CN114309679B

CN114309679B - Numerical control main shaft

Info

Publication number: CN114309679B
Application number: CN202111665093.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董莉
Original assignee: Jiangsu Engel Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Engel Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-12-31
Filing date: 2021-12-31
Publication date: 2023-01-20
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-31
Also published as: CN114309679A

Abstract

The invention discloses a numerical control main shaft, which belongs to the technical field of machining and comprises a shell and a rotatable inner shaft arranged in the shell, wherein one end of the inner shaft, which extends out of the shell, is provided with a mounting hole for mounting a tool apron; a driving device which can slide along the axial direction is arranged in the shell and comprises a sealing plate and a compression ring, and when the shell is in a compression state, the sealing plate and the compression ring are not in contact with the inner shaft; when the compression ring is contacted with the driving rod, the clamping bar is in a moving state; when the sealing plate is contacted with the inner shaft, a first cavity is formed and is communicated with the mounting hole. Compared with the prior art, when the inner shaft rotates, the inner shaft is connected with the output shaft driving the inner shaft to rotate and is not in contact with other devices, the generated friction is small, the inner shaft rotates more stably, and when the tool apron is released, the inner part of the mounting hole is blown and cleaned.

Description

Numerical control main shaft

Technical Field

The invention relates to a numerical control main shaft, and belongs to the technical field of machining.

Background

Numerically controlled fraise machine and machining center are in the course of working, the rotation that utilizes the main shaft is processed the work piece, conventional main shaft is owing to be provided with the device that the control blade holder presss from both sides tightly or drop, other non-rotatable parts that lead to the main shaft can contact at the pivoted in-process, frictional force is big, can wear and tear seriously after using for a long time, the life-span reduces, the blade holder is taking out the back, need clear up the inside of blade holder through the air gun, because the air gun outside-in is cleared up, iron fillings then are changeed and are blown in inside the device, cause the damage to the device.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a numerical control main shaft which is smaller in friction force and has a self-cleaning function.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a numerical control spindle comprises a shell and a rotatable inner shaft arranged in the shell, wherein one end, extending out of the shell, of the inner shaft is provided with a mounting hole for mounting a tool apron, compression balls for clamping the tool apron are arranged in the side wall of the mounting hole, the outer side of each compression ball is correspondingly provided with a movable abutting strip, each abutting strip is driven by a driving rod, a groove is formed in each abutting strip, when the groove moves to one side of each compression ball, each compression ball is in a non-compression tool apron state, and when the non-groove position on each abutting strip moves to one side of each compression ball, each compression ball is in a compression state of each compression tool apron;

a driving device capable of sliding along the axial direction is installed in the shell and comprises a sealing plate and a compression ring, and when the shell is in a compression state, the sealing plate and the compression ring are not in contact with the inner shaft; when the compression ring is contacted with the driving rod, the clamping bar is in a moving state; when the seal plate is in contact with the inner shaft, a first chamber is formed, which communicates with the mounting hole.

Preferably, the housing is externally mounted with a drive wheel mounted on the inner shaft by an output shaft.

Preferably, a circular plate which slides along the length direction of the inner shaft is installed in the inner shaft, the plurality of abutting strips are all installed on the circular plate, a second elastic body is installed in the inner shaft and abuts against the circular plate, and one end of the driving rod is fixed on the surface of the circular plate.

Preferably, a sealing sleeve is fixed inside the housing, the sealing sleeve is arranged outside the output shaft and is not in contact with the output shaft, a driving plate capable of sliding along the length direction of the housing is installed between the sealing sleeve and the housing, a telescopic ring is installed at the bottom of the driving plate, the sealing plate is fixed on the telescopic ring, and the compression ring is fixed on the sealing plate.

Preferably, the telescopic ring comprises an outer ring and an inner ring, the outer ring is fixedly connected with the drive plate, the inner ring is fixedly connected with the sealing plate, one end of the inner ring can penetrate into the outer ring, a ring cavity is formed in the middle of the outer ring, a first elastic body is installed in the ring cavity, and one end of the first elastic body abuts against the inner ring.

Preferably, a gas nozzle is installed inside the installation hole, a plurality of first vent pipes communicated with the gas nozzle are arranged in the inner shaft, the first vent pipes are all communicated with a second vent pipe, and one end of the second vent pipe extends to the end part of the inner shaft and is communicated with the first chamber.

Preferably, a space enclosed by the shell, the drive plate and the sealing sleeve is a second chamber, an air inlet pipe is arranged outside the shell, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with the second chamber.

Preferably, both ends of the inner shaft are connected to the housing by a plurality of bearings.

