CN114320647B

CN114320647B - Cylinder cover blank and manufacturing process thereof, cylinder cover and thermodynamic single cylinder machine

Info

Publication number: CN114320647B
Application number: CN202111677313.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张继杨; 潘理杰; 王静秋; 张立; 何元章
Original assignee: Dongfeng Motor Corp
Current assignee: Dongfeng Motor Corp
Priority date: 2021-12-31
Filing date: 2021-12-31
Publication date: 2023-01-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-31
Also published as: CN114320647A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cylinder cover blank and a manufacturing process thereof, a cylinder cover and a thermodynamic single cylinder machine, and solves the technical problems of high manufacturing cost and various states of the cylinder cover in the prior art. The cylinder cover blank provided by the application is a casting, and a water jacket cavity and at least three process holes which are communicated are formed in the cylinder cover blank, wherein the water jacket cavity is formed by a water jacket sand core and is used for circulating cooling liquid; on one hand, each process hole can be used as a water inlet and a water outlet of a water jacket cavity in subsequent processing, and on the other hand, each process hole can be used as a sand discharge hole after the cylinder cover blank is cast, so that complete sand discharge is ensured, and the cleanliness of the cylinder cover blank is improved. The single cylinder head that this cylinder head blank was obtained through machine tooling can be applied to different cooling schemes, matches the different design condition of single cylinder head, and then satisfies the universalization design of single cylinder head, shortens the manufacturing cycle of thermodynamics single cylinder machine frock.

Description

Cylinder cover blank and manufacturing process thereof, cylinder cover and thermodynamic single cylinder machine

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a cylinder cover blank, a manufacturing process of the cylinder cover blank, a cylinder cover and a thermodynamic single cylinder engine.

Background

As national emission and fuel consumption regulations continue to tighten and in response to the rapid demands of the automotive market, the cycle of engine development and technology upgrade continues to be compressed. The performance development of the traditional engine is generally to make various combustion system optimization schemes, a large number of tests and comparisons are carried out on an engine test bed, and the final configuration scheme of the engine is determined according to test results. The method has high development cost and long period, and is often difficult to obtain an ideal optimal configuration scheme in the prediction stage of a new product scheme, and the reliability and the accuracy of the prediction scheme are low. The single-cylinder testing machine has the same structure and working principle as the multi-cylinder machine, and the single-cylinder machine has low manufacturing and testing cost and is easy to adjust; therefore, the single-cylinder engine development and research has very important significance for reducing the development cost of the engine, shortening the development period and carrying out high-performance product research.

In thermodynamic single-cylinder engine parts, a single-cylinder cover is a core part, and various different states are usually required to be trial-manufactured to be combined and verified with other key parts to achieve the development performance target of an engine, while a cylinder cover blank is required to be designed and manufactured with a mold for casting, and high-precision machining is required to achieve the size requirement.

The existing single cylinder engine is a special part for trial-manufacture of a whole set of single cylinder engine according to the definition of part technology. In order to meet the development requirements of engines in different states, a plurality of sets of thermodynamic single-cylinder engines need to be designed correspondingly, and a plurality of single-cylinder covers need to be designed correspondingly, so that the problems of high manufacturing cost and various states of the cylinder covers are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a cylinder cover blank, a manufacturing process thereof, a cylinder cover and a thermodynamic single cylinder engine, which can meet the universal design of a single cylinder cover and match various design states.

The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the cylinder cover blank is a casting, a water jacket cavity formed by a water jacket sand core and at least three process holes formed by at least three fixing columns are arranged in the cylinder cover blank, and the at least three process holes are distributed at intervals and respectively penetrate through the water jacket cavity and the external environment.

Optionally, a combustion chamber top cover is arranged in the cylinder head blank, and the water jacket cavity surrounds the periphery of the combustion chamber top cover.

Optionally, the distance D between the bottom surface of the water jacket chamber and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover blank is 5mm to 6mm; and the distance between the bottom surface of the water jacket cavity and the design assembly sealing surface of the cylinder cover blank for butting the cylinder body is smaller than the distance D.

Optionally, the axes of the at least three tooling holes are all parallel to the designed assembly sealing surface of the cylinder head blank for butting against the cylinder block.

Optionally, the process hole is a round hole; the diameter of the round hole is 15 mm-20 mm.

Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a manufacturing process of the cylinder cover blank, which comprises the following steps:

placing an integrated sand core in a casting mold, wherein the integrated sand core comprises the water jacket sand core and at least three fixing columns which are integrally connected;

casting in the casting mould to obtain a casting;

and crushing the integrated sand core in the casting, discharging sand through at least three process holes formed by at least three fixing columns, and discharging sand to obtain the cylinder cover blank.

Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a cylinder cover applied to the thermodynamic single cylinder engine, which is formed by machining the cylinder cover blank; a water inlet, a water outlet and the water jacket chamber which are communicated are arranged in the cylinder cover; the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively formed by mechanically processing two process holes, and pipe joints are arranged in the water inlet and the water outlet; and plugs are hermetically arranged in the rest process holes.

Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a thermodynamic single cylinder engine, which comprises:

a single cylinder block;

the cylinder head is connected to the single cylinder block.

Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides another cylinder cover applied to the thermodynamic single cylinder engine, which is formed by machining the cylinder cover blank; a water inlet, a water outlet and the water jacket chamber which are communicated are arranged in the cylinder cover; the water inlet and the water outlet are both formed by machining, are positioned at the bottom of the cylinder cover and respectively penetrate through the water jacket cavity and the external environment; and a plug is hermetically arranged in each technical hole.

Optionally, the water inlet is close to the exhaust side of the cylinder head; the water outlet is close to the air inlet side of the cylinder cover.

Optionally, the number of the water inlets and the number of the water outlets are more than one; the water inlet and the water outlet are arc-shaped strip-shaped holes; the inner diameters of the water inlet and the water outlet are different.

Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides another thermodynamic single cylinder engine, which comprises:

the cylinder body is provided with a cylinder body water jacket and at least two cylinder barrels;

the cylinder head is connected to the cylinder block and covers the first cylinder barrel of the cylinder block; the water inlet and the water outlet of the cylinder cover are respectively communicated with the cylinder water jacket;

and the cover plate is covered on other cylinder barrels of the cylinder body.

According to the technical scheme, the cylinder cover blank is a casting, and the cylinder cover blank is internally provided with a water jacket cavity and at least three process holes which are communicated, wherein the water jacket cavity is formed by a water jacket sand core and is used for circulating cooling liquid; on one hand, each process hole can be used as a water inlet and a water outlet of the water jacket cavity in subsequent processing, and on the other hand, each process hole can be used as a sand discharge hole after the cylinder cover blank is cast, so that complete sand discharge is ensured, and the cleanliness of the cylinder cover blank is improved. The single cylinder head that this cylinder head blank was obtained through machine tooling can be applied to different cooling schemes, matches the different design condition of single cylinder head, and then satisfies the universalization design of single cylinder head, shortens the manufacturing cycle of thermodynamics single cylinder machine frock.

The cylinder cover blank manufacturing method provided by the application comprises the integrated sand core, wherein the integrated sand core comprises the water jacket sand core and at least three fixing columns which are connected into a whole, the water jacket sand core is used for forming a water jacket cavity, the fixing columns are used for forming the process holes on one hand, the at least three fixing columns form multi-point support during cylinder cover blank casting on the other hand, the multi-point support can play a role in supporting and positioning the sand core, the situation that the sand core is broken or displaced to cause the cylinder cover blank casting failure is avoided, and the yield and the finished product quality of the cylinder cover blank are improved.

The thermodynamic single cylinder engine provided by the application is provided with the single cylinder cover, and the single cylinder cover is matched with the cover plate and is arranged on the multi-cylinder body together, so that the formed thermodynamic single cylinder engine has the advantages of rapidness, low cost, easiness in adjustment and the like of the thermodynamic single cylinder engine, the existing prototype boundary and the test tool of the multi-cylinder engine can be utilized for mass production, and the optimal technical effects of the aspects of cost, period, test effect and the like are finally realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder head blank in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the water jacket in the cylinder head blank of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the bottom surface of the cylinder head in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a water jacket in the cylinder head of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a top view of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an installation structure view of a pipe joint in the cylinder head of fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the bottom surface of the cylinder head in embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a water jacket in the cylinder head of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the water jacket of fig. 8 from another perspective.

Fig. 10 is an installation structure view of a plug in the cylinder head of fig. 7.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a thermodynamic single cylinder engine in embodiment 5 of the invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a thermodynamic single cylinder engine in embodiment 6 of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is an assembly structural view of a cylinder block and a cylinder head in the thermodynamic single cylinder engine of fig. 12.

Description of reference numerals: 10-cylinder head blank; 15-cylinder cover water jacket; 16-a water jacket chamber; 17-fabrication holes; 18-bottom surface.

100-a cylinder head; 170-pipe joint, 171-plug; 181-water inlet, 182-water outlet; 190-combustion chamber top cover.

