CN114317863A - Method for producing nodular cast iron with spheroidization rate of more than 90% by adopting wire feeding method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing nodular cast iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by adopting a wire feeding method, which comprises the following steps: 1) sequentially adding pig iron, silicon carbide, a recarburizing agent, scrap steel, alloy and the rest of scrap returns into a charging furnace; 2) when the molten iron in the charging furnace is molten and the temperature reaches a first preset value, sampling; 3) detecting the components of the sample, and tempering according to the detection result to enable the molten iron to meet the component requirements; 4) raising the temperature of the molten iron to a second preset value, and removing slag and tapping; 5) transferring the molten iron to a spheroidizing station, adding 75 ferrosilicon on the surface of the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron reaches a third preset value, and then adding a spheroidizing line for spheroidizing; 6) deslagging the molten iron after the spheroidization is finished, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant on the surface of the molten iron after deslagging is finished; 7) and (3) introducing the molten iron into a pouring ladle, and adding a silicon-barium stream-following inoculant during pouring. The method of the invention has simple operation and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of casting, and particularly relates to a method for producing nodular cast iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by adopting a wire feeding and nodulizing method.
Background
The nodular cast iron is a cast iron alloy with silver gray section, spherical or nodular graphite, certain strength and toughness through spheroidizing inoculation. The nodular cast iron has excellent mechanical property, chemical property and physical property, and is widely applied to the fields of hydraulic pressure and automobile parts. In recent years, most manufacturers change the wire feeding spheroidization method to the production of nodular cast iron due to the influence of environmental protection factors, and the technical advantages are as follows: the absorption rate of magnesium is higher, the amount of secondary oxide slag is less, the flash and smoke during spheroidization are reduced, and the labor condition is improved; the on-line control can be realized, and the length of the core wire is determined according to the sulfur content in the original molten iron; but also has certain disadvantages: the wire feeding method for producing the nodular cast iron has less graphite crystal nucleus, and the produced casting has larger tendency of shrinkage porosity and white cast. In order to solve the problems, the casting with the nodularity of more than 90 percent produced by adopting the wire feeding method usually adopts an imported sulfur-oxygen inoculant to provide oxygen elements required by graphite nucleation, increase the quantity of graphite, improve the nodularity of the casting and reduce the chilling tendency of the casting. But the imported sulfur-oxygen inoculant is adopted, although the amount of graphite is increased, the spheroidization rate of the casting is improved, but the procurement cost is high, the procurement period is longer, and the smelting cost is high.
Therefore, it is expected to develop a method for producing ductile iron with a spheroidization rate of more than 90% by a wire feeding method, which can increase the number of graphite crystal nuclei, reduce the tendency of casting shrinkage porosity and white cast, and reduce the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing nodular cast iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by adopting a wire feeding method, which utilizes silicon dioxide generated by silicon reaction to serve as a substrate of heterogeneous crystal nuclei, increases the number of graphite crystal nuclei, reduces the tendency of shrinkage porosity and white cast, reduces the purchasing cost and smelting cost, and shortens the purchasing period.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron having a spheroidization rate of more than 90% by a wire feeding method, the method comprising the steps of:
1) sequentially adding pig iron, silicon carbide, a recarburizing agent, scrap steel, alloy and the rest of scrap returns into a charging furnace;
2) when the molten iron in the charging furnace is molten and the temperature reaches a first preset value, sampling;
3) detecting sample components, and tempering according to a detection result to enable the molten iron to meet component requirements;
4) raising the temperature of the molten iron to a second preset value, and removing slag and tapping;
5) transferring the molten iron to a spheroidizing station, adding 75 ferrosilicon on the surface of the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron reaches a third preset value, and then adding a spheroidizing line for spheroidizing;
6) deslagging the molten iron after spheroidization is finished, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant on the surface of the molten iron after deslagging is finished;
7) and (3) introducing the molten iron into a pouring ladle, and adding a silicon-barium stream-following inoculant during pouring.
Optionally, in the step 1), the material ratio in the charging furnace is: 50% of pig iron, 10% of scrap steel, 40% of scrap returns, silicon carbide, a recarburizing agent and an alloy.
Optionally, in the step 2), the first preset value is 1400 ℃ to 1420 ℃.
Optionally, in the step 3), the composition of the molten iron is required to be: 3.6 to 3.9 percent of C, 1.2 to 1.4 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr.
Optionally, in the step 4), the second preset value is 1530 ℃ -1550 ℃.
