CN114316408A - Heat-conducting composite material based on recycled polyethylene and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-conducting composite material based on recycled polyethylene and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heat-conducting composite material based on recycled polyethylene and a preparation method thereof. Firstly, crushing recycled waste polyethylene into particles, and then washing the particles with acid solution and deionized water in sequence for later use; secondly, mixing the carbon material and the nano oxide according to a certain proportion, then adding the mixture into an alcohol solution, stirring, drying after filtering, and then roasting at high temperature for later use; and thirdly, mixing the treated waste polyethylene and the heat-conducting filler, extruding and molding, washing the obtained product by using an acid solution and deionized water, granulating and drying to finally obtain the recycled polyethylene heat-conducting composite material with high Young modulus and high heat conductivity coefficient. The method has the advantages of simple process, wide product application, high value, strong processing capacity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polymer composite materials and plastic recycling, in particular to a heat-conducting composite material based on recycled polyethylene and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of economy, the improvement of industrial manufacturing capacity and the improvement of living standard of people, the global yield of plastic waste is continuously increased. In the face of increasingly severe plastic pollution crisis, plastic closed loops are manufactured through recycling, so that the recycling level of plastic resources is improved, and the change from linear economy to sustainable green circular economy gradually becomes great. Research shows that waste polyethylene almost occupies about half of the whole waste plastic yield, and the waste polyethylene yield is increased with continuous change and expansion of the consumption market. However, waste polyethylene is difficult to degrade in natural environment, and is easy to cause huge environmental pollution, and how to recycle waste polyethylene plastics with such huge yield, so that the functional cyclic utilization of resources is realized while white pollution and energy waste are avoided, and the method is a key point and a hotspot of current basic research and industrial development.
The existing waste polyethylene plastic recovery technology is found to be simple by searching, for example, in chinese patent CN108189277A, the collected waste polyethylene products are firstly crushed into granular fragments, and then cleaned. The scheme is only to simply recycle the waste polyethylene for secondary use, and does not realize functional utilization, and the recycled polyethylene plastic has poor performance and low added value. Similar technologies also include CN 112795068A. In a word, the recycling level of the waste polyethylene is low at present, related researches on functionalization are few, and especially, the research on the high-thermal-conductivity recycled polyethylene composite material is almost unprecedented.
Chinese patent CN108373559A discloses a graphene/carbon nanotube synergistically enhanced polyethylene pipe and a preparation method thereof, in the scheme, polyethylene and graphene/carbon nanotube powder are uniformly mixed, and then are extruded, granulated and injection molded to prepare a polyethylene pipe product with obviously improved tensile strength and heat conductivity coefficient. Firstly, the scheme does not relate to recycling and functionalization of waste polyethylene, and whether the technology is suitable for recycling the waste polyethylene or not and obtains similar technical effects cannot be expected by considering the great difference between the brand-new polyethylene and the recycled polyethylene in the aspects of composition, molecular weight, performance and the like. In addition, the tensile strength and the heat conductivity coefficient of the polyethylene pipe in the scheme are improved compared with those of a common plastic pipe, but the raw materials and the polyethylene are simply mixed and the functionalization of the polyethylene pipe is not realized, more chemical additives are introduced into the formula, the improvement of the heat conductivity coefficient is not obvious, and the heat conductivity advantage of the carbon material is not fully exerted. Similarly, chinese patent CN107446231A also discloses that although the composite material is obtained by jointly modifying polyethylene with graphene, carbon nanotubes and fullerene, the raw material polyethylene is simply blended and does not achieve functionalization, and the recovery of waste polyethylene is not involved.
In summary, how to functionalize the recycled waste polyethylene is an important direction for improving the recycling rate and value of materials, and reports related to the technology related to the functionalization of the recycled polyethylene are few at present, and most of the reports are focused on simpler technical layers such as physical crushing, chemical dissolution, introduction of a third group of chemical toughening and reinforcement and the like of the waste polyethylene. Particularly, in the polyethylene carbon heat-conducting composite material, the polyethylene raw resin is mainly blended with the heat-conducting filler, almost no heat-conducting functionalization of the recovered polyethylene exists, the heat-conducting filler is easy to aggregate, and the heat-conducting effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcoming the above problems of the prior art and providing a method for preparing a heat conductive composite material based on recycled polyethylene, the method comprising the steps of: (a) respectively pretreating the recovered waste polyethylene and the heat-conducting filler; (b) mixing the treated waste polyethylene and the heat-conducting filler for molding, and carrying out post-treatment on a molded product to obtain the recycled polyethylene heat-conducting composite material.
