wall of the rubber alloy lining, an inward concave bearing working surface is arranged on the inner wall of the rubber alloy lining between every two adjacent grooves, and the grooves and the bearing working surface extend along the axial direction of the rubber alloy lining and penetrate through two ends of the rubber alloy lining; the monitoring device comprises a data receiving device and a sensor group which is arranged in the bearing working face and used for measuring the running parameters of the bearing in real time, and the sensor group is in wireless connection with the data receiving device. The water lubrication rubber alloy intelligent bearing can improve the bearing capacity and the shock resistance, prolong the service life of the bearing, carry out online intelligent measurement and control on dynamic data in the operation process, and make prediction and prejudgment on the failure of the water lubrication bearing so as to improve the reliability. Although this technique discloses active sensors and discloses how power is supplied, sensors for vibration, temperature, etc. may be provided, it is not possible to monitor the amount of wear.
For a ship shafting, in the actual working process, due to the cantilever action of a screw propeller at the tail end of the shafting, the central line at the journal of a stern bearing is not superposed with the central line of a bearing hole, so that a water film is difficult to form, and the tail end is more seriously abraded. Therefore, an intelligent bearing capable of monitoring the abrasion of different positions of the water lubricated bearing needs to be designed, so that valuable data can be provided for water film distribution and dynamic characteristic research of the water lubricated bearing, the accuracy of state evaluation of the water lubricated bearing can be further improved, and the reliability of a ship is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
One object of the present invention is to: the intelligent water lubrication bearing capable of monitoring the abrasion loss can improve the friction performance of the bearing and can estimate the abrasion loss in real time. Through embedding of different sensors, the sensor can monitor various data of the bearing in a working state, and evaluate and predict the failure and the residual service life of the water lubrication bearing, so that the reliability of the bearing is improved.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a detection apparatus capable of monitoring wear amounts of different areas of the water-lubricated bearing, so as to further improve the accuracy of state evaluation of the water-lubricated bearing and improve the reliability of the ship.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a can intelligent water lubricated bearing of automatic monitoring wearing and tearing volume which characterized in that: the device comprises a cylindrical bearing bush, a lining arranged on the inner wall of the bearing bush and a monitoring device for monitoring the abrasion loss of the lining;
the lining comprises a lining base body and a wear layer which is arranged on the inner surface of the lining base body and is in contact with the rotating shaft, wherein the wear layer is made of a mean value resistance material;
the monitoring device comprises two electrodes which are in contact with the wearing layer at a certain distance and a resistance measuring device connected with the two electrodes, the resistance of the wearing layer between the two electrodes is monitored in real time through the resistance measuring device, the resistance changes along with the wearing layer is worn, and the change of the resistance is converted into the change of the wearing layer according to the proportion.
In order to monitor the abrasion loss of different areas, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
and the wear layer is divided into a plurality of sub-blocks through the insulating diaphragm, each sub-block is provided with a monitoring device, and the partition wear loss of the intelligent water lubrication bearing is monitored through the division of the insulating diaphragm.
Further, the electrode is a wire electrode arranged along the inner lining in the radial direction, and the wire electrode and the abrasion layer are abraded synchronously.
Further, the intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of monitoring the abrasion loss further comprises a nano generator arranged on the lining and used for supplying power to the monitoring device.
Further, the intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of monitoring the abrasion loss further comprises a wireless antenna used for transmitting signals of the monitoring device, and the wireless antenna is powered by a mechanical or thermal energy conversion device.
The invention also provides a method for automatically monitoring the abrasion loss of the water lubrication bearing, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of preparing a wear layer on the surface of a water-lubricated bearing lining by adopting a mean resistance material, arranging a plurality of pairs of electrodes in a wear amount, arranging a resistance measuring device for each pair of electrodes, monitoring the resistance of the wear layer between the two electrodes in real time through the resistance measuring device, changing the resistance along with the wear layer, and converting the change of the monitored resistance into the change of the wear layer according to the proportion.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of monitoring the abrasion loss, the friction performance of the bearing is improved by embedding the sensor and the conductive filler into the lining, the performance characterization parameters of the water lubricated bearing are directly obtained, the abrasion distribution condition of the lining is obtained, the extraction of multi-source data characteristic parameters is completed by combining knowledge information such as the working condition environment of the system, the coupling relation of components and the like, and the effective evaluation of the working state and the residual life is realized.