1000-thermodynamic single cylinder engine; 100-a cylinder head; 200-a cover plate; 300-cylinder block, 300 a-single cylinder block; 400-a generator; 500-air conditioning compressor; 600-a cooling system; 700-lubrication system.

Detailed Description

In order to make the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains, the following detailed description of the present application is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the related art, two design schemes exist for a single cylinder engine, and the single cylinder engine is suitable for development requirements of engines in different states. For a brand-new developed machine type, key parameters such as an air passage, a combustion chamber, a compression ratio and the like are designed according to the performance target of an engine, special parts for a single-cylinder machine are trial-manufactured according to the technical definition of the parts, and a special single-cylinder machine bench test tool is prepared, wherein the single-cylinder machine can carry out combination verification on key parts such as an injection system, a cylinder cover, a piston, a connecting rod and the like under the same assembly boundary, so that an optimal design scheme is selected in a short time.

For the technical upgrading based on a mass production model, the improvement of local systems such as a combustion system is mainly involved, other structures and systems continue to use the original model, and if the investment of the all-new model single cylinder engine is adopted, parts and boundaries of the original model cannot be greatly utilized, so that the problems of high part test cost and long test preparation period exist. And the difference of the single-cylinder engine and the multi-cylinder engine on cooling and lubricating systems causes certain difference of test precision.

Therefore, corresponding test tools need to be designed respectively according to different design schemes of the thermodynamic single cylinder engine, and the different design schemes have great difference on cooling and lubricating systems. The single-cylinder cover is used as a core part of the thermodynamic single-cylinder engine, and the cylinder covers in different states need to be designed due to different cooling systems. Based on the above, in the existing thermodynamic single-cylinder engine, the single-cylinder cover has the problems of many design states, no generalization, long manufacturing period and the like, and further causes the problems of high manufacturing cost and various states of the cylinder cover.

Therefore, the cylinder cover blank is dual-purpose, the requirements of the traditional single cylinder engine and a novel single cylinder engine system consisting of the single cylinder cover and a mass production cylinder body on the assembly boundary and the cooling system are comprehensively considered, and the two single cylinder engine schemes can adopt the same blank foundation by designing the structure of the blank. And then on the basis of the same blank, single cylinder cover finished products in two different states are formed by different machine pressing and press mounting schemes, and the use requirements of two thermodynamic single cylinder machine systems are met.

Referring to fig. 1, six directions of the cylinder head may be defined as: front end a, rear end b, intake side c, exhaust side d, bottom surface and top surface. Wherein: the front end and the rear end refer to opposite sides of the cylinder head in the crankshaft/camshaft axial direction, the "front end" specifically refers to the side near the first cylinder, and the "rear end" specifically refers to the side near the last cylinder; the air inlet side and the air outlet side refer to two opposite sides close to an air inlet valve and an air outlet valve, the air inlet side specifically refers to one side close to an air inlet valve, and the air outlet side specifically refers to one side close to an air outlet valve; the top and bottom surfaces refer to opposite sides of the cylinder head in the direction of piston movement (in a vertically-disposed engine, the piston movement direction is generally the vertical direction), "bottom surface" is the side adjacent to the cylinder block, the flatness requirement of which is high so that the engine has good sealing performance, "top surface" is the opposite side of the "bottom surface", e.g., the cylinder head structure in which the camshaft is mounted on the cylinder head, and "top surface" is the side of the cylinder head adjacent to the camshaft.

The present application will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, and the terms "front end", "rear end", "intake side", "exhaust side", "top surface" and "bottom surface" in the embodiments can all be referred to above for explanation.

Example 1:

the present embodiment provides a cylinder head blank 10 for machining a cylinder head 100, and referring to fig. 3 and 7, the cylinder head 100 is a box-shaped part with a complex structure, and an intake valve seat hole, an exhaust valve seat hole, a valve guide hole, a spark plug and an oil injector mounting hole are formed on the box-shaped part, a cooling water jacket, an intake and exhaust passage and a combustion chamber 190 are cast inside the cylinder head 100, and if a camshaft is mounted on the cylinder head 100, a camshaft mounting support and a lubricating oil passage are formed on the cylinder head 100. In the present embodiment, the cylinder head blank 10 also has the above structure to meet the basic functional requirements of the cylinder head 100.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2 in particular, the cylinder head blank 10 in this embodiment is a casting, and the cylinder head blank 10 is provided with a water jacket cavity 16 and at least three process holes 17 which are communicated with each other, wherein the water jacket cavity 16 is formed by a water jacket sand core and is used for circulating cooling liquid, specifically, casting material does not enter the position of the water jacket sand core during casting, and a cavity, namely the water jacket cavity 16, is formed after the water jacket sand core is removed. The fabrication hole 17 is formed by a fixed column, specifically, casting materials can not enter the position of the fixed column during casting, and a cavity, namely the fabrication hole 17, is formed after the fixed column is removed. The single cylinder cover 100 obtained by machining the cylinder cover blank 10 can be applied to different cooling schemes, different design states of the single cylinder cover 100 are matched, the universal design of the single cylinder cover 100 is further met, and the manufacturing period of the thermodynamics single cylinder machine 1000 tool is shortened.

