CN114316352A - Green preparation method and device of biological foam material - Google Patents
Green preparation method and device of biological foam material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114316352A CN114316352A CN202210005573.8A CN202210005573A CN114316352A CN 114316352 A CN114316352 A CN 114316352A CN 202210005573 A CN202210005573 A CN 202210005573A CN 114316352 A CN114316352 A CN 114316352A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a green preparation method and a device of a biological foam material, which uniformly mixes 0.04-0.08 per mill of biosurfactant BSURF, 0.05-0.1 per mill of alkyl polyglucoside APG and 0.05-0.15 percent of xanthan gum with water to obtain foam liquid, and then introduces ambient air into a foam liquid system through a magnetized self-air-absorption foaming device to efficiently produce foam, thereby preparing the green and environment-friendly biological foam material. The invention can realize the rapid preparation of the dust suppression foam with low use concentration and high foaming times, the preparation process of the foam material is simple and green, the raw materials have no toxicity and can be naturally degraded, the foaming device is simple and convenient, the foaming rate is high, and the prepared foam is uniform and has high stability. The invention can be used in the industrial fields of foam dust fall, foam fire extinguishing, foam flotation, foam oil displacement and the like, and has wide applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method and a device of a biological foam material, belonging to the field of foam technology devices.
Background
The foam is generally a bubble aggregate separated by a liquid film, and is formed by gathering countless small bubbles, wherein a gas phase is separated in the small bubbles, and liquid films formed by a liquid phase are connected with each other. The foaming process is to convert mechanical energy into surface energy of a gas-liquid interface, so that the interface area in a system is increased. The foam is widely applied to the fields of fire prevention and control, dust control, mineral flotation and the like due to the advantages of good ductility, good accumulation property, good adhesion and the like, but most of the traditional foaming materials are chemical foaming reagents, are high in use concentration and limited in foaming capacity, have certain toxic and side effects, have strong corrosivity on personnel and mechanical equipment, and are difficult to degrade under natural conditions, so that the problem of serious environmental pollution is caused. The biological foam material is mainly prepared from a substance synthesized by biotechnology, a foaming liquid is prepared by using the substance, and the foaming liquid is added into a foaming device for pneumatic foaming, so that a large amount of uniform and stable foam can be obtained. The biological foam material and the foaming device have the advantages of excellent foaming performance, low use concentration, environmental protection, simple device operation and the like, and can provide good technical and device support for a foam process used in an industrial production process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the traditional foam material and the foaming device, the invention provides a preparation method and a device of a biological foam material. The biological foam material has excellent surface performance and good wettability, can obviously improve dust suppression efficiency, is green and non-toxic, is easy to degrade, and has environmental friendliness; the foaming device provided by the invention can change the supply mode of the material elements required in the foam preparation, and simultaneously, magnetizers (10, 14, 16) are respectively additionally arranged on the outer walls of the mixing chamber (9), the diffusion pressurizing chamber (13) and the cyclone foaming chamber (15) for grading magnetization in a step magnetization mode, so that the energy consumption can be reduced, the foaming rate and the foaming multiple can be improved, and uniform and stable foam can be obtained.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the main components and the mass fractions of the components in the preparation process of the biological foam material are as follows: 0.05-0.1 per mill of biosurfactant BSURF and alkyl glycoside APG respectively, 0.05-0.15 percent of xanthan gum and the balance of water.
The biosurfactant BSURF is a secondary metabolite synthesized by bacillus strains in a biological fermentation mode under specific conditions, and has the characteristics of no toxicity, no harm, nature and degradability. The method mainly comprises the following operation steps: activating strains, screening high-yield strains, fermenting microorganisms, extracting active substances and the like.
The alkyl glycoside APG is synthesized from glucose and fatty alcohol, has the characteristics of no toxicity, no stimulation and easy biodegradation, has a synergistic effect when being compounded with a biosurfactant BSURF, and can obviously improve the foaming performance of the foaming liquid. The added xanthan gum is an extracellular acidic heteropolysaccharide high-molecular polymer generated by fermentation of xanthomonas, and the xanthan gum is selected as a foam stabilizer, so that the viscosity of the solution and the viscoelasticity of foam can be obviously improved, and the xanthan gum is green, environment-friendly, non-toxic and non-corrosive.
