CN114311741A - Method and die for preforming composite material window frame - Google Patents
Method and die for preforming composite material window frame Download PDFInfo
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- CN114311741A CN114311741A CN202111529891.6A CN202111529891A CN114311741A CN 114311741 A CN114311741 A CN 114311741A CN 202111529891 A CN202111529891 A CN 202111529891A CN 114311741 A CN114311741 A CN 114311741A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material forming, in particular to a composite material window frame preforming method and a composite material window frame preforming mold. The preforming method comprises the steps of manufacturing cut cloth, manufacturing a piece to be pressed, heating the piece to be pressed and manufacturing a preformed piece. The preforming die comprises a lower die mechanism and an upper die mechanism which move close to or away from each other in the vertical direction; the lower die mechanism comprises a lower die platform and a lower die core protruding out of the lower die platform; the upper die mechanism comprises an upper die core and a plurality of pressing blocks arranged around the upper die core; the pressing block moves up and down, and the movement path of the lower die mechanism form an angle; when the preformed piece is manufactured, the central part of the piece to be pressed is clamped by the top surface of the lower die core and the bottom surface of the upper die core, and the pressing block presses the edge of the piece to be pressed, which is provided with the shearing mouth, and the edge is propped against the side surface of the lower die core. The method and the die for preforming the composite material window frame effectively eliminate the wrinkles at the bending part of the window frame preforming piece, improve the production efficiency and improve the product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material forming, in particular to a composite material window frame preforming method and a composite material window frame preforming mold.
Background
The composite material is a novel high-quality material, has excellent mechanical properties and much smaller weight than a metal material, and is widely used in the fields of aerospace, rail transit and the like in recent years.
In the related art, an aircraft window frame made of a composite material as shown in fig. 1 includes a window 01, and a window edge 02 folded along an edge of the window 01. The window frame manufacturing process in the prior art comprises the following steps: firstly, manufacturing a preformed piece by using composite material fabric, processing the preformed piece to form the shape of a window frame, then placing the processed preformed piece in a forming die, and injecting resin for curing and forming. In the prior art, when a composite fabric is bent to form a window edge 02 in the process of manufacturing a preformed piece, the bent part is easy to generate wrinkles, so that the preformed piece cannot be directly used, the wrinkles are manually eliminated, the operation is difficult, the efficiency is low, the eliminating effect is poor, and the normal production is seriously influenced.
In view of the above problems, the present designer is actively making research and innovation based on the practical experience and professional knowledge that is rich over years in engineering application of such products and by using the theory, and provides a method and a mold for preforming a composite material window frame, which effectively eliminate the wrinkles at the bending position of the window frame preforming member, improve the production efficiency, and improve the product quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a die for preforming a composite material window frame, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art, and solving the problem that the bent part of a preformed piece is easy to wrinkle when the preformed piece is manufactured in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preforming a composite window frame, comprising the steps of:
manufacturing a fabric to be cut: cutting the composite material fabric into a waist-shaped cut fabric, and cutting a cut opening along the edge of the cut fabric;
manufacturing a piece to be pressed: the method comprises the following steps of (1) laying a plurality of cut cloths in an aligned mode from bottom to top, and uniformly scattering sizing powder between every two adjacent cut cloths to form a piece to be pressed;
heating the piece to be pressed: transferring the piece to be pressed into heating equipment and heating until the shaping powder is melted;
manufacturing a preformed piece: and transferring the heated part to be pressed into a preforming mold, clamping the central part of the part to be pressed by the preforming mold, pressing the edge of the part to be pressed with the cut to form a folded edge, and keeping the pressed edge pressed downwards until the shaping powder of the part to be pressed is cooled and shaped again to form a preformed part.
Further, in the step of manufacturing the fabric cut, the fabric cut includes a first fabric cut, a second fabric cut, a third fabric cut and a fourth fabric cut, which are mutually staggered in the position of the cut.
Furthermore, in the step of manufacturing the fabric cut, the cut openings of the first fabric cut, the second fabric cut and the third fabric cut are triangular; the cut at the circular edge of the fourth fabric is Y-shaped, and the cut at the intersection of the linear edge and the circular edge is zigzag.
