CN114310689A - Lightweight substrate diamond grinding wheel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lightweight substrate diamond grinding wheel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114310689A CN114310689A CN202111342971.0A CN202111342971A CN114310689A CN 114310689 A CN114310689 A CN 114310689A CN 202111342971 A CN202111342971 A CN 202111342971A CN 114310689 A CN114310689 A CN 114310689A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a light-weight substrate diamond grinding wheel and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of diamond cutters. This lightweight base plate diamond-impregnated wheel includes diamond segments, steel mill base member and titanium alloy base member, and a plurality of diamond segments equipartitions are on cyclic annular steel mill base member, and cyclic annular steel mill base member is fixed on the titanium alloy base member. The diamond tool bit comprises the following raw materials: 20-35 parts of copper, 30-40 parts of iron, 3-15 parts of nickel, 5-16 parts of copper-tin-titanium alloy, 2-10 parts of tin, 3-10 parts of chromium, 0.4-1.4 parts of liquid paraffin and 1.1-2.5 parts of diamond. The titanium alloy matrix plays a role in fixing the mother board, does not participate in polishing, can be recycled, and achieves the purposes of cost reduction and efficiency improvement. The diamond tool bit is welded on the thin steel substrate, the steel substrate and the titanium alloy substrate are fixedly connected through screws, the diamond tool bit is very convenient, and the market competitiveness of products is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of diamond tools, in particular to a diamond grinding wheel with a light-weight substrate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At the present of high-speed economy development, engineering and basic road construction demand are more and more, because work load is big, the high-efficient construction of more and more urgent demand, still respond the call of national low carbon environmental protection simultaneously, each big producer all steps up the more economical, high-efficient, energy-conserving diamond instrument of research and development, because the friction heat is very big during the operation of concrete road surface operation of polishing, grinding load is big, power consumption is also very big, consequently, the research and development of lightweight base plate diamond grinding wheel becomes the urgent need of present market user.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a diamond-impregnated wheel with a light-weight substrate and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a lightweight base plate diamond-impregnated wheel, includes diamond segments, steel mill base member and titanium alloy base member, wherein: the steel grinding disc base body is an annular plane, a plurality of diamond tool bits are uniformly distributed on one surface of the annular steel grinding disc base body, and the other surface of the annular steel grinding disc base body is fixed on the titanium alloy base body.
The number of the diamond tips is 8-14, preferably 12; the diamond tool bit is welded on the steel grinding disc base body; round holes are formed between every two adjacent 1-3 diamond tool bits on the steel grinding disc substrate, preferably, a round hole is formed between every two adjacent diamond tool bits, and the steel grinding disc substrate is fixed on the titanium alloy substrate through counter bore screws.
The titanium alloy substrate is of a circular plate-shaped structure, and a mounting hole is formed in the center of the titanium alloy substrate; the outer diameter of the steel grinding disc base body is slightly larger (larger than 10-20mm) than the diameter of the titanium alloy base body.
The diamond tool bit is of a U-shaped structure, two free ends of the diamond tool bit are arranged on the outer edge of the steel grinding disc base body, and the distance between the U-shaped end and the innermost side of the steel grinding disc base body is 0-10 mm.
The outer diameter of the steel grinding disc base body is 210-250mm, the thickness of the steel grinding disc base body is 2-4mm, and the steel grinding disc base body is made of 45# steel; the thickness of the titanium alloy substrate is 4-7mm, and the material of the titanium alloy substrate is TC4(Ti-6 Al-4V); the thickness of the diamond tool bit is 8-12 mm.
The diamond tool bit is prepared from raw materials including copper, iron, nickel, copper-tin-titanium alloy, tin, chromium, liquid paraffin and diamond, wherein the diamond granularity is 30/40, 40/45 or 45/50, and the diamond compressive strength is 25 kg; the chemical expression of the copper-tin-titanium alloy is (at.%): (Cu)90Sn10)85Ti15(ii) a The diamond tool bit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-35 parts of copper, 30-40 parts of iron, 3-15 parts of nickel, 5-16 parts of copper-tin-titanium alloy, 2-10 parts of tin, 3-10 parts of chromium, 0.4-1.4 parts of liquid paraffin and 1.1-2.5 parts of diamond.
The preparation raw materials of the diamond tool bit are preferably as follows in parts by weight:
23-34 parts of copper, 31-38 parts of iron, 4-13 parts of nickel, 7-15 parts of copper-tin-titanium alloy, 3-8 parts of tin, 4-8 parts of chromium, 0.5-1.2 parts of liquid paraffin and 1.3-2.2 parts of diamond.