Preferably, the second elastic body is a high-pressure spring.

Compared with the prior art, the inner shaft is rotatably arranged in the shell through the bearing, when the inner shaft rotates, the inner shaft is connected with an output shaft which drives the inner shaft to rotate and is not contacted with other devices, generated friction is small, the inner shaft rotates more stably, when the tool apron is released, the pressing ring applies pressure to the driving rod to release the tool apron, after the tool apron is released, the driving plate continues to move to compress the volume inside the first chamber, air in the first chamber is injected into the gas nozzle through the second vent pipe and the first vent pipe, and the gas nozzle sprays air from the gas nozzle to the inside of the mounting hole to blow and clean the inside of the mounting hole.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a connection view of the telescopic ring and the inner shaft of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an internal partial cross-sectional view of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a connection view of the driving rod, the circular plate and the abutting strip according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an internal cross-sectional view of the slip ring of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the gas inlet pipe comprises a gas inlet pipe body 2, a driving plate 3, a telescopic ring 31, an outer ring 32, a first elastic body 33, an inner ring 4, a sealing plate 5, a compression ring 6, a shell 7, a driving rod 8, a second vent pipe 9, an inner shaft 10, a second elastic body 11, a first vent pipe 12, a gas nozzle 13, a compression ball 14, a groove 15, a clamping strip 16, an output shaft 17, a sealing sleeve 18, a driving wheel 19, a first cavity 20, a second cavity 21 and a circular plate.

Detailed Description

The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1-5: in the embodiment, the provided numerical control spindle comprises a housing 6 and an inner shaft 9 which is installed inside the housing 6 and can rotate, two ends of the inner shaft 9 are connected with the housing 6 through a plurality of bearings, the bearings are arranged at a gap between the housing 6 and the inner shaft 9, the inner wall of each bearing is fixed outside the inner shaft 9, the outer wall of each bearing is fixed inside the housing 6 and is connected through the corresponding bearing, the inner shaft 9 rotates more stably, a driving wheel 18 is installed outside the housing 6, the driving wheel 18 is installed on the inner shaft 9 through an output shaft 16, the driving wheel 18 is driven by a motor inside a machine tool, the driving wheel 18 rotates to drive the inner shaft 9 to rotate through the output shaft 16, one end of the inner shaft 9, which extends out of the housing 6, is provided with a mounting hole for installing a tool apron, the inside of the mounting hole is a taper hole, the taper surface is matched with the tool apron, and a pull nail at one end of the tool apron can go deep into the mounting hole, the side wall of the mounting hole is internally provided with a pressing ball body 13 for clamping the tool apron, when the tool apron is fixed, the tool apron is inserted into the mounting hole, the pressing ball body 13 is clamped at the outer side of the end part of the blind rivet, the tool apron is clamped in the mounting hole by inward extrusion, and the shape of the blind rivet is a component commonly used by the existing milling cutter, so the invention is not specifically described, the outer side of each pressing ball body 13 is correspondingly provided with a movable abutting strip 15, the abutting strips 15 are driven by a driving rod 7, a circular plate 21 sliding along the length direction of an inner shaft 9 is arranged in the inner shaft 9, a plurality of abutting strips 15 are arranged on the circular plate 21, an elastic body two 10 is arranged in the inner shaft 9, the elastic body two 10 is a high-pressure spring, the elastic body two 10 abuts on the circular plate 21, one end of the inner shaft 9 inserted into the shell 6 is provided with a hollow groove, the outer side wall of the hollow groove is arranged, one end of the driving rod 7 is fixed on the surface of the circular plate 21, one end of the driving rod 7, which is far away from the circular plate 21, extends into the hollow groove, a groove 14 is formed in the abutting strip 15, when the groove 14 moves to one side of the pressing sphere 13, the pressing sphere 13 is in a non-pressing cutter seat state, when the non-groove 14 position on the abutting strip 15 moves to one side of the pressing sphere 13, the pressing sphere 13 is in a pressing state of the pressing cutter seat, the abutting strip 15 has magnetism, when the groove 14 is formed in one side of the pressing sphere 13, the magnetism of the abutting strip 15 attracts the pressing sphere 13 to one side close to the groove 14, the cutter seat can move in the mounting hole at will, when the non-groove 14 position on the abutting strip 15 is arranged on one side of the pressing sphere 13, the abutting strip 15 can push the sphere to the inside of the mounting hole, the moving mode of the abutting strip 15 is axially moving along the inner shaft 9, when the inner shaft 9 rotates, the ball cannot be influenced by centripetal force to move, and the abutting sphere is firmer.

