CN114310032A - High-molybdenum low-alloy welding rod for nuclear-grade equipment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-molybdenum low-alloy welding rod for nuclear-grade equipment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018619 Si-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910008289 Si—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Si: 42-47% Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of welding materials, in particular to a high-molybdenum low-alloy welding rod for nuclear-grade equipment and a preparation method thereof. The welding rod comprises a core wire rod and a coating, and the coating is wrapped on the surface of the core wire; the chemical components of the coating comprise: the medicine powder and the water glass are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10: 2.1-2.3; the medicinal powder comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: ferromolybdenum: 2.0-2.4 parts of carbonate: 40-46 parts of fluoride: 16-20 parts of rutile: 4-7.5 parts of silicon dioxide: 6-8 parts of electrolytic manganese: 3-6 parts of ferrosilicon: 4-7 parts of nickel powder: 2.4-2.6 parts of iron powder: 8-12 parts of soda: 0.6-0.8 part, sodium alginate: 0.6-0.8 parts and graphite: 0.1 to 0.2 portion. Under the condition of high molybdenum alloy, the prepared welding head has excellent low-temperature impact toughness under the same tensile strength and yield strength, the average value of low-temperature impact energy at minus 20 ℃ can reach 150J, and the welding head has stable electric arc, small splashing, good slag removal, attractive forming and good all-position operation performance during welding.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of welding materials, in particular to a high-molybdenum low-alloy welding rod for nuclear-grade equipment and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The low alloy steel welding material is mainly used for welding a nuclear grade main equipment container shell, the base materials mainly comprise 16MND5 steel and 18MND5 steel, and the requirements on the welding seam strength and the low-temperature impact toughness are high. The nuclear grade low alloy steel welding material in China has certain development foundation, but has a larger difference with the imported welding material in the aspects of welding process performance and stability.
In the third generation nuclear power station, the base metal of key parts such as low alloy steel and the like is 16MND5 or SA-508 Gr.3C1.1. The standard used for 16MND5 is RCC-M, while SA-508Gr.3Cl.1 is the ASME standard. Both steel materials have the characteristics of high strength, good toughness, excellent machinability and welding performance, excellent neutron irradiation resistance and the like, and are mainly used for reactor pressure vessel top covers, cylinders, flanges, sealing heads and the like.
At present, the domestic parent metal of nuclear power nuclear island main equipment is made into a domestic state, but the welding of key joints mainly adopts imported welding materials, so that a nuclear-grade low-alloy steel welding material is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a high-molybdenum low-alloy welding rod for nuclear-grade equipment and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem that a welding head made of the existing welding rod is low in impact resistance.
In a first aspect, the application provides a high-molybdenum low-alloy welding rod for nuclear-grade equipment, which comprises a core wire rod and a coating, wherein the coating is wrapped on the surface of the core wire; the chemical components of the coating comprise: the medicine powder and the water glass are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10: 2.1-2.3; the medicinal powder comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: ferromolybdenum: 2.0-2.4 parts of carbonate: 40-46 parts of fluoride: 16-20 parts of rutile: 4-7.5 parts of silicon dioxide: 6-8 parts of electrolytic manganese: 3-6 parts of ferrosilicon: 4-7 parts of nickel powder: 2.4-2.6 parts of iron powder: 8-12 parts of soda: 0.6-0.8 part, sodium alginate: 0.6-0.8 parts and graphite: 0.1 to 0.2 portion.
Optionally, the core wire rod comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c is less than or equal to 0.10, Mn: 0.30 to 0.55 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.007 percent of As, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Optionally, the carbonate comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaCO3More than or equal to 96 percent, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, and the granularity of the carbonate meets the following requirements: the carbonate is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the carbonate sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 97%, and the mass fraction of the carbonate sieved by a 70-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 70%.
Optionally, the fluoride comprises the following components in percentage by mass: CaF2≥96％、SiO2Less than or equal to 3.0 percent, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, wherein the granularity of the fluoride meets the following requirements: the fluoride is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the fluoride sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 97%, and the mass fraction of the fluoride sieved by a 170-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 70%.
Optionally, the rutile composition comprises, in mass fraction: TiO 22More than or equal to 96 percent, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, and the particle size of the rutile meets the following requirements: the rutile is sieved by a 40-mesh sieve, and the mass fraction of the rutile sieved by a 160-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 30 percent.