The fabrication holes 17 are distributed at intervals, and the fixing columns for forming the fabrication holes 17 are fixedly connected with the water jacket sand core, so that the formed fabrication holes 17 are communicated with the water jacket sand core, and the openings of the fabrication holes 17 are positioned on the outer surface of the cylinder head blank 10, that is, the fabrication holes 17 penetrate through the water jacket cavity 16 and the external environment. Thus, in the first aspect, each process hole 17 can serve as a water inlet and a water outlet 182 of the water jacket cavity 16 in subsequent processing; in the second aspect, each process hole 17 can be used as a sand discharge hole after the cylinder cover blank 10 is cast, so that complete sand discharge is ensured, and the cleanliness of the cylinder cover blank 10 is improved; in the third aspect, the fixing columns for forming the process holes 17 can play a role in supporting and positioning the water jacket sand core, so that the situation that the sand core is broken or displaced to cause the casting failure of the blank is avoided.

The number of the fabrication holes 17 in the cylinder head blank 10 is more than three, and the specific number is not limited in the present application. The number of the process holes 17 is preferably three in consideration of the amount of subsequent processing and the stability of the sand core during casting. Referring to fig. 2, one of the three process holes 17 is located in the middle of the front end of the cylinder head blank 10, and the remaining two process holes 17 are distributed at the rear end of the cylinder head blank 10 and are respectively close to the intake side and the exhaust side.

Referring to fig. 3 and 7, in the present embodiment, a combustion chamber top cover 190 is disposed in the cylinder head blank 10, and the combustion chamber top cover 190 is specifically located on the bottom surface of the cylinder head blank 10 and is matched with a cylinder bore of a cylinder block to form a complete combustion chamber. The intake and exhaust ports communicate with the combustion chamber dome 190 for the intake of combustion media and exhaust of waste. Since heat in the engine mainly comes from the combustion chamber, the water jacket chamber 16 in this embodiment is disposed around the outer periphery of the combustion chamber top cover 190 to cool the outer peripheral area of the combustion chamber top cover 190.

In particular, considering the application to an integrally cooled engine, the cylinder head 100 requires communication of the water jacket 15 with the cooling system of the block, and a communication port is usually provided in the bottom surface, i.e., the fitting seal surface, of the cylinder head 100. Therefore, in order to meet the demand for the versatility of the cylinder head blank 10, in the cylinder head blank 10 of the present embodiment, a certain distance D between the bottom surface 18 of the water jacket cavity 16 and the bottom surface of the cylinder head blank 10 is required, in other words, the wall thickness of the material of the cylinder head blank 10 at the bottom surface 18 of the water jacket cavity 16 is 5mm to 6mm, for example, 5.05mm, 5.1mm, 5.2mm, 5.3mm, 5.4mm, 5.5mm, 5.65mm, 5.72mm, 5.85mm, 5.95mm, or the like. The wall thickness of the thickness can ensure the structural strength at the bottom surface of the water jacket cavity 16 of the cylinder cover blank 10 on one hand, and is convenient for machining the water inlet 181 and the water outlet 182 of the cylinder cover water jacket 15 on the other hand.

Since the assembly sealing surface of the cylinder head 100 is required to have high surface quality, and the bottom surface of the cylinder head blank 10 formed by casting is generally low in surface precision, the bottom surface of the cylinder head blank 10 needs to be machined, a machining allowance (generally 1 mm) needs to be reserved when the cylinder head blank 10 is cast, and in consideration of the machining allowance, the distance between the bottom surface 18 of the water jacket cavity 16 and the actual assembly sealing surface (i.e., the actual bottom wall thickness of the cylinder head 100) should be smaller than the distance D. Taking the bottom surface 18 of the water jacket cavity 16 5.5mm away from the bottom surface of the cylinder head blank 10 and the machining allowance of the cylinder head bottom surface 1mm as an example, after the machining is completed, the bottom surface 18 of the water jacket cavity 16 of the cylinder head 100 is 4.5mm away from the bottom surface of the cylinder head 100.