The preparation raw materials of the diamond tool bit are preferably as follows in parts by weight:
32 parts of copper, 36 parts of iron, 8 parts of nickel, 14 parts of copper-tin-titanium alloy, 5 parts of tin, 5 parts of chromium, 0.7 part of liquid paraffin and 1.7 parts of diamond.
The preparation method of the diamond-impregnated wheel with the light-weight substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) processing a matrix:
according to the drawing requirements, turning and cutting a titanium alloy substrate and a steel grinding disc substrate with required structures and sizes;
(2) sintering and forming the diamond tool bit:
selecting and weighing copper, iron, nickel, tin, copper-tin-titanium alloy, chromium, liquid paraffin and diamond raw materials according to the raw material composition of the diamond cutter head, uniformly mixing the raw materials in proportion, carrying out cold press molding and hot press sintering on the mixture, and carrying out sandGrinding the wheel abrasive belt to obtain a diamond tool bit; wherein the hot-pressing sintering temperature is 660-750 ℃, and the pressure is 200-250 kg/cm2And keeping the temperature for 2-4 minutes.
(3) Vacuum brazing:
the diamond tool bit and the steel grinding disc substrate are connected through vacuum brazing, and the process is as follows: taking copper-tin-titanium alloy powder (with the particle size of 60-80 microns) as brazing filler metal, uniformly paving the brazing filler metal between the cutter head and the steel grinding disc base body, and then welding the cutter head and the steel grinding disc base body together through vacuum brazing; the welding temperature is 860 ℃ and 890 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5-10min, and the vacuum degree is less than 1 multiplied by 10-2Pa; taking out after heat preservation;
(4) and fixing the steel grinding disc substrate on the titanium alloy substrate through countersunk head screws.
The design principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. through the optimal design of tool bit U type, can improve the air flow with the tool bit when being favorable to high-speed rotation to polish on the one hand than traditional mill, the design of U type can discharge the silt of polishing fast simultaneously, can not influence diamond-impregnated wheel's repetition and polish, reduces ineffectively and polishes.
2. Through the combined design of the matrix, the existing steel matrix is split into two parts, the 45# steel grinding disc matrix is used for welding the diamond tool bit, the other part adopts titanium alloy as a material, the weight of the grinding wheel is greatly reduced, the 45# steel grinding disc matrix can be used by fixedly connecting the titanium alloy matrix with screws, and finally the effects of reducing cost and saving consumption are achieved.
3. The titanium alloy substrate is made of the titanium alloy with better strength, so that the grinding plane precision of the whole grinding wheel can be better controlled by the titanium alloy when the titanium alloy substrate is ground with high requirements on plane verticality and roughness in high-speed grinding, and the diamond grinding wheel with the light-weight substrate has higher grinding correction planeness.
4. According to the invention, a proper amount of copper-tin-titanium alloy is added in the formula of the diamond tool bit, the tool bit is connected with a steel substrate by adopting an optimized vacuum brazing process, and copper-tin-titanium alloy powder is used as brazing filler metal during vacuum brazing; on one hand, after brazing, metallurgical bonding is formed between the copper-tin-titanium alloy in the tool bit and diamond abrasive grains, and the diamond embedding force of the matrix is greatly improved; on the other hand, interdiffusion is formed between the tool bit and the 45# steel substrate after brazing, so that the bonding force between the tool bit and the substrate is improved. Thereby prolonging the service life of the product and improving the market competitiveness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel assembly; wherein: (a) a top view; (b) a cross-sectional view.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel-tool tip combination; wherein: (a) a top view; (b) a cross-sectional view.
FIG. 3 is a drawing of the titanium alloy matrix in a lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel; wherein: (a) a top view; (b) a cross-sectional view.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, the following description is given in conjunction with the examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the present invention, features and advantages.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the invention provides a lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel comprising a diamond tip, a steel disc substrate, and a titanium alloy substrate. The steel grinding disc base body is an annular plane, a plurality of diamond tool bits are uniformly distributed on one surface of the annular steel grinding disc base body, and the other surface of the annular steel grinding disc base body is fixed on the titanium alloy base body.
Fig. 3 shows a circular plate-shaped titanium alloy substrate, the center of which is provided with a mounting hole.