The driving device capable of sliding along the axial direction is installed inside the shell 6, a sealing sleeve 17 is fixed inside the shell 6, the sealing sleeve 17 is arranged outside the output shaft 16, the sealing sleeve 17 is not in contact with the output shaft 16, the sealing sleeve 17 is sleeved outside the output shaft 16, one end of the sealing sleeve 17 is fixed at an end cover of the shell 6, when the output shaft 16 rotates, the sealing sleeve 17 and the output shaft 16 do not generate friction, a driving plate 2 capable of sliding along the length direction of the shell 6 is installed between the sealing sleeve 17 and the shell 6, a space defined by the shell 6, the driving plate 2 and the sealing sleeve 17 is a second cavity 20, an air inlet pipe 1 is arranged outside the shell 6, the air inlet pipe 1 is communicated with the second cavity 20, when gas is injected towards the inside of the second cavity 20 through the air inlet pipe 1, the pressure inside the second cavity 20 is increased, and the driving plate 2 is driven to slide, the moving mode of the driving plate 2 can be driven by other modes such as an oil cylinder and the like, and is not limited to gas driving, the driving device comprises a sealing plate 4 and a pressing ring 5, the bottom of the driving plate 2 is provided with a telescopic ring 3, the telescopic ring 3 comprises an outer ring 31 and an inner ring 33, the outer ring 31 is fixedly connected with the driving plate 2, the inner ring 33 is fixedly connected with the sealing plate 4, one end of the inner ring 33 can penetrate into the outer ring 31, the middle part of the outer ring 31 is provided with a ring cavity, an elastic body I32 is arranged in the ring cavity, one end of the elastic body I32 is tightly pressed against the inner ring 33, the inner ring 33 can slide in the outer ring 31, the elastic body I32 can be a spring, the inner ring 33 has a potential energy capable of sliding outwards under the action of the elastic body I32, the telescopic ring 3 can be compressed only by applying pressure on the inner ring 33, the sealing plate 4 is fixed on the telescopic ring 3, and the pressing ring 5 is fixed on the sealing plate 4, when the sealing plate is in a compression state, the sealing plate 4 and the compression ring 5 are not in contact with the inner shaft 9, and when the inner shaft 9 rotates, friction is not generated between the sealing plate and the inner shaft 9; when the compression ring 5 is in contact with the driving rod 7, the abutting strip 15 is in a moving state, and the compression ring 5 applies pressure to the driving rod 7 to push the driving rod 7 to move; when the sealing plate 4 is in contact with the inner shaft 9, a first chamber 19 is formed, the sealing plate 4 is in contact with the end of the inner shaft 9, the sealing plate 4 and the inner shaft 9 are in a sealing state, as shown in fig. 3, the first chamber 19 can be formed inside the driving device and the inner side of the inner shaft 9, the first chamber 19 is communicated with the mounting hole, the gas nozzle 12 is installed inside the mounting hole, a plurality of first vent pipes 11 communicated with the gas nozzle 12 are arranged in the inner shaft 9, the vent pipes 11 are all communicated with the vent pipes 8, one end of each vent pipe 8 extends to the end of the inner shaft 9 to be communicated with the first chamber 19, after the first chamber 19 is formed, the driving plate 2 can continuously compress the volume inside of the first chamber 19, and the first chamber 19 injects the air inside into the mounting hole from the nozzle through the vent pipes 11 and the vent pipes 8 to clean the inside of the mounting hole.

The working principle is as follows: the state that this device presss from both sides tight blade holder does: the driving device is not contacted with the inner shaft 9 and parts on the inner shaft 9, under the action of a high-pressure spring, the circular plate 21 is arranged on one side away from the tool apron, the non-groove 14 position of the abutting strip 15 is arranged on one side of the pressing ball 13, the abutting strip 15 extrudes the pressing ball 13, the tool apron is extruded and fixed by the pressing ball 13, the motor on the machine tool drives the driving wheel 18 to rotate, the driving wheel 18 drives the inner shaft 9 to rotate through the output shaft 16, and the inner shaft 9 drives the tool apron to rotate, so that the cutting work is completed.