Optionally, the silica comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 42-47% of Si, less than or equal to 0.50% of C, less than or equal to 0.020% of S and less than or equal to 0.040% of P, wherein the granularity of the silicon dioxide meets the following requirements: the silicon dioxide is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the silicon dioxide sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 98%, and the mass fraction of the silicon dioxide sieved by a 200-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 20%.
Optionally, the electrolytic manganese comprises the following components in percentage by mass: more than or equal to 99.5 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P; in the components of the electrolytic manganese, the sum of the mass fractions of Se, Si and Fe is less than or equal to 0.310%, and the particle size of the electrolytic manganese meets the following requirements: the electrolytic manganese is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the electrolytic manganese sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 98%, and the mass fraction of the electrolytic manganese sieved by a 170-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 50%.
Optionally, the iron powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: sigma Fe is more than or equal to 97 percent, and Si is less than or equal to 0.20 percentC is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, P is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, and the density of the iron powder is 2.9-3.1g/em3The particle size of the iron powder meets the following requirements: the iron powder is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the iron powder sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the mass fraction of the fluoride sieved by a 170-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 20 percent.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method of making the electrode of the first aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
obtaining a medicinal powder containing the chemical components;
uniformly mixing the medicinal powder, and then carrying out wet mixing on the medicinal powder and water glass according to the mass ratio of 10:2.1-2.3 to obtain a mixture;
and preparing a welding rod by using the mixture and the wire rod of the welding core to obtain the high-molybdenum low-alloy steel.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a welding head made from the welding rod of the first aspect, wherein the welding head comprises the following chemical components by mass fraction: mo: 0.42-0.63%, C: 0.072-0.074%, Mn: 1.58-1.61%, Si: 0.29-0.35%, S: 0.0023-0.0028%, P: 0.0050 to 0.0057%, Cr: 0.04-0.045%, Ni: 0.85-0.89%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
according to the welding rod provided by the embodiment of the application, the content of molybdenum in the coating is high, under the condition of high molybdenum alloy, the prepared welding head is excellent in low-temperature impact toughness under the condition of equal tensile strength and yield strength, the average value of the low-temperature impact function at-20 ℃ can reach 150J, and the welding rod is stable in electric arc, small in splashing, good in slag removal, attractive in forming and good in all-position operability during welding.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a high molybdenum low alloy welding rod for nuclear-scale equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a metallographic view of a weld joint, i.e., a deposited metal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In a first aspect, the application provides a high-molybdenum low-alloy welding rod for nuclear-grade equipment, which comprises a core wire rod and a coating, wherein the coating is wrapped on the surface of the core wire; the chemical components of the coating comprise: the medicine powder and the water glass are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10: 2.1-2.3; the medicinal powder comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: ferromolybdenum: 2.0-2.4 parts of carbonate: 40-46 parts of fluoride: 16-20 parts of rutile: 4-7.5 parts of silicon dioxide: 6-8 parts of electrolytic manganese: 3-6 parts of ferrosilicon: 4-7 parts of nickel powder: 2.4-2.6 parts of iron powder: 8-12 parts of soda: 0.6-0.8 part, sodium alginate: 0.6-0.8 parts and graphite: 0.1 to 0.2 portion.
In the embodiment of the application, the ferromolybdenum is controlled to be as follows: 2.0-2.4 parts, wherein the mass fraction of molybdenum in deposited metal in a welding head can be controlled to be 0.42-0.63%, the tensile strength Rm of the deposited metal in a conventional welding material is as follows: when the pressure is 640-705Mpa, the mass fraction of the molybdenum is 0.42-0.63%, the low-temperature impact energy at the temperature of minus 20 ℃ is about 100J, and the single value is unstable. In the application, the average value of the low-temperature impact energy at the temperature of 20 ℃ below zero reaches 150J by controlling the content of molybdenum and the reasonable collocation of other alloy elements.
In some embodiments, the core wire rod comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c is less than or equal to 0.10, Mn: 0.30 to 0.55 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.007 percent of As, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the present application, the reason for controlling the composition of the core wire rod is to control trace elements in the core wire, particularly S, P, As and the like, which have a good effect on the toughness of the deposited metal.