On the basis of the design of the traditional intelligent water lubricated bearing, the invention adopts the conductive filler to carry out performance improvement and wear monitoring on the water lubricated bearing. The problem of because of in the actual work in-process because the cantilever effect of shafting tail end screw, the accident that the tail end wearing and tearing seriously lead to has promoted the reliability of water lubricated bearing greatly is solved. The invention has simple manufacture, low cost and strong implementation, is particularly suitable for engineering application with strict requirement on the reliability of a bearing transmission system, and is also suitable for the research of water lubrication bearings or material abrasion.
The conductive filler takes carbon with excellent lubricating property as a raw material, can enhance the friction property and the conductivity of the water-lubricated bearing, and can monitor the abrasion loss of the bearing by measuring the resistance between electrodes of the conductive filler; this self-induction polymer intelligence water lubricated bearing not only can promote friction properties and heat dispersion, reduces the power system energy consumption, prolongs bearing life, monitors the multiple data of bearing in service, can also assess the wearing and tearing volume everywhere to the accurate prediction bearing residual life.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent water-lubricated bearing capable of monitoring wear loss;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a side sectional view of fig. 1.
1-bearing bush, 2-lining, 3-groove, 4-wearing layer, 5-monitoring device, 6-insulating diaphragm, 7-electrode, 8-resistance measuring device and 9-lining base body.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention provides an intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of automatically monitoring wear amount, comprising a cylindrical bearing bush 1, a lining 2 mounted on the inner wall of the bearing bush 1, and a monitoring device 5 for monitoring the wear amount of the lining 2;
the lining 2 comprises a lining base body 9 and a wear layer 4 which is arranged on the inner surface of the lining base body 9 and is in contact with the rotating shaft, wherein the wear layer 4 is made of a mean value resistance material;
the monitoring device 5 comprises two electrodes 7 which are in contact with the wear layer 4 at a certain distance and a resistance measuring device 8 connected with the two electrodes 7, the resistance between the two electrodes 7 is monitored in real time through the resistance measuring device 8, the resistance changes along with the wear layer 4 being worn, and the change of the resistance is converted into the change of the wear layer 4 according to the proportion.
The resistance measuring device 8 may adopt a micro resistance sensor or a resistance meter in the prior art, and the specific form is not limited, for example, a sensor weak signal general detection chip system described in patent CN 103399201B may also be adopted, and the current detected by the system is converted according to the power supply voltage to obtain the resistance, or the corresponding relationship between the current and the wear amount may also be established directly based on the technology.
As a preferred embodiment, the bearing shell 1 is made of metal or nonmetal which can satisfy the performance and process requirements.
As a preferred embodiment, the wear layer 4 is made of a high molecular resistance material including a high molecular material and a conductive filler which are uniformly mixed. The high polymer material and the conductive filler are uniformly mixed to form the self-induction high polymer material. The lining base body 9 is made of high molecular materials meeting the performance and process requirements. The bearing bush 1 is fixedly connected with the lining 2 in a mechanical or vulcanization mode.
As a preferred embodiment, the conductive filler is a carbon material, such as carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and the like, and the excellent friction property of carbon makes it simultaneously used as a filler to enhance the friction property of the water-lubricated bearing, so that the self-detection capability of the bearing is provided on the premise of improving the friction property and the heat dissipation property of the bearing.
The conductive filler in this example can enhance the frictional properties of the liner 2 and make the wear layer 4 conductive at a suitable resistance, e.g., between a few ohms and several thousand ohms, with both too large and too small resistance being detrimental to detection.
As a preferred embodiment, the lining 2 is made by a hot pressing process, the polymer powder and the polymer resistance material powder are respectively put into corresponding positions of a hot pressing mold, and the lining 2 is made under the conditions of hot pressing pressure of 5-15MPa and hot pressing temperature of 180-250 ℃ according to different material types.
As a preferred embodiment, the wear layer 4 can also be made of a polymer material and a conductive filler by a mechanical or chemical blending method.