In consideration of the subsequent pipe distribution difficulty and the stability of the sand core in the casting process, referring to fig. 2, in the embodiment, the axis of each process hole 17 is parallel to the designed assembly sealing surface of the cylinder head blank 10 for butting the cylinder block. In a normal situation where the engine is placed vertically and the assembly sealing surface is a horizontal plane, each tooling hole 17 is also a horizontal through hole. On the other hand, if the horizontal through hole is to be formed, the corresponding fixing column is horizontally arranged, and the arrangement mode is convenient for supporting the water jacket sand core. In order to reduce the flow resistance of the cooling liquid, the inside of each process hole 17 should be smooth and have no break angle, in this embodiment, each process hole 17 is a circular hole, and the diameter of the circular hole is 15mm to 20mm, such as 15.5mm, 16mm, 17.2mm, 18.3mm, 19.4mm, 19.5mm, and the like.

Example 2:

based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides a manufacturing process for manufacturing the cylinder head blank 10 of the above embodiment 1, which is essentially a casting process since the cylinder head blank 10 of the above embodiment 1 is a cast member. The manufacturing process specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, placing an integrated sand core in a casting mould, wherein the integrated sand core comprises a water jacket sand core and at least three fixing columns which are integrally connected.

Specifically, the boundary contour of the cavity of the casting mold is consistent with that of the cylinder cover blank 10, the integrated sand core is placed in the cavity of the casting mold, and the integrated sand core is a solid body, so that the space where the integrated sand core is located cannot enter a casting material, and a complete cavity is formed after the casting material is solidified. The concrete materials of the water jacket sand core in the integrated sand core refer to the relevant disclosures in the prior art, and the application is not limited. The material of the fixing column in the integrated sand core can also adopt a sand core, namely the water jacket sand core and each fixing column are made of the same material and are integrally molded; the fixing column can also be made of other high-temperature-resistant materials, such as ceramics and the like, and is fixedly connected with the water jacket sand core into a whole in a conventional fixing mode. The specific structure of the integrated sand core is not limited in this application.

And S2, casting in a casting mold to obtain a casting.

Specifically, the material of the casting material is determined according to the actual situation, for example, when the cast aluminum cylinder head 100 is produced, the casting material is a molten aluminum alloy. The casting material is solidified to form a casting with higher structural strength.

And S3, crushing the integrated sand core in the casting, discharging sand through at least three process holes 17 formed by at least three fixing columns, and obtaining the cylinder cover blank 10 after discharging sand.

And (3) removing the sand core in the casting after the casting is finished, specifically, crushing the sand core firstly, and then discharging the sand. Firstly, the fixing column needs to be taken out, a fabrication hole 17 formed by the fixing column is used as a sand discharge hole, the sand core is broken and discharged, the sand discharge is complete, and the cleanliness of a cylinder cover blank is improved. After the sand is discharged, a complete cylinder head blank 10 is obtained.

Example 3:

based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application provides a cylinder head 100, which is machined from the cylinder head blank 10 of the above embodiment 1. Referring specifically to fig. 3 to 6, the cylinder head 100 is provided therein with a water inlet 181, a water outlet 182 and a water jacket chamber 16 in communication; the water inlet 181 and the water outlet 182 are respectively formed by mechanically processing two process holes 17, and the plugs 171 are hermetically installed in the remaining process holes 17. The water inlet 181 and the water outlet 182 are respectively provided with a pipe joint 170, and the other side of the pipe joint 170 is used for connecting a forced cooling system of the test bed through a hose.

For a conventional single cylinder system, the cylinder block and the cylinder head 100 are cooled separately, i.e. the cylinder head is provided with a separate cooling system. The cylinder head 100 of the present embodiment is suitable for use in a conventional single cylinder engine system. Referring to fig. 4 and 5 in particular, in the cylinder head 100 of the present embodiment, the process hole 17 at the rear end of the water jacket close to the intake side is used as the water inlet 181 of the water jacket, the process hole 17 at the rear end of the water jacket close to the exhaust side is correspondingly used as the water outlet 182 of the water jacket, the process hole 17 at the front end of the water jacket is closed, and forced cooling equipment of the test bench is connected, so that the circulating cooling of the coolant in the cylinder head water jacket 15 is realized. The specific processing technique of the cylinder head 100 of the present embodiment is as follows:

in the machining process of the cylinder cover 100, a bowl-shaped plug mounting hole with a certain diameter and a certain depth is further machined in the fabrication hole 17 in the middle of the front end of the water jacket, in the embodiment, the machining diameter of the fabrication hole 17 is phi 22mm, the machining depth is 9.3mm, and the phi 22mm bowl-shaped plug is pressed in an interference fit mode to serve as a plug 171 to achieve sealing. Or a threaded hole with a certain diameter and a certain depth is further machined in the fabrication hole 17 in the middle of the front end of the water jacket, and a threaded plug 171 is installed. The junction of the plug 171 and the cylinder head 100 needs to be further sealed by applying a sealant.

