CN114315273A - Sandstone bone material system concrete and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Sandstone bone material system concrete and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses sandstone bone material system concrete and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the concrete comprises the following preparation raw materials: cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone machine-made sand and sandstone stone chip powder; the grain size of the first grain size sandstone crushed stone is 5 mm-9.5 mm; the grain size of the second grain size sandstone crushed stone is 10 mm-19.5 mm; the grain size of the third grain size sandstone crushed stone is 20 mm-31.5 mm. According to the invention, by preparing the high-strength high-performance concrete of the sandstone aggregate system, the comprehensive utilization of the sandstone aggregate macadam, the machine-made sand and the stone chip powder is realized, the later strength and durability are further improved under the condition of ensuring the working performance of the concrete, and the application of the sandstone aggregate in the field of the high-strength high-performance concrete is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to sandstone bone system concrete and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The rock types in China are rich, the resource distribution is wide, and because the crushed stone and machine-made sand production are mostly suitable according to local conditions, other lithologic sandstone aggregates besides limestone must be adopted for producing the premixed concrete in some areas. Along with the large-scale limitation of mining and river sand exploitation in Guangdong province, the yield of crushed stones and river sand is difficult to meet the use requirement of construction engineering, and the use of materials nearby and cheap and machine-made sand for replacing river sand becomes a necessary way for the development of the premixed concrete industry. The waste rock chips in the quarry are processed into the machine-made sand, and the machine-made sand is further used for replacing river sand for preparing concrete and mortar, so that the problems of building sand shortage and waste rock chip environmental pollution can be solved, the resource utilization rate is improved, the social comprehensive benefits are obvious, and the popularization significance is great.
And along with the kind of mechanism sand and rubble is abundanter, the grit aggregate kind that the concrete mixing plant used is more difficult to control, and raw and other materials often use the low price as first, lead to the grit kind to change frequently, and concrete quality is undulant great, and the additive cost is high or low, brings very big challenge for the technical staff, also brings very big hidden danger for the engineering quality simultaneously. And under the condition of various sand stones, once the quality of the concrete fluctuates, the problem is difficult to quickly judge, and the difficulty of process control is increased.
Compared with limestone macadam and granite macadam, the sandstone macadam has the advantages of low elastic modulus, high porosity and high water absorption rate, has great influence on the working performance when being used for preparing premixed concrete, and is not suitable for high-strength concrete. Therefore, the sandstone can not be widely applied to the ready-mixed concrete industry all the time, great inconvenience is caused to the engineering industry of partial sandstone areas, the economic cost is increased, and the problem that how to fully utilize the sandstone in the concrete production process is urgently needed to be solved by a mixing plant.
The existing results show that the compressive strength of the natural rock is ranked as granite, basalt, limestone, marble and sandstone; the rock elastic modulus is ranked as limestone > basalt > marble ≈ granite > sandstone, the elastic modulus of the limestone and basalt is high, and the elastic modulus of the sandstone and granite is low.
The apparent density and the saturated dry density are ordered from basalt to marble to limestone to sandstone to granite. The granite density is minimum, and the basalt density is maximum; the water absorption rates of the coarse aggregates are ordered sandstone > granite > limestone > marble > basalt. The larger the apparent density and the lower the water absorption, the smaller the influence on the working performance and compressive strength of concrete.
In the related technology, the sandstone machine-made sand is adopted to prepare the concrete with different strength grades of C20-C35, sand grains in the sandstone machine-made sand concrete are combined with cement slurry very tightly, meanwhile, the porosity in the concrete is reduced, the pore diameter is refined, the average pore diameter is reduced, the microstructure of the concrete is more compact, and the machine-made sand concrete has higher strength and chloride ion permeation resistance. Partial research results aiming at the application of sandstone powder in concrete show that the influence of various lithologic powder on the working performance and the compressive strength of the concrete is not greatly different.
In the related technology, sandstone broken stones (the void ratio is less than or equal to 42 percent, the total content of needle-shaped particles is less than or equal to 5 percent, and the mud content is less than 1.0 percent) are adopted, the super-superposition effect among the components of firing fine fly ash, grinding and granulating blast furnace slag powder and the like is utilized, and the shrinkage reduction and performance complementation effects of an internal curing agent and a shrinkage reduction type polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent are utilized, so that the aim of reducing the creep of sandstone broken stone concrete is fulfilled, and the application of the sandstone broken stones in the low-creep concrete of bridge engineering is realized.
