CN114317972A - Method for recycling palladium from palladium-containing filter element - Google Patents
Method for recycling palladium from palladium-containing filter element Download PDFInfo
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- CN114317972A CN114317972A CN202111533969.1A CN202111533969A CN114317972A CN 114317972 A CN114317972 A CN 114317972A CN 202111533969 A CN202111533969 A CN 202111533969A CN 114317972 A CN114317972 A CN 114317972A
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- palladium
- filter element
- aqua regia
- containing filter
- salt
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- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 463
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 223
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of precious metal recovery, and relates to a method for recovering palladium by a palladium-containing filter element. According to the invention, the palladium-containing filter element is carbonized to collect the palladium-containing ashes, so that the phenomenon that the recovery rate of palladium is influenced by flying of solid residues caused by traditional incineration of the palladium-containing filter element is avoided, energy sources can be saved, and the emission of toxic gases is reduced; dissolving the palladium-containing ash by using a nitric acid solution, removing undissolved solids through vacuum filtration and washing, reducing the impurity residue rate, adding a palladium precipitation solution to precipitate palladium aqua regia to obtain palladium salt with high purity, and removing liquid containing impurity metal elements through vacuum filtration and washing to ensure the purity of the palladium salt; the recovery method has the advantages that the recovery rate of palladium element in the palladium-containing filter element is high, the recovery process flow is simplified, the operation and the control are easy, the purity of the recovered finished palladium is high, and the subsequent processing cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of precious metal recovery, and relates to a method for recovering palladium by a palladium-containing filter element.
Background
Palladium is used as a rare noble metal and plays a role as a catalyst in industrial production, such as a plastic electroplating production process, the synthesis of floxadine, toluene diisocyanate, terephthalic acid hydrofining and the like. Because palladium is a noble metal, the resource is rare, and the price is high, the method has very important significance for recovering the organic waste palladium in the deactivated catalyst.
At present, the method for recovering palladium generally adopts a burning method, active carbon and a large amount of organic matters in a palladium filter element are removed by burning, solid residues fly up due to air circulation in the burning process, palladium loss can be caused, and the existing palladium recovery rate is not high and the quality is low due to special requirements on the structure and the material of a burning furnace and high energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the method for recovering palladium from the palladium-containing filter element, which has the advantages of high recovery rate of palladium element in the palladium-containing filter element, simplified recovery process flow and high purity of recovered finished product palladium.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for recovering palladium by a palladium-containing filter element comprises the following steps:
a. carbonizing the palladium-containing filter element to obtain a palladium-containing ash;
b. adding the palladium-containing ashes into a reaction kettle, and then adding a nitric acid solution into the reaction kettle until the palladium-containing ashes are dissolved to obtain palladium aqua regia;
c. filtering and washing the dissolved palladium aqua regia until the pH value of the filtrate is neutral;
d. adding the filtered and washed palladium aqua regia into a precipitation kettle, slowly adding a palladium precipitation solution into the filtered palladium aqua regia, and adding the palladium precipitation solution while stirring until palladium salt in the palladium aqua regia is completely precipitated;
e. filtering and washing the precipitated palladium salt;
f. and calcining the palladium salt to obtain the finished product of palladium.
Further, in the step b, the palladium ash is put into nitric acid solution, heated to 35-45 ℃ and continuously dissolved for 1-3h, and then heating is stopped to obtain palladium aqua regia after dissolution.
Further, in the step b, the mass ratio of the palladium-containing ashes to the nitric acid solution is 1: 3-4.
Further, in the step d, when the palladium precipitation solution is added to precipitate palladium, the addition amount of the palladium precipitation solution is 3 to 4 times of the total weight of the theoretically recovered palladium.
Further, in the step a, the palladium-containing filter element is carbonized at the temperature of 450-700 ℃, and after the carbonization time is 2-4h, the palladium-containing ash is cooled to the room temperature.
Further, in the step b, the adding speed of the nitric acid solution is 40-100ml/min, and the nitric acid solution is added while stirring.
Further, in step c, the palladium aqua regia is filtered by vacuum filtration.
Further, in step e, the precipitated palladium salt is filtered by vacuum filtration.
Further, in step e, during the washing of the precipitated palladium salt, the PH of the washing water is neutral.
