CN114315288A - Preparation method of 3D printing cement-based material and preparation method of cement-based printing component - Google Patents
Preparation method of 3D printing cement-based material and preparation method of cement-based printing component Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a 3D printing cement-based material and a preparation method of a cement-based printing component, wherein the preparation direction of the printing component comprises the following steps: s1, placing the prepared cement-based material into extrusion equipment of a concrete 3D printer; s2, setting printing parameters according to the shape and the size of the printing component, and printing by using a concrete 3D printer to form an initial concrete component; and S3, standing the initial concrete member for 1-3 days, and performing steam curing to obtain the cement-based printing member. The cement-based material greatly reduces the material mixing ratio cost, the strength of the printing component printed by the cement-based material can meet the grade C40, the numerical value difference of the compressive strength in all directions is within 15%, the printing component has better isotropic performance, the strength of the printing component after steam curing meets the factory standard of a prefabricated component, and the printing component can be directly used for hoisting construction, so that the construction period of the printing component is shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cement-based 3D printing materials, in particular to a preparation method of a 3D printing cement-based material and a preparation method of a cement-based printing component.
Background
The building 3D printing technology is a novel building mode for automatically building a cement-based building material into a designed model structure by applying an electromechanical integration technology, has a plurality of advantages of design freedom, construction rapidity and the like, and has a great application prospect in the building industry, however, the manufacturing process of the cement-based 3D printing component material is stacked layer by layer, so that weak bonding of an interlayer interface is difficult to avoid, the interlayer weak surface becomes a potential orientation defect of the printing component to a certain extent, the structure generates uncoordinated deformation and discontinuous mechanical property, and the structure is easy to break due to stress concentration, so that the whole bearing capacity and the long-term durability of the structure are weakened, and the low strength hinders the wide application of the 3D printing technology in the building industry.
At present, the interlayer bonding strength of a printed member is enhanced or the cost of materials is increased or the extrusion molding capacity is reduced by adopting an external reinforcement mode in the industry, for example, patent document CN 111975926A discloses a 3D printed concrete slow bonding prestress enhancing member and a preparation method thereof, the member comprises a 3D printed concrete layer, a viscous mortar layer, an interlayer reinforced steel wire mesh and slow setting prestress ribs, the 3D printed concrete layer is composed of parallel concrete strips, and the slow setting prestress ribs are arranged in the concrete strips in the longitudinal direction; the concrete strip is made by 3D printing of ultrahigh-performance concrete mortar for 3D printing, the slow-setting prestressed tendon is combined with the 3D printed concrete, and the anti-cracking performance and interlayer strength of the 3D printed concrete are improved by using the slow-setting prestressed tendon on the premise of less increase of weight and thickness, so that the building bearing capacity of the 3D printed concrete is improved. However, no literature reports 3D printing cement-based materials having isotropic compression resistance, economy, and good extrusion molding capability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem of low interlayer bonding strength of a cement-based 3D material, and provides a preparation method of a 3D printing cement-based material and a preparation method of a cement-based printing member.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an isotropic 3D printing cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-70 parts of portland cement, 5-20 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-30 parts of mineral powder, 80-180 parts of quartz sand, 25-50 parts of water, 0.15-0.3 part of water reducing agent, 0.1-0.4 part of reinforcing fiber and 0.01-0.025 part of thickening agent; dividing the cement-based material into A, B, C, D four groups, wherein the group A raw materials comprise 3-5 parts of water, 0.01-0.025 part of thickening agent and 0.1-0.4 part of reinforcing fiber, the group B raw materials comprise 0.15-0.4 part of water reducing agent and 20-47 parts of water, the group C raw materials comprise 45-70 parts of portland cement, 5-20 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-30 parts of mineral powder and 40-100 parts of quartz sand, and the group D raw materials comprise 40-100 parts of quartz sand; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) a group A raw materials: mixing 3-5 parts of water, 0.01-0.025 part of thickening agent and 0.1-0.4 part of reinforcing fiber, and stirring to obtain solution A;
(2) and C, mixing the raw materials: placing 45-70 parts of portland cement, 5-20 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-30 parts of mineral powder and 40-100 parts of quartz sand into a stirrer for stirring for 2-6min, and adding the raw materials in group B: 0.15-0.4 part of water reducing agent and 20-47 parts of water are stirred for 2-6min, then the solution A is added, and the mixture is mixed and stirred uniformly;
(3) and (3) mixing the raw materials in the group D: and (3) adding 40-100 parts of quartz sand into the mixed solution obtained in the step (2), and stirring for 90-180s to obtain the 3D printing cement-based material.