The foaming device adopts the foaming principle that a small-flow pressure water jet is taken as power, ambient air and a foaming agent are automatically sucked by utilizing a jet entrainment effect and a stroke single negative pressure effect of the jet entrainment effect, the supply mode of required substance elements in foam preparation is changed, and meanwhile, magnetizers (10, 14, 16) are additionally arranged on the outer walls of a mixing chamber (9), a diffusion pressurizing chamber (13) and a rotational flow foaming chamber (15) respectively to carry out graded magnetization on foaming liquid in a step magnetization mode. The magnetizer is made of high-permeability silicon steel and is fixed on the outer walls of the mixing chamber (9), the diffusion pressurizing chamber (13) and the rotational flow foaming chamber (15), after the magnetizers (10, 14 and 16) are additionally arranged, hydrogen bonds formed between molecules of foaming liquid and water molecules are also partially destroyed after magnetization, and due to the destruction of the two hydrogen bonds, a cage-shaped structure formed by the surfactant and the water molecules around the surfactant is destroyed, so that the movement of the molecules of the surfactant to a gas-liquid interface and the reduction of the viscosity of the solution are facilitated, and meanwhile, the foaming rate and the expansion multiple of foam of the magnetized solution are increased. As the bubbles carry more active agent molecules away from the liquid film, the surface tension decreases, the bubble shrinkage and drainage rate slows, and its stability is also significantly improved.
The preparation method of the biological foam material comprises the following steps:
firstly, separating engineering strains for synthesizing BSURF from soil, carrying out enrichment culture on the engineering strains by a growth culture medium to obtain bacterial colonies with certain biomass, screening out strains with larger hemolytic loop area and stronger activity according to the hemolytic characteristics of the strains, carrying out expanded culture on the screened strains, then putting the strains into a fermentation culture medium, and synthesizing BSURF by bacillus in a secondary metabolic process by a microbial fermentation technology; and finally, separating according to the property of the substance generating precipitate under acidic condition, extracting and evaporating by using a methanol/ethyl acetate organic solvent, and filtering by adopting an ultrafiltration device with the membrane model of less than 20kD to obtain the purified biosurfactant BSURF.
And then according to the total amount required by the foam liquid, firstly weighing 0.05-0.15% of xanthan gum according to the mass fraction, wherein the xanthan gum has extremely strong hydrophilicity, if the xanthan gum is not sufficiently stirred by directly adding water, the outer layer absorbs water and expands into micelle, and the water can be prevented from entering the inner layer, so that the exertion of the effect is influenced, so that the xanthan gum is slowly added and stirred in the operation process until clear and transparent polymer solution is formed, then respectively weighing 0.05-0.1 thousandth of biosurfactant BSURF and alkyl glycoside APG, adding the biosurfactant BSURF and the alkyl glycoside APG into the xanthan gum solution, supplementing the rest water, fully stirring and uniformly mixing to prepare the foaming solution.
The prepared foaming solution is added into a foaming device, the foaming solution is sucked through a liquid sucking chamber, air is guided to enter a mixing chamber (9), a diffusion pressurizing chamber (13) and a rotational flow foaming chamber (15) for carrying out step magnetization treatment, and a large amount of uniform and stable foam is generated through a cyclone (17). The generated foam can play a good role in the fields of fire fighting, industrial dust prevention and control, mine fire prevention and control, mineral flotation and the like.
Compared with the existing foam material and foaming device, the invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
(1) is green and degradable, and has environmental friendliness. The biological type foam material is mainly prepared from a biosurfactant synthesized by microbial fermentation, the biological fermentation production process chain is green and environment-friendly, the product is discharged into the environment and is easily degraded by microbes, and no pollution is caused in the production and use processes, wherein the added compound raw materials and other additives are selected from substances which are harmless to the nature and easy to degrade, and no pollution is caused to the ecological environment. The microorganism used in the invention is bacillus subtilis which is widely existed in soil, the preparation raw material is one of secondary metabolites thereof, and the bacillus subtilis has the characteristic of natural degradability and is friendly to human body and environment.