Further, in step f, the palladium salt is continuously calcined at the temperature of 500-700 ℃ for 4-5h to obtain the finished product palladium.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the palladium-containing filter element is carbonized to collect the palladium-containing ashes, so that the phenomenon that the recovery rate of palladium is influenced by flying of solid residues caused by traditional incineration of the palladium-containing filter element is avoided, energy sources can be saved, and the emission of toxic gases is reduced; dissolving the palladium-containing ash by using a nitric acid solution, removing undissolved solids through vacuum filtration and washing, reducing the impurity residue rate, adding a palladium precipitation solution to precipitate palladium aqua regia to obtain palladium salt with high purity, and removing liquid containing impurity metal elements through vacuum filtration and washing to ensure the purity of the palladium salt; the recovery method has the advantages that the recovery rate of palladium element in the palladium-containing filter element is high, the recovery process flow is simplified, the operation and the control are easy, the purity of the recovered finished palladium is high, and the subsequent processing cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention and to practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
A method for recovering palladium by a palladium-containing filter element comprises the following steps:
a. carbonizing the palladium-containing filter element at 450 ℃, obtaining a palladium-containing gray product after carbonizing for 2 hours, and cooling the palladium-containing gray product to room temperature;
b. adding the palladium-containing ashes into a reaction kettle, and then adding a nitric acid solution into the reaction kettle, wherein the mass ratio of the palladium-containing ashes to the nitric acid solution is 1: 3, heating to 35 ℃, adding the acid solution at a speed of 45ml/min, stirring while adding the nitric acid solution, continuously dissolving for 3 hours, and stopping heating until the palladium-containing ashes are dissolved to obtain palladium aqua regia;
c. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the dissolved palladium aqua regia until the pH value of the filtrate is neutral;
d. adding the filtered and washed palladium aqua regia into a precipitation kettle, slowly adding a palladium precipitation solution into the filtered palladium aqua regia, wherein the addition amount of the palladium precipitation solution is 3 times of the total weight of theoretically recovered palladium, and adding the palladium precipitation solution while stirring until palladium salt in the palladium aqua regia is completely precipitated;
e. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the precipitated palladium salt until the pH value of washing water of the palladium salt is neutral;
f. calcining the palladium salt at the temperature of 500 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain the finished product palladium.
According to the invention, the palladium-containing filter element is carbonized to collect the palladium-containing ashes, so that the phenomenon that the recovery rate of palladium is influenced by flying of solid residues caused by traditional incineration of the palladium-containing filter element is avoided, energy sources can be saved, and the emission of toxic gases is reduced; dissolving the palladium-containing ash by using a nitric acid solution, then removing undissolved solids through vacuum filtration and washing to reduce the impurity residual rate, adding a palladium precipitation solution to precipitate palladium aqua regia to obtain palladium salt with high purity, and removing liquid containing impurity metal elements (such as gold, silver, copper and the like dissolved by the nitric acid solution) through vacuum filtration and washing to ensure the purity of the palladium salt; the recovery method has the advantages that the recovery rate of palladium element in the palladium-containing filter element is high, the recovery process flow is simplified, the operation and the control are easy, the purity of the recovered finished palladium is high, and the subsequent processing cost is reduced.
Example 2
A method for recovering palladium by a palladium-containing filter element comprises the following steps:
a. carbonizing the palladium-containing filter element at 500 ℃, obtaining palladium-containing ashes after the carbonization time is 3.5 hours, and cooling the palladium-containing ashes to room temperature;
b. adding the palladium-containing ashes into a reaction kettle, and then adding a nitric acid solution into the reaction kettle, wherein the mass ratio of the palladium-containing ashes to the nitric acid solution is 1: 4, heating to 40 ℃, adding the acid solution at the speed of 60ml/min, stirring while adding the nitric acid solution, continuously dissolving for 2.5 hours, and stopping heating until the palladium-containing ashes are dissolved to obtain palladium aqua regia;
c. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the dissolved palladium aqua regia until the pH value of the filtrate is neutral;
d. adding the filtered and washed palladium aqua regia into a precipitation kettle, slowly adding a palladium precipitation solution into the filtered palladium aqua regia, wherein the addition amount of the palladium precipitation solution is 4 times of the total weight of theoretically recovered palladium, and adding the palladium precipitation solution while stirring until palladium salt in the palladium aqua regia is completely precipitated;
e. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the precipitated palladium salt until the pH value of washing water of the palladium salt is neutral;
f. calcining the palladium salt at the temperature of 600 ℃ for 4.5 hours to obtain the finished product of palladium.