In the related technology, the ratio of the particle sizes of the flux limestone macadam, the coarse grain recycled aggregate and the sandstone macadam is 16-19: 26.5-31.5: 19-26.5, and the roller compacted concrete prepared from the flux limestone macadam has high later strength and low shrinkage rate.
However, in the above related technologies, only one of sandstone macadam, machine-made sand and stone powder is tried to be applied to concrete, and no research is conducted on sandstone bone mass system concrete, so that the wide application of sandstone aggregate in high-strength concrete is still limited.
In view of the above, it is necessary to develop a sandstone bone material system concrete which uses sandstone and has high strength.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides sandstone bone material system concrete which utilizes sandstone and has high strength.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the concrete.
The invention also provides application of the concrete in preparing a cement prefabricated member.
The method comprises the following specific steps: the invention provides sandstone bone material system concrete in a first aspect, which comprises the following preparation raw materials:
cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone machine-made sand and sandstone stone chip powder (influence on electric flux, namely different particle size ranges of various raw materials can be fully filled in concrete, the internal porosity of the concrete is reduced, a channel for chloride ion migration is reduced, the compactness of the concrete is improved, and the throughput of chloride ions is reduced);
the grain size of the first grain size sandstone crushed stone is 5 mm-9.5 mm;
the grain size of the second grain size sandstone crushed stone is 10 mm-19.5 mm;
the grain size of the third grain size sandstone crushed stone is 20 mm-31.5 mm.
According to one technical scheme of the concrete technical scheme, the concrete has the following beneficial effects:
the aggregate such as the crushed stone, the machine-made sand, the stone chip powder and the like prepared by the sandstone is comprehensively utilized in the concrete, so that the uniformity of the lithology of the aggregate in the concrete is realized, and the adverse effect on the working performance stability of the concrete caused by the mixed use of the aggregates such as the crushed stone, the machine-made sand, the stone chip and the like with different lithologies is avoided, thereby improving the quality of the concrete and saving the additive cost and the labor cost increased by the condition fluctuation of the concrete in the production process.
The prepared raw material particles have different particle size ranges, can be fully filled in the concrete, reduce the internal porosity of the concrete, reduce the migration passage of chloride ions, improve the compactness of the concrete and reduce the throughput of the chloride ions.
According to the invention, the sandstone aggregate system is constructed by the first particle size sandstone crushed stone, the second particle size sandstone crushed stone and the third particle size sandstone crushed stone, so that the comprehensive utilization of sandstone is realized, the utilization rate of sandstone aggregate in the field of concrete is improved, and the sandstone aggregate is widely applied, the price of the sandstone aggregate on the market is lower than that of granite and limestone aggregate by 10-30 yuan per ton, and the sandstone aggregate is convenient to obtain according to local conditions, so that the purchase cost and the transportation cost are greatly saved.
According to the invention, the broken stones, the machine-made sand and the stone chip aggregate prepared from the sandstone are reasonably matched and used, so that the on-site working performance of the concrete is ensured, the construction requirement is met, and meanwhile, the part of the particles with the particle size of less than 0.075mm in the sandstone machine-made sand and the stone chip powder can play a role in improving the fluidity of the concrete to a certain extent, so that the filling effect is further played, the internal structure of the concrete is more compact, and the early strength of the concrete is improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sandstone bone system concrete further comprises the following preparation raw materials: water and an admixture.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sandstone bone system concrete comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight:
240-270 parts of cement, 70-90 parts of fly ash, 50-80 parts of mineral powder, 200-300 parts of first-particle-size sandstone macadam, 600-700 parts of second-particle-size sandstone macadam, 100-200 parts of third-particle-size sandstone macadam, 500-700 parts of sandstone mechanism sand, 200-300 parts of sandstone chip powder, 140-160 parts of water and 8-12 parts of additive.
According to the proportion of the components, the compactness of the sandstone bone material system concrete can be maximized on the basis of ensuring good working performance, the strength is improved, and the electric flux is reduced.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the cement is a low heat portland cement.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the low heat portland cement has a strength grade P · LH 42.5.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the low heat portland cement has a 28d compressive strength above 48 MPa.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the low heat portland cement has a 28d compressive strength of 49.1 MPa.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the low heat portland cement has a 56d compressive strength above 60 MPa.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the low heat portland cement has a 56d compressive strength of 60.4 MPa.
The indexes of the low-heat silicate cement are controlled within the required range, and the characteristics of high durability, low shrinkage rate, high later strength and the like of the low-heat silicate cement can be effectively guaranteed.