(2) High surface activity, high wetting performance, high foaming performance and low consumption. Compared with other surfactants, the biological surfactant used as the raw material for preparing the biological foam material has more excellent surface activity, can obviously reduce the surface tension of a solution under extremely low concentration, has strong wettability and higher foamability, and is compounded with other nontoxic and harmless surfactants to improve the moisture retention and the foaming multiple, so that the usage amount of the raw material is only one percent of the raw material, the effect of high-efficiency dust suppression can be achieved, and the use cost is greatly reduced.
(3) Simple preparation process, convenient use and strong environmental adaptability. The biological foam material has the advantages of easy acquisition of raw materials for preparation, simple preparation operation process, no obvious change of the surface tension of the solution in the temperature range of 5-80 ℃, the pH range of 2-12 or the NaCl concentration range of 0-30 percent, stable surface activity property and stable foaming capacity, and can be prepared by only adding the raw materials into a foaming device.
(4) The foaming device is simple and convenient, the foaming rate is high, and the foam is uniform and high in stability. The foaming device utilizes the turbulent jet flow self-absorption foaming agent as an efficient foaming agent adding method, simplifies a foam preparation process system, and simultaneously, magnetizers are arranged on the outer walls of the mixing chamber (9), the diffusion pressurizing chamber (13) and the rotational flow foaming chamber (15) in a step magnetization mode, so that the uniformity and stability of foam can be enhanced, the foam service life is prolonged, the efficiency is improved, the preparation cost of the foam is obviously reduced, and the economical efficiency of a dust suppression technology is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a foaming device
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a magnetizer
In the figure: 1-pressure gauge 2-pressure water supply pipe 3-suction hole 4-jet nozzle 5-suction chamber 6-imbibition (biosurfactant) pipe 7-governing valve 8-imbibition chamber 9-mixing chamber 10-first magnetizer 11-copper wire 12-iron core 13 made of silicon steel-diffusion pressurizing chamber 14-second magnetizer 15-cyclone foaming chamber 16-third magnetizer 17-cyclone 18-foam outflow chamber.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects and technical solutions of the present invention more clear, embodiments of the present invention are described below. The specific embodiments described herein are not to be considered as merely illustrative of the invention and not restrictive thereof.
Example 1
The biological foam material provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 0.05 per mill of biosurfactant BSURF and alkyl glycoside APG, 0.05 percent of xanthan gum and the balance of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, separating engineering strains for synthesizing BSURF from soil, carrying out enrichment culture on the engineering strains by a growth culture medium to obtain bacterial colonies with certain biomass, screening out strains with larger hemolytic loop area and stronger activity according to the hemolytic characteristics of the strains, carrying out expanded culture on the screened strains, then putting the strains into a fermentation culture medium, and enabling the bacillus to generate BSURF in a secondary metabolic process by a microbial fermentation technology; and finally, separating according to the property of the substance generating precipitate under acidic condition, extracting and evaporating by using a methanol/ethyl acetate organic solvent, and filtering by adopting an ultrafiltration device with the membrane model of less than 20kD to obtain the purified biosurfactant BSURF.
And then according to the total amount required by the foam liquid, firstly weighing 0.05 percent of xanthan gum according to the mass fraction, wherein the xanthan gum has strong hydrophilicity, if water is directly added and the stirring is not sufficient, the outer layer absorbs water and expands into a micelle, the water can be prevented from entering the inner layer, and the exertion of the effect is influenced, so that the raw materials are slowly added and stirred in the operation process until a clear and transparent polymer solution is formed, then respectively weighing 0.05 per thousand of biosurfactant BSURF and alkyl glycoside APG, adding the biosurfactant BSURF and the alkyl glycoside APG into the polymer solution, supplementing the balance of water, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, and preparing the foam solution.