Example 3
A method for recovering palladium by a palladium-containing filter element comprises the following steps:
a. carbonizing the palladium-containing filter element at the temperature of 600 ℃ for 3h to obtain a palladium-containing ash, and cooling the palladium-containing ash to room temperature;
b. adding the palladium-containing ashes into a reaction kettle, and then adding a nitric acid solution into the reaction kettle, wherein the mass ratio of the palladium-containing ashes to the nitric acid solution is 1: 3, heating to 40 ℃, adding the acid solution at the speed of 60ml/min, stirring while adding the nitric acid solution, continuously dissolving for 2 hours, and stopping heating until the palladium-containing ashes are dissolved to obtain palladium aqua regia;
c. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the dissolved palladium aqua regia until the pH value of the filtrate is neutral;
d. adding the filtered and washed palladium aqua regia into a precipitation kettle, slowly adding a palladium precipitation solution into the filtered palladium aqua regia, wherein the addition amount of the palladium precipitation solution is 3 times of the total weight of theoretically recovered palladium, and adding the palladium precipitation solution while stirring until palladium salt in the palladium aqua regia is completely precipitated;
e. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the precipitated palladium salt until the pH value of washing water of the palladium salt is neutral;
f. calcining the palladium salt at the temperature of 600 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the finished product of palladium.
Example 4
A method for recovering palladium by a palladium-containing filter element comprises the following steps:
a. carbonizing the palladium-containing filter element at 650 ℃, obtaining a palladium-containing ash after the carbonization time is 2.5 hours, and cooling the palladium-containing ash to room temperature;
b. adding the palladium-containing ashes into a reaction kettle, and then adding a nitric acid solution into the reaction kettle, wherein the mass ratio of the palladium-containing ashes to the nitric acid solution is 1: 3.5, heating to 42 ℃, adding 70ml/min of acid solution, adding nitric acid solution while stirring, continuously dissolving for 1.8h, and stopping heating until the palladium-containing ashes are dissolved to obtain palladium aqua regia;
c. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the dissolved palladium aqua regia until the pH value of the filtrate is neutral;
d. adding the filtered and washed palladium aqua regia into a precipitation kettle, slowly adding a palladium precipitation solution into the filtered palladium aqua regia, wherein the addition amount of the palladium precipitation solution is 3.3 times of the total weight of the theoretically recovered palladium, and adding the palladium precipitation solution while stirring until the palladium salt in the palladium aqua regia is completely precipitated;
e. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the precipitated palladium salt until the pH value of washing water of the palladium salt is neutral;
f. calcining the palladium salt at 650 ℃ for 4.2h to obtain the finished product of palladium.
Example 5
A method for recovering palladium by a palladium-containing filter element comprises the following steps:
a. carbonizing the palladium-containing filter element at 700 ℃, obtaining a palladium-containing ash after carbonizing for 2 hours, and cooling the palladium-containing ash to room temperature;
b. adding the palladium-containing ashes into a reaction kettle, and then adding a nitric acid solution into the reaction kettle, wherein the mass ratio of the palladium-containing ashes to the nitric acid solution is 1: 4, heating to 45 ℃, adding 80ml/min of acid solution, adding nitric acid solution while stirring, continuously dissolving for 4.5 hours, and stopping heating until the palladium-containing ashes are dissolved to obtain palladium aqua regia;
c. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the dissolved palladium aqua regia until the pH value of the filtrate is neutral;
d. adding the filtered and washed palladium aqua regia into a precipitation kettle, slowly adding a palladium precipitation solution into the filtered palladium aqua regia, wherein the addition amount of the palladium precipitation solution is 4 times of the total weight of theoretically recovered palladium, and adding the palladium precipitation solution while stirring until palladium salt in the palladium aqua regia is completely precipitated;
e. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the precipitated palladium salt until the pH value of washing water of the palladium salt is neutral;
f. calcining the palladium salt at the temperature of 670 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the finished product palladium.