Furthermore, the weight average molecular weight of the recovered waste polyethylene is controlled to be 6-12 ten thousand. Researches find that the mechanical properties, especially the tensile strength and the impact strength, of the polyethylene are poor when the molecular weight of the polyethylene is too low, so that the performance of the heat-conducting composite material prepared by using the low-molecular-weight recycled polyethylene is inevitably poor. However, the molecular weight of the polyethylene cannot be too high, and when the molecular weight is too high, the heat-conducting filler is not uniformly dispersed in the polyethylene matrix and is easy to aggregate, so that the heat-conducting property of the composite material is reduced.
Furthermore, the weight ratio of the waste polyethylene to the heat-conducting filler is (100-X): X, and the value range of X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 30.
Further, the heat conducting filler in the step (a) is formed by mixing a carbon material and a nano oxide, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon material is 80-95%.
Still further, the carbon material is selected from at least one of activated carbon, carbon nanotube, carbon fiber, graphite and graphene, and the nano-oxide is selected from aluminum oxide (Al)2O3) Zinc oxide (ZnO), silicon dioxide (SiO)2) Iron oxide (Fe)2O3) At least one of (1).
Further, the method for pretreating the waste polyethylene in the step (a) comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing waste polyethylene into particles, then fully washing the particles by using acid solution and water in sequence, and finally drying the particles (the drying temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the drying time is 10-14 h). The acid washing can remove impurities on the surfaces of the waste polyethylene particles and metal ion components mixed in the waste polyethylene particles, and the performance of the composite material is improved.
Further, the pretreatment method of the heat conductive filler in the step (a) is specifically as follows: adding the heat-conducting filler into the alcohol solution, stirring and mixing, then carrying out solid-liquid separation and drying, and finally roasting in a protective atmosphere (such as nitrogen). Adding a carbon material and a metal nano oxide into an alcohol solution, stirring to facilitate uniform contact of the carbon material and the metal nano oxide, and performing carbon thermal reduction on part of the metal oxide and the carbon material when the filtered and dried heat-conducting filler is roasted in nitrogen to form metal particles and carbon material micropores. In the subsequent granulation process of the roasted heat-conducting filler, the metal particles and part of the metal nano-oxides are dissolved by acid to form the porous heat-conducting filler, so that the heat-conducting property of the composite material is improved.
Furthermore, the alcohol solution is an ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 40-60%, the mass ratio of the heat-conducting filler to the alcohol solution is 1:1-3, the roasting temperature is 380-420 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-6 h.
Further, the waste polyethylene and the heat-conducting filler in the step (b) are fully mixed in a high-speed stirrer at the rotating speed of 900-.
Further, the post-treatment method of the product formed in the step (b) is as follows: and (3) placing the product in an acid solution, fully stirring (140-. It is clear that the effect and purpose of the two pickups are not the same: the first acid washing is used for removing impurities and metal ion components on the surface of the recovered polyethylene, and the second acid washing is used for dissolving metal particles formed by carbon thermal reduction to form the porous heat-conducting filler, so that the heat-conducting performance of the composite material is improved.
Further, the acid solution is at least one selected from hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, sulfuric acid aqueous solution, nitric acid aqueous solution, acetic acid aqueous solution, maleic acid aqueous solution and oxalic acid aqueous solution, and the concentration of the acid solution is 0.5-1.5 mol/L.
The second aim of the invention is to provide a heat-conducting composite material based on recycled polyethylene, which has a Young modulus of approximately 1300MPa and a heat conductivity of about 9.60W/mK.