The low-heat silicate cement is combined to use, has the characteristics of high strength, high durability, low shrinkage rate and good volume stability, makes up for short slabs with high water absorption rate and insufficient strength of common sandstone concrete, can greatly improve the later strength of the concrete, has strong chloride ion resistance and good durability, and meets the requirements of high-strength and high-performance concrete.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sandstone machined sand has a particle size of 0.075mm to 5 mm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sandstone stone chip powder has a particle size of 0.045mm to 5 mm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sandstone engineered sand has a fineness modulus of 2.3 to 3.0.
If the fineness modulus of sandstone machine-made sand is too large, the coarse grains are too much, the grains with the grain diameter less than 300 mu m are too few, the grading is unreasonable, and the working performance of concrete is deteriorated. If the fineness modulus is too small, the diameter of the machine-made sand is smaller, the particle size distribution is uneven, the water consumption of concrete is increased, the strength is reduced, and the shrinkage is increased.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sandstone engineered sand has a content of particles below 0.075mm below 3%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sandstone engineered sand has a content of particles below 0.075mm of 3%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sandstone engineered sand has an MB value of 0.4 to 0.6.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sandstone engineered sand has an MB value of 0.5.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the stone dust has a fineness modulus of 3.0 to 3.5.
The stone dust powder mainly comprises fine stone powder and part of broken stone leftover materials with coarse particles, the particles in the middle are small, the fineness is low, the modulus is controlled to be 3.0-3.5, the content of the large particles in the stone dust powder can be ensured not to be too much, otherwise, the working performance of concrete is influenced, and meanwhile, the working performance of the concrete is also influenced by too many small particles.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the stone dust has a fineness modulus of 3.2.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the stone dust has an MB value of 1.2.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the content of particles below 0.075mm in the stone dust is 8-10%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the content of particles below 0.075mm in the stone dust is 9%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ore fines are graded as S95.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the specific surface area of the ore dust is 400kg/m or more2。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ore dust has a density of 2.8g/m3The above.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ore dust has a density of 2.85g/m3。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the 28d activity of the ore fines is above 95%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the 28d activity of the ore fines is 98%.
The above parameters are to ensure that the quality of the mineral powder meets the S95 grade requirement of the national standard and ensure that the working performance and the strength of the concrete reach the expected target.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fly ash is class F II fly ash.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fly ash has a fineness of above 15%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fly ash has a fineness of 15%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fly ash has a water demand ratio above 95%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fly ash has a water demand ratio of 97%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fly ash has a 28d activity of greater than 75%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fly ash has a 28d activity of 77%.
The above parameters are to ensure that the quality of the fly ash reaches the F class II requirement of the national standard and ensure that the working performance and the strength of the concrete reach the expected target.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the water reduction rate of the admixture is greater than or equal to 25%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the water reduction rate of the admixture is 26%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the additive has a solids content of 10% or more.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the admixture has a solids content of 14.1%.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the concrete, comprising the following steps:
s1, mixing the cement, the fly ash, the mineral powder, the first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, the second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, the third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, the sandstone mechanism sand and the sandstone stone chip powder to prepare mixed powder;
s2, adding the water and the water reducing agent into the mixed powder prepared in the step S1.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the mixing time in step S1 is 2min to 5 min.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method of preparing comprises the steps of:
s1, firstly weighing low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone mechanism sand, sandstone stone chip powder, tap water and a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to parts by weight;
s2, pouring the weighed low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone machine-made sand and sandstone stone chip powder into a stirring pot, and stirring for 2min to uniformly mix the materials;
s3, uniformly adding the weighed tap water and the high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer into a stirrer in the stirring process, continuously stirring for 2min, and uniformly stirring to obtain the sandstone bone-material system concrete.
In a third aspect, the invention provides the use of the above concrete for the manufacture of a cementitious preform.
According to one of the application technical schemes of the invention, the method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, by preparing the high-strength high-performance concrete of the sandstone aggregate system, the comprehensive utilization of the sandstone aggregate macadam, the machine-made sand and the stone chip powder is realized, the later strength and durability are further improved under the condition of ensuring the working performance of the concrete, and the application of the sandstone aggregate in the field of the high-strength high-performance concrete is expanded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the manner of stacking aggregate in concrete in an embodiment of the present invention (comparative example 1).
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of close packing of aggregates in concrete according to an embodiment of the present invention (examples 1 to 3).