Optionally, in the step 5), the third preset value is 1490 ℃ -1510 ℃.
Optionally, in the step 5), the grain size of the 75-Si iron is 40mm to 50mm, the adding amount of the 75-Si iron is 0.35% to 0.45% of the weight of the molten iron, and the adding amount of the spheroidizing line is 0.9% to 1% of the weight of the molten iron.
Optionally, in the step 6), the silicon-barium inoculant is added in an amount of 0.35-0.45% of the weight of the molten iron.
Optionally, in the step 7), the pouring temperature of the molten iron is 1360-1380 ℃, and the adding amount of the silicon-barium stream-following inoculant in pouring is 0.1-0.15% of the weight of the molten iron.
Optionally, in the step 7), the components during the iron liquid pouring are controlled as follows: 3.5 to 3.8 percent of C, 2.0 to 2.3 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr and 0.04 to 0.055 percent of Mg.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method of the invention adds 75 ferrosilicon on the surface of the molten iron before spheroidization, adds silicon-barium inoculant on the surface of the molten iron after the spheroidization is finished, and adds silicon-barium stream inoculant when pouring into a pouring ladle for pouring. Silicon is used for reaction to generate silicon dioxide to serve as a substrate of heterogeneous crystal nuclei, so that the number of graphite crystal nuclei is increased, the casting shrinkage porosity and white cast tendency are reduced, the cost is reduced, and the method is simple and convenient to operate and high in efficiency.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 shows a metallographic structure schematic of a resulting cast body according to an embodiment of the invention
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
The invention discloses a method for producing nodular cast iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by adopting a wire feeding method, which comprises the following steps:
1) sequentially adding pig iron, silicon carbide, a recarburizing agent, scrap steel, alloy and the rest of scrap returns into a charging furnace;
2) when the molten iron in the charging furnace is molten and the temperature reaches a first preset value, sampling;
3) detecting the components of the sample, and tempering according to the detection result to enable the molten iron to meet the component requirements;
4) raising the temperature of the molten iron to a second preset value, and removing slag and tapping;
5) transferring the molten iron to a spheroidizing station, adding 75 ferrosilicon on the surface of the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron reaches a third preset value, and then adding a spheroidizing line for spheroidizing;
6) deslagging the molten iron after the spheroidization is finished, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant on the surface of the molten iron after deslagging is finished;
7) and (3) introducing the molten iron into a pouring ladle, and adding a silicon-barium stream-following inoculant during pouring.
Specifically, the method comprises the steps of adding 75 ferrosilicon on the surface of molten iron before spheroidization, adding a silicon-barium inoculant on the surface of the molten iron after spheroidization is finished, and adding the silicon-barium stream inoculant when pouring into a pouring ladle for pouring. Silicon is used for reaction to generate silicon dioxide to serve as a substrate of heterogeneous crystal nuclei, so that the number of graphite crystal nuclei is increased, the casting shrinkage porosity and white cast tendency are reduced, the cost is reduced, and the method is simple and convenient to operate and high in efficiency.
Alternatively, in the step 1), the material ratio in the material furnace is as follows: 50% of pig iron, 10% of scrap steel, 40% of scrap returns, silicon carbide, a recarburizing agent and an alloy.
Alternatively, in the step 2), the first preset value is 1400-1420 ℃.
Alternatively, in the step 3), the composition requirements of the molten iron are as follows: 3.6 to 3.9 percent of C, 1.2 to 1.4 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr.
Alternatively, in step 4), the second preset value is 1530 ℃ -1550 ℃.
Alternatively, in step 5), the third preset value is 1490 ℃ -1510 ℃.
Alternatively, in the step 5), the particle size of the 75 ferrosilicon is 40mm-50mm, the adding amount of the 75 ferrosilicon is 0.35% -0.45% of the weight of the molten iron, and the adding amount of the spheroidizing line is 0.9% -1% of the weight of the molten iron.
Alternatively, in the step 6), the adding amount of the silicon-barium inoculant is 0.35-0.45% of the weight of the molten iron.
Optionally, in the step 7), the pouring temperature of the molten iron is 1360-1380 ℃, and the adding amount of the silicon-barium stream-following inoculant is 0.1-0.15% of the weight of the molten iron during pouring.
Alternatively, in the step 7), the components during iron liquid pouring are controlled as follows: 3.5 to 3.8 percent of C, 2.0 to 2.3 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr and 0.04 to 0.055 percent of Mg.