In the embodiment of the application, the diameter deviation of the core wire rod is-0.4 mm- +0.4mm, and the ovality of the core wire rod is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
In the present application, the chemical components of the coating may include: ferromolybdenum: 2.1-2.2 parts of carbonate: 42-44 parts of fluoride: 17-18 parts of rutile: 6-7.5 parts of dioxide: 6.5-7 parts of electrolytic manganese: 4-5 parts of ferrosilicon: 5-6 parts of nickel powder, 2.4-2.5 parts of iron powder: 9-10 parts of soda: 0.7-0.8 part, sodium alginate: 0.6-0.8 parts and graphite: 0.1 to 0.2 portion.
In some embodiments, the carbonate salt comprises, in mass fraction: the content of CaCO3 is more than or equal to 96 percent, the content of S is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, the content of P is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, and the granularity of the carbonate meets the following requirements: the carbonate is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the carbonate sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 97%, and the mass fraction of the carbonate sieved by a 70-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 70%.
In some embodiments, the fluoride comprises, in mass fractions: CaF2≥96％、SiO2Less than or equal to 3.0 percent, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, wherein the granularity of the fluoride meets the following requirements: the fluoride is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the fluoride sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 97%, and the mass fraction of the fluoride sieved by a 170-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 70%.
In some embodiments, the rutile composition comprises, in mass fractions: TiO 22More than or equal to 96 percent, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, and the particle size of the rutile meets the following requirements:the rutile is sieved by a 40-mesh sieve, and the mass fraction of the rutile sieved by a 160-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 30 percent.
In some embodiments, the components of the silica include, in mass fractions: 42-47% of Si, less than or equal to 0.50% of C, less than or equal to 0.020% of S and less than or equal to 0.040% of P, wherein the granularity of the silicon dioxide meets the following requirements: the silicon dioxide is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the silicon dioxide sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 98%, and the mass fraction of the silicon dioxide sieved by a 200-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 20%.
In some embodiments, the electrolytic manganese comprises, in mass fractions: more than or equal to 99.5 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P; in the components of the electrolytic manganese, the sum of the mass fractions of Se, Si and Fe is less than or equal to 0.310%, and the particle size of the electrolytic manganese meets the following requirements: the electrolytic manganese is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the electrolytic manganese sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 98%, and the mass fraction of the electrolytic manganese sieved by a 170-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 50%.
In some embodiments, the components of the iron powder include, in mass fractions: sigma Fe is more than or equal to 97 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.20 percent, C is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, P is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, and the density of the iron powder is 2.9-3.1g/cm3The particle size of the iron powder meets the following requirements: the iron powder is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the fluoride sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 98%, the mass fraction of the fluoride sieved by a 170-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 20%, and the sum of sigma Fe is the total content of Fe.
In the embodiment of the application, the components of the calcined soda comprise: na (Na)2CO3More than or equal to 99 percent of NaCl and less than or equal to 0.7 percent of NaCl, and the particle size of the calcined soda meets the following requirements: the calcined soda is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, and the mass fraction of the calcined soda sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 98 percent; the sodium alginate comprises the following components: na (Na)29.5-13.0% of O, less than or equal to 0.050% of P and 20.0-30.0% of ash, wherein the particle size of the sodium alginate meets the following requirements: sieving the sodium alginate with a 100-mesh sieve; the fixed carbon in the graphite is more than or equal to 90.0 percent, the S is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, the weight loss rate is less than or equal to 2.0 percent, and the granularity of the graphite is 200 meshes.
In the embodiment of the application, the main medicinal powder has the following functions:
carbonate salt: the carbonate is used in the welding rod and is decomposed into CaO and CO under the action of arc heat2The slag-building gas-forming material is used in the manufacture of welding rods and is a common slag-building gas-forming material, the alkalinity of slag is increased, electric arc is stabilized, the interfacial tension and the surface tension between the slag and metal are increased, slag removal is improved, and the S removal capacity is better.
Fluoride: the melting point viscosity of the slag is adjusted, the fluidity of the slag is increased, the physical property of the slag is improved, the slag plays a key role in weld forming, slag removal and the like, and the slag is also a main material for reducing diffusible hydrogen in a weld, but the existence of fluorine can cause unstable electric arc and generate toxic gas.
Rutile: the welding rod mainly has the functions of slag building and arc stabilizing, and the rutile content is added to play a key role in forming a welding seam.
Silicon dioxide: the content of Si element in deposited metal is regulated to benefit the welding process performance, but the mechanical performance is deteriorated, the adding amount of the Si-Fe is required to be controlled, the adding amount of the Si-Fe is 6-8% and is controlled at the lower limit as far as possible.