And then adding the prepared foaming solution into a foaming device, sucking the foaming solution through a liquid sucking chamber, guiding air to enter a mixing chamber (9), a diffusion pressurizing chamber (13) and a rotational flow foaming chamber (15) for carrying out step magnetization treatment, and generating a large amount of uniform and stable foams through a cyclone (17).
Example 2
The biological foam material provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: biological surfactant BSURF and alkyl glycoside APG 0.1 ‰, xanthan gum 0.05%, and water in balance.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, separating engineering strains for synthesizing BSURF from soil, carrying out enrichment culture on the engineering strains by a growth culture medium to obtain bacterial colonies with certain biomass, screening out strains with larger hemolytic loop area and stronger activity according to the hemolytic characteristics of the strains, carrying out expanded culture on the screened strains, then putting the strains into a fermentation culture medium, and enabling the bacillus to generate BSURF in a secondary metabolic process by a microbial fermentation technology; and finally, separating according to the property of the substance generating precipitate under acidic condition, extracting and evaporating by using a methanol/ethyl acetate organic solvent, and filtering by adopting an ultrafiltration device with the membrane model of less than 20kD to obtain the purified biosurfactant BSURF.
And then according to the total amount required by the foam liquid, firstly weighing 0.05 percent of xanthan gum according to the mass fraction, wherein the xanthan gum has strong hydrophilicity, if water is directly added and the stirring is not sufficient, the outer layer absorbs water and expands into a micelle, the water can be prevented from entering the inner layer, and the exertion of the effect is influenced, so the xanthan gum is slowly added and stirred in the operation process until a clear and transparent polymer solution is formed, then respectively weighing 0.1 per thousand of biosurfactant BSURF and alkyl glycoside APG, adding the biosurfactant BSURF and the alkyl glycoside APG into the polymer solution, supplementing the balance of water, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, and preparing the foam solution.
And then adding the prepared foaming solution into a foaming device, sucking the foaming solution through a liquid sucking chamber, guiding air to enter a mixing chamber (9), a diffusion pressurizing chamber (13) and a rotational flow foaming chamber (15) for carrying out step magnetization treatment, and generating a large amount of uniform and stable foams through a cyclone (17).
Example 3
The biological foam material provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 0.05 per mill of biosurfactant BSURF and alkyl glycoside APG, 0.15 percent of xanthan gum and the balance of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, separating engineering strains for synthesizing BSURF from soil, carrying out enrichment culture on the engineering strains by a growth culture medium to obtain bacterial colonies with certain biomass, screening out strains with larger hemolytic loop area and stronger activity according to the hemolytic characteristics of the strains, carrying out expanded culture on the screened strains, then putting the strains into a fermentation culture medium, and enabling the bacillus to generate BSURF in a secondary metabolic process by a microbial fermentation technology; and finally, separating according to the property of the substance generating precipitate under acidic condition, extracting and evaporating by using a methanol/ethyl acetate organic solvent, and filtering by adopting an ultrafiltration device with the membrane model of less than 20kD to obtain the purified product, namely the biosurfactant BSURF.
And then according to the total amount required by the foam liquid, firstly weighing 0.15 percent of xanthan gum according to the mass fraction, wherein the xanthan gum has strong hydrophilicity, if water is directly added and the stirring is not sufficient, the outer layer absorbs water and expands into a micelle, the water can be prevented from entering the inner layer, and the exertion of the effect is influenced, so the xanthan gum is slowly added and stirred in the operation process until a clear transparent polymer solution is formed, then respectively weighing 0.05 per thousand of biosurfactant BSURF and alkyl polyglucoside APG, adding the biosurfactant BSURF and the alkyl polyglucoside APG into the polymer solution, supplementing the rest water, fully stirring and mixing to prepare the foaming solution.
Then the prepared foam solution is added into a foaming device, the foaming solution is sucked through a liquid suction chamber, air is guided to enter a mixing chamber (9), a diffusion pressurizing chamber (13) and a rotational flow foaming chamber (15) for carrying out step magnetization treatment, and a large amount of uniform and stable foam is generated through a rotational flow device (17).