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preparation method of the sandstone aggregate in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, taking sandstone stones with parent rock strength and crushing values meeting the national standard requirements, and crushing and screening the sandstone stones by adopting a hydraulic cone crusher to prepare crushed stones with the particle sizes of 5-9.5 mm, 10-19.5 mm and 20-31.5 mm respectively;
s2, further crushing and screening partial sandstone crushed stones to obtain sandstone machine-made sand with the particle size of 0.075-5 mm, wherein the machine-made sand has good gradation, the fineness modulus is 2.9, the content of particles below 0.075mm is 3%, and the MB value is 0.5;
and S3, finally, collecting sandstone crushed stones, and further crushing and cleaning leftover materials generated in the crushing process of machine-made sand to obtain stone dust with the particle size range of 0.045-5 mm, wherein the fineness modulus of the stone dust is 3.2, the MB value is 1.2, and the content of particles below 0.075mm in the stone dust is 9%.
The low-heat silicate cement adopts P.LH 42.5 low-heat silicate cement, the 28d compressive strength is 49.1MPa, and the 56d compressive strength is 60.4 MPa; the low heat portland cement has low heat release speed and long hydration period, so that it has high post strength.
The fly ash is F II class fly ash, the fineness is 15%, the water demand ratio is 97%, and the 28d activity is 77%.
The mineral powder is S95 grade mineral powder, and the specific surface area is 430kg/m2Density 2.85g/m328d Activity 98%.
The water reducing agent is a ZJ-VI type high-performance polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent produced by New Material science and technology Limited company for construction in the West and middle buildings, the solid content is 14.1 percent, and the water reducing rate is 26 percent; the water is tap water.
For concrete mixtures, the particle sizes of 3 raw materials, namely coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cementing material (cement, fly ash and mineral powder), are reduced in sequence, and the particle size of the cementing material is far smaller than those of the former two raw materials.
The coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate are likely to be precipitated in water to cause delamination because of their large particle sizes. The particle size of the cementing material is small, and the cementing material can generate fine hydration products after being contacted with water, so that the sedimentation velocity of the cementing material in the water is lowest. After the 3 raw materials are mixed with water, the formed cementing material slurry can play a role in hindering the sedimentation of coarse and fine aggregates, and further the stability of the system is improved. If the consumption of the cementing material in the system is insufficient or the water consumption is too high, the viscosity of the cement paste is low and is insufficient to prevent the sedimentation of coarse and fine aggregates, and the stability of the system is poor. Similarly, when the aggregate grading is unreasonable, the gaps among the aggregates are inevitably filled with the cementing materials or the mixing water, when the dosage of the cementing materials is higher, the method is not economical, the viscosity of the system is easily increased, and if the mixing water quantity is increased, the bleeding tendency of the system is increased, the working performance of the concrete is seriously affected, and meanwhile, the strength of the concrete is reduced.
Aggregate: the concrete and mortar are granular materials with the functions of framework and filling. There are two kinds of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. The diameter of fine aggregate particles is between 0.16mm and 5mm, natural sand such as river sand, sea sand, valley sand and the like is generally adopted, and when the natural sand is lacked, artificial machine-made sand ground by hard rocks can be used; the coarse aggregate has a particle diameter of more than 5mm, and is commonly used with crushed stones and pebbles.
Stone chips: refers to the granular material with the grain diameter of 0 mm-5 mm obtained by rolling and sieving the crushed stone.
The surface is rougher than sand, has sharp edges and corners, and contains more stone powder with the grain diameter less than 0.16 mm. The main difference between the stone chips and the machine-made sand is that the content of the powdery particles and the content of the needle-shaped particles are relatively large, which is not beneficial to the working performance of concrete.
Sandstone: the sedimentary rock is mainly formed by cementing various sand grains, the grain diameter is 0.05 mm-2 mm, the sand grain content is more than 50%, the structure is stable, the sedimentary rock is generally light brown or red, and the sedimentary rock mainly contains silicon, calcium, clay and ferric oxide. Most sandstones are composed of quartz or feldspar.
Slump: the method is a method and an index for measuring the workability of concrete, and usually slump tests are carried out in construction sites and laboratories to measure the fluidity of the mixture, and visual experience is used for evaluating the cohesiveness and the water-retaining property. The slump is measured by a quantitative index, and is used for judging whether the construction can be normally carried out.
The expansion degree is as follows: and (4) evaluating the index of the working performance of the large-fluidity concrete mixture.
The working performance is as follows: also called workability is the most important property of the blend. Mainly comprises three aspects of fluidity, cohesiveness and water retention.