Further, in the step of manufacturing the fabric cut, the first fabric cut, the second fabric cut, the third fabric cut and the fourth fabric cut are laid sequentially and circularly from bottom to top.
Furthermore, in the step of manufacturing the piece to be pressed, after the cut cloth is laid, a layer of isolation film with an area larger than that of the cut cloth is laid on the upper and lower sides of the whole laid cut cloth.
Further, in the step of heating the member to be pressed and the step of making the preform, a robot arm or an operator holds a portion of the release film which is not in contact with the cut fabric while the member to be pressed is transferred.
The invention also provides a composite material window frame preforming die, which is applied to the composite material window frame preforming method and comprises a lower die mechanism and an upper die mechanism which move close to or away from each other in the vertical direction;
the lower die mechanism comprises a lower die platform and a lower die core protruding out of the lower die platform;
the upper die mechanism comprises an upper die core and a plurality of pressing blocks arranged around the upper die core; the pressing block moves up and down, and the movement path of the pressing block forms an angle with the movement path of the lower die mechanism;
when the preformed piece is manufactured, the top surface of the lower die core and the bottom surface of the upper die core clamp the central part of the piece to be pressed, and the pressing block presses the edge of the piece to be pressed down and enables the edge to abut against the side surface of the lower die core.
Further, still include the compress platform, the mesa sets up the lower mould mechanism with between the last mould mechanism, and the mesa sets up the confession go up the mould core with the through-hole structure that the briquetting passed.
Further, the lower die platform moves in the vertical direction within the lower die mechanism.
Furthermore, the upper die mechanism also comprises a pressure plate extending downwards, and the bottom of the pressure plate is attached to the table top when the preformed piece is manufactured; the upper die core moves in the upper die mechanism along the vertical direction.
Through the technical scheme of the invention, the following technical effects can be realized:
a shear opening is cut at the edge of the cut fabric, so that a deformation space is provided for the cut fabric in the bending process, and the cut fabric edge is prevented from being accumulated to cause wrinkles; treat casting die central part through the centre gripping earlier, guarantee to treat that the relative position between casting die and the preforming mould keeps fixed to guarantee that can not produce the dislocation between each layer sanction cloth, later treat casting die edge again and push down, guarantee that the place of buckling all has the cut-out, thereby guarantee can not produce the fold.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a composite window frame according to the background of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a first cut, a second cut, a third cut, and a fourth cut in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of various flow charts of a method for preforming a composite window frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a composite window frame preform mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a lower die mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an upper die mechanism of the first embodiment in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a composite window frame preform mold in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the pressing process of the pressing block for pressing down the edge of the member to be pressed according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a composite window frame preform mold in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of the action of the platen and the cloth platen in an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals: the device comprises a window body 01, a window edge 02, a first fabric cut 11, a second fabric cut 12, a third fabric cut 13, a fourth fabric cut 14, a cut 15, a piece to be pressed 16, a preformed piece 17, an isolating film 18, a lower die mechanism 2, a lower die platform 21, a lower die core 22, a lower abutting plate 23, an upper die mechanism 3, an upper die core 31, a pressing block 32, a pressing plate 33, an upper abutting plate 34 and a fabric pressing platform 4.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention relates to a preforming method of a composite material window frame, which comprises the following steps of:
manufacturing a fabric to be cut: cutting the composite material fabric into a waist-shaped cut fabric, and cutting a cutting opening 15 along the edge of the cut fabric;
manufacturing a piece to be pressed: a plurality of cut cloths are laid in an aligned mode from bottom to top, and setting powder is uniformly scattered between every two adjacent cut cloths to form a piece to be pressed 16;
heating the piece to be pressed: transferring the piece 16 to be pressed into heating equipment and heating until the shaping powder is melted;
manufacturing a preformed piece: and transferring the heated member 16 to be pressed into a preforming mold, wherein the preforming mold firstly clamps the central part of the member 16 to be pressed, then the edge of the member 16 to be pressed, which is provided with the cut 15, is pressed downwards to form a folded edge and is kept pressed downwards until the shaping powder of the member 16 to be pressed is cooled and shaped again, and then the preformed member 17 can be formed.