Example 1
1) Sequentially adding pig iron, silicon carbide, a recarburizing agent, scrap steel, alloy and the rest of returning charge into a charging furnace, wherein the material ratio is as follows: 50% of pig iron, 10% of scrap steel, 40% of scrap returns, silicon carbide, recarburizing agent and alloy;
2) when the molten iron in the charging furnace is molten and the temperature reaches 1418 ℃, sampling;
3) detecting the components of the sample, and tempering according to the detection result to ensure that the molten iron meets the component requirements: 3.87 percent of C, 1.29 percent of Si, 0.26 percent of Mn, 0.031 percent of P, 0.018 percent of S and 0.031 percent of Cr;
4) raising the temperature of the molten iron to 1543 ℃, removing slag and tapping;
5) transferring the molten iron to a spheroidizing station, measuring the temperature, adding 75 ferrosilicon with the granularity of 40-50 mm, wherein the weight of the ferrosilicon is 0.4 percent of the weight of the molten iron, into the surface of the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron reaches 1509 ℃, and then spheroidizing, wherein the adding amount of a spheroidizing line is 0.9-1 percent of the weight of the molten iron;
6) deslagging the molten iron after the spheroidization is finished, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant which is 0.4 percent of the weight of the molten iron on the surface of the molten iron after deslagging is finished;
7) introducing molten iron into a pouring ladle, adding a silicon-barium stream inoculant accounting for 0.1 percent of the weight of the molten iron during pouring, and controlling the components during pouring as follows: 3.72 percent of C, 2.23 percent of Si, 0.27 percent of Mn, 0.032 percent of P, 0.013 percent of S, 0.029 percent of Cr and 0.048 percent of Mg, and the casting temperature is controlled to be 1377 ℃.
The metallographic detection results are as follows: the graphite is spherical, the nodularity is 93%, the graphite size is 6-7 grade, the pearlite content is 5 beads, and the graphite quantity is 338/mm2
Example 2
1) Sequentially adding pig iron, silicon carbide, a recarburizing agent, scrap steel, alloy and the rest of returning charge into a charging furnace, wherein the material ratio is as follows: 50% of pig iron, 10% of scrap steel, 40% of scrap returns, silicon carbide, recarburizing agent and alloy;
2) when the molten iron in the charging furnace is molten and the temperature reaches 1418 ℃, sampling;
3) detecting the components of the sample, and tempering according to the detection result to ensure that the molten iron meets the component requirements: 3.81 percent of C, 1.32 percent of Si, 0.3 percent of Mn, 0.029 percent of P, 0.017 percent of S and 0.03 percent of Cr;
4) raising the temperature of the molten iron to 1539 ℃, removing slag and tapping;
5) transferring the molten iron to a spheroidizing station, measuring the temperature, adding 75 ferrosilicon with the granularity of 40-50 mm, wherein the weight of the ferrosilicon is 0.4 percent of the weight of the molten iron, into the surface of the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron reaches 1509 ℃, and then spheroidizing, wherein the adding amount of a spheroidizing line is 0.9-1 percent of the weight of the molten iron;
6) deslagging the molten iron after the spheroidization is finished, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant which is 0.4 percent of the weight of the molten iron on the surface of the molten iron after deslagging is finished;
7) introducing molten iron into a pouring ladle, adding a silicon-barium stream inoculant accounting for 0.1 percent of the weight of the molten iron during pouring, and controlling the components during pouring as follows: 3.70 percent of C, 2.23 percent of Si, 0.31 percent of Mn, 0.030 percent of P, 0.013 percent of S, 0.029 percent of Cr and 0.048 percent of Mg, and the casting temperature is controlled to be 1377 ℃.