Referring to fig. 6 specifically, two straight threaded holes are further machined in the two process holes 17 at the rear end of the water jacket, the straight threaded holes are M24 threaded holes in the embodiment, a matched pipe joint 170 is assembled, the threaded portion of the pipe joint 170 needs to be pre-coated with a sealant to ensure the fastening and sealing of the threaded portion, and one side of the pipe joint 170 is connected with a forced cooling system of the test bench through a hose.

Example 4:

based on the same inventive concept, the present embodiment provides another cylinder head 100, and the cylinder head 100 is also machined from the cylinder head blank 10 of embodiment 1. Referring specifically to fig. 7 to 10, the cylinder head 100 is provided therein with a water inlet 181, a water outlet 182 and a water jacket chamber 16 in communication; the water inlet 181 and the water outlet 182 are both machined, and the water inlet 181 and the water outlet 182 are specifically located at the bottom of the cylinder head 100 and respectively penetrate through the water jacket chamber 16 and the external environment; a plug 171 is hermetically installed in each process hole 17 for sealing.

The novel thermodynamic single cylinder engine 1000 composed of a single cylinder cover and a mass-produced cylinder block is an integral cooling system, namely, after being pressurized by an engine water pump, coolant firstly passes through the air inlet side of a cylinder block water jacket, is guided to the air outlet side of the cylinder block water jacket through a coolant partition plate, and enters the air outlet side of the cylinder block 100 water jacket 15 through a water inlet 181 on the bottom surface of the cylinder cover. Referring to fig. 8 and 9, under the pressure of the cooling system, the coolant passes through the air inlet side of the water jacket 15 of the cylinder head 100 and enters the water jacket on the air inlet side of the cylinder head 100 through the water outlet 182 on the bottom surface of the air inlet side of the cylinder head 100, then is discharged to the engine body, is guided to the radiator through the cooling pipeline and finally returns to the water pump, and the circulation of the coolant in the engine system is realized.

The cylinder head 100 of the present embodiment is suitable for the novel thermodynamic single cylinder engine 1000 composed of the single cylinder head and the mass production cylinder block. The area where the bottom surface of the cylinder cover is combined with the water jacket on the top surface of the cylinder body needs to be provided with a water inlet 181 on the exhaust side and a water outlet 182 on the air inlet side. In the specific embodiment, a groove is formed in a region where the cylinder head bottom surface and the cylinder head top surface water jacket are combined and communicated with the cylinder head water jacket 15, the number of the water inlets 181 and the water outlets 182 is not limited to one, and for example, a plurality of water inlets 181 and a plurality of water outlets 182 may be formed at intervals in the circumferential direction. The shapes of the water inlet 181 and the water outlet 182 are not limited to holes or grooves, and are determined according to the shape of the water jacket of the cylinder. Referring to fig. 7 in detail, in this embodiment, the water inlet 181 and the water outlet 182 are both arc-shaped strip-shaped holes, and the inner diameters of the water inlet 181 and the water outlet 182 are different.

The specific processing technique of the cylinder head 100 of the present embodiment is as follows:

through grooves with the inner diameter phi 93mm and the width of 7mm are processed at two positions on the exhaust side of the cylinder cover 100 to be used as a water inlet 181 of the cylinder cover water jacket 15, and through grooves with the inner diameter phi 76mm and the width of 7mm are processed at the air inlet side of the cylinder cover 100 to be used as a water outlet 182 of the cylinder cover water jacket 15. And (3) further processing bowl-shaped plug mounting holes with the diameter of 22mm and the depth of 9.3mm in the three fixing cylindrical holes in front and at the back of the water jacket, and performing interference press mounting on the bowl-shaped plugs with the diameter of 22mm for sealing. Or a threaded hole with a certain diameter and a certain depth is further machined in the fabrication hole 17 in the middle of the front end of the water jacket, and a threaded plug 171 is installed. The junction of the plug 171 and the cylinder head 100 needs to be further sealed by applying a sealant.

Example 5:

the embodiment of the application provides a thermodynamic single cylinder engine 1000, and the thermodynamic single cylinder engine 1000 is an independently developed thermodynamic single cylinder engine 1000. Referring to fig. 11, the thermodynamic single cylinder engine 1000 includes a single cylinder block 300a and the cylinder head 100 of embodiment 3 described above. The single cylinder block 300a is a single cylinder block 300 of the prior art, and the structure is not improved, and specific contents can refer to related disclosures of the prior art, which are not described herein. A cylinder gasket is further provided between the single cylinder block 300a and the cylinder head 100, and seals the assembly sealing surface formed by the single cylinder block 300a and the cylinder head 100.