When the tool apron needs to be released, the inner shaft 9 stops rotating, a valve communicated with the gas inlet pipe 1 is opened, the gas inlet pipe 1 injects high-pressure gas into the inside of a second cavity 20, the air pressure in the second cavity 20 increases to drive the driving plate 2 to slide downwards, when the pressing ring 5 is in contact with the driving rod 7, the circular plate 21 and the abutting strip 15 are driven to slide downwards, when the abutting strip 15 slides to one side of the groove 14 arranged on one side of the pressing ball 13, the pressing ball 13 moves to one side of the groove 14, no pressure is applied to a rivet of the tool apron by the pressing ball 13, the tool taking operation is completed, after the tool taking is completed, the driving plate 2 continues to move downwards, after the sealing plate 4 is in contact with the inner shaft 9, a first cavity 19 is formed, the driving plate 2 continues to move downwards, the inner ring 33 compresses the first elastomer 32 to slide towards the inside of the outer ring 31, the inner space of the first cavity 19 is reduced, the pressure intensity of the first cavity is increased, the gas is injected into the mounting hole through a second vent pipe 8, the first vent pipe 11 and the gas is directly inserted into the mounting hole, and the valve is closed, and the abutting strip 15 slides towards the tool apron and the tool can be tightly pressed.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating and not limiting the technical solutions of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all modifications or partial substitutions should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The numerical control spindle is characterized by comprising a shell (6) and a rotatable inner shaft (9) arranged in the shell (6), wherein one end, extending out of the shell (6), of the inner shaft (9) is provided with a mounting hole for mounting a tool apron, a pressing ball (13) for clamping the tool apron is arranged in the side wall of the mounting hole, the outer side of each pressing ball (13) is correspondingly provided with a movable abutting strip (15), each abutting strip (15) is driven by a driving rod (7), a groove (14) is formed in each abutting strip (15), when the groove (14) moves to one side of each pressing ball (13), each pressing ball (13) is in a non-pressing tool apron state, and when the position of each non-groove (14) in each abutting strip (15) moves to one side of each pressing ball (13), each pressing ball (13) is in a pressing state for pressing the tool apron;

a driving device capable of sliding along the axial direction is installed in the shell (6), the driving device comprises a sealing plate (4) and a compression ring (5), and when the driving device is in a compression state, the sealing plate (4) and the compression ring (5) are not in contact with the inner shaft (9); when the compression ring (5) is contacted with the driving rod (7), the abutting strip (15) is in a moving state; when the sealing plate (4) is contacted with the inner shaft (9), a first cavity (19) is formed, and the first cavity (19) is communicated with the mounting hole;

a driving wheel (18) is arranged outside the shell (6), and the driving wheel (18) is arranged on the inner shaft (9) through an output shaft (16);

a sealing sleeve (17) is fixed inside the shell (6), the sealing sleeve (17) is arranged outside the output shaft (16), the sealing sleeve (17) is not in contact with the output shaft (16), a driving plate (2) capable of sliding along the length direction of the shell (6) is installed between the sealing sleeve (17) and the shell (6), a telescopic ring (3) is installed at the bottom of the driving plate (2), the sealing plate (4) is fixed on the telescopic ring (3), and the compression ring (5) is fixed on the sealing plate (4);

the telescopic ring (3) comprises an outer ring (31) and an inner ring (33), the outer ring (31) is fixedly connected with the drive plate (2), the inner ring (33) is fixedly connected with the sealing plate (4), one end of the inner ring (33) can penetrate into the outer ring (31), a ring cavity is formed in the middle of the outer ring (31), a first elastomer (32) is installed in the ring cavity, and one end of the first elastomer (32) is abutted against the inner ring (33).

2. A numerical control spindle according to claim 1, wherein a circular plate (21) is installed in the inner shaft (9) and slides along the length direction of the inner shaft (9), a plurality of the abutting strips (15) are installed on the circular plate (21), a second elastic body (10) is installed in the inner shaft (9), the second elastic body (10) abuts against the circular plate (21), and one end of the driving rod (7) is fixed on the surface of the circular plate (21).

3. A numerical control spindle according to claim 1, wherein the gas nozzle (12) is installed inside the installation hole, a plurality of first vent pipes (11) communicated with the gas nozzle (12) are arranged in the inner shaft (9), the plurality of first vent pipes (11) are communicated with a second vent pipe (8), and one end of the second vent pipe (8) extends to the end of the inner shaft (9) and is communicated with the first chamber (19).

4. A numerical control main shaft according to claim 1, wherein a space enclosed by the housing (6), the drive plate (2) and the sealing sleeve (17) is a second chamber (20), an air inlet pipe (1) is arranged outside the housing (6), and the air inlet pipe (1) is communicated with the second chamber (20).

5. A numerically controlled spindle according to claim 1, characterised in that both ends of the inner shaft (9) are connected to the housing (6) by means of bearings.

6. A numerically controlled spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that the second elastomer (10) is a high-pressure spring.