Example 6
A method for recovering palladium by a palladium-containing filter element comprises the following steps:
a. carbonizing the palladium-containing filter element at 700 ℃, obtaining palladium-containing ashes after the carbonization time is 2.8 hours, and cooling the palladium-containing ashes to room temperature;
b. adding the palladium-containing ashes into a reaction kettle, and then adding a nitric acid solution into the reaction kettle, wherein the mass ratio of the palladium-containing ashes to the nitric acid solution is 1: 3.7, heating to 45 ℃, adding the acid solution at a speed of 67ml/min, stirring while adding the nitric acid solution, continuously dissolving for 2.5h, and stopping heating until the palladium-containing ashes are dissolved to obtain palladium aqua regia;
c. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the dissolved palladium aqua regia until the pH value of the filtrate is neutral;
d. adding the filtered and washed palladium aqua regia into a precipitation kettle, slowly adding a palladium precipitation solution into the filtered palladium aqua regia, wherein the addition amount of the palladium precipitation solution is 3.1 times of the total weight of the theoretically recovered palladium, and adding the palladium precipitation solution while stirring until the palladium salt in the palladium aqua regia is completely precipitated;
e. carrying out vacuum filtration and washing on the precipitated palladium salt until the pH value of washing water of the palladium salt is neutral;
f. calcining the palladium salt at 700 ℃ for 4h to obtain the finished product of palladium.
TABLE-recovery of gold from palladium-containing filter elements under the above test conditions
Filter element (support) containing palladium | Pd content/(g/count) | Should recover palladium per gram | Final recovery of Palladium/g | Recovery rate |
50 | 0.15 | 7.5 | 7.43 | 99.07% |
70 | 0.15 | 10.5 | 10.41 | 99.14% |
90 | 0.16 | 14.40 | 14.28 | 99.19% |
100 | 0.14 | 14.00 | 13.89 | 99.22% |
50 | 0.14 | 7.0 | 6.95 | 99.31% |
In conclusion, the method for recovering palladium from the palladium-containing filter element has the advantages of high recovery rate of palladium element in the palladium-containing filter element, simple preparation method, good process controllability, recovery rate of recovered finished palladium product reaching more than 99%, and reduction of difficulty in subsequent purification.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for recovering palladium by a palladium-containing filter element is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. carbonizing the palladium-containing filter element to obtain a palladium-containing ash;
b. adding the palladium-containing ashes into a reaction kettle, and then adding a nitric acid solution into the reaction kettle until the palladium-containing ashes are dissolved to obtain palladium aqua regia;
c. filtering and washing the dissolved palladium aqua regia until the pH value of the filtrate is neutral;
d. adding the filtered and washed palladium aqua regia into a precipitation kettle, slowly adding a palladium precipitation solution into the filtered palladium aqua regia, and adding the palladium precipitation solution while stirring until palladium salt in the palladium aqua regia is completely precipitated;
e. filtering and washing the precipitated palladium salt;
f. and calcining the palladium salt to obtain the finished product of palladium.
2. The method for recovering palladium by using the palladium-containing filter element as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step b, the palladium ash is put into a nitric acid solution, heated to 35-45 ℃ and continuously dissolved for 1-3h, and then heating is stopped, so that palladium aqua regia is obtained by dissolution.
3. The method for recovering palladium by using the palladium-containing filter element as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step b, the mass ratio of the palladium-containing ashes to the nitric acid solution is 1: 3-4.
4. The method for recovering palladium from a palladium-containing filter element as recited in claim 1, wherein in the step d, when the palladium precipitation solution is added to precipitate palladium, the amount of the palladium precipitation solution added is 3 to 4 times the total weight of the theoretical recovered palladium.
5. The method for recycling palladium through the palladium-containing filter element as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step a, the palladium-containing filter element is carbonized at the temperature of 450-700 ℃, and after the carbonization time is 2-4h, the palladium-containing ashes are cooled to room temperature.
6. The method for recovering palladium by using the palladium-containing filter element as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step b, the adding speed of the nitric acid solution is 40-100ml/min, and the nitric acid solution is added while stirring.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step c, the palladium aqua regia is subjected to vacuum filtration.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step e, the palladium salt is vacuum filtered to remove palladium.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein in step e, the precipitated palladium salt is washed until the wash water has a neutral PH.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step f, the palladium salt is calcined at 500-700 ℃ for 4-5h to obtain the final product of palladium.
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2021
- 2021-12-15 CN CN202111533969.1A patent/CN114317972A/en active Pending
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KR100378050B1 (en) * | 2000-05-29 | 2003-03-29 | 희성엥겔하드주식회사 | High purity separating method of palladium |
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Title |
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