The outer diameter of the steel grinding disc base body is slightly larger than the diameter of the titanium alloy base body, and the difference between the outer diameter of the steel grinding disc base body and the diameter of the titanium alloy base body is 10-20 mm.
The number of the diamond tips is 8-14, preferably 12; the diamond tool bit is welded on the steel grinding disc base body; round holes are formed between every two adjacent 1-3 diamond tool bits on the steel grinding disc substrate, preferably, a round hole is formed between every two adjacent diamond tool bits, and the round holes are used for fixing the steel grinding disc substrate on the titanium alloy substrate through counter bore screws.
The diamond tool bit is of a U-shaped structure, two free ends of the diamond tool bit are arranged on the outer edge of the steel grinding disc base body, and the distance between the U-shaped end and the innermost side of the steel grinding disc base body is 0-10 mm.
The outer diameter of the steel grinding disc base body is 210-250mm, the thickness of the steel grinding disc base body is 2-4mm, and the steel grinding disc base body is made of 45# steel; the thickness of the titanium alloy substrate is 4-7mm, and the material of the titanium alloy substrate is TC4(Ti-6 Al-4V); the thickness of the diamond tool bit is 8-12 mm.
The diamond tool bit is prepared from raw materials including copper, iron, nickel, copper-tin-titanium alloy, tin, chromium, liquid paraffin and diamond, wherein the diamond granularity is 30/40, 40/45 or 45/50, and the diamond compressive strength is 25 kg; the chemical expression of the copper-tin-titanium alloy is (at.%): (Cu)90Sn10)85Ti15。
According to the invention, the grinding block assembly consisting of the diamond tool bit and the steel grinding disc substrate is fixed on the titanium alloy substrate through the counter bore screws to form the reusable diamond grinding disc, the substrate adopts titanium alloy to replace part of steel plates, because the density of titanium is only 60% of that of iron, the titanium alloy is adopted as the substrate, the self weight of the grinding wheel can be greatly reduced, the load of a rotary machine is reduced, the effect of reducing electric energy is achieved, the use weight is light, the carrying is convenient, the titanium alloy substrate plays a role in fixing a mother plate, the grinding is not participated in, the titanium alloy substrate can be reused, and the purposes of reducing cost and improving efficiency are achieved.
Example 1:
this example prepared a lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel as follows:
(1) processing a matrix:
according to the drawing requirements, turning and cutting a titanium alloy substrate and a steel grinding disc substrate with required structures and sizes;
(2) sintering and forming the diamond tool bit:
the diamond tool bit is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 32 parts of copper, 36 parts of iron, 8 parts of nickel, 14 parts of copper-tin-titanium alloy, 5 parts of tin, 5 parts of chromium, 0.7 part of liquid paraffin and 1.7 parts of diamond.
Weighing copper powder, iron, nickel, tin, copper-tin-titanium alloy powder and chromium according to the raw material composition of the diamond tool bit, putting the materials into a mixing barrel, mixing for 30 minutes, adding liquid paraffin and diamond, continuously mixing for 2 hours, and filling the powder into a mold for cold pressing and molding; then heating is carried outPressure sintering, wherein the hot-pressing sintering temperature is 720 ℃, and the pressure is 230kg/cm2And keeping the temperature for 2-4 minutes. And grinding the abrasive belt of the grinding wheel after hot-pressing sintering to obtain the diamond tool bit.
(3) Vacuum brazing:
taking copper-tin-titanium alloy powder (with particle size of 60-80 μm) as brazing filler metal, uniformly spreading the brazing filler metal between the cutter head and the steel grinding disc substrate, performing vacuum brazing at a welding temperature of 880 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8min, and keeping the vacuum degree less than 1 x 10-2Pa; and taking out after heat preservation is finished.
(4) And fixing the steel grinding disc substrate on the titanium alloy substrate through countersunk head screws.
Removing oxide skin on the surface of a matrix caused by welding by using a sand blasting machine for the prepared lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel, then grinding the working surface of a diamond tool bit by using a grinding wheel, exposing the diamond, and then performing surface painting and drying to prevent the surface from rusting.
Example 2:
this example prepared a lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel as follows:
(1) processing a matrix:
according to the drawing requirements, turning and cutting a titanium alloy substrate and a steel grinding disc substrate with required structures and sizes;
(2) sintering and forming the diamond tool bit:
the diamond tool bit is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of copper, 35 parts of iron, 10 parts of nickel, 10 parts of copper-tin-titanium alloy, 5 parts of tin, 6 parts of chromium, 1.0 part of liquid paraffin and 2.0 parts of diamond.