High-strength high-performance concrete: according to technical Specification for high-strength concrete construction (CECS 104: 99), concrete with strength grade of C50 or more is called high-strength concrete; the concrete which has good construction workability and excellent durability and is uniform and dense is called high-performance concrete; the concrete having the above properties is called high-strength high-performance concrete.
The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The following specifically describes examples of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to sandstone bone system concrete and a preparation method thereof.
The concrete of the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials:
the low-heat portland cement-fly ash-containing sandstone powder comprises low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone (5-9.5 mm), second-particle-size sandstone broken stone (10-19.5 mm), third-particle-size sandstone broken stone (20-31.5 mm), sandstone machine-made sand, sandstone stone chip powder, tap water and a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer, wherein the weight ratio of the components is 240: 70: 60: 200: 700: 100: 600: 300: 150: 8.
the preparation method of the concrete in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly weighing low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone mechanism sand, sandstone stone chip powder, tap water and a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to parts by weight;
s2, pouring the weighed low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone machine-made sand and sandstone stone chip powder into a stirring pot, and stirring for 2min to uniformly mix the materials;
s3, uniformly adding the weighed tap water and the high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer into a stirrer in the stirring process, continuously stirring for 2min, and uniformly stirring to obtain the sandstone bone-material system concrete.
After the concrete is taken out of the machine, performing a concrete working performance test, and detecting to obtain the slump constant of 220mm and the slump expansion of 540mm by the test method according to GB-T50080-2002 Standard of Performance test methods of common concrete mixtures; the method comprises the steps of filling a mold, vibrating and molding by adopting a concrete vibrating table, placing the mold in an environment with the temperature of 20 +/-5 ℃, detaching the mold after 24 hours of coagulation and hardening, immediately placing the mold in a standard curing room with the humidity of more than 95 percent and the temperature of 20 +/-1 ℃ for curing, testing the pressure after the age of 28 days, testing the compression strength of the concrete to be 51.6MPa, testing the pressure after the age of 56 days to be 56.5MPa, testing the pressure after the age of 90 days to be 874C, testing the pressure to be 64.0MPa and 755C.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to sandstone bone system concrete and a preparation method thereof.
The concrete of the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials:
the low-heat portland cement mortar comprises low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stones (5-9.5 mm), second-particle-size sandstone broken stones (10-19.5 mm), third-particle-size sandstone broken stones (20-31.5 mm), sandstone machine-made sand, sandstone stone chip powder, tap water and a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer, wherein the weight ratio of the components is 250: 70: 60: 200: 700: 100: 600: 300: 150: 8.2.
the preparation method of the concrete in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly weighing low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone mechanism sand, sandstone stone chip powder, tap water and a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to parts by weight;
s2, pouring the weighed low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone machine-made sand and sandstone stone chip powder into a stirring pot, and stirring for 2min to uniformly mix the materials;
s3, uniformly adding the weighed tap water and the high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer into a stirrer in the stirring process, continuously stirring for 2min, and uniformly stirring to obtain the sandstone bone-material system concrete.
After the concrete is taken out of the machine, performing a concrete working performance test, and detecting to obtain slump of-220 mm and an expansion of 560 mm; the method comprises the steps of filling a mold, vibrating and molding by adopting a concrete vibrating table, placing the mold in an environment of 20 +/-5 ℃, removing the mold after 24 hours of setting and hardening, immediately placing the mold in a standard curing room for curing at the temperature of 20 +/-1 ℃ with the humidity being more than 95%, testing the pressure after 28 days of age, testing the pressure after 56 days of age with the compressive strength of 53.7MPa, the electric flux of chlorine 933C, testing the pressure after 60 days of age with the compressive strength of 60.0MPa, the electric flux of chlorine 721C and 90 days of age with the compressive strength of 67.9MPa and the electric flux of chlorine 658C.
Example 3
The embodiment relates to sandstone bone system concrete and a preparation method thereof.
The concrete of the embodiment is prepared from the following raw materials:
the low-heat portland cement-fly ash-containing sandstone powder comprises, by weight, low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stones (5-9.5 mm), second-particle-size sandstone broken stones (10-19.5 mm), third-particle-size sandstone broken stones (20-31.5 mm), sandstone machine-made sand, sandstone chip powder, tap water and a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer, wherein the weight ratio of the components is 270: 70: 60: 200: 700: 100: 600: 300: 150: 8.6.
the preparation method of the concrete in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly weighing low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone mechanism sand, sandstone stone chip powder, tap water and a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to parts by weight;
s2, pouring the weighed low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone machine-made sand and sandstone stone chip powder into a stirring pot, and stirring for 2min to uniformly mix the materials;
s3, uniformly adding the weighed tap water and the high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer into a stirrer in the stirring process, continuously stirring for 2min, and uniformly stirring to obtain the sandstone bone-material system concrete.