And processing the preformed piece after the preformed piece is manufactured, processing the preformed piece to form a window hole in the window body 01, finishing the bent edge to enable the bent edge to meet the size requirement of the window edge 02, putting the window hole into a forming die, injecting resin, curing and forming to finally form the composite material window frame product.
Specifically, the method cuts the cut-out 15 at the edge of the cut-out fabric, and the cut-out 15 provides a deformation space for the cut-out fabric in the bending process along with the gradual folding of the two side edges of the bent cut-out 15 of the cut-out fabric, so that the cut-out fabric edge is prevented from being accumulated to cause wrinkles; the bending method in the prior art is generally formed by one-step stamping by using a stamping head, the method is easy to cause the whole piece to be pressed 16 to deviate and is difficult to adapt to a multi-layer fabric cutting structure of the piece to be pressed 16, dislocation is easy to generate between each layer of fabric cutting in the stamping process, once the dislocation generates to cause the part without the cut-out 15 to be bent, wrinkles still can be generated, the method firstly clamps the central part of the piece to be pressed 16 to ensure that the relative position between the whole piece to be pressed 16 and a preforming mold is kept fixed, and the dislocation can not be generated between each layer of fabric cutting in the piece to be pressed 16 under the action of clamping force, then presses the edge of the piece to be pressed 16 downwards, ensures that the bent part has the cut-out 15, and further ensures that no wrinkles can be generated.
Because there may be an error in the cut size of the cut-out 15, and the piece to be pressed 16 is a multi-layer fabric cutting structure, and the bending condition of each layer of fabric cutting may also be different to some extent, so that the cut-out 15 may not be completely folded, preferably, in the fabric cutting step, the fabric cutting is configured to include the first fabric cutting 11, the second fabric cutting 12, the third fabric cutting 13 and the fourth fabric cutting 14, which are staggered in the position of the cut-out 15, as shown in fig. 2, even if the cut-out 15 of each fabric cutting is not folded, it can be ensured that the part of each cut-out 15 having other fabric cutting can be blocked, and the sealing performance of the window frame is ensured. Preferably, the cut-outs 15 of the first cut-out fabric 11, the second cut-out fabric 12 and the third cut-out fabric 13 are triangular, which has a common bending and wrinkle-preventing effect, and the edges of the cut-outs can be cut into more small pieces, so that the circular part of the window frame can be better shaped; the shear 15 at the circular edge on the fourth fabric cutting 14 is Y-shaped, the shear 15 at the intersection of the linear edge and the circular edge is fold-line-shaped, the Y-shaped shear 15 and the fold-line-shaped shear 15 can cut the edge of the fabric into a plurality of large blocks, each large block has better deformability, and can wrap the circular part formed by the first fabric cutting 11, the second fabric cutting 12 and the third fabric cutting 13 and stretch across a plurality of small blocks, so that the structural strength of the circular part is improved.
Because the viscosity of the shaping powder is high after the shaping powder is melted, the piece 16 to be pressed is easy to stick to the preforming mold, and the processing is affected, therefore, in the step of manufacturing the piece 16 to be pressed, after the cut cloth is laid, a layer of isolating film 18 with the area larger than that of the cut cloth is respectively laid on the upper part and the lower part of the whole laid cut cloth, so that the sticking of the piece 16 to be pressed and the preforming mold is prevented. In the steps of heating the member to be pressed 16 and making the preform 17, a robot or an operator holds the portion of the release film 18 that is not in contact with the cut fabric while the member to be pressed 16 is transferred, so as to prevent the structure of the multi-layer cut fabric from being affected, and preferably releases the holding of the robot or the operator to the member to be pressed 16 after the preform mold holds the central portion of the member to be pressed 16, thereby ensuring the alignment of the member to be pressed 16 with the preform mold.
The invention also relates to a composite material window frame preforming die, which is applied to the composite material window frame preforming method, wherein the embodiment 1 of the composite material window frame preforming die is shown in fig. 4-7 and comprises a lower die mechanism 2 and an upper die mechanism 3 which move close to or away from each other in the vertical direction;
the lower die mechanism 2 comprises a lower die platform 21 and a lower die mold core 22 protruding out of the lower die platform 21;
the upper die mechanism 3 comprises an upper die core 31 and a plurality of press blocks 32 arranged around the upper die core 31; the press block 32 moves up and down, and the movement path of the press block 32 forms an angle with the movement path of the lower die mechanism 2;
when the preform 17 is manufactured, the top surface of the lower mold core 22 and the bottom surface of the upper mold core 31 hold the central portion of the member to be pressed 16, and the pressing block 32 presses down the edge of the member to be pressed 16 and makes the edge abut against the side surface of the lower mold core 22.
