CN114311730A - Composite material light shield, forming die and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite material light shield, forming die and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114311730A CN114311730A CN202111582075.1A CN202111582075A CN114311730A CN 114311730 A CN114311730 A CN 114311730A CN 202111582075 A CN202111582075 A CN 202111582075A CN 114311730 A CN114311730 A CN 114311730A
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite material light shield, a forming die and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, laying at least one layer of prepreg on the water-soluble core mould according to the laying sequence and the laying angle; s2, sequentially utilizing the positioning shafts to guide and insert each water-soluble core mold, and fixing the positioning shafts inserted with the water-soluble core molds with the upper template and the lower template respectively; s3, paving skins on the outer surface of the fixed water-soluble core mold and the molding surface of the flanging flange according to the paving sequence and the paving angle; s4, sequentially mounting an outer split and an outer pressing ring to complete the assembly of the composite material light shield forming die; s5, pre-compacting the composite material light shield through the forming die, and curing; and S6, after the solidification is finished, disassembling the mould and removing the water-soluble core mould by using water. The light shield is manufactured by integrally molding through a prepreg laying process, so that the small-scale composite material light shield which cannot be manufactured through the conventional process is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material application, and particularly relates to a composite material light shield, a forming die and a preparation method of the composite material light shield.
Background
The resin-based fiber reinforced composite material lens hood has wide application in the fields of aerospace, satellite structures, camera structures and the like due to the light weight, high strength and mechanical characteristics and excellent dimensional stability.
The traditional composite material lens hood preparation process comprises a metal mold matching process, a vacuum bag process, an autoclave process and a vacuum injection molding process, and the process is suitable for preparing a large-size or medium-size composite material lens hood (the diameter is larger than about 150mm), because the processes all need to adopt a rigid (metal or other materials) inner mold for molding the lens hood, the space of an inner cavity of the medium-size or large-size lens hood is abundant, the requirements of installation and demolding operation of rigid inner mold split can be allowed, and for a small-size (the diameter is smaller than within 100 mm) lens hood, the operation space of the inner cavity of the lens hood is small and is not enough to support the installation and demolding operation of the rigid inner mold split; meanwhile, the traditional light shield with the inner grid reinforcing ribs is generally formed by winding prepreg filaments by a wet method or a dry method, so that the defects of mismatching of thermal expansion coefficients of the inner grid and the skin and poor mechanical property are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a composite material light shield, a forming die and a preparation method thereof in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, and can be used for preparing small-size composite material light shield devices which cannot be manufactured by conventional processes. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a composite light shield forming mold, comprising: the device comprises an upper template, a lower template, an external pressing ring, an external split, a water-soluble core mold and a positioning shaft;
the preset areas of the upper template and the lower template are correspondingly provided with pressurizing through holes, the pressurizing through holes are used for pressurizing the axial direction of the composite material hood forming mold during mold closing, and the preset areas are annular areas with the inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the outer split;
pressing ring threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the external pressing ring, and the pressing ring threaded holes are used for radially pressurizing external segments through a threaded piece;
the radius of the outer segments is matched with that of the outer pressing ring, and at least three outer segments are arranged on the inner side of the outer pressing ring and are circumferentially distributed on the outer circle surface of the light shield to be molded;
the water-soluble core mold is positioned in the outer split sections which are distributed in the circumferential direction, and a connecting through hole is formed in the central shaft of the water-soluble core mold;
the positioning shaft penetrates through the connecting through hole and is used for connecting each water-soluble core mold;
the positioning shaft is respectively connected with the upper template and the lower template.
Preferably, the pressurizing through holes of the upper template are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the upper template;
the pressurizing through holes of the lower template are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the lower template, so that the screw rod sequentially penetrates through the pressurizing through holes of the upper template and the pressurizing through holes of the lower template, and the axial pressurization of the composite material lens hood forming die is realized by matching with the nut.
Preferably, both ends of the positioning shaft are provided with positioning holes, and the positioning holes are used for positioning and connecting the positioning shaft with the upper template and the lower template.
Preferably, the outer wall of the water-soluble core mold is provided with a groove, the grooving direction of the groove points to the axis of the water-soluble core mold, and the groove is used for forming a reinforcing rib cavity in the light shield to be formed.
