CN114309606B - Single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single-blade and powder disk double-alloy blisk and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: splicing the rabbets of the high-temperature alloy blades with splicing holes of the splicing fixture to obtain blade rings, and manufacturing shells on the surfaces of the high-temperature alloy blades in the blade rings; placing the alloy disc blank into an inner cavity of a blade ring with a shell, and carrying out machining and gap assembly; combining the upper cover of the sheath, the lower cover of the sheath and the blade ring with the shell after the gap assembly, and welding the joint of the upper cover of the sheath and the lower cover of the sheath after the combination to obtain a combined sheath; the upper cover of the sheath is provided with a sheath mouth; loading high-temperature alloy powder into a combined sheath through a sheath nozzle, simultaneously carrying out dynamic thermal degassing and vibration compaction, and then sealing and welding the sheath nozzle to obtain a closed sheath; performing hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection on the airtight sheath; the rabbet of the superalloy blade comprises a boss shape. The preparation method does not need a complex welding process, the blades are accurately positioned, and the prepared blisk has high diffusion connection qualification rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal processing, in particular to a single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The blades of the double-alloy blisk and the turbine disc part adopt two alloys with different characteristics, so that the rotor blade part has good high-temperature performance, the disc part has high yield strength and good low-cycle fatigue performance. Compared with the integral casting impeller, the integral impeller has the performance of the center and the edge; compared with a blade disc structure connected with mechanical tenons, the blade disc structure can greatly reduce machining amount, lighten turbine weight and improve turbine rotating speed and performance. In order to meet the requirements of high performance, long service life and high reliability of the new generation of aero-engines, the temperature bearing capacity of the turbine rotor is further improved, and thus the comprehensive performance of the engines is improved, and development of double-alloy blisks in which single-crystal blades or oriented blades are in diffusion connection with powder discs is highly demanded. Because the preparation process of casting the high-temperature alloy single-crystal blade/directional blade is complex, the blade ring is difficult to cast directly, and only a single blade can be cast, the problem of positioning the single blade must be solved when the single-crystal blade/directional blade is in diffusion connection with the powder disk to prepare the blisk.
In the prior art, the blades are mounted in a sheath made of low-carbon steel, positioned and fixed by utilizing a pre-positioned insert, and then hot isostatic pressing is carried out, so that the dissimilar alloy diffusion connection of the single blades is realized. The disadvantage of this method is that the number of blades available is limited, being only suitable for solid blades without cooling channels, while hollow blades are difficult to use.
The prior art is to locate the blade root in a retainer ring made of mild steel and to fix it by brazing, then to mount the retainer ring with blades on the outer surface of the disc portion, to seal the junction area of the disc and the blade root in a sheath and to diffusion bond it by hot isostatic pressing. The method is applicable to the diffusion connection of the monocrystalline blade with the cooling channel and the powder disk, but has the defects that in the high-temperature and high-pressure process, the positioning precision of the blade is insufficient, so that the connection of the blade root and the fixed ring is insufficient in air tightness in the radial direction, thereby causing the air leakage of the sheath and affecting the diffusion connection.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a preparation method of a single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk, which comprises the following steps:
splicing the rabbets of the high-temperature alloy blades with splicing holes of the splicing fixture to obtain blade rings, and manufacturing shells on the surfaces of the high-temperature alloy blades in the blade rings to obtain blade rings with shells; placing an alloy disc blank in an inner cavity of the blade ring with the shell, performing machining and gap assembly to obtain an assembly, combining a sheath upper cover, a sheath lower cover and the assembly, and welding the joint of the combined sheath upper cover and the combined sheath lower cover to obtain a combined sheath;
the upper cover of the sheath is provided with a sheath mouth;
loading high-temperature alloy powder into the combined sheath through the sheath nozzle, simultaneously carrying out dynamic thermal degassing and vibration compaction, and then sealing and welding the sheath nozzle to obtain a closed sheath; performing hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection on the airtight sheath;
the rabbet of the superalloy blade comprises a boss shape.
The preparation method of the single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk is simple to operate, does not need a complex welding process, can accurately position blades, and has high diffusion connection qualification rate.
The invention also relates to a single-blade and powder disk double-alloy blisk, which is prepared by the preparation method of the blisk.