As a preferred embodiment, the inner surface of the lining base body 9 is provided with a plurality of grooves 3 axially used for lubricating water to pass through, the lubricating water passing through the grooves 3 is beneficial to forming a water film and discharging silt in the bearing, the surface of the lining base body 9 between two adjacent grooves 3 is a contact surface in contact with a rotating shaft, each contact surface is provided with a wear layer 4, and the wear layer 4 on each contact surface is provided with at least one monitoring device 5.
As a preferred embodiment, the grooves 3 are arranged in a shape that facilitates the formation of a water film and the discharge of silt, and the number (generally 4-16) and the cross-sectional shape (e.g. drop shape, UV shape, square shape, etc.) of the grooves 3 can be different according to the working requirements and working environment differences of different ships.
As a preferred embodiment, the wear layer 4 is divided into a plurality of sub-blocks by the insulating diaphragm 6, each sub-block is provided with a monitoring device 5, the sub-blocks are divided by the insulating diaphragm 6 to monitor the regional wear amount of the intelligent water lubricated bearing, the insulating diaphragm 6 is made of non-conductive material, such as insulating and high temperature resistant plastic film, and is placed in the high molecular resistance material powder before hot pressing to separate the high molecular resistance material powder into a plurality of character blocks, such as three regions are divided by the insulating diaphragm 6 on each contact surface of the invention, and each region can independently monitor the wear amount.
As a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the insulating membrane 6 is 1-10 mm, which reduces the influence of the insulating membrane 6 on the wear layer 4 while ensuring the isolation effect.
As a preferred embodiment, the electrode 7 is a wire electrode 7 arranged along the radial direction of the liner 2, the wire electrode 7 and the wear layer 4 are worn synchronously, the resistance monitored by the corresponding monitoring device 5 is the resistance of the high molecular resistance material between the two wire electrodes 7, and as the high molecular resistance material is worn, the high molecular resistance material between the two wire electrodes 7 is less and less, and the resistance is greater, so that the accuracy of the monitoring device 5 in monitoring the resistance of the wear layer 4 can be improved.
As a preferred embodiment, the wire electrode 7 may be made of conductive fibers or graphite fibers with good conductivity.
As a preferred embodiment, the intelligent water-lubricated bearing further comprises a mechanical or thermal energy conversion device (not shown in the figure) arranged on the lining 2 for supplying power to the monitoring device 5, so that self-power supply can be realized, an external power supply is not required, and complicated wiring is performed.
The thermal energy conversion device may be a temperature power generation material, the mechanical energy conversion device may include a nano generator, a piezoelectric material, or the like, or may be a power generation structure in the prior art, such as the power supply devices described in CN 113300628A, CN 112228449 a and CN 103438101B.
As a preferred embodiment, the intelligent water lubricated bearing further comprises a wireless antenna for transmitting signals of the monitoring device 5, and the wireless antenna is powered by a mechanical energy conversion device (such as a nano generator). Therefore, the independent use of the intelligent water lubricated bearing can be completely realized, any external line is not needed, the integrity of the bearing bush 1 is ensured, and the rigidity and the strength of the bearing bush 1 are also ensured.
As a preferred embodiment, the monitoring device 5 is a micro resistance meter or a resistance sensor, and the monitoring device 5 may be preset in the lining base 9 before hot pressing, or may be arranged between the lining base 9 and the bearing bush 1, specifically, according to the requirement.
In a preferred embodiment, since the resistance of the conductive lining 2 is also changed due to the increase of temperature, the wear amount of the lining 2 is determined by considering both the temperature and the resistance change, and therefore, it is considered that the temperature is detected by a thermocouple provided in the lining 2 to perform temperature correction.