The specific working procedure of the apparatus of example 1 is as follows: the lower die mechanism 2 and the upper die mechanism 3 are firstly separated from each other to generate an interval between the lower die core 22 and the upper die core 31, and the pressing block 32 is stopped at the top; then the part to be pressed 16 is placed in the gap; then the lower die mechanism 2 and the upper die mechanism 3 approach each other, so that the lower die core 22 and the upper die core 31 clamp the central part of the part to be pressed 16; then the pressing block 32 moves downwards to press the edge of the piece 16 to be pressed to form a hem, and the blank is cooled and shaped again until the shaping powder of the piece 16 to be pressed is cooled and shaped again, so that the preformed piece 17 can be formed; after the processing is completed, the press block 32 is lifted, and then the lower die mechanism 2 and the upper die mechanism 3 are separated from each other, so that the processed preform 17 can be taken out. Through setting the motion path of the pressing block 32 to be inclined to a certain extent, when the edge of the piece to be pressed 16 is pressed downwards, as shown in fig. 8, compared with a mode of causing an angle mutation due to vertical pressing downwards, the inclined pressing mode can enable an included angle between the edge of the piece to be pressed 16 and the central part to have a gradual change process, so that wrinkles can be better prevented from being generated, a certain flowing time and a certain flowing space are reserved for melted sizing powder, the sizing powder can be uniformly distributed in the piece to be pressed 16, and the strength of the formed preformed piece 17 is improved.
The lower die mechanism 2 and the upper die mechanism 3 are also respectively provided with a plurality of lower abutting plates 23 and upper abutting plates 34, when the lower die mechanism 2 and the upper die mechanism 3 are closed, the lower abutting plates 23 and the upper abutting plates 34 are abutted with each other, so that a gap is formed between the lower die core 22 and the upper die core 31, and the width of the gap is the thickness of the preformed piece 17. By replacing the lower retaining plate 23 and the upper retaining plate 34 with different thicknesses, a rapid adjustment of the thickness of the preform 17 can be achieved.
Preferably, the lower die platform 21 moves in the vertical direction within the lower die mechanism 2. Specifically, before the piece 16 to be pressed is transferred to the mold, the lower mold platform 21 is lifted to the height which is basically the same as the table top of the cloth pressing platform 4, then the piece 16 to be pressed is placed, at this time, the outer edge of the isolation film 18 is lapped on the table top of the cloth pressing platform 4, and the edge of the piece 16 to be pressed is lapped on the lower mold platform 21; then, the pressing block 32 is pressed down, the lower die platform 21 descends along with the pressing block 32, and the lower die platform 21 always lifts the edge of the piece to be pressed 16, so that the edge of the piece to be pressed 16 is attached to the pressing block 32, and the edge of the piece to be pressed 16 is further prevented from being suspended.
The upper die mechanism 3 preferably further includes a platen 33 extending downward, and the upper die core 31 moves in the vertical direction within the upper die mechanism 3. Specifically, before the piece 16 to be pressed is transferred to the mold, the upper mold core 31 is lifted, the piece 16 to be pressed is placed, and the lower mold mechanism 2 and the upper mold mechanism 3 are close to enable the bottom of the pressing plate 33 and the table surface to clamp the isolation film 18, so that the relative position between the piece 16 to be pressed and the mold is fixed; then the upper die core 31 descends again to clamp the central part of the piece to be pressed 16 with the lower die core 22; then the pressing block 32 descends, the isolation film 18 can slide to a certain extent along with the descending of the pressing block 32, but the isolation film is always clamped by the bottom of the pressing plate 33 and the table top, so that the edge of the piece 16 to be pressed is ensured to be attached to the pressing block 32, and the edge of the piece 16 to be pressed is further prevented from being suspended.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method of preforming a composite window frame, comprising the steps of:
manufacturing a fabric to be cut: cutting the composite material fabric into a waist-shaped cut fabric, and cutting a cutting opening (15) along the edge of the cut fabric;
manufacturing a piece to be pressed: the method comprises the following steps of (1) laying a plurality of cut cloths in an aligned mode from bottom to top, and uniformly scattering sizing powder between every two adjacent cut cloths to form a piece to be pressed;
heating the piece to be pressed: transferring the piece to be pressed into heating equipment and heating until the shaping powder is melted;
manufacturing a preformed piece: and transferring the heated part to be pressed into a preforming mold, clamping the central part of the part to be pressed by the preforming mold, pressing the edge of the part to be pressed with the shear mouth (15) downwards to form a folded edge, and keeping the pressed edge downwards until the shaping powder of the part to be pressed is cooled and shaped again to form a preformed part.