Weighing copper powder, iron, nickel, tin, copper-tin-titanium alloy powder and chromium according to the raw material composition of the diamond tool bit, putting the materials into a mixing barrel, mixing for 30 minutes, adding liquid paraffin and diamond, continuously mixing for 2 hours, and filling the powder into a mold for cold pressing and molding; then hot-pressing sintering is carried out, the hot-pressing sintering temperature is 710 ℃, and the pressure is 230kg/cm2And keeping the temperature for 2-4 minutes. And grinding the abrasive belt of the grinding wheel after hot-pressing sintering to obtain the diamond tool bit.
(3) Vacuum brazing:
copper-tin-titanium alloy powder (with the grain diameter of 60-80 mu m) is used as brazing filler metal, and the brazing filler metal is uniformLaying between the tool bit and the steel grinding disc substrate, vacuum brazing at 880 deg.C for 8min to obtain vacuum degree of less than 1 × 10-2Pa; and taking out after heat preservation is finished.
(4) And fixing the steel grinding disc substrate on the titanium alloy substrate through countersunk head screws.
Removing oxide skin on the surface of a matrix caused by welding by using a sand blasting machine for the prepared lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel, then grinding the working surface of a diamond tool bit by using a grinding wheel, exposing the diamond, and then performing surface painting and drying to prevent the surface from rusting.
Example 3:
this example prepared a lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel as follows:
(1) processing a matrix:
according to the drawing requirements, turning and cutting a titanium alloy substrate and a steel grinding disc substrate with required structures and sizes;
(2) sintering and forming the diamond tool bit:
the diamond tool bit is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of copper, 35 parts of iron, 8 parts of nickel, 10 parts of copper-tin-titanium alloy, 5 parts of tin, 6 parts of chromium, 0.8 part of liquid paraffin and 1.8 parts of diamond.
Weighing copper powder, iron, nickel, tin, copper-tin-titanium alloy powder and chromium according to the raw material composition of the diamond tool bit, putting the materials into a mixing barrel, mixing for 30 minutes, adding liquid paraffin and diamond, continuously mixing for 2 hours, and filling the powder into a mold for cold pressing and molding; then hot-pressing sintering is carried out, the hot-pressing sintering temperature is 720 ℃, and the pressure is 220kg/cm2And keeping the temperature for 2-4 minutes. And grinding the abrasive belt of the grinding wheel after hot-pressing sintering to obtain the diamond tool bit.
(3) Vacuum brazing:
taking copper-tin-titanium alloy powder (with particle size of 60-80 μm) as brazing filler metal, uniformly spreading the brazing filler metal between the cutter head and the steel grinding disc substrate, performing vacuum brazing at a welding temperature of 880 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8min, and keeping the vacuum degree less than 1 x 10-2Pa; and taking out after heat preservation is finished.
(4) And fixing the steel grinding disc substrate on the titanium alloy substrate through countersunk head screws.
Removing oxide skin on the surface of a matrix caused by welding by using a sand blasting machine for the prepared lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel, then grinding the working surface of a diamond tool bit by using a grinding wheel, exposing the diamond, and then performing surface painting and drying to prevent the surface from rusting.
The lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel prepared in example 1 was tested, SEM observation of the surface topography of the diamond segment cross-section revealed that the surface of the diamond abrasive particles was coated with the brazing filler metal, and the diamond surface had a layer of discontinuous and irregular compound, and the results of the energy spectrum analysis showed that the brazing filler metal reacted with the diamond to form TiC, indicating the metallurgical bonding of the diamond abrasive particles with the brazing filler metal in the segment matrix.
Analysis on the interface between the diamond tool bit and the No. 45 steel substrate shows that under the brazing temperature, on one hand, the brazing filler metal realizes metallurgical bonding on diamond grinding materials in the tool bit, on the other hand, components of the liquid brazing filler metal diffuse into the steel substrate, and the steel substrate also dissolves into the liquid brazing filler metal, namely, iron and tin atoms are dissolved and diffused, and metallurgical bonding is realized by means of interatomic mutual diffusion.
The lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheels prepared in examples 1-3 were subjected to a strength test and all had tensile strengths greater than 900 MPa.