The metallographic detection results are as follows: the graphite is spherical, the nodularity is 95 percent, the graphite size is 6 to 7 grades, the pearlite content is 5 beads, and the number of the graphite is 355 per mm2
Example 3
1) Sequentially adding pig iron, silicon carbide, a recarburizing agent, scrap steel, alloy and the rest of returning charge into a charging furnace, wherein the material ratio is as follows: 50% of pig iron, 10% of scrap steel, 40% of scrap returns, silicon carbide, recarburizing agent and alloy;
2) when the molten iron in the charging furnace is molten and the temperature reaches 1418 ℃, sampling;
3) detecting the components of the sample, and tempering according to the detection result to ensure that the molten iron meets the component requirements: 3.79 percent of C, 1.33 percent of Si, 0.32 percent of Mn, 0.032 percent of P, 0.018 percent of S and 0.028 percent of Cr;
4) raising the temperature of the molten iron to 1546 ℃, removing slag and tapping;
5) transferring the molten iron to a spheroidizing station, measuring the temperature, adding 75 percent ferrosilicon with the granularity of 40mm-50mm and the weight of 0.4 percent of the molten iron on the surface of the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron reaches 1501 ℃, and then spheroidizing, wherein the adding amount of a spheroidizing line is 0.9-1 percent of the weight of the molten iron;
6) deslagging the molten iron after the spheroidization is finished, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant which is 0.4 percent of the weight of the molten iron on the surface of the molten iron after deslagging is finished;
7) introducing molten iron into a pouring ladle, adding a silicon-barium stream inoculant accounting for 0.1 percent of the weight of the molten iron during pouring, and controlling the components during pouring as follows: 3.68 percent of C, 2.27 percent of Si, 0.33 percent of Mn, 0.032 percent of P, 0.013 percent of S, 0.028 percent of Cr and 0.047 percent of Mg, and the casting temperature is controlled to be 1377 ℃.
The metallographic detection results are as follows: the graphite is spherical, the nodularity is 92 percent, the graphite length is 6 to 7 grades, the pearlite content is 5 beads, and the graphite quantity is 342 per mm2The metallographic structure of the casting is shown in FIG. 1.
The method is simple, simple and convenient to operate and high in efficiency; 75 ferrosilicon with the granularity of 40mm-50mm and the weight of 0.4 percent of the weight of the molten iron is added on the surface of the molten iron before spheroidization, spheroidization is carried out, and a silicon-barium inoculant with the weight of 0.4 percent of the weight of the molten iron is added on the surface of the molten iron and poured into a pouring ladle after the spheroidization is finished, so that the method is suitable for producing the nodular iron castings with the spheroidization rate of more than 90 percent by a wire feeding spheroidization method.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing ductile iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by adopting a wire feeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) sequentially adding pig iron, silicon carbide, a recarburizing agent, scrap steel, alloy and the rest of scrap returns into a charging furnace;
2) when the molten iron in the charging furnace is molten and the temperature reaches a first preset value, sampling;
3) detecting sample components, and tempering according to a detection result to enable the molten iron to meet component requirements;
4) raising the temperature of the molten iron to a second preset value, and removing slag and tapping;
5) transferring the molten iron to a spheroidizing station, adding 75 ferrosilicon on the surface of the molten iron when the temperature of the molten iron reaches a third preset value, and then adding a spheroidizing line for spheroidizing;
6) deslagging the molten iron after spheroidization is finished, and adding a silicon-barium inoculant on the surface of the molten iron after deslagging is finished;
7) and (3) introducing the molten iron into a pouring ladle, and adding a silicon-barium stream-following inoculant during pouring.
2. The method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by adopting the wire feeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the material ratio in the charging furnace is as follows: 50% of pig iron, 10% of scrap steel, 40% of scrap returns, silicon carbide, a recarburizing agent and an alloy.
3. The method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by wire feeding according to claim 1, wherein the first preset value in step 2) is 1400-1420 ℃.
4. The method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by adopting the wire feeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the molten iron has the following composition requirements: 3.6 to 3.9 percent of C, 1.2 to 1.4 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr.
5. The method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron with a spheroidization rate of more than 90% by the wire feeding method according to claim 1, wherein the second preset value in the step 4) is 1530-1550 ℃ to 1550 ℃.
6. The method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron with a spheroidization rate of more than 90% by the wire feeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the third preset value is 1490 ℃ -1510 ℃.
7. The method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by a wire feeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the grain size of the 75 ferrosilicon is 40mm to 50mm, the addition amount is 0.35 to 0.45 percent of the weight of molten iron, and the addition amount of the nodularization line is 0.9 to 1 percent of the weight of the molten iron.
8. The method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by adopting the wire feeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6), the silicon-barium inoculant is added in an amount of 0.35-0.45% of the weight of the molten iron.
9. The method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by adopting a wire feeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 7), the pouring temperature of the molten iron is 1360-1380 ℃, and the silicon-barium stream inoculant is added in an amount of 0.1-0.15% of the weight of the molten iron when the pouring is carried out.
10. The method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron with a nodularity of more than 90% by adopting the wire feeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 7), the components in the casting of the molten iron are controlled as follows: 3.5 to 3.8 percent of C, 2.0 to 2.3 percent of Si, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cr and 0.04 to 0.055 percent of Mg.
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