The heat-conducting carbon material and the nano oxide are mixed according to a certain proportion, and then are subjected to high-temperature nitrogen pretreatment, and then are melted, blended and granulated with the recycled polyethylene particles, and plastic particles formed by granulation are the composite heat-conducting material containing the porous carbon material and the recycled polyethylene through washing by an acid solution with a certain concentration in the granulation process. The aggregation phenomenon of the carbon material in the recovered polyethylene is improved through the treatment, the aim of uniform dispersion is achieved, the heat conductivity of the recovered polyethylene is improved, and the functional comprehensive recycling of the waste polyethylene is realized. The Young modulus of the heat-conducting composite material prepared by the method is nearly 1300MPa, and the heat conductivity coefficient is about 9.60W/mK, which are all obviously superior to similar materials. The invention realizes the recovery and functional reutilization of waste polyethylene, has a series of advantages of simple process, high efficiency, high added value of products and the like, and is beneficial to improving the recovery utilization rate of waste polyethylene plastics.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of the product of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of the product of example 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art fully understand the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the following embodiments are further described.
The pretreatment process for recovering polyethylene of the invention is as follows: cutting recycled waste polyethylene into particles by a plastic cutting machine, soaking and washing the particles for 3h by 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution, cleaning the particles by water, and finally drying the particles for 12h at constant temperature of 80 ℃. According to different batches and sources of waste polyethylene plastics, the weight average molecular weight of the waste polyethylene plastics is different to a certain extent.
Example 1
Mixing heat-conducting filler (80 weight portions of activated carbon + nano Al)2O320 parts by weight) of the heat-conducting filler is added into a solution composed of deionized water and ethanol according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and the mixture is fully stirred and mixed, wherein the weight ratio of the heat-conducting filler to the solution is 1: 2. And filtering and drying the mixed heat-conducting filler, and then heating to 400 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to roast for 4 hours to obtain the pretreated heat-conducting filler.
20 parts by weight of the treated heat-conducting filler and 80 parts by weight of the treated recycled polyethylene particles (weight average molecular weight: about 10 ten thousand) are added into a high-speed stirrer and mixed at normal temperature at the rotating speed of 1000 r/min. The obtained mixed material is added into a double-screw extruder for molding, wherein the diameter of a screw of the double-screw extruder is 75mm, the length-diameter ratio is 40:1, the rotating speed is 1000r/min, the temperature of a first zone is 140 ℃, the temperature of a second zone is 150 ℃, the temperature of a third zone is 160 ℃, the temperature of a fourth zone is 160 ℃, the temperature of a fifth zone is 170 ℃, the temperature of a sixth zone is 175 ℃, the temperature of a seventh zone is 180 ℃, the temperature of an eighth zone is 160 ℃, and the temperature of a ninth zone is 155 ℃. And (3) sequentially passing the composite material strips extruded from the outlet of the extruder die head through 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution with the stirring speed of 150r/min and deionized water, then entering a granulator for granulation, and finally drying at constant temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the recovered polyethylene heat-conducting composite material.
The scanning electron micrograph of the recycled polyethylene composite material prepared in example 1 is shown in FIG. 1, from which it can be seen that carbon and nano Al are present2O3The formed composite heat-conducting filler is uniformly dispersed in a polyethylene matrix, and a nano-scale porous carbon material is formed in the heat-conducting filler through high-temperature nitrogen carbon thermal reduction and subsequent acid treatment processes, so that the heat conductivity of the recycled polyethylene composite material is improved.
Example 2
Mixing heat-conducting filler (45 weight portions of carbon nano tube + 45 weight portions of graphite + 7 weight portions of nano ZnO + nano Al)2O320 parts by weight) of the heat-conducting filler is added into a solution composed of deionized water and ethanol according to the volume ratio of 1:3, and the mixture is fully stirred and mixed, wherein the weight ratio of the heat-conducting filler to the solution is 1: 2. And filtering and drying the mixed heat-conducting filler, and then heating to 400 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to roast for 4 hours to obtain the pretreated heat-conducting filler.
10 parts by weight of the treated heat-conducting filler and 90 parts by weight of the treated recycled polyethylene particles (weight average molecular weight: about 6 ten thousand) are added into a high-speed stirrer and mixed at normal temperature at the rotating speed of 1000 r/min. The obtained mixed material is added into the double-screw extruder for molding. The diameter, the length-diameter ratio and the rotating speed of a screw of the double-screw extruder are unchanged, and the temperature of each zone is changed: the temperature in the first zone was 145 ℃, the temperature in the second zone was 155 ℃, the temperature in the third zone was 165 ℃, the temperature in the fourth zone was 165 ℃, the temperature in the fifth zone was 175 ℃, the temperature in the sixth zone was 195 ℃, the temperature in the seventh zone was 185 ℃, the temperature in the eighth zone was 160 ℃ and the temperature in the ninth zone was 150 ℃. And (3) sequentially passing the composite material strips extruded from the outlet of the extruder die head through 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution with the stirring speed of 150r/min and deionized water, then entering a granulator for granulation, and finally drying at constant temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the recovered polyethylene heat-conducting composite material.