After the concrete is taken out of the machine, performing a concrete working performance test, and detecting to obtain the slump of 230mm and the expansion of 610 mm; the method comprises the steps of filling a mold, vibrating and molding by a concrete vibrating table, placing the mold in an environment of 20 +/-5 ℃, removing the mold after 24 hours of setting and hardening, immediately placing the mold in a standard curing room for curing at the temperature of 20 +/-1 ℃ with the humidity being more than 95%, testing the pressure after 28 days of age, testing the pressure after 56 days of age with the compressive strength of the detected concrete being 55.2MPa, testing the pressure after 56 days of age with the electric flux of chlorine being 840C, testing the pressure after 65.0MPa, testing the electric flux of chlorine being 656C, testing the pressure after 90 days of age with the compressive strength of the detected concrete being 71.2MPa and the electric flux of chlorine being 533C.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is a method for preparing concrete, comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing sandstone aggregate:
taking sandstone stones with parent rock strength and crushing values meeting the national standard requirements, and adopting a hydraulic cone crusher to crush and screen the sandstone stones to prepare crushed stones with the particle size of 5-25 mm; meanwhile, part of sandstone crushed stones are further crushed and screened to obtain sandstone machine-made sand with the particle size of 0.075-5 mm, the machine-made sand has good gradation, the fineness modulus is 2.9, the content of particles below 0.075mm is 3%, and the MB value is 0.5.
S2, preparing sandstone bone material system concrete:
the low-heat silicate cement adopts P.LH 42.5 low-heat silicate cement, the 28d compressive strength is 49.1MPa, and the 56d compressive strength is 60.4 MPa; the fly ash is F II class fly ash, the fineness is 15 percent, the water demand ratio is 97 percent, and the 28d activity is 77 percent; the mineral powder is S95 grade mineral powder, and the specific surface area is 430kg/m2Density 2.85g/m328d Activity 98%; the water reducing agent is a high-performance polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, the solid content is 14.1 percent, and the water reducing rate is 26 percent; the water is tap water.
Taking low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, sandstone macadam, sandstone machine-made sand, tap water and a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer, wherein the weight ratio of the components is 240: 70: 60: 1000: 900: 150: 8;
pouring low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, sandstone macadam, sandstone machine-made sand and sandstone stone chip powder into a stirring pot, and stirring for 2min to uniformly mix the materials;
and uniformly adding the weighed tap water and the high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer into a stirrer in the stirring process, continuously stirring for 2min, and uniformly stirring to obtain the sandstone bone material system concrete.
After the concrete is taken out of the machine, performing a concrete working performance test, and detecting to obtain slump of 160mm and expansion of 410 mm; the method comprises the steps of filling a mold, vibrating and molding by adopting a concrete vibrating table, placing the mold in an environment of 20 +/-5 ℃, removing the mold after 24 hours of setting and hardening, immediately placing the mold in a standard curing room for curing at the temperature of 20 +/-1 ℃ with the humidity of more than 95 percent, testing the pressure after 28 days of age, testing the compression strength of the detected concrete at 43.0MPa and the electric flux of chloride at 1711 ℃, testing the pressure after 56 days of age, testing the compression strength of the detected concrete at 48.2MPa and the electric flux of chloride at 1345C, and testing the pressure after 90 days of age, wherein the compression strength of the detected concrete at 50.7MPa and the electric flux of chloride at 1109C.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is a concrete and a method of making the same.
The concrete of this comparative example consisted of the raw materials prepared:
the low-heat portland cement-fly ash-containing sandstone powder comprises low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone (5-9.5 mm), second-particle-size sandstone broken stone (10-19.5 mm), third-particle-size sandstone broken stone (20-31.5 mm), sandstone machine-made sand, sandstone stone chip powder, tap water and a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer, wherein the weight ratio of the components is 240: 70: 60: 100: 500: 300: 550: 450: 150: 8.
the preparation method of the concrete in the comparative example comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly weighing low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone mechanism sand, sandstone stone chip powder, tap water and a high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer according to parts by weight;
s2, pouring the weighed low-heat portland cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone machine-made sand and sandstone stone chip powder into a stirring pot, and stirring for 2min to uniformly mix the materials;
s3, uniformly adding the weighed tap water and the high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer into a stirrer in the stirring process, continuously stirring for 2min, and uniformly stirring to obtain the sandstone bone-material system concrete.