Preferably, the upper template, the lower template, the outer pressing ring, the outer split and the positioning shaft are all made of metal materials.
A method of making a composite light shield comprising the steps of:
s1, laying prepreg on the water-soluble core mould according to the first laying sequence and the laying angle;
s2, guiding and penetrating each water-soluble core mold after the prepreg is laid by using a positioning shaft, and fixing two ends of the positioning shaft penetrated with the water-soluble core mold with an upper template and a lower template;
s3, performing skin laying on the outer surface of the fixed water-soluble core mould and the molding surface of the flanging flange on the upper template according to the second laying sequence and the laying angle;
s4, sequentially mounting an outer split and an outer pressing ring to complete the assembly of the composite material light shield forming die;
s5, pre-compacting the composite material light shield through the forming die, and curing;
and S6, after the solidification is finished, detaching the pressurizing ring, the outer split, the upper template, the lower template and the positioning shaft, and then removing the water-soluble core mold by water solution.
Preferably, the thickness of each single layer of the prepreg is 0.05mm-0.2mm, and the volume content of the fibers in the prepreg is 60 +/-3%.
Preferably, the fiber of the prepreg is any one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, quartz fiber and high silica fiber;
the resin of the prepreg is any one of cyanate resin, epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin, polyimide resin and phthalocyanic resin.
A composite material light shield is manufactured by the method.
The invention can obtain the following technical effects:
1. the ultra-small-size composite material hood, the forming die and the preparation method thereof can be used for preparing small-scale composite material hood devices which cannot be manufactured by the conventional process, and are integrally formed by the prepreg laying process, so that the defect that the thermal expansion coefficients of the skin and the reinforcing ribs of the traditional hood are not matched can be overcome, and the reinforcing ribs and the skin have the advantage of better mechanical properties.
2. The ultra-small composite material lens hood and the forming die have simple structures and low manufacturing cost, and can be applied to the preparation of small composite material parts in other aerospace fields.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a composite material light shield molding die according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of making a composite light shield according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the location of the grooves on the water-soluble core die according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a composite light shield according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
an upper template 1, a lower template 2, an external pressing ring 3, a pressing ring threaded hole 31,
An outer split 4, a water-soluble core mold 5, a groove 51, a positioning shaft 6, a positioning hole 61,
The light shield 7, the reinforcing rib 71, the groove 72, the flanging 8, the flanging flange 9 and the forming surface 91 of the flanging flange.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The invention aims to provide a composite material light shield, a forming die and a preparation method thereof. The composite material light shield, the forming mold and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention will be described in detail through specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows an overall structure of a composite material light shield molding die of the present invention, which, in conjunction with fig. 2, includes: the device comprises an upper template 1, a lower template 2, an external pressing ring 3, an external split 4, a water-soluble core mold 5 and a positioning shaft 6;
the water-soluble core mould 5 is sequentially inserted on the positioning shaft 6 in series, the outer split 4 and the outer pressing ring 3 are sequentially fixed on the peripheries of the water-soluble core mould 5 and the flanging flange 9 on the upper mould plate 1, and the outer pressing ring 3 radially presses the outer split 4 to realize radial fastening of the water-soluble core mould 5 and the flanging flange 9; meanwhile, the pressurizing and fastening of the upper template 1 and the lower template 2 are realized through the positioning holes arranged on the positioning shaft 6 and the pressurizing through holes arranged on the upper template 1 and the lower template 2, and the assembly of the composite material light shield forming die is completed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a connecting through hole is provided at the central axis of the water-soluble core mold 5, and the diameter of the connecting through hole is adapted to the diameter of the positioning shaft 6, so that each water-soluble core mold 5 can be connected in series to the positioning shaft 6.
Meanwhile, the two ends of the positioning shaft 6 are provided with positioning holes, and the positioning holes are used for positioning the positioning shaft 6 with the upper template 1 and the lower template 2 and connecting the positioning shaft with the upper template 1 and the lower template 2 by utilizing a pressurizing bolt.