Example 3
Mixing a heat-conducting filler (20 parts by weight of carbon fiber, 75 parts by weight of graphene and nano SiO)25 parts by weight) is added into a solution consisting of deionized water and ethanol according to the volume ratio of 1:3Stirring and mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the heat-conducting filler to the solution is 1: 2. And filtering and drying the mixed heat-conducting filler, and then heating to 400 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to roast for 4 hours to obtain the pretreated heat-conducting filler.
30 parts by weight of the treated heat-conducting filler and 70 parts by weight of the treated recycled polyethylene particles (weight average molecular weight of about 12 ten thousand) are added into a high-speed stirrer and mixed at normal temperature at the rotating speed of 1000 r/min. The resulting blend was fed into the same twin-screw extruder and formed, during which the temperatures in the various zones were controlled as follows: the temperature of the first zone is 160 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 170 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 170 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 180 ℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of the sixth zone is 200 ℃, the temperature of the seventh zone is 185 ℃, the temperature of the eighth zone is 170 ℃ and the temperature of the ninth zone is 160 ℃. The composite material strips extruded from the outlet of the extruder die head sequentially pass through a composite acid solution (a mixture of oxalic acid, acetic acid, maleic acid and water, the total concentration is 0.75mol/L) with the stirring speed of 150r/min and deionized water, then enter a granulator for granulation, and finally are dried at constant temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the recovered polyethylene heat-conducting composite material.
Example 4
Adding a heat-conducting filler (5 parts by weight of activated carbon, 87 parts by weight of graphene and 7 parts by weight of nano iron oxide) into a solution composed of deionized water and ethanol according to a volume ratio of 1:2, and fully stirring and mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the heat-conducting filler to the solution is 1: 2. And filtering and drying the mixed heat-conducting filler, and then heating to 400 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to roast for 4 hours to obtain the pretreated heat-conducting filler.
15 parts by weight of the treated heat-conducting filler and 85 parts by weight of the treated recycled polyethylene particles (weight average molecular weight: about 8 ten thousand) were put into a high-speed mixer and mixed at normal temperature at a rotational speed of 1000 r/min. The resulting blend was fed into the same twin-screw extruder and formed, during which the temperatures in the various zones were controlled as follows: the first zone temperature was 150 ℃, the second zone temperature was 170 ℃, the third zone temperature was 175 ℃, the fourth zone temperature was 180 ℃, the fifth zone temperature was 180 ℃, the sixth zone temperature was 185 ℃, the seventh zone temperature was 180 ℃, the eighth zone temperature was 170 ℃ and the ninth zone temperature was 140 ℃. The composite material strips extruded from the outlet of the extruder die head are sequentially subjected to a composite acid solution (a mixed solution of oxalic acid, hydrochloric acid and water, the total concentration is 0.1mol/L) and deionized water at a stirring speed of 150r/min, then granulated in a granulator, and finally dried at a constant temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the recovered polyethylene heat-conducting composite material.
Example 5
Adding heat-conducting filler (25 parts by weight of carbon fiber, 25 parts by weight of carbon nano tube, 37 parts by weight of graphene, 5 parts by weight of nano iron oxide, 4 parts by weight of nano silicon dioxide and 4 parts by weight of nano zinc oxide) into a solution composed of deionized water and ethanol according to a volume ratio of 1:2, and fully stirring and mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the heat-conducting filler to the solution is 1: 2. And filtering and drying the mixed heat-conducting filler, and then heating to 400 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to roast for 4 hours to obtain the pretreated heat-conducting filler.