The single blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk has high diffusion connection qualification rate, and the blades can be accurately positioned.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The preparation method of the single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk provided by the invention is simple to operate, does not need a complex welding process, has the advantages that the tenons of the high-temperature alloy blades are boss-shaped, can be accurately embedded in the splicing holes of the splicing rings, can realize the accurate positioning of the blades, has a shell structure wrapped outside the blades, and is welded into an integral combined sheath through a stainless steel sheath, so that the welding between dissimilar alloys is avoided, the diffusion connection qualification rate of the blisk is improved, the diffusion connection joint of the high-temperature alloy blades and the alloy disc blank is free from cracks, microscopic holes, inclusions and other defects, obvious diffusion zones exist, the interface is compact and complete, and the diffusion connection qualification rate of the prepared blisk is high.
(2) The single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk provided by the invention has high diffusion connection qualification rate, and the diffusion connection joint of the high-temperature alloy blade and the alloy disc blank has no cracks, microscopic holes, inclusions and other defects, has obvious diffusion zones, and has a compact and complete interface.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of parts of a single blade and powder disk dual alloy blisk provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a blade boss-shaped tenon provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of a metallographic examination result of a diffusion joint of a single blade and powder disk dual alloy blisk according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-sheath lower cover, 2-superalloy blade, 3-splice ring, 4-alloy disc blank and 5-sheath upper cover.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples described below are some, but not all, examples of the present invention, and are intended to be illustrative of the present invention only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk, which comprises the following steps:
splicing the rabbets of the high-temperature alloy blades with splicing holes of the splicing fixture to obtain blade rings, and manufacturing shells on the surfaces of the high-temperature alloy blades in the blade rings to obtain blade rings with shells; placing an alloy disc blank in an inner cavity of the blade ring with the shell, machining and assembling in a clearance mode to obtain an assembly body, combining a sheath upper cover, a sheath lower cover and the assembly body, and welding the joint of the combined sheath upper cover and the combined sheath lower cover to obtain a combined sheath;
the upper cover of the sheath is provided with a sheath mouth;
loading high-temperature alloy powder into the combined sheath through the sheath nozzle, simultaneously carrying out dynamic thermal degassing and vibration compaction, and then sealing and welding the sheath nozzle to obtain a closed sheath; performing hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection on the airtight sheath;
the rabbet of the superalloy blade comprises a boss shape.
The preparation method of the single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk is simple to operate, does not need a complex welding process, can accurately position blades, and has high diffusion connection qualification rate.
Preferably, the superalloy blade comprises a directionally solidified superalloy blade or a single crystal superalloy blade.
Preferably, the shell manufacturing specifically includes: coating the coating on the surface of the superalloy blade, drying, polishing, reinforcing and roasting the dried superalloy blade.
Preferably, the coating is a conventional coating in the art.
Preferably, the applying and the drying are performed 7 to 9 times (e.g., 7 times, 8 times, or 9 times), respectively.
Preferably, the gap assembly has a gap amount of 0.1 to 2mm (e.g., 0.1mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.7mm, 1.9mm, or 2.0 mm).
Preferably, the joint of the combined upper cover of the sheath and the combined lower cover of the sheath is welded by argon arc welding.
Preferably, the welding current of the argon arc welding is 130-280A (for example 130A, 140A, 150A, 180A, 200A, 220A, 240A, 260A or 280A).
Preferably, the superalloy powder is packed into the composite jacket under vacuum.
Preferably, the vacuum condition has a vacuum degree of 10 -2 ～10 -3 Pa。
Preferably, the brand of the superalloy powder comprises: at least one of Rene 104, alloy10 and Udimet 720 Li.
Preferably, the superalloy powder has a particle size of 0-150 μm.
Preferably, the encapsulation mouth is sealed by adopting electron beam vacuum encapsulation.
Preferably, the electron beam vacuum sealing is performed 1 to 3 times.
Preferably, the accelerating voltage of the electron beam vacuum sealing welding is 50-80 kV (such as 50kV, 60kV, 70kV or 80 kV).
Preferably, the temperature of the HIP diffusion bond is 1100-1230 ℃ (e.g., 1100 ℃, 1160 ℃, 1170 ℃, 1180 ℃, 1190 ℃, 1200 ℃, or 1230 ℃).