In the thermodynamic single cylinder engine 1000 of the present embodiment, the single cylinder block 300a is cooled separately from the cylinder head 100. The single cylinder block 300a is provided therein with a block water jacket, and circulation of the coolant is achieved by an independent system. After being pressurized by a water pump of a forced cooling system of the test bed, the cooling liquid of the cylinder cover 100 enters the cylinder cover water jacket 15 through the water inlet 181 to cool the cylinder cover 100, and then flows back to the forced cooling system of the test bed from the water outlet 182 to form circulating cooling of the cooling liquid in the cylinder cover water jacket 15.

Example 6:

based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application provides another thermodynamic single-cylinder engine 1000, and the thermodynamic single-cylinder engine 1000 is formed by improving a mass production multi-cylinder engine. Referring to fig. 12 and 13, the single thermodynamic cylinder 1000 includes a cylinder block 300, the cylinder head 100 of embodiment 4 described above, and a cover plate 200. Taking the example of mass production of the four-cylinder engine modified into the thermodynamic single cylinder engine 1000, the cylinder block 300 is the cylinder block 300 of mass production of the four-cylinder engine, and the structure is not modified, and specific contents can refer to related disclosures in the prior art, which are not described herein. The cylinder block 300 of the mass-produced four-cylinder engine has four cylinder bores, the cylinder head 100 covers the first cylinder (first cylinder bore) of the four-cylinder block 300, and the cover plate 200 covers two, three, and four cylinders of the four-cylinder block 300. A head gasket is further provided between the cylinder block 300 and the cylinder head 100 and the head plate 200, and seals an assembly sealing surface formed by the cylinder block 300 and the cylinder head 100.

A block water jacket 310 is provided in the cylinder block 300, and the water inlet 181 and the water outlet 182 of the cylinder head 100 communicate with the block water jacket, respectively. After being pressurized by an engine water pump, the coolant firstly passes through the air inlet side of the water jacket of the cylinder block 300, is guided to the air outlet side of the water jacket of the cylinder block 300 through the coolant partition plate, and enters the air outlet side of the water jacket 15 of the cylinder head 100 through the water inlet 181 at the bottom surface of the cylinder head. Referring to fig. 8 and 9, under the pressure of the cooling system, the coolant passes through the air inlet side of the water jacket 15 of the cylinder head 100 and enters the water jacket on the air inlet side of the cylinder head 100 through the water outlet 182 on the bottom surface of the air inlet side of the cylinder head 100, then is discharged to the engine body, is guided to the radiator through the cooling pipeline and finally returns to the water pump, and the circulation of the coolant in the engine system is realized.

Referring to fig. 12, the single thermodynamic engine 1000 further includes necessary accessories such as a generator 400, an air conditioner compressor 500, a cooling system 600, a lubricating system 700, and the like, wherein the cooling system 600 mainly includes a water pump, a radiator, and the like, and is used for circulating coolant in the engine and cooling the cylinder block 300 and the cylinder head 100. The lubricating system 700 mainly includes an oil pump, an oil cooler, an oil filter, and the like, and is used to implement circulation of oil in the engine and lubricate each kinematic pair of the engine. The accessories are conventional configurations of engine systems, and the present embodiment is not modified, and details thereof are disclosed in the related art and will not be described herein.

Through the embodiment, the invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:

1) The application provides a cylinder head blank 10, according to the above-mentioned two kinds of engine system related assembly boundary of traditional single cylinder engine and single cylinder head-the two kinds of engine systems of novel single cylinder engine that volume production cylinder block 300 constitutes and refrigerated system requirement, on the same cylinder head blank basis, realize two kinds of cylinder head 100 finished products that satisfy the engine actual function demand through different machine adds the scheme, satisfy the user demand of two kinds of thermodynamics single cylinder engine 1000 systems, the thinking is novel, it is simple and convenient to implement, reducible cylinder head blank 10 kinds are convenient for the universalization management, and reduce the manufacturing cost of cylinder head 100.

2) According to the cylinder cover blank 10 and the corresponding preparation method, the air inlet and exhaust side water jacket sand core fixing columns are arranged, the multi-point support can play a role in supporting and positioning the sand core, the situation that the sand core is broken or displaced when the cylinder cover blank 10 is cast to cause blank casting failure is avoided, the cylinder cover blank can be used as a sand discharge hole after blank casting is completed, complete sand discharge is guaranteed, and the cleanliness of the cylinder cover blank is improved.