2. The method for preforming a composite window frame according to claim 1, wherein, in the fabric-making step, the fabric cut includes a first fabric cut (11), a second fabric cut (12), a third fabric cut (13), and a fourth fabric cut (14) having their slits (15) positioned to be shifted from each other.
3. The method for preforming a composite window frame according to claim 2, wherein in the step of making cut cloths, the cut outs (15) of the first cut cloth (11), the second cut cloth (12) and the third cut cloth (13) are triangular; the cut (15) at the circular edge of the fourth fabric (14) is Y-shaped, and the cut (15) at the intersection of the linear edge and the circular edge is zigzag.
4. -a method for preforming a composite window frame according to claim 3, characterised in that in the step of making the fabric cuts, the first fabric cut (11), the second fabric cut (12), the third fabric cut (13) and the fourth fabric cut (14) are laid down in sequence and cyclically from bottom to top.
5. The method for preforming a composite window frame according to claim 1, wherein in the step of forming a member to be pressed, after the cut fabric is laid, a release film having an area larger than that of the cut fabric is laid on each of the upper and lower sides of the laid cut fabric.
6. The method of preforming a composite window frame according to claim 5, wherein in the step of heating the member to be pressed and the step of fabricating the preform, a robot or an operator holds a portion of the release film which is not in contact with the cut cloth while the member to be pressed is transferred.
7. A composite material window frame preforming mold applied to the composite material window frame preforming method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a lower mold mechanism (2) and an upper mold mechanism (3) which are moved close to or away from each other in a vertical direction;
the lower die mechanism (2) comprises a lower die platform (21) and a lower die mold core (22) protruding out of the lower die platform (21);
the upper die mechanism (3) comprises an upper die core (31) and a plurality of press blocks (32) arranged around the upper die core (31); the pressing block (32) moves up and down, and the movement path of the pressing block (32) forms an angle with the movement path of the lower die mechanism (2);
when the preform is manufactured, the top surface of the lower die core (22) and the bottom surface of the upper die core (31) clamp the central part of the part to be pressed, and the pressing block (32) presses the edge of the part to be pressed and enables the edge to abut against the side surface of the lower die core (22).
8. The composite material window frame preforming mold according to claim 7, further comprising a cloth pressing platform (4) provided between the lower mold mechanism (2) and the upper mold mechanism (3) and provided with a through hole structure through which the upper mold core (31) and the pressing block (32) pass.
9. The composite material window frame preforming tool according to claim 8, wherein the lower die platform (21) is moved in a vertical direction within the lower die mechanism (2).
10. The composite material window frame preforming mold according to claim 8, wherein the upper mold mechanism (3) further includes a downwardly extending platen (33), and when the preform is manufactured, the bottom of the platen (33) is fitted to the table; the upper die core (31) moves in the upper die mechanism (3) along the vertical direction.
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| CN202111529891.6A CN114311741B (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Method and die for preforming composite material window frame |
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| CN202111529891.6A CN114311741B (en) | 2021-12-14 | 2021-12-14 | Method and die for preforming composite material window frame |
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| CN112497786A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-16 | 江苏亨睿碳纤维科技有限公司 | Forming method and die for carbon fiber automobile parts |
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| US20070175571A1 (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-02 | Rubin Alexander M | Novel fabrication process for thermoplastic composite parts |
| CN102874416A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2013-01-16 | 波音公司 | Large area repair of composite aircraft |
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| CN114311741B (en) | 2022-10-18 |
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