Preferably, the pressure of the HIP diffusion bond is 110 to 130MPa (e.g., 110MPa, 115MPa, 120MPa, 125MPa, or 130 MPa).
Preferably, the time for the HIP diffusion bonding is 2-4 hours (e.g., 2 hours, 2.5 hours, 3 hours, 3.5 hours, or 4 hours).
Preferably, the preparation method of the single-blade and powder disk dual-alloy blisk further comprises the following steps: and carrying out metallographic examination on the connection interface of the hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection.
Preferably, the dual alloy blisk subjected to metallographic examination is heat treated.
The heat treatment can further perfect the tissue and performance of the blisk.
The invention also relates to a single-blade and powder disk double-alloy blisk, which is prepared by the preparation method of the double-alloy blisk.
The single blade in the single blade and powder disk double-alloy blisk can realize accurate positioning, and the diffusion connection qualification rate is high.
Preferably, the single blade and powder disk dual alloy blisk comprises: high-temperature alloy blades, splice rings, alloy disc blanks, a sheath upper cover and a sheath lower cover.
Preferably, the rabbet of the high-temperature alloy blade is embedded in the splicing hole on the splicing ring to form a blade ring.
Preferably, as shown in FIG. 2, the rabbet of the superalloy blade comprises a boss shape.
Preferably, the surface of the superalloy blade is provided with a housing.
Preferably, the shape of the splicing ring comprises a hollow cylinder, and the splicing ring is provided with a plurality of splicing holes along the circumferential direction; and tenons of the superalloy blades are embedded in splicing holes on the splicing rings to form blade rings.
Preferably, the splicing holes on the splicing ring are in one-to-one correspondence with tenons of the superalloy blades.
Preferably, the shape of the alloy disc blank comprises a solid cylinder; the alloy disc blank is arranged in the inner cavity of the blade ring to obtain an assembly body, and the assembly body is arranged in a cavity surrounded by the upper cover of the sheath and the lower cover of the sheath.
Preferably, the superalloy blade, the splice ring and the alloy disk blank are coaxially arranged.
Preferably, the lower cover of the sheath is in a shape of a cylinder, and the upper cover of the sheath comprises an upper cover body and a sheath mouth arranged on the cover surface of the upper cover body; the upper cover body is cylindrical.
Preferably, the high-temperature alloy powder is filled into the joint of the tenon of the high-temperature alloy blade and the alloy disc blank through the sheath nozzle.
Preferably, the axes of the high-temperature alloy blades, the splicing rings and the alloy disc blank are perpendicular to the cover surface of the upper cover of the sheath or the lower cover of the sheath.
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
The single blade and powder disk dual alloy blisk provided in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, includes: the high-temperature alloy blade 2, the splicing ring 3, the alloy disc blank 4, the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 1;
the rabbet of the superalloy blade 2 is embedded in a splicing hole on the splicing ring 3 to form a blade ring; the tenon of the superalloy blade 2 comprises a boss shape; the surface of the superalloy blade 2 is provided with a shell;
the shape of the splicing ring 3 comprises a cylinder, and the splicing ring 3 is provided with a plurality of splicing holes along the circumferential direction; the rabbet of the superalloy blade 2 is embedded in a splicing hole on the splicing ring 3 to form a blade ring; the splicing holes on the splicing ring 3 are in one-to-one correspondence with tenons of the superalloy blades 2;
the shape of the alloy disc blank 4 comprises a solid cylinder; the alloy disc blank 4 is arranged in the inner cavity of the blade ring to obtain an assembly body, and the assembly body is arranged in a cavity surrounded by the upper cover 5 of the sheath and the lower cover 1 of the sheath; the high-temperature alloy blade 2, the splicing ring 3 and the alloy disc blank 4 are coaxially arranged; the lower cover 1 of the sheath is cylindrical, and the upper cover 5 of the sheath comprises an upper cover body and a sheath mouth arranged on the cover surface of the upper cover body; the upper cover body is cylindrical; loading the high-temperature alloy powder into the joint of the tenon of the high-temperature alloy blade 2 and the alloy disc blank 4 through the sheath nozzle; the axes of the high-temperature alloy blade 2, the splicing ring 3 and the alloy disc blank 4 are perpendicular to the cover surface of the upper cover 5 or the lower cover 1.