Further, the fly ash is class F first grade, and the mineral powder is S95 mineral powder.
Further, the specification of the quartz sand is 40-80 meshes.
Further, the reinforcing fibers are PVA fibers, basalt fibers and carbon fibers.
Further, the thickener is hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, and the viscosity is 4 ten thousand.
Further, the cement-based material has a water-cement ratio of 0.3-0.4 and a sand-cement ratio of 1.0-1.5, wherein the water-cement ratio refers to the ratio of water to the total amount of portland cement, fly ash, silica fume and mineral powder, and the sand-cement ratio refers to the ratio of quartz sand to the total amount of portland cement, fly ash, silica fume and mineral powder, more preferably, the water-cement ratio is 0.32-0.38 and the sand-cement ratio is 1.3.
Further, the cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of portland cement, 6-10 parts of fly ash, 12-18 parts of silica fume, 18-25 parts of mineral powder, 120-doped 150 parts of quartz sand, 30-40 parts of water, 0.2-0.3 part of water reducing agent, 0.2-0.3 part of reinforcing fiber and 0.012-0.02 part of thickening agent; the group A raw materials comprise 3-4 parts of water, 0.012-0.02 part of thickening agent and 0.2-0.3 part of reinforcing fiber, the group B raw materials comprise 0.2-0.3 part of water reducing agent and 26-37 parts of water, the group C raw materials comprise 50-60 parts of portland cement, 6-10 parts of fly ash, 12-18 parts of silica fume, 18-25 parts of mineral powder and 60-80 parts of quartz sand, and the group D raw materials comprise 60-80 parts of quartz sand.
Furthermore, the cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 56 parts of portland cement, 9 parts of fly ash, 14.5 parts of silica fume, 20.5 parts of mineral powder, 130 parts of quartz sand, 32.2-35.2 parts of water, 0.23 part of water reducing agent, 0.21 part of reinforcing fiber and 0.016 part of thickening agent. The group A raw materials comprise 3.52 parts of water, 0.016 part of thickening agent and 0.21 part of reinforcing fiber, the group B raw materials comprise 0.23 part of water reducing agent and 28.68-31.68 parts of water, the group C raw materials comprise 56 parts of portland cement, 9 parts of fly ash, 14.5 parts of silica fume, 20.5 parts of mineral powder and 65 parts of quartz sand, and the group D raw materials comprise 65 parts of quartz sand.
Further, the stirring time of the solution A is determined according to the final state of the solution A, and the final state of the solution A is gelatinous or has certain viscosity, so that the fibers are fully dispersed.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an isotropic 3D printed cement-based printing member, comprising the steps of:
s1, placing the prepared cement-based material into extrusion equipment of a concrete 3D printer;
s2, setting printing parameters according to the shape and the size of the printing component, and printing concrete by using a concrete 3D printer to form an initial concrete component;
and S3, naturally curing the initial concrete member for 1-3 days, and performing steam curing to obtain the cement-based 3D printing member.
Further, the printing parameters include pumping speed, printing path, slice layer height, extrusion speed, walking trajectory speed, slice direction, filling mode, extrusion tool end, and the like. The setting of the printing parameters is determined according to the shape and size of the printing member.
Further, the pumping speed is related to the caliber size of the end of the extrusion tool, the pipe diameter of the conveying pipeline, the rotating speed of a screw of pumping equipment and the like, and the rotating speed of the screw of the pumping equipment is 20-30 r/min; the walking track speed is 10-14 cm/s; the extrusion tool end is rectangular, and the ratio of the pipe diameter of the conveying pipeline to the length of the short side of the extrusion tool end is 1.8-2.2.