The periphery of the water-soluble core mold 5 is provided with three outer split sections 4, and the water-soluble core mold 5 is surrounded by the three outer split sections 4;
the periphery of three outer split sections 4 of a cylinder formed by encircling is sleeved with an external pressing ring 3, a plurality of pressing ring threaded holes 31 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the external pressing ring 3, and the axial direction of each pressing ring threaded hole 31 is the same as the radial direction of the external pressing ring; the pressing ring threaded holes 31 are matched with the bolts matched with each other, and the bolts are screwed to realize radial pressurization on the outer split 4, so that the composite material in a cavity formed between each outer split 4 and the water-soluble core mold 5 is fully contacted, and the pressurization pressure during the molding of the composite material is ensured.
A plurality of pressurizing through holes are correspondingly arranged in preset areas of the upper template 1 and the lower template 2, the pressurizing through holes are used for pressurizing the axial direction of the composite material hood forming mold during mold closing, and the preset areas are annular areas with inner diameters larger than the outer diameter of the outer split 4;
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressurizing through-holes of the upper mold plate 1 are uniformly distributed on a circle of the circumference of the upper mold plate 1; the pressurizing through holes of the lower template 2 are uniformly distributed on a circle on the circumference of the lower template 2, the positions of the pressurizing through holes on the two circles correspond to each other one by one, so that the screw can penetrate through the pressurizing through holes on the upper template 1 and the pressurizing through holes on the lower template 2, and the axial pressurization of the composite material lens hood forming die is realized by matching with the nut.
In order to form a rib 71 as shown in fig. 5 in the light shade 7 to be molded, a groove 51 is provided on the outer wall of the water-soluble core mold 5, and in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the groove 51 is provided at both ends of the water-soluble core mold 5 as shown in fig. 4 to facilitate the laying of prepreg when the light shade 7 is manufactured.
In order to enable the light shield 7 to be formed to have a flanging structure, a flanging flange is arranged on the upper template 1 and on one side fixed with the positioning shaft 6.
The upper template 1, the lower template 2, the external pressing ring 3, the external split 4 and the positioning shaft 6 of the composite material lens hood forming die are all made of metal materials, and die steel or No. 45 steel can be selected.
Fig. 3 shows a process of manufacturing a lens hood by using the above-mentioned mold for molding a composite lens hood of the present invention, and the composite lens hood of the present invention is integrally molded by a prepreg placement process, as shown in fig. 1, and includes the following steps:
and S1, laying the prepreg on the water-soluble core mould according to the first laying sequence and the laying angle.
Specifically, at least one layer of prepreg is respectively laid on the water-soluble core mould, and in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the prepreg is a resin-based fiber reinforced composite material.
The fiber of the prepreg is any one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, quartz fiber and high silica fiber; the resin of the prepreg is any one of cyanate resin, epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin, polyimide resin and phthalocyanic resin; the single-layer thickness of the prepreg is 0.05mm-0.2mm, and the volume content of the fibers in the prepreg is 60 +/-3%.
And S2, guiding and penetrating each water-soluble core mold after the prepreg is laid by using a positioning shaft, and fixing the positioning shaft penetrated with the water-soluble core mold with the upper template and the lower template.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to enable the light shield 7 to be connected to other components, a flange is provided on one side of the upper mould plate, and the flange is brought into abutment with the outer lobe on the positioning shaft to form a flange 8 of the light shield 7.
Furthermore, the water-soluble core mold is fixed with the upper template and the lower template through the positioning hole on the positioning shaft by using a bolt.
And S3, according to the second layering sequence and the second layering angle, laying skins on the outer surface of the fixed water-soluble core mould and the molding surface of the flanging flange.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the profiled surface 91 of the flange is the surface that abuts the outer valve part 4, as shown in figure 2.
The second ply sequence and ply angle of the skin may be the same as or different from the first ply sequence and ply angle in step S1, and the skin is a resin-based fiber-reinforced composite material having the same composition as the prepreg.
And S4, sequentially mounting an outer split and an outer pressing ring to complete the assembly of the composite material light shield forming die.
After the covering is laid, three outer split sections are installed on the periphery of a positioning shaft fixed with the upper template and the lower template, an outer pressing ring is installed on the outer surface of a cylinder formed by the three outer split sections, and the outer split sections are pressurized by screwing bolts through the pressing ring threaded holes.
And S5, pre-compacting the composite material light shield through the forming die and curing.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pre-compaction of the composite light shield is achieved both radially and axially by tightening bolts that engage threaded holes in the clamping ring and nuts that engage threaded rods that pass through the upper and lower mold plates.