Example 2
The preparation method of the single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. embedding the rabbet of the directionally solidified or monocrystalline superalloy blade 2 subjected to precision investment casting into a splicing hole of a splicing ring 3 to obtain a blade ring;
2. the blade of the blade ring is subjected to shell making treatment, the coating is coated on the surface of the superalloy blade 2 and then dried, the coating and the drying are repeated for 7 times, and the dried superalloy blade 2 is polished, reinforced and roasted;
3. high-temperature alloy powder with granularity of 50-100 mu m is packed into a sheath through high vacuum degassing, and electron beam seal welding is carried out; preparing the sealed sheath into a compact powder superalloy disc blank 4 by hot isostatic pressing;
4. placing the alloy disc blank 4 in the step 3 in the inner cavity of the blade ring in the step 2, machining and assembling with a gap of 0.1-2 mm, combining the alloy disc blank with the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 1 of the sheath to form a combined sheath, and welding the combined sheath into a closed sheath by argon arc welding with a welding current of 130A;
5. high-temperature alloy powder which is the same as the alloy disc blank 4 is selected and put into a sealed sheath under the vacuum condition, and the vacuum degree is 10 -2 Pa, dynamic thermal degassing and vibration compaction are carried out simultaneously, then electron beam vacuum seal welding is carried out for 1 time, and the accelerating voltage is 50kV;
6. carrying out hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection on the sealed and welded combined sheath, wherein the temperature of the hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection is 1160 ℃, the pressure is 110MPa, and the time is 2 hours;
7. performing metallographic examination on the connection interface;
8. and performing heat treatment on the inspected blisk.
The metallographic examination of the blisk prepared in example 2 shows that the diffusion joint has no cracks, no microscopic holes, no inclusions and other defects, obvious diffusion zones exist, the interface is compact and complete, and the tensile strength Rm of 700 ℃ is more than or equal to 1000MPa.
Example 3
The preparation method of the single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. same as in example 2;
2. coating the coating on the surface of the superalloy blade 2, drying, repeating the coating and drying for 8 times, polishing, reinforcing and roasting the dried superalloy blade 2;
3. high-temperature alloy powder with granularity of 50-100 mu m is packed into a sheath through high vacuum degassing, and electron beam seal welding is carried out; preparing the sealed sheath into a compact powder superalloy disc blank 4 by hot isostatic pressing;
4. placing the alloy disc blank 4 in the step 3 into the inner cavity of the blade ring in the step 2, machining and assembling with a gap of 0.1-2 mm, combining the alloy disc blank with the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 1 of the sheath to form a combined sheath, and welding the combined sheath into a sealed sheath by argon arc welding with a welding current of 200A;
5. high-temperature alloy powder which is the same as the alloy disc blank 4 is selected and put into a sealed sheath under the vacuum condition, and the vacuum degree is 10 -2 Pa, dynamic thermal degassing and vibration compaction are carried out simultaneously, then electron beam vacuum seal welding is carried out for 2 times, and the accelerating voltage is 60kV;
6. carrying out hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection on the sealed and welded combined sheath, wherein the temperature of the hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection is 1180 ℃, the pressure is 130MPa, and the time is 2 hours;
7 to 8, the same as in example 2.
Example 4
The preparation method of the single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. same as in example 2;
2. coating the coating on the surface of the superalloy blade 2, drying, repeating the coating and drying for 9 times, polishing, reinforcing and roasting the dried superalloy blade 2;
3. high-temperature alloy powder with granularity of 0-53 mu m is packed into a sheath through high vacuum degassing, and electron beam seal welding is carried out; preparing the sealed sheath into a compact powder superalloy disc blank 4 by hot isostatic pressing;
4. placing the alloy disc blank 4 in the step 3 in the inner cavity of the blade ring in the step 2, machining and assembling with a gap of 0.1-2 mm, combining the alloy disc blank with the upper cover 5 and the lower cover 1 of the sheath to form a combined sheath, and welding the combined sheath into a sealed sheath by argon arc welding with the welding current of 280A;
5. high-temperature alloy powder which is the same as the alloy disc blank 4 is selected and put into a sealed sheath under the vacuum condition, and the vacuum degree is 10 -2 Pa, dynamic thermal degassing and vibration compaction are carried out simultaneously, then electron beam vacuum seal welding is carried out for 3 times, and the accelerating voltage is 80kV;
6. carrying out hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection on the sealed and welded combined sheath, wherein the temperature of the hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection is 1200 ℃, the pressure is 120MPa, and the time is 3 hours;
7 to 8, the same as in example 2.