Furthermore, the height of each layer of slicing layer is set to be 2-4mm smaller than the rectangular short edge of the extrusion tool end, and the specific numerical value is determined according to the size of the short edge of the extrusion tool end, the number of stacked layers, the size of the cross section and the like.
Further, the printing path intervals are all 0-2mm smaller than the long side of the extrusion tool end rectangle.
Further, the environment temperature range of the initial concrete member for natural curing is 5-35 ℃, and the environment humidity range is 50-80%. When natural curing is carried out, the curing time changes within 1-3 days along with the temperature and the humidity, namely along with the temperature rise and the humidity reduction, so that the natural curing time is shortened.
Further, the steam curing parameters are as follows: the heating rate is 10 ℃/h, the constant temperature time is 8-10h, the constant temperature is 60-70 ℃ or the heating rate is 15 ℃/h, the constant temperature time is 8h, the constant temperature is 60 ℃ or the heating rate is 20 ℃/h, the constant temperature time is 8h, and the constant temperature is 50 ℃. The interlayer weakness caused by stacking of cement-based materials in the printing composition is improved by setting reasonable steam curing parameters, the interlayer weakness degree is reduced, and the isotropic printing component is obtained.
Further, steam curing is carried out in a steam curing box.
Further, in step S2, the ambient temperature range at the time of printing is 5 to 35 ℃. In the invention, the water consumption of the cement-based material raw material is increased along with the increase of the printing environment temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the cement-based material provided by the invention has good fluidity and slump, meets the requirement of 3d printing, and has higher extrudability and constructability values.
2. The compressive strength of the cement-based printing member prepared by the method can meet the concrete grade C40, the numerical value difference of the compressive strength in all directions is within 15%, the cement-based printing member has good isotropic performance, the strength of the printing member after steam curing meets the factory standard of a prefabricated member, the cement-based printing member can be directly used for hoisting construction, and the construction period of the printing member is shortened.
3. The isotropic cement-based material and the cement-based printing component provided by the invention have high generalizability, and are beneficial to promoting the application of building 3D printing practical engineering.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a process of printing a test piece in example 2;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a printed test piece in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a steam curing process chart of the printed test piece in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing a cement-based printing member according to example 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a printing member in embodiment 3;
FIG. 6 is a drawing of a printing member in example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of an isotropic 3D printing cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-70 parts of portland cement, 5-20 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-30 parts of mineral powder, 80-180 parts of quartz sand, 25-50 parts of water, 0.15-0.3 part of water reducing agent, 0.1-0.4 part of reinforcing fiber and 0.01-0.025 part of thickening agent; dividing the cement-based material into A, B, C, D four groups, wherein the group A raw materials comprise 3-5 parts of water, 0.01-0.025 part of thickening agent and 0.1-0.4 part of reinforcing fiber, the group B raw materials comprise 0.15-0.4 part of water reducing agent and 20-47 parts of water, the group C raw materials comprise 45-70 parts of portland cement, 5-20 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-30 parts of mineral powder and 40-100 parts of quartz sand, and the group D raw materials comprise 40-100 parts of quartz sand; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) a group A raw materials: mixing 3-5 parts of water, 0.01-0.025 part of thickening agent and 0.1-0.4 part of reinforcing fiber, and stirring to obtain solution A;
(2) and C, mixing the raw materials: placing 45-70 parts of portland cement, 5-20 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-30 parts of mineral powder and 40-100 parts of quartz sand into a stirrer for stirring for 2-6min, and adding the raw materials in group B: 0.15-0.4 part of water reducing agent and 20-47 parts of water are stirred for 2-6min, then the solution A is added, and the mixture is mixed and stirred uniformly;
(3) and (3) mixing the raw materials in the group D: and (3) adding 40-100 parts of quartz sand into the mixed solution obtained in the step (2), and stirring for 90-180s to obtain the 3D printing cement-based material.