25 parts by weight of the treated heat-conducting filler and 75 parts by weight of the treated recycled polyethylene particles (weight average molecular weight: about 9 ten thousand) were put into a high-speed mixer and mixed at normal temperature at a rotation speed of 1000 r/min. The resulting mixture was fed into a twin-screw extruder and shaped, during which the temperatures in the various zones were controlled as follows: the first zone temperature was 140 ℃, the second zone temperature was 150 ℃, the third zone temperature was 165 ℃, the fourth zone temperature was 170 ℃, the fifth zone temperature was 180 ℃, the sixth zone temperature was 170 ℃, the seventh zone temperature was 160 ℃, the eighth zone temperature was 150 ℃ and the ninth zone temperature was 140 ℃. The composite material strips extruded from the outlet of the extruder die head are sequentially subjected to a composite acid solution (a mixed solution of oxalic acid, maleic acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and water, the total concentration is 1mol/L) with the stirring speed of 150r/min and deionized water, then enter a granulator for granulation, and finally are dried at constant temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the recovered polyethylene heat-conducting composite material.
A scanning electron microscope photograph of the heat-conducting composite material based on recycled polyethylene prepared in example 5 is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen from the figure that the carbon material and the nano oxide form a nano-porous carbon material in the heat-conducting filler through the high-temperature nitrogen carbothermic reduction and the subsequent acid treatment process, and particularly, the carbon fibers and the carbon nanotubes in the heat-conducting filler can penetrate through the whole polyethylene matrix and are uniformly dispersed, so that the heat conductivity of the recycled polyethylene composite material is improved.
Comparative example 1
100 parts by weight (weight average molecular weight about 10 ten thousand, same batch as example 1) of the treated recycled polyethylene pellets were fed directly into a twin-screw extruder and formed at the following temperatures in each zone: the temperature in the first zone was 140 ℃, the temperature in the second zone was 150 ℃, the temperature in the third zone was 170 ℃, the temperature in the fourth zone was 175 ℃, the temperature in the fifth zone was 175 ℃, the temperature in the sixth zone was 170 ℃, the temperature in the seventh zone was 160 ℃, the temperature in the eighth zone was 150 ℃ and the temperature in the ninth zone was 140 ℃. And (3) feeding the material strips extruded from the outlet of the extruder die head into a granulator for granulation after passing through deionized water, and then drying at constant temperature of 80 ℃ to finally obtain the recycled polyethylene material.
Comparative example 2
Adding heat-conducting filler (100 parts by weight of activated carbon) into a solution composed of deionized water and ethanol according to a volume ratio of 1:1, and fully stirring and mixing, wherein the weight ratio of the heat-conducting filler to the solution is 1: 2. And filtering and drying the mixed heat-conducting filler, and then heating to 400 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to roast for 4 hours to obtain the pretreated heat-conducting filler.
30 parts by weight of the treated heat conductive filler and 70 parts by weight of the treated recycled polyethylene particles (having a weight average molecular weight of about 10 ten thousand, the same lot as in example 1) were put into a high-speed mixer and mixed at a rotational speed of 1000r/min at normal temperature. The obtained mixed material is added into a double-screw extruder for forming, and the temperature of each zone is as follows: the temperature in the first zone was 140 ℃, the temperature in the second zone was 150 ℃, the temperature in the third zone was 170 ℃, the temperature in the fourth zone was 175 ℃, the temperature in the fifth zone was 175 ℃, the temperature in the sixth zone was 170 ℃, the temperature in the seventh zone was 160 ℃, the temperature in the eighth zone was 150 ℃ and the temperature in the ninth zone was 140 ℃. And (3) allowing the composite material strips extruded from the outlet of the extruder die head to pass through deionized water and enter a granulator for granulation, and drying at a constant temperature of 80 ℃ to finally obtain the recycled polyethylene heat-conducting composite material.
Comparative example 3
Mixing heat-conducting filler (80 weight portions of activated carbon + nano Al)2O320 parts by weight) of the heat-conducting filler is added into a solution composed of deionized water and ethanol according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and the mixture is fully stirred and mixed, wherein the weight ratio of the heat-conducting filler to the solution is 1: 2. Filtering and drying the mixed heat-conducting filler, and then carrying out nitrogen atmosphereHeating to 400 ℃ and roasting for 4h to obtain the pretreated heat-conducting filler.