After the concrete is taken out of the machine, performing a concrete working performance test, and detecting to obtain 150mm slump and 390mm expansion; the method comprises the steps of filling a mold, vibrating and molding by adopting a concrete vibrating table, placing the mold in an environment with the temperature of 20 +/-5 ℃, removing the mold after 24 hours of coagulation and hardening, immediately placing the mold in a standard curing room with the humidity of more than 95 percent and the temperature of 20 +/-1 ℃ for curing, testing the pressure after the age of 28 days, testing the compression strength of the detected concrete to be 45.2MPa, testing the pressure after the age of 56 days to be 1573C, testing the pressure after the age of 56 days to be 50.9MPa, testing the pressure after the age of 90 days to be 1168C, testing the compression strength of the detected concrete to be 53.3MPa and the electric flux of chloride to be 1041C.
Comparative example 3
The concrete is characterized in that the sandstone machine-made sand is coarse sand, the fineness modulus is 3.3, and sandstone stone dust powder is not used.
The preparation procedure was the same as in example 1.
After the concrete is taken out of the machine, a concrete working performance test is carried out, and the slump of 160mm and the expansion of 460mm are detected, so that the concrete has slight bleeding and poor working performance; the method comprises the steps of filling a mold, vibrating and molding by a concrete vibrating table, placing the mold in an environment of 20 +/-5 ℃, detaching the mold after 24 hours of coagulation and hardening, immediately placing the mold in a standard curing room with the humidity of more than 95 percent and the temperature of 20 +/-1 ℃ for curing, testing the pressure after the age of 28 days, testing the compression strength of the concrete to be 42.0MPa, testing the chlorine ion electric flux to be 1430C, testing the pressure after the age of 56 days, testing the compression strength of the concrete to be 48.4MPa, testing the chlorine ion electric flux to be 1275C, testing the pressure after the age of 90 days, testing the compression strength of the concrete to be 50.2.0MPa and testing the chlorine ion electric flux to be 1090C.
The machine-made sand is prepared by mechanical crushing, the particle shape of the machine-made sand is mostly triangular or rectangular (a plurality of flaky particles are more), the surface is rough, and the particles have sharp edges and corners, which are beneficial to the bonding of aggregates and cement, but are unfavorable to the working performance of concrete, and can cause serious bleeding phenomenon particularly for the concrete with lower strength grade. The existence of a proper amount of stone powder can make up the defect to a certain extent and improve the early strength of the concrete to a certain extent.
In comparative example 3, the machine-made sand has too large fineness modulus, too many coarse particles, too few particles with the particle size less than 300 μm, unreasonable gradation, poor working performance of concrete, and reduced strength and durability. The machine-made sand in the embodiment 1 has moderate fineness modulus and good particle size distribution, and the stone powder in the stone dust powder better fills the gap between the cementing material and the machine-made sand in the particle size range, so that the concrete has good working performance, compressive strength and durability.
Concrete is heterogeneous, multi-component, homogeneous macroscopically and heterogeneous microscopically. According to the Wuzhongwei's centriole hypothesis, concrete is composed of aggregate, set cement, voids, and interfacial transition zones between aggregate and set cement. The performance of concrete and the compactness thereof have great relation, good gradation is needed to be prepared among the compact concrete aggregates, the void content is minimum, namely, the maximum stacking density is obtained after the aggregate particle concrete, namely, the closest stacking of the aggregates is achieved; as shown in fig. 1 (comparative example 1) and fig. 2 (examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 2), the stacked aggregate shown in fig. 1 has large gaps, and under the same volume condition, the internal porosity of the concrete is high, the aggregate particle grading is poor, the concrete is easy to bleed, the working performance is poor, the later strength is low, and the electric flux is large; the aggregate thickness collocation of the stacking state shown in figure 2, the small particles fill the gaps between the large particles, the internal porosity of the concrete can be greatly reduced, the internal gaps are less, the compactness can be improved, the strength of the concrete is improved, the electric flux of chloride ions is reduced, and meanwhile, the good working performance of the concrete can be guaranteed by the continuous graded aggregate. And calculating a reasonable mass matching proportion according to the particle shape of the aggregate, so that the aggregate reaches the maximum bulk density after being mixed.