In the embodiment, the fly ash is class F first grade, the mineral powder is S95 mineral powder, the specification of the quartz sand is 40-80 meshes, the reinforcing fiber is PVA fiber, the thickening agent is hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, and the viscosity is 4 ten thousand.
Fixing the parts of partial raw materials in the printing component according to the requirements of the printing component on the cement-based material and the cement-based material in the preparation process: 130 parts of quartz sand, 35.52 parts of water, 0.23 part of water reducing agent, 0.21 part of reinforcing fiber and 0.016 part of thickening agent, wherein the influence of the change of the raw materials and the components on the performance of the cement-based material is researched according to different mixing ratios of the raw materials in the table 1.
TABLE 13D printing cement-based materials raw mix ratios (wt.%)
Performing performance test on the 3D printing cement-based material with the designed mixing ratio, wherein the fluidity is tested according to a table jumping test in a cement mortar fluidity determination method (GB/T2419-2005); slump test method: filling cement-based materials by three times by using a horn-shaped slump barrel with an upper opening of 70mm, a lower opening of 100mm and a height of 65mm, uniformly impacting 25 cement-based materials from outside to inside along the barrel wall by using a tamping hammer after each filling, tamping and leveling. The barrel is pulled up, the material collapses due to self weight, and the height of the highest point of the concrete after collapse is subtracted from the height (65mm) of the barrel, which is called slump. If the difference is 10mm, the slump is 10 mm. Extrudability test method: the extrudability of the cement-based material is evaluated continuously and stably through the extruding tool end, a printing path with the length of 100mm is designed, the cement-based material is not interrupted and blocked in the extruding process, bleeding and segregation do not occur, and meanwhile, the extruding belt-shaped width is not more than 1.2 times of the extruding caliber, namely the cement-based material is qualified. Taking the ratio of the difference between the width N of the extruded belt and the width of the extrusion nozzle to the width of the extrusion nozzle as a data result, namely:
the constructability test method comprises the following steps: the mixed slurry was stored in a 3D printer and exited the extrusion tool end to form a layered structure. The design length of the structure is 100mm and the total height is 42 mm. Wherein the height of the design layer is 14mm, 3 layers are vertically stacked, and under the action of 3 times of self-weight pressure, the smaller the longitudinal strain is, the better the longitudinal strain is; taking the ratio of the height of 3 times of the extrusion caliber to the total height W of the extruded strip material to the height of 3 times of the extrusion caliber as a data result, namely:
the test results of cement-based materials with different proportions are shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 Performance test results of cement-based materials of different proportions
From the test data in table 2, it can be seen that the flow degree of the cement-based materials with different proportions is between 130mm and 190mm, the slump is between 6 mm and 14mm, the extrudability is between 5% and 20%, and the constructability is between 0% and 12%, which all meet the requirement of 3d printing. Experiments prove that in the cement-based material printing process, under the action of the self weight of the material, the two sides of the cement-based material extruded out through the extrusion tool end slowly expand and deform in a certain range from the bottom of the strip to the top of the strip, so that the compactness of the printing component can be improved from the macroscopic layer, and the adjacent extrusion strips extrude each other to improve the interlayer weakness. Thus, the higher the value of extrudability and constructability within a certain range, the greater the deformability of the printed cement-based material and the bar-to-bar forces, and thus the better the isotropy of the printed cement-based material. Comprehensive comparison shows that the cement-based material prepared in the test 2 is more suitable for isotropic 3D printing of cement-based printing components, the problem of interlayer weakness between extruded strips in cement-based material printing is improved by optimizing the performance of the cement-based material, and the interlayer defect degree is weakened.