30 parts by weight of the treated heat conductive filler and 70 parts by weight of the treated recycled polyethylene particles (having a weight average molecular weight of about 10 ten thousand, the same lot as in example 1) were put into a high-speed mixer and mixed at a rotational speed of 1000r/min at normal temperature. The obtained mixed material is added into a double-screw extruder for forming, and the temperature of each zone is as follows: the temperature in the first zone was 140 ℃, the temperature in the second zone was 150 ℃, the temperature in the third zone was 170 ℃, the temperature in the fourth zone was 175 ℃, the temperature in the fifth zone was 175 ℃, the temperature in the sixth zone was 170 ℃, the temperature in the seventh zone was 160 ℃, the temperature in the eighth zone was 150 ℃ and the temperature in the ninth zone was 140 ℃. And (3) sequentially passing the composite material strips extruded from the outlet of the extruder die head through 1mol/L hydrochloric acid solution with the stirring speed of 150r/min and deionized water, then entering a granulator for granulation, and finally drying at constant temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the recovered polyethylene heat-conducting composite material.
In order to fully understand the properties of the products of each example and comparative example, mechanical and thermal conductivity tests were conducted, respectively. The mechanical property test is carried out according to the method of national standard GBT1040-2006 plastic tensile property. The heat conductivity test is completed by a hot wire method heat conductivity tester, the test temperature is room temperature, each sample is measured for five times at room temperature, the average value is taken as the final heat conductivity, the size of the test sample is 40 multiplied by 10 multiplied by 1mm3. The test results are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 comparison table of mechanical and thermal conductivity of examples and comparative examples
It can be seen from the data in the above table that after the heat-conducting carbon material is mixed with the nano oxide, the mixture is subjected to high-temperature nitrogen carbothermic reduction in the early stage, melted and blended with the recycled polyethylene for granulation, and then treated by the acidic solution, so that the porous carbon material and polyethylene composite material is obtained, the heat-conducting property of the recycled polyethylene is finally improved, the comprehensive property of the recycled polyethylene material is enhanced, and the functional comprehensive recycling of the waste polyethylene is realized.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a heat-conducting composite material based on recycled polyethylene is characterized by comprising the following steps: (a) respectively pretreating the recovered waste polyethylene and the heat-conducting filler; (b) mixing the treated waste polyethylene and the heat-conducting filler for molding, and carrying out post-treatment on a molded product to obtain the recycled polyethylene heat-conducting composite material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the weight average molecular weight of the recovered waste polyethylene is controlled to be 6-12 ten thousand.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of the waste polyethylene to the heat-conducting filler is (100-X) X, and the value range of X is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 30.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the heat conducting filler in the step (a) is formed by mixing a carbon material and a nano oxide, wherein the carbon material is selected from at least one of activated carbon, carbon nano tubes, carbon fibers, graphite and graphene, and the nano oxide is selected from at least one of aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide and iron oxide.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the mass percentage of the carbon material in the heat-conducting filler is 80-95%.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method for pretreating the waste polyethylene in the step (a) comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing waste polyethylene into particles, then fully washing the particles by using acid solution and water in sequence, and finally drying the particles; the pretreatment method of the heat-conducting filler comprises the following specific steps: adding the heat-conducting filler into the alcoholic solution, stirring and mixing, then carrying out solid-liquid separation, drying the solid, and then roasting in a protective atmosphere.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the alcohol solution is specifically an ethanol aqueous solution with the volume fraction of 40% -60%, the mass ratio of the heat-conducting filler to the alcohol solution is 1:1-3, the roasting temperature is 380-420 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-6 h.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (b) fully mixing the waste polyethylene and the heat-conducting filler in a high-speed stirrer at the normal temperature and the rotating speed of 900 plus 1100r/min, inputting the obtained mixed material into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt blending extrusion molding at the temperature of 140 plus 200 ℃.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the post-processing of the formed product in step (b) is as follows: and (3) placing the product in an acid solution, fully stirring, taking out, washing with deionized water, granulating, and finally drying.
10. The method of claim 6 or 9, wherein: the acid solution is at least one of hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, sulfuric acid aqueous solution, nitric acid aqueous solution, acetic acid aqueous solution, maleic acid aqueous solution and oxalic acid aqueous solution, and the concentration of the acid solution is 0.5-1.5 mol/L.
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