By preparing the high-strength high-performance concrete of the sandstone aggregate system, the comprehensive utilization of the sandstone aggregate macadam, the machine-made sand and the stone chip powder is realized, the later strength and durability are further improved under the condition of ensuring the working performance of the concrete, and the application of the sandstone aggregate in the field of the high-strength high-performance concrete is expanded.
In conclusion, aggregate such as crushed stone, machine-made sand, stone chip powder and the like prepared by sandstone is comprehensively utilized in concrete, so that the uniformity of the lithology of the aggregate in the concrete is realized, and adverse effects on the working performance stability of the concrete caused by the mixed use of the aggregates such as the crushed stone, the machine-made sand, the stone chip and the like with different lithologies are avoided, thereby improving the quality of the concrete and saving the additive cost and labor cost increased by the fluctuation of the concrete state in the production process. According to the invention, the sandstone aggregate system is constructed by the first particle size sandstone crushed stone, the second particle size sandstone crushed stone and the third particle size sandstone crushed stone, so that the comprehensive utilization of sandstone is realized, the utilization rate of sandstone aggregate in the field of concrete is improved, and the sandstone aggregate is widely applied, the price of the sandstone aggregate on the market is lower than that of granite and limestone aggregate by 10-30 yuan per ton, and the sandstone aggregate is convenient to obtain according to local conditions, so that the purchase cost and the transportation cost are greatly saved. According to the invention, the broken stones, the machine-made sand and the stone chip aggregate prepared from the sandstone are reasonably matched and used, so that the on-site working performance of the concrete is ensured, the construction requirement is met, and meanwhile, the part of the particles with the particle size of less than 0.075mm in the sandstone machine-made sand and the stone chip powder can play a role in improving the fluidity of the concrete to a certain extent, so that the filling effect is further played, the internal structure of the concrete is more compact, and the early strength of the concrete is improved.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the description and the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A sandstone bone material system concrete, characterized in that: the method comprises the following preparation raw materials:
cement, fly ash, mineral powder, first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, sandstone machine-made sand and sandstone stone chip powder;
the grain size of the first grain size sandstone crushed stone is 5 mm-9.5 mm;
the grain size of the second grain size sandstone crushed stone is 10 mm-19.5 mm;
the grain size of the third grain size sandstone crushed stone is 20 mm-31.5 mm.
2. The sandstone bone system concrete of claim 1, wherein: also comprises the following preparation raw materials: water and an admixture; preferably, the concrete comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by weight:
240-270 parts of cement, 70-90 parts of fly ash, 50-80 parts of mineral powder, 200-300 parts of first-particle-size sandstone macadam, 600-700 parts of second-particle-size sandstone macadam, 100-200 parts of third-particle-size sandstone macadam, 500-700 parts of sandstone mechanism sand, 200-300 parts of sandstone chip powder, 140-160 parts of water and 8-12 parts of additive.
3. The sandstone bone system concrete of claim 1, wherein: the cement is low-heat portland cement; preferably, the specific surface area of the low-heat portland cement is more than or equal to 300kg/m2(ii) a Preferably, the 28d compressive strength of the low-heat silicate cement is more than or equal to 48.0 MPa; preferably, the 56d compressive strength of the low-heat portland cement is more than or equal to 60.0 MPa.
4. The sandstone bone system concrete of claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the sandstone machine-made sand is 0.075 mm-5 mm.
5. The sandstone bone system concrete of claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the sandstone stone chip powder is 0.045 mm-5 mm.
6. The sandstone bone system concrete of claim 1, wherein: the fineness modulus of the sandstone mechanism sand is 2.3-3.0.
7. The sandstone bone system concrete of claim 1, wherein: the specific surface area of the mineral powder is more than or equal to 400kg/m2。
8. The sandstone bone system concrete of claim 2, wherein: the additive is a water reducing agent; preferably, the water reducing rate of the water reducing agent is more than or equal to 25%.
9. A method of preparing the sandstone bone system concrete of any of claims 2 to 8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the cement, the fly ash, the mineral powder, the first-particle-size sandstone broken stone, the second-particle-size sandstone broken stone, the third-particle-size sandstone broken stone, the sandstone mechanism sand and the sandstone stone chip powder to prepare mixed powder;
s2, adding the water and the admixture into the mixed powder prepared in the step S1.
10. Use of the sandstone bone system concrete according to any of claims 1 to 8 in the preparation of cement pre-forms.
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