Example 2
In this embodiment, based on the cement-based material mixing ratio determined in experiment 2 in example 1, in order to make the cement-based material more suitable for 3d printing, the parts of the raw materials in experiment 2 are finely adjusted, and the mixing ratio of the cement-based material is as follows: 56 parts of portland cement, 9 parts of fly ash, 14.5 parts of silica fume, 20.5 parts of mineral powder, 130 parts of quartz sand, 32.2-35.2 parts of water, 0.23 part of water reducing agent, 0.21 part of reinforcing fiber and 0.016 part of thickening agent, wherein the cement-based material is prepared according to the preparation method of example 1 by adopting the mixing ratio, and performance tests are carried out according to the test method in example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 results of performance testing of example 2 cement-based materials
From the test data in table 3, it can be seen that the sand-to-glue ratio of the raw materials in the cement-based material after fine adjustment is 1.3, the mineral admixture is 40%, the material mixing ratio cost is greatly reduced, and the cement-based material after fine adjustment has greater extrudability and constructability. Therefore, the optimal mix ratio of cement-based materials for isotropic 3D printing of cement-based printing members is: 56 parts of portland cement, 9 parts of fly ash, 14.5 parts of silica fume, 20.5 parts of mineral powder, 130 parts of quartz sand, 32.2-35.2 parts of water, 0.23 part of water reducing agent, 0.21 part of reinforcing fiber and 0.016 part of thickening agent.
Example 3
In order to determine the steam curing parameters, a test piece is printed first, and in this embodiment, the cement-based material is prepared by using the raw materials with the optimal mixing ratio determined in example 2, and the mixing ratio is as follows: 56 parts of portland cement, 9 parts of fly ash, 14.5 parts of silica fume, 20.5 parts of mineral powder, 130 parts of quartz sand, 32.2-35.2 parts of water, 0.23 part of water reducing agent, 0.21 part of reinforcing fiber and 0.016 part of thickening agent. The preparation method of the test piece comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the prepared cement-based material into extrusion equipment of a concrete 3D printer, wherein the shape of an extrusion tool end of the extrusion equipment is rectangular;
s2, setting printing parameters, and printing concrete by using a concrete 3D printer to form an initial concrete member;
and S3, naturally standing the initial concrete member for 8-48h, then cutting the initial concrete member into a plurality of cubic test pieces of 100mm multiplied by 100mm according to the specified direction by a rock cutting machine, and carrying out steam curing.
The size of the end of the extrusion tool is 40mm multiplied by 15mm, the walking speed of the printing nozzle is 12cm/s, the rotating speed of a screw of the pumping equipment is 25r/min, the interval of printing paths is 40mm, and the height of each layer is set to be 13 mm. The initial concrete member had 12 continuous paths to and fro per layer and the number of vertically stacked layers was 10, the initial concrete member printing process of the test piece was as shown in fig. 1, and the final initial concrete member was as shown in fig. 2.
The printing environment temperature range of the printing component in the printing process is 5-35 ℃, tests show that the printing environment temperature has great influence on the performance and the printing quality of the cement-based material, the cement-based material has temperature adaptability, the performance and the printing quality of the cement-based material can be ensured at 5-35 ℃, and the water consumption is linearly increased along with the increase of the printing environment temperature within the range of 32.2-35.2 parts.