And S6, after the solidification is finished, the pressurizing ring, the outer split, the upper template, the lower template and the positioning shaft are disassembled, and then the water-soluble core mold is dissolved by water.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the curing process of the light shade is completed, the bolts are unscrewed, the pressing ring, the outer segments, the upper mold plate, the lower mold plate and the positioning shafts are sequentially removed, and then the water-soluble core mold is dissolved by water to obtain the ultra-small sized composite light shade as shown in fig. 5.
A composite material light shield is prepared by the composite material light shield forming die and the preparation method of the composite material light shield.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
The above embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a combined material lens hood forming die which characterized in that includes: the device comprises an upper template, a lower template, an external pressing ring, an external split, a water-soluble core mold and a positioning shaft;
pressurizing through holes are correspondingly arranged in preset areas of the upper template and the lower template, the pressurizing through holes are used for pressurizing the composite material hood forming die in the axial direction during die assembly, and the preset areas are annular areas with inner diameters larger than the outer diameter of the outer split;
pressing ring threaded holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the external pressing ring, and the pressing ring threaded holes are matched with the threaded piece to perform circumferential pressurization on the external split;
the radius of the outer segments is matched with that of the outer pressing ring, and at least three outer segments are arranged on the inner side of the outer pressing ring and are circumferentially distributed on the outer circular surface of the light shield to be molded;
the water-soluble core mold is positioned in the outer split distributed in the circumferential direction, and a connecting through hole is formed in the central shaft of the water-soluble core mold;
the positioning shaft penetrates through the connecting through hole and is used for connecting each water-soluble core mold;
the positioning shaft is respectively connected with the upper template and the lower template.
2. The composite material light shield molding die of claim 1, wherein the pressurizing through holes of the upper mold plate are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the upper mold plate;
the pressurizing through holes of the lower template are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the lower template, so that a screw rod sequentially penetrates through the pressurizing through holes of the upper template and the pressurizing through holes of the lower template; the screw rod is matched with the nut to realize axial pressurization of the composite material light shield forming die.
3. The composite material light shield forming die as claimed in claim 1, wherein positioning holes are formed at both ends of the positioning shaft, and the positioning holes are used for positioning and connecting the positioning shaft with the upper mold plate and the lower mold plate.
4. The composite material shade forming mold according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the water-soluble core mold is provided with a groove, the grooving direction of the groove points to the axis of the water-soluble core mold, and the groove is used for forming a rib cavity in the shade to be formed;
and a flanging flange is arranged on one side of the upper template and is used for forming the flanging with the forming light shield.
5. The composite light shield molding mold of claim 1, wherein the upper mold plate, the lower mold plate, the outer pressing ring, the outer segments and the positioning shaft are all made of metal materials.
6. A method for preparing a composite material light shield is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, laying prepreg on the water-soluble core mould according to the first laying sequence and the laying angle;
s2, guiding and penetrating each water-soluble core mold after the prepreg is laid by using a positioning shaft, and fixing the positioning shaft penetrated with the water-soluble core mold with an upper template and a lower template;
s3, performing skin laying on the outer surface of the water-soluble core mould and the molding surface of the flanging flange on the upper template, which are fixed, according to a second laying sequence and a laying angle;
s4, sequentially mounting an outer split and an outer pressing ring to complete the assembly of the composite material light shield forming die;
s5, pre-compacting the composite material light shield through a forming die, and curing;
and S6, after the solidification is finished, the pressurizing ring, the outer split, the upper template, the lower template and the positioning shaft are disassembled, and then the water-soluble core mold is removed by water solution.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the prepregs have a thickness of 0.05mm to 0.2mm and the volume content of the fibers in the prepregs is 60 ± 3%.
8. The method for preparing a composite material light shield according to claim 6, wherein the fiber of the prepreg is any one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, quartz fiber and high silica fiber;
the resin of the prepreg is any one of cyanate resin, epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin, polyimide resin and phthalocyanic resin.
9. A composite light shield made by the method of any of claims 6-9.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117656539A (en) * | 2024-02-02 | 2024-03-08 | 哈尔滨远驰航空装备有限公司 | Composite material adapter, forming die and method |
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