Iron powder: the addition of the arc stabilizer can improve the deposition efficiency of welding and play a certain role in stabilizing electric arcs.
Electrolytic manganese: the addition of the manganese element can play a role in desulfurization and deoxidation, and can also transition the manganese element to the welding line, thereby improving the strength of the welding line. According to the deposited gold.
The addition of soda ash and sodium alginate is to ensure production and improve press-coating performance.
In the embodiment of the application, the granularity of the chemical components of the powder is controlled, so that the manufactured welding head can keep good aesthetic property, and the welding rod can meet the requirements of baking, surface quality and appearance quality in the aspect of eccentricity.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method of making the electrode of the first aspect, as shown in FIG. 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, obtaining medicinal powder containing the chemical components;
s2, uniformly mixing the medicinal powder, and then carrying out wet mixing on the medicinal powder and water glass according to the mass ratio of 10:2.1-2.3 to obtain a mixture.
And S3, preparing a welding rod by using the mixture and the core wire rod to obtain the high-molybdenum low-alloy steel.
In the embodiment of the application, the molar ratio of potassium to sodium in the water glass is 1: 0.5-1; the density of the water glass is 41-42Be
In a third aspect, the present application provides a welding head made from the welding rod of the first aspect, wherein the welding head comprises the following chemical components by mass fraction: mo: 0.42-0.63%, C: 0.072-0.074%, Mn: 1.58-1.61%, S1: 0.29-0.35%, S: 0.0023-0.0028%, P: 0.0030 to 0.0057%, Cr: 0.04-0.045%, Ni: 0.85-0.89%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the embodiment of the application, the low alloy steel welding material is mainly used for welding the nuclear-grade main equipment container shell, the base material mainly comprises 16MND5 steel and 18MND5 steel, and the requirements on the weld strength and the low-temperature impact toughness are high. For a performance and chemistry determined electrode, the performance and chemistry of the parent material is determined.
As shown in fig. 2, the weld joint in the present example, that is, the deposited metal, is a metallographic view of the deposited metal, and it is understood from the drawing that the metallographic structure is mainly ferrite and bainite. The metallographic structure of the deposited metal is controlled, so that the low-temperature impact toughness of the deposited metal is better. After being subjected to heat treatment in a welding state for 615 multiplied by 20 hours, the deposited metal has the mechanical properties as follows: yield strength rp 0.2: 583-: 640-705MPa, elongation A: 25-30% and the average value of low-temperature impact energy at-20 ℃ is 150J.
The process of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, comparative examples and experimental data.
Example 1
The application provides a high-molybdenum low-alloy welding rod for nuclear-grade equipment, which comprises a core wire rod and a coating, wherein the coating is wrapped on the surface of a core wire; the chemical components of the coating comprise: the medicine powder and the water glass are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10: 2.1-2.3; the medicinal powder comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: ferromolybdenum: 2.0 parts of carbonate: 44 parts of fluoride: 18 parts of rutile: 7.5 parts of silicon dioxide: 7 parts of electrolytic manganese: 5 parts of ferrosilicon: 6 parts of nickel powder: 2.4 parts of iron powder: 9 parts of soda ash: 0.8 part, sodium alginate: 0.8 part and graphite: 0.2 part.