Example 4
The biological foam material provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: biological surfactant BSURF and alkyl glycoside APG 0.1 ‰, xanthan gum 0.15%, and water in balance.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, separating engineering strains for synthesizing BSURF from soil, carrying out enrichment culture on the engineering strains by a growth culture medium to obtain bacterial colonies with certain biomass, screening out strains with larger hemolytic loop area and stronger activity according to the hemolytic characteristics of the strains, carrying out expanded culture on the screened strains, then putting the strains into a fermentation culture medium, and enabling the bacillus to generate BSURF in a secondary metabolic process by a microbial fermentation technology; and finally, separating according to the property of the substance generating precipitate under acidic condition, extracting and evaporating by using a methanol/ethyl acetate organic solvent, and filtering by adopting an ultrafiltration device with the membrane model of less than 20kD to obtain the purified product, namely the biosurfactant BSURF.
And then according to the total amount required by the foam liquid, firstly weighing 0.15 percent of xanthan gum according to the mass fraction, wherein the xanthan gum has strong hydrophilicity, if water is directly added and the stirring is not sufficient, the outer layer absorbs water and expands into a micelle, the water can be prevented from entering the inner layer, and the exertion of the effect is influenced, so the xanthan gum is slowly added and stirred in the operation process until a clear transparent polymer solution is formed, then respectively weighing 0.1 per thousand of biosurfactant BSURF and alkyl polyglucoside APG, adding the biosurfactant BSURF and the alkyl polyglucoside APG into the polymer solution, supplementing the rest water, and fully stirring and mixing to prepare the foaming solution.
And then adding the prepared foaming solution into a foaming device, sucking the foaming solution through a liquid sucking chamber, guiding air to enter a mixing chamber (9), a diffusion pressurizing chamber (13) and a rotational flow foaming chamber (15) for carrying out step magnetization treatment, and generating a large amount of uniform and stable foams through a cyclone (17).
Claims (3)
1. A green preparation method and a device of biological foam materials are characterized by comprising the following steps: the foam liquid is composed of a biosurfactant BSURF, alkyl glycoside APG, xanthan gum and water, before use, according to the total amount of the foam liquid, 0.05-0.15% of xanthan gum is weighed according to the mass, added into a certain amount of water and stirred while slowly adding until a clear transparent polymer solution is formed, then 0.05-0.1 thousandth of biosurfactant BSURF and alkyl glycoside APG are respectively weighed, added into the xanthan gum solution, and finally the balance of water is replenished to prepare the foam liquid, and then a foaming device is utilized to prepare the foam material.
2. A foaming device adopting the green preparation method of the biological foam material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the device is composed of a pressure gauge (1), a pressure water supply pipe (2), an air suction hole (3), a jet nozzle (4) and an air suction chamber (5) which are arranged to be inclined, and an iron core (12), a diffusion pressurizing chamber (13), a second-stage magnetizer (14), a rotational flow foaming chamber (15), a third-stage magnetizer (16), a cyclone (17) and a foam outflow chamber (18) which are made of silicon steel, wherein the resistance is reduced, and the liquid suction (foaming agent) pipe (6), a regulating valve (7), an air suction chamber (8), a mixing chamber (9), a first-stage magnetizer (10), a copper wire (11) and silicon steel are arranged.
3. A foaming apparatus in accordance with claim 2, wherein: the foaming device adopts step magnetization, wherein the primary magnetizer (10), the secondary magnetizer (14) and the tertiary magnetizer (16) are made of high-permeability silicon steel and are respectively fixed on the outer walls of the mixing chamber (9), the diffusion pressurizing chamber (13) and the cyclone foaming chamber (15), and the magnetic field intensity is 700Gs, 900Gs and 700Gs respectively.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115738138A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-07 | 应急管理部四川消防研究所 | Smoke-eliminating foam generating and spraying integrated device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115738138A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-07 | 应急管理部四川消防研究所 | Smoke-eliminating foam generating and spraying integrated device |
| CN115738138B (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2024-04-02 | 应急管理部四川消防研究所 | Smoke-eliminating foam generating and spraying integrated device |
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