Considering the rigor of the test and ensuring the accuracy of the test, the number and the area of the weak surfaces are fixed as much as possible according to the cutting position, the directions are respectively noted on the test piece, and then the test piece is put into a steam curing box of ZKY-400B, and different steam curing parameters are set, as shown in figure 3. Wherein the specific curing parameters are shown in Table 3, and control group CPouringAfter the test piece is poured, the test piece is mixed with the mixture CPrintingAnd (4) after the test piece is printed and poured, performing steam curing, and performing natural curing for 28 days directly. After each group of test pieces with test numbers 1-1 to 1-9 undergoes a steam curing system, respectively performing a uniaxial compression test on the test pieces in the X \ Y \ Z direction, and simultaneously performing the uniaxial compression test after 28 days of natural curing, wherein the test standard is GB/T50081-2002, the compressive property of the printed member is obtained, and the test data are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 compressive property data of test pieces under different steam curing parameters
As can be seen from Table 3, C was prepared using a casting processPouringThe test piece has better isotropy of compression resistance after 28 days of curing, and C without steam curingPrintingThe compression resistance of the test piece in different directions is greatly different, which shows that the isotropy of the compression resistance is very poor. By setting different steam curing parameters, after the steam curing, the compressive strength of the test pieces of the test groups 1-2, 1-3, 1-5 and 1-8 after the natural curing for 28 days meets the requirement of the C40 concrete strength, and for the compressive performance in different directions, if the numerical value difference in each direction is 15%, the compressive strength of the test pieces of the test groups 1-2, 1-3, 1-5 and 1-8 meets the requirement of isotropy, wherein the compressive performance of the test group 1-2 is the best, the maximum difference value in the three directions of the test group 1-5 and 1-8 is smaller,showing obvious isotropy of compression resistance. According to the requirement that the concrete strength of a prefabricated part when the prefabricated part leaves a factory is not lower than 75% of the designed concrete strength grade value except the design requirement in GB/T51231-2016 & lt & gt Assembly concrete construction technical Standard & gt, and by combining the data of the compressive resistance of a test piece after steam curing in Table 3, the strength of the test groups 1-2 and 1-8 meets the factory standard of the prefabricated part, the printed part prepared by the method disclosed by the invention does not need to wait for a curing age of 28 days after steam curing, and can be directly used for hoisting construction, so that the construction period of the printed part is shortened. The compression strength of each test piece in the 28-day curing age period is compared, the phenomenon that the compression strength of the test pieces in the later period of the test groups 1-6, 1-8 and 1-9 after the 28-day curing age period is lower than that before natural curing, the phenomenon of compression strength damage of the cement-based material occurs probably because the temperature rise speed in steam curing parameters is too high, the temperature has large influence on the hydration reaction of the cement-based material, the temperature rise can cause the acceleration of the hydration speed of the surface layer of the test piece, three phases (solid, gas and liquid) in the test piece are not uniformly expanded to different degrees, the hardened cement stone structure can cause large pores in the steam cured cement-based material, ettringite crystals are also easily formed at microcracks, the compression strength damage can be finally caused, and the specific damage degree is different due to the difference degree of the test pieces and different steam curing parameters.
Through the compressive property contrast, in order to guarantee that the test piece has better isotropy, the parameter of steam curing is: the heating speed is 10 ℃/h, the constant temperature time is 8-10h, and the constant temperature is 60-70 ℃; when the construction period progress limit or the requirement on mechanical performance index is low, the steam curing parameters can be selected as follows: the temperature rising speed is 15 ℃/h, the constant temperature time is 8h, the constant temperature is 60 ℃, or the temperature rising speed is 20 ℃/h, the constant temperature time is 8h, and the constant temperature is 50 ℃.
Example 4
The embodiment shows a preparation method of an isotropic 3D printing cement-based printing component, as shown in fig. 4, including the following steps:
s1, placing the prepared cement-based material into extrusion equipment of a concrete 3D printer, wherein the shape of an extrusion tool end of the extrusion equipment is rectangular;
s2, setting printing parameters according to the shape and the size of the printing component, and printing concrete by using a concrete 3D printer to form an initial concrete component;
and S3, placing the initial concrete member at room temperature for 1-3 days, and performing steam curing to obtain the cement-based 3D printing member.