On the basis of the design of the traditional intelligent water lubricated bearing, the invention adopts the conductive filler to carry out performance improvement and wear monitoring on the water lubricated bearing. The problem of because of in the actual work in-process because the cantilever effect of shafting tail end screw, the accident that the tail end wearing and tearing seriously lead to has promoted the reliability of water lubricated bearing greatly is solved. The invention has simple manufacture, low cost and strong implementation, is particularly suitable for engineering application with strict requirement on the reliability of a bearing transmission system, and is also suitable for the research of water lubrication bearings or material abrasion.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a can intelligent water lubricated bearing of automatic monitoring wearing and tearing volume which characterized in that: the device comprises a cylindrical bearing bush, a lining arranged on the inner wall of the bearing bush and a monitoring device for monitoring the abrasion loss of the lining;
the lining comprises a lining base body and a wear layer which is arranged on the inner surface of the lining base body and is in contact with the rotating shaft, wherein the wear layer is made of a mean value resistance material;
the monitoring device comprises two electrodes which are in contact with the wearing layer at a certain distance and a resistance measuring device connected with the two electrodes, the resistance of the wearing layer between the two electrodes is monitored in real time through the resistance measuring device, the resistance changes along with the wearing layer is worn, and the change of the resistance is converted into the change of the wearing layer according to the proportion.
2. The intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of automatically monitoring the abrasion loss according to claim 1, wherein: the wear layer is made of a high-molecular resistance material, and the high-molecular resistance material comprises a high-molecular material and a conductive filler which are uniformly mixed.
3. The intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of automatically monitoring the amount of wear of claim 2, wherein: the conductive filler is a carbon material with excellent lubrication and heat dissipation performance.
4. The intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of monitoring the amount of wear of claim 2, wherein: the lining is made by adopting a hot pressing process, and specifically, the wear layer is formed by hot pressing together with the lining matrix after a mechanical or chemical blending method is adopted for the high polymer material and the conductive filler.
5. The intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of monitoring the amount of wear of claim 1, wherein: the wearing layer is divided into a plurality of sub-blocks through the insulating diaphragm, each sub-block is provided with a monitoring device, and the partition wearing capacity of the intelligent water lubrication bearing is divided and monitored through the insulating diaphragm.
6. The intelligent water lubricated bearing of claim 4, wherein: the inside lining base member internal surface is equipped with the recess that a plurality of axial are used for the lubricous water to pass through, and inside lining base member surface between two adjacent recesses is the contact surface with the axis of rotation contact, all be equipped with the wearing and tearing layer on every contact surface, the wearing and tearing layer on every contact surface all is equipped with at least one monitoring devices.
7. The intelligent water lubricated bearing of claim 6, wherein: the wear layer on each contact surface is divided into blocks along the axial direction by the insulating diaphragm.
8. The intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of monitoring the amount of wear of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the electrode is a wire electrode arranged along the radial direction of the lining, and the wire electrode and the wear layer wear synchronously.
9. The intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of monitoring the amount of wear of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the monitoring device also comprises a mechanical or thermal energy conversion device arranged on the lining and used for supplying power to the monitoring device.
10. The intelligent water lubricated bearing capable of monitoring the amount of wear of claim 9, wherein: the wireless monitoring system also comprises a wireless antenna used for transmitting signals of the monitoring device, and the wireless antenna is powered by the mechanical or thermal energy conversion device.
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| CN202111504989.6A CN114321183B (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Intelligent water-lubricated bearing capable of automatically monitoring abrasion loss |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116747959A (en) * | 2023-08-22 | 2023-09-15 | 沈阳鑫谱晶体科技有限公司 | High-purity strontium titanate powder grinding equipment |
| CN117605763A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-02-27 | 浙江申发轴瓦股份有限公司 | Bearing bush and use method thereof |
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| CN109238701A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-18 | 江苏江凌测控科技股份有限公司 | Bearing wear monitoring device and method |
| CN110441059A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-12 | 东北大学秦皇岛分校 | A kind of bush(ing) bearing abrasion loss on-line measuring device |
| CN110823570A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-21 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Water lubricated bearing wear state detection sensing device and monitoring system |
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| JPH06193629A (en) * | 1992-12-24 | 1994-07-15 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Bearing abrasion loss detecting device |
| JP2016133220A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2016-07-25 | マーレ エンジン システムズ ユーケイ リミテッドＭａｈ | Slide bearing |
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| CN117605763A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-02-27 | 浙江申发轴瓦股份有限公司 | Bearing bush and use method thereof |
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| CN114321183B (en) | 2022-10-04 |
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