The coating adopted by the welding rod of the embodiment of the application is mainly carbonate, fluoride and alloy, and a small amount of rutile and a press coating improving substance are added at the same time. Preferred carbonate is CaCO3More than or equal to 96 percent, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, and the granularity requirement is that the mixture is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve: 100%, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve: more than or equal to 97 percent, sieving with a 170-mesh sieve: carbonate less than or equal to 70 percent. CaF is preferred among the fluorides2≥96％、SiO2Less than or equal to 3.0 percent, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, and the granularity requirement is that the mixture is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve: 100%, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve: more than or equal to 97 percent, sieving with a 170-mesh sieve: fluoride less than or equal to 70 percent. Preferred of rutile is TiO2More than or equal to 96 percent, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, and the granularity requirement is that the mixture is sieved by a 40-mesh sieve: rutile with the grain size of 160 meshes being less than or equal to 30 percent and not less than 100 percent. Among the silica, Si: 42-47%, C is less than or equal to 0.50%, S is less than or equal to 0.020%, P is less than or equal to 0.040%, and the granularity is required to pass through a 30-mesh sieve: 100%, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve: more than or equal to 98 percent and less than or equal to 20 percent of 200 meshes. The preferable Mn in the electrolytic manganese is more than or equal to 99.5 percent, C is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, P is less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Se + Si + Fe is less than or equal to 0.310 percent, and the granularity requirement is as follows: sieving with a 30-mesh sieve: 100%, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve: more than or equal to 98 percent, and less than or equal to 50 percent of 170 meshes. The preferable iron powder is that Sigma Fe is more than or equal to 97 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.20 percent, C is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, P is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, and the apparent density is 3.0 +/-0.10 g/cm3The granularity is required to be-30 meshes: 100 percent, 40 meshes more than or equal to 98 percent, 170 meshes less than or equal to 20 percent. Preferred of the sodium carbonate is Na2CO3More than or equal to 99 percent, NaCl less than or equal to 0.7 percent, and the granularity requirement is that the mixture is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve: 100. sieving with a 40-mesh sieve: not less than 98% of sodium carbonate. Na is preferred in sodium alginate29.5 to 13.0 percent of O, less than or equal to 0.050 percent of P, 20.0 to 30.0 percent of ash, and the granularity requirement is that the material is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve: 100% sodium alginate; the graphite preferably contains more than or equal to 90.0 percent of fixed carbon, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 2.0 percent of weight loss, and the granularity is required to be 200 meshes: 100% graphite.
The application provides a preparation method of the welding rod, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining a medicinal powder containing the chemical components;
the medicinal powder is uniformly mixed and then is wet-mixed with water glass according to the mass ratio of 10:2.1-2.3 to obtain a mixture.
And preparing a welding rod by using the mixture and the wire rod of the welding core to obtain the high-molybdenum low-alloy steel.
Specifically, the medicinal powder is uniformly mixed, water glass with the potassium-sodium ratio of 1: 1 at 20 ℃ and the Baume density of 41-42Be is added, wherein the weight percentage of the water glass accounts for 21-23 wt% of the medicinal powder, and wet mixing is carried out. The electrode preparation is carried out on oil pressure type electrode production equipment by adopting a special H08G core wire.
The diameter deviation of the H08G welding core wire rod is +/-0.4 mm, and the ovality of the wire rod is less than or equal to 0.5 mm. The H08G core wire comprises the following components of C less than or equal to 0.10, Mn: 0.30 to 0.55 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.007 percent of As, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The deposited metal components obtained after welding are as follows: mo: 0.42%, C: 0.072%, Mn: 1.58%, Si: 0.29%, S: 0.0026%, P: 0.0050%, Cr: 0.04%, Cu: 0.016%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Example 2
The rest is the same as example 1, except that: the medicine powder comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: ferromolybdenum: 2.2 parts of carbonate: 44 parts of fluoride: 18 parts of rutile: 7.5 parts of silicon dioxide: 7 parts of electrolytic manganese: 5 parts of ferrosilicon: 6 parts of nickel powder: 2.4 parts of iron powder: 9 parts of soda ash: 0.8 part, sodium alginate: 0.8 part and graphite: 0.2 part;
the deposited metal components obtained after welding are as follows: mo: 0.48%, C: 0.072%, Mn: 1.58%, Si: 0.29%, S: 0.0026%, P: 0.0050%, Cr: 0.04%, Cu: 0.016%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities in example 3
The rest is the same as example 2, except that: the medicine powder comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: ferromolybdenum: 2.4 parts of carbonate: 44 parts of fluoride: 18 parts of rutile: 7.5 parts of silicon dioxide: 7 parts of electrolytic manganese: 5 parts of ferrosilicon: 6 parts of nickel powder: 2.4 parts of iron powder: 9 parts of soda ash: 0.8 part, sodium alginate: 0.8 part and graphite: 0.2 part.
The deposited metal components obtained after welding are as follows: mo: 0.52%, C: 0.072%, Mn: 1.58%, Si: 0.29%, S: 0.0026%, P: 0.0050%, Cr: 0.04%, Cu: 0.016%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities
The deposited metal was detected by welding a test plate, and the detection results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 mechanical properties and related parameters of the welded joints in the examples and comparative examples.