In this embodiment, the cement-based material is prepared from the raw materials with the optimal mixing ratio determined in example 2, and the mixing ratio is as follows: 56 parts of portland cement, 9 parts of fly ash, 14.5 parts of silica fume, 20.5 parts of mineral powder, 130 parts of quartz sand, 32.2-35.2 parts of water, 0.23 part of water reducing agent, 0.21 part of reinforcing fiber and 0.016 part of thickening agent. The size of the end of the extrusion tool is 40mm multiplied by 15mm, the walking speed of the printing nozzle is 12cm/s, the rotating speed of a screw of a pumping device is 25r/min, the interval of printing paths is 40mm, the height of each layer is set to be 13mm, the printing environment temperature range is 35 ℃, printing is carried out according to the model of the figure 5, and after printing is finished, as shown in figure 6, the parameters of steam curing of a printing component are as follows: steam curing is carried out at the constant temperature of 70 ℃ with the temperature rising speed of 10 ℃/h and the constant temperature time of 8 h.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of isotropic 3D printing cement-based materials is characterized in that raw materials of the cement-based materials are divided into A, B, C, D four groups, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) a group A raw materials: mixing 3-5 parts of water, 0.01-0.025 part of thickening agent and 0.1-0.4 part of reinforcing fiber, and stirring to obtain solution A;
(2) and C, mixing the raw materials: placing 45-70 parts of portland cement, 5-20 parts of fly ash, 10-20 parts of silica fume, 10-30 parts of mineral powder and 40-100 parts of quartz sand into a stirrer for stirring for 2-6min, and adding the raw materials in group B: 0.15-0.4 part of water reducing agent and 20-47 parts of water are stirred for 2-6min, then the solution A is added, and the mixture is mixed and stirred uniformly;
(3) and (3) mixing the raw materials in the group D: and (3) adding 40-100 parts of quartz sand into the mixed solution obtained in the step (2), and stirring for 90-180s to obtain the 3D printing cement-based material.
2. The method of preparing an isotropic 3D printing cementitious material as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fly ash is class F first; the mineral powder is S95 mineral powder; the specification of the quartz sand is 40-80 meshes.
3. The method of preparing an isotropic 3D printed cementitious material as claimed in claim 2 wherein the reinforcing fibres are PVA fibres; the thickening agent is hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose.
4. The method for preparing an isotropic 3D printed cementitious material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cement based material has a water to cement ratio of 0.3 to 0.4 and a sand to cement ratio of 1.0 to 1.5.
5. The preparation method of the isotropic 3D printing cement-based material according to claim 1, wherein the cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of portland cement, 6-10 parts of fly ash, 12-18 parts of silica fume, 18-25 parts of mineral powder, 120-containing 150 parts of quartz sand, 30-40 parts of water, 0.2-0.3 part of water reducing agent, 0.2-0.3 part of reinforcing fiber and 0.012-0.02 part of thickening agent.
6. The preparation method of the isotropic 3D printing cement-based material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the cement-based material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 56 parts of portland cement, 9 parts of fly ash, 14.5 parts of silica fume, 20.5 parts of mineral powder, 130 parts of quartz sand, 32.2-35.2 parts of water, 0.23 part of water reducing agent, 0.21 part of reinforcing fiber and 0.016 part of thickening agent.
7. The preparation method of the isotropic 3D printing cement-based printing component is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, placing the cement-based material prepared by the preparation method of the isotropic 3D printing cement-based material according to any one of claims 1-6 into an extrusion device of a concrete 3D printer;
s2, setting printing parameters according to the shape and the size of the printing component, and printing by using a concrete 3D printer to form an initial concrete component;
and S3, standing the initial concrete member for 1-3 days, and performing steam curing to obtain the cement-based printing member.
8. The method of making an isotropic 3D printed cementitious printing structure as claimed in claim 7 wherein the printing parameters include pumping speed, printing path, slice layer height, extrusion speed, walking trajectory speed, slice direction, filling mode, extrusion tool tip shape.
9. The method for producing an isotropic 3D printed cementitious printed structure as claimed in claim 8 where the extrusion tool end of the extrusion device is rectangular in shape, the height of each layer of cut sheet is set to be 2-4mm smaller than the shorter rectangular side of the extrusion tool end, and the print path spacing is 0-2mm smaller than the longer rectangular side of the extrusion tool end.
10. The method for preparing an isotropic 3D printed cementitious printed structure as claimed in claim 7, wherein in step S3, steam curing parameters are: the heating rate is 10 ℃/h, the constant temperature time is 8-10h, the constant temperature is 60-70 ℃ or the heating rate is 15 ℃/h, the constant temperature time is 8h, the constant temperature is 60 ℃ or the heating rate is 20 ℃/h, the constant temperature time is 8h, and the constant temperature is 50 ℃.
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