3) The application provides two kinds of thermodynamics single cylinder engine 1000 cylinder heads 100, all advance to advance the coolant liquid from the exhaust side, discharge from the side of admitting air after the water jacket cooling, can reduce the higher exhaust side temperature of heat load, make the temperature of cylinder head 100 combustion chamber respectively more balanced, reduce the detonation tendency of engine.

4) According to the traditional thermodynamics single cylinder engine 1000 provided by the application, the cylinder body 300 and the cylinder cover 100 are cooled in a split mode, for the cylinder cover 100, two water jacket sand core fixing holes in the rear end face of the cylinder cover 100 are used as a water inlet 181 and a water outlet 182 of a water jacket and are respectively externally connected with a water inlet pipe and a water return pipe of a rack cooling system, circulation of cooling liquid is achieved, and the idea is novel; the two water jacket sand core fixing holes on the rear end surface of the cylinder cover 100 integrate the functions of water inlet and water outlet, and the arrangement difficulty of the cylinder cover 100 is reduced.

4) The application provides a novel thermodynamics single cylinder engine 1000 is integral lubrication, through add the recess that link up mutually with the water jacket at cylinder head 100 bottom surface machine, makes cylinder head 100 water jacket 15 link up with the cylinder body water jacket, realizes the whole cooling system circulation of engine, implements portably.

While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications of these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.

Claims

1. A cylinder head blank, its characterized in that: the cylinder cover blank is a casting, a water jacket cavity formed by a water jacket sand core and at least three process holes formed by at least three fixing columns are arranged in the cylinder cover blank, and the at least three process holes are distributed at intervals and respectively penetrate through the water jacket cavity and the external environment; two of the at least three process holes are distributed at the rear end of the cylinder cover blank and are respectively close to the air inlet side and the air exhaust side of the cylinder cover blank, and the process holes are used for installing plugs or forming water inlets/water outlets for installing pipe joints through machining; the distance D between the bottom surface of the water jacket cavity and the bottom surface of the cylinder cover blank is 5-6 mm; and the distance between the bottom surface of the water jacket cavity and the design assembly sealing surface of the cylinder cover blank for butting the cylinder body is smaller than the distance D.

2. The cylinder head blank of claim 1, wherein: the cylinder cover blank is internally provided with a combustion chamber top cover, and the water jacket cavity surrounds the periphery of the combustion chamber top cover.

3. The cylinder head blank of any one of claims 1-2, wherein: the axes of the at least three process holes are all parallel to the designed assembling sealing surface of the cylinder cover blank for butting the cylinder block.

4. The cylinder head blank of claim 3, wherein: the fabrication holes are round holes; the diameter of the round hole is 15 mm-20 mm.

5. A process for manufacturing a cylinder head blank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

casting in the casting mould to obtain a casting;

6. A cylinder head for a thermodynamic single cylinder engine, comprising: machined from the cylinder head blank of any one of claims 1-4; a water inlet, a water outlet and the water jacket chamber which are communicated are arranged in the cylinder cover; the water inlet and the water outlet are respectively formed by machining two process holes, and pipe joints are arranged in the water inlet and the water outlet; and plugs are hermetically arranged in the rest process holes.

7. A thermodynamic single cylinder machine, comprising:

a single cylinder block;

the cylinder head of claim 6, attached to the single cylinder block.

8. A cylinder head for a thermodynamic single cylinder engine, comprising: machined from the cylinder head blank of any one of claims 1-4; a water inlet, a water outlet and the water jacket chamber which are communicated are arranged in the cylinder cover; the water inlet and the water outlet are both formed by machining, are positioned at the bottom of the cylinder cover and respectively penetrate through the water jacket chamber and the external environment; and a plug is hermetically arranged in each technical hole.

9. The cylinder head of claim 8, wherein: the water inlet is close to the exhaust side of the cylinder head; the water outlet is close to the air inlet side of the cylinder cover.

10. The cylinder head according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: the number of the water inlets and the water outlets is more than one; the water inlet and the water outlet are arc-shaped strip-shaped holes; the inner diameters of the water inlet and the water outlet are different.

11. A thermodynamic single cylinder machine, comprising:

the cylinder head as recited in any one of claims 8 to 10, attached to the cylinder block and capping a first one of the bores of the cylinder block; the water inlet and the water outlet of the cylinder cover are respectively communicated with the cylinder water jacket;

and the cover plate is covered on other cylinder barrels of the cylinder body.