The welding rod for the high-molybdenum low-alloy steel nuclear-grade main equipment, which is implemented in the embodiment 1-3, has the advantages of stable electric arc, small splashing, good slag detachability, excellent all-position welding performance, attractive welding seam forming and moderate welding bead height when direct-current reverse welding is adopted. The average value of the impact energy of the deposited metal at the low temperature of-20 ℃ is more than or equal to 120J. In the comparative example, the average value of the impact energy at a low temperature of-20 ℃ was 100J.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The welding rod for the nuclear-grade equipment is characterized by comprising a core wire rod and a coating, wherein the coating is wrapped on the surface of the core wire; the chemical components of the coating comprise: the medicine powder and the water glass are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10: 2.1-2.3; the medicinal powder comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: ferromolybdenum: 2.0-2.4 parts of carbonate: 40-46 parts of fluoride: 16-20 parts of rutile: 4-7.5 parts of silicon dioxide: 6-8 parts of electrolytic manganese: 3-6 parts of ferrosilicon: 4-7 parts of nickel powder: 2.4-2.6 parts of iron powder: 8-12 parts of soda: 0.6-0.8 part, sodium alginate: 0.6-0.8 parts and graphite: 0.1 to 0.2 portion.
2. The welding electrode as defined in claim 1, wherein the composition of said core wire rod comprises, in mass fraction: c is less than or equal to 0.10, Mn: 0.30 to 0.55 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.007 percent of As, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. The welding electrode as defined in claim 1, wherein the composition of said carbonate comprises, in mass fraction: CaCO3More than or equal to 96 percent, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, and the granularity of the carbonate meets the following requirements: the carbonate is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the carbonate sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 97%, and the mass fraction of the carbonate sieved by a 70-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 70%.
4. The welding electrode as defined in claim 1, characterized in that said fluoride has a composition comprising, in mass fraction:CaF2≥96％、SiO2less than or equal to 3.0 percent, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, wherein the granularity of the fluoride meets the following requirements: the fluoride is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the fluoride sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 97%, and the mass fraction of the fluoride sieved by a 170-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 70%.
5. The welding electrode as defined in claim 1, wherein said rutile composition comprises, in mass fraction: TiO 22More than or equal to 96 percent, less than or equal to 0.03 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.03 percent of P, and the particle size of the rutile meets the following requirements: the rutile is sieved by a 40-mesh sieve, and the mass fraction of the rutile sieved by a 160-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 30 percent.
6. The welding electrode as defined in claim 1, wherein said silica has a composition comprising, in mass fraction: 42-47% of Si, less than or equal to 0.50% of C, less than or equal to 0.020% of S and less than or equal to 0.040% of P, wherein the granularity of the silicon dioxide meets the following requirements: the silicon dioxide is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the silicon dioxide sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 98%, and the mass fraction of the silicon dioxide sieved by a 200-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 20%.
7. The welding electrode as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrolytic manganese has a composition comprising, in mass fraction: more than or equal to 99.5 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P; in the components of the electrolytic manganese, the sum of the mass fractions of Se, Si and Fe is less than or equal to 0.310%, and the particle size of the electrolytic manganese meets the following requirements: the electrolytic manganese is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, the mass fraction of the electrolytic manganese sieved by a 40-mesh sieve is more than or equal to 98%, and the mass fraction of the electrolytic manganese sieved by a 170-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 50%.
8. The welding electrode as defined in claim 1, wherein said iron powder comprises, in mass fraction: more than or equal to 97 percent of Sigma Fe, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, and the density of the iron powder is 2.9-3.1g/cm3The particle size of the iron powder meets the following requirements: the iron powder is sieved by a 30-mesh sieve, and the iron powder sieved by a 40-mesh sieveThe mass fraction of the fluoride is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the mass fraction of the fluoride passing through a 170-mesh sieve is less than or equal to 20 percent.
9. A method of preparing the welding electrode as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said method comprises the steps of:
obtaining a medicinal powder containing the chemical components;
uniformly mixing the medicinal powder, and then carrying out wet mixing on the medicinal powder and water glass according to the mass ratio of 10:2.1-2.3 to obtain a mixture;
and preparing a welding rod by using the mixture and the wire rod of the welding core to obtain the high-molybdenum low-alloy steel.
10. A welding head made with the electrode as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the chemical composition of said welding head comprises, in mass fraction: mo: 0.42-0.63%, C: 0.072-0.074%, Mn: 1.58-1.61%, Si: 0.29-0.35%, S: 0.0023-0.0028%, P: 0.0050 to 0.0057%, Cr: 0.04-0.045%, Ni: 0.85-0.89%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
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