Claims (10)
1. A lightweight base plate diamond-impregnated wheel which characterized in that: this lightweight base plate diamond-impregnated wheel includes diamond segments, steel mill base member and titanium alloy base member, wherein: the steel grinding disc base body is an annular plane, a plurality of diamond tool bits are uniformly distributed on one surface of the annular steel grinding disc base body, and the other surface of the annular steel grinding disc base body is fixed on the titanium alloy base body.
2. The light-weight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the diamond tool bits is 8-14; the diamond tool bit is welded on the steel grinding disc base body; and round holes are formed between every two adjacent 1-3 diamond tool bits on the steel grinding disc substrate and are used for fixing the steel grinding disc substrate on the titanium alloy substrate through counter bore screws.
3. The light weight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel according to claim 2, wherein: the titanium alloy substrate is of a circular plate-shaped structure, and a mounting hole is formed in the center of the titanium alloy substrate; the outer diameter of the steel grinding disc base body is slightly larger than the diameter of the titanium alloy base body.
4. The light weight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel according to claim 2, wherein: the diamond tool bit is of a U-shaped structure, two free ends of the diamond tool bit are arranged on the outer edge of the steel grinding disc base body, and the distance between the U-shaped end and the innermost side of the steel grinding disc base body is 0-10 mm.
5. The light-weight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the steel grinding disc base body is 210-250mm, the thickness of the steel grinding disc base body is 2-4mm, and the steel grinding disc base body is made of 45# steel; the thickness of the titanium alloy substrate is 4-7mm, and the material of the titanium alloy substrate is TC4(Ti-6 Al-4V); the thickness of the diamond tool bit is 8-12 mm.
6. The light-weight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel according to claim 1, wherein: the diamond tool bit is prepared from raw materials including copper, iron, nickel, copper-tin-titanium alloy, tin, chromium, liquid paraffin and diamond, wherein the diamond granularity is 30/40, 40/45 or 45/50, and the diamond compressive strength is 25 kg; the chemical expression of the copper-tin-titanium alloy is (at.%): (Cu)90Sn10)85Ti15(ii) a The diamond tool bit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-35 parts of copper, 30-40 parts of iron, 3-15 parts of nickel, 5-16 parts of copper-tin-titanium alloy, 2-10 parts of tin, 3-10 parts of chromium, 0.4-1.4 parts of liquid paraffin and 1.1-2.5 parts of diamond.
7. The light-weight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel according to claim 6, wherein: the diamond tool bit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
23-34 parts of copper, 31-38 parts of iron, 4-13 parts of nickel, 7-15 parts of copper-tin-titanium alloy, 3-8 parts of tin, 4-8 parts of chromium, 0.5-1.2 parts of liquid paraffin and 1.3-2.2 parts of diamond.
8. The light-weight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel according to claim 6, wherein: the diamond tool bit comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
32 parts of copper, 36 parts of iron, 8 parts of nickel, 14 parts of copper-tin-titanium alloy, 5 parts of tin, 5 parts of chromium, 0.7 part of liquid paraffin and 1.7 parts of diamond.
9. The method of making a lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel according to any of claims 1-8, wherein: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) processing a matrix:
according to the drawing requirements, turning and cutting a titanium alloy substrate and a steel grinding disc substrate with required structures and sizes;
(2) sintering and forming the diamond tool bit:
selecting and weighing copper, iron, nickel, tin, copper-tin-titanium alloy, chromium, liquid paraffin and diamond raw materials according to the raw material composition of the diamond tool bit, uniformly mixing the raw materials in proportion, performing cold press molding and hot press sintering, and polishing by using a grinding wheel abrasive belt to obtain the diamond tool bit;
(3) vacuum brazing:
the diamond tool bit and the steel grinding disc substrate are connected through vacuum brazing, and the process is as follows: uniformly paving the brazing filler metal between the cutter head and the steel grinding disc substrate by taking the copper-tin-titanium alloy powder as the brazing filler metal, and then welding the cutter head and the steel grinding disc substrate together through vacuum brazing; the welding temperature is 860 ℃ and 890 ℃, the heat preservation time is 5-10min, and the vacuum degree is less than 1 multiplied by 10-2Pa; taking out after heat preservation;
(4) and fixing the steel grinding disc substrate on the titanium alloy substrate through countersunk head screws.
10. The method of making a lightweight substrate diamond-impregnated wheel according to claim 9, wherein: in the step (2), the hot-pressing sintering temperature is 660-750 ℃, and the pressure is 200-250 kg/cm2Heat preservation time of 2EFor 4 minutes.
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