While the invention has been illustrated and described with reference to specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical aspects of the invention and not restrictive thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some or all of the technical features thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions; it is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such alternatives and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. The preparation method of the single-blade and powder disc double-alloy blisk is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
splicing the rabbets of the high-temperature alloy blades with splicing holes of the splicing fixture to obtain blade rings, and manufacturing shells on the surfaces of the high-temperature alloy blades in the blade rings to obtain blade rings with shells; placing an alloy disc blank in an inner cavity of the blade ring with the shell, performing machining and gap assembly to obtain an assembly, combining a sheath upper cover, a sheath lower cover and the assembly, and welding the joint of the combined sheath upper cover and the combined sheath lower cover to obtain a combined sheath;
the upper cover of the sheath is provided with a sheath mouth;
loading high-temperature alloy powder into the combined sheath through the sheath nozzle, simultaneously carrying out dynamic thermal degassing and vibration compaction, and then sealing and welding the sheath nozzle to obtain a closed sheath; performing hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection on the airtight sheath;
the tenon of the superalloy blade comprises a boss shape;
the granularity of the high-temperature alloy powder is less than or equal to 150 mu m.
2. The method of manufacturing a single blade and powder disk dual alloy blisk according to claim 1, wherein the superalloy blade comprises a directionally solidified superalloy blade or a single crystal superalloy blade.
3. The method for manufacturing a single blade and powder disk dual alloy blisk according to claim 2, wherein the single crystal superalloy blade brand comprises: at least one of CMSX-4, DD405, or DD 407.
4. The method for manufacturing a single blade and powder disk dual alloy blisk according to claim 2, wherein the designation of the directionally solidified superalloy blade comprises: mar-M200 or Ren 150.
5. The method for manufacturing a single blade and powder disk dual alloy blisk according to claim 1, wherein the shell manufacturing specifically comprises: coating the coating on the surface of the superalloy blade, drying, polishing, reinforcing and roasting the dried superalloy blade;
and the coating and the drying are respectively carried out for 7-9 times.
6. The method for manufacturing the single-blade and powder disk dual-alloy blisk according to claim 1, wherein the gap amount of gap assembly is 0.1-2 mm.
7. The method for manufacturing the single-blade and powder disk dual-alloy blisk according to claim 1, wherein the joint of the combined upper cover and the combined lower cover is welded by argon arc welding;
and the welding current of the argon arc welding is 130-280A.
8. The method of making a single blade and powder disk dual alloy blisk according to claim 1, wherein the superalloy powder is packed into the composite sheath under vacuum;
the vacuum degree of the vacuum condition is 10 -2 ~10 -3 Pa。
9. The method for manufacturing a single blade and powder disk dual alloy blisk according to claim 1, wherein the brand of superalloy powder comprises: at least one of Ren 104, alloy10 and Udimet 720 Li.
10. The method for manufacturing a single-blade and powder disk dual-alloy blisk according to claim 1, wherein the encapsulation nozzle is sealed by electron beam vacuum encapsulation.
11. The method for manufacturing a single blade and powder disk dual alloy blisk according to claim 10, wherein the electron beam vacuum sealing is performed 1 to 3 times.
12. The method for manufacturing a single-blade and powder disk dual-alloy blisk according to claim 10, wherein the acceleration voltage of the electron beam vacuum sealing is 50-80 kv.
13. The method for manufacturing a single-blade and powder disk dual-alloy blisk according to claim 1, wherein the hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection temperature is 1100-1230 ℃;
the pressure of the hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection is 110-130 MPa;
and the time for the hot isostatic pressing diffusion connection is 2-4 hours.
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| GB2424200B (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2007-10-24 | Rolls Royce Plc | Apparatus and method of manufacture of a component by hot isostatic pressing |
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| EP1728971A1 (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-06 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Integral turbine composed of a cast single crystal blade ring diffusion bonded to a high strength disk |
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| CN114309606A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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