CN114309429B - Crank forming forging process - Google Patents
Crank forming forging process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114309429B CN114309429B CN202210066077.3A CN202210066077A CN114309429B CN 114309429 B CN114309429 B CN 114309429B CN 202210066077 A CN202210066077 A CN 202210066077A CN 114309429 B CN114309429 B CN 114309429B
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- forging
- anvil
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- piece
- curved neck
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 30
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crank forming forging process, which comprises the following steps: comprising the following steps: forging machine, manipulator, anvil mould, back-buckling bending mould, mandrel, upper anvil, lower anvil, workstation and forging. Firstly, ironing and drawing a prefabricated forging with a boss in the middle, then arranging a male die, a trapezoidal die and a female die below the boss, arranging a concave anvil die and an arc anvil die above the boss, performing multi-angle, left-right movement and turnover forging on the boss to finish forging a curved neck cylindrical blank, reversely forging and bending by using a reverse buckling bending die to bend and close two wings of the prefabricated forging, pressing by using a series of core dies with different thicknesses at two ends, forging the boss head into a quadrangular crank head, and finishing the crank forging to a set size. The design has the purposes of good forming degree, small machining allowance, short forging time, small material loss and low production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a crank forging, in particular to a crank forming forging process, and belongs to the technical field of forging.
Background
The crank throw is an important part on the crankshaft, and because the crankshaft bears the transformation of mechanical rotation and reciprocating motion, the crank throw of the large-scale crankshaft is stressed greatly and is complex, so that the crank throw has enough rigidity, strength and capability of bearing impact load, in order to meet the performance requirements, the forging crank throw is usually selected, and the most important working procedures in the process of forging the crank throw are to meet the forging ratio and reduce forging fire. The existing forging method has the following defects: firstly, because the forging operation process is complex, the forging can be performed only by a plurality of times, secondly, because the forging is performed only by a plurality of times, the forging ratio cannot be met, the coarse quality of the internal structure crystal grains of the forging is not too high, and thirdly, the forging cost is high, so that the optimization and improvement of the traditional forging process are necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a crank forming forging process, which is characterized in that the shape and parameters of a process forging piece are set, and the forming, bending, pressing and finish forging are completed in one firing, so that the purposes of reducing the firing and increasing the forging ratio are realized.
The design scheme is as follows: a bell crank forming forging process comprising: the forging machine comprises a forging machine body, a manipulator, a replacing anvil mould, a reverse buckling bending mould, a mandrel, an upper anvil, a lower anvil, a workbench and a forging piece, wherein the replacing anvil mould comprises a concave replacing anvil mould and an arc replacing anvil mould, the number of the mandrels is multiple, the thicknesses of two ends of the different mandrels are different, the lower anvil comprises a small flat anvil, a male mould, a ladder-shaped mould, a concave mould and a large flat anvil, and the manipulator comprises a manipulator I and a manipulator II; the upper anvil is fixedly connected to the forging machine, and the male die and the large flat anvil form a fixed chain which is replaced by overturning; the small flat anvil, the male die, the trapezoid die, the concave die and the large flat anvil are arranged on the workbench and move along with the workbench, and the forging piece is a double-fin body with a boss in the middle, and is characterized in that:
comprises the following steps
1. Forging curved neck
Step 1, heating a semi-finished forging to a forging temperature;
step 2, placing the heated forging piece on a large flat anvil, and ironing and drawing the double fins to a set size;
step 3, clamping the forging by a manipulator, placing the middle part of the forging above a male die, turning the forging back and forth at 180 degrees, moving the forging left and right, forging by multiple position conversion, and primarily forging two sides of a curved neck;
step 4, the boss of the forging piece in the step 2 is upwards arranged on a trapezoid die, a concave anvil die is clamped by a manipulator II and sleeved on the forging piece, and the bottoms of the double fins opposite to the boss are preliminarily forged to be below the curved neck;
step 5, placing the two side surfaces and the lower surface of the curved neck in the step 2 and the step 3 on a male die, turning back and forth, moving left and right, alternately forging the two side surfaces, the lower surface and the connecting part of the curved neck, and forging to be close to the shape of the curved neck;
step 6, placing the curved neck of the forging piece in the step 4 on a female die, turning back and forth to change the forging angle, pressing the boss head downwards by an upper anvil, forging the boss head to be the upper surface of the polygonal curved neck, and forging the two side surfaces and the lower surface of the curved neck to be semi-cylinders by the female die;
step 7, alternately placing the curved neck forged in the step 6 on a male die and a female die, respectively adopting a small flat anvil and an arc-shaped alternative anvil die as an upper anvil, forging the curved neck at multiple angles, and forging into a cylindrical curved neck blank;
2. bending and bending
Step 8, placing the curved neck on the female die, and reversely buckling the two wings of the double-wing body by the reversely buckling and bending die clamped by the manipulator II, pressing down the upper anvil, and bending the two wings into a herringbone shape;
3. pressing fit
Step 9, placing the herringbone forge piece on a large flat anvil, inserting a mandrel with the largest thickness difference at two ends into an opening of the forge piece by a manipulator II, pressing down the upper anvil, making two wings close to each other, turning over the forge piece, and forging the forge piece again, wherein the two wings are close to the mandrel;
step 10, sequentially replacing the core mold with gradually reduced thickness difference at two ends, repeating the step 8, further attaching the two wings to the core mold, turning over the forging piece, and finish forging the outer sides of the two wings to forge into two cranks;
4. pulling head
Step 11, synchronously overturning the core die and the forging piece in a pressing state, placing the core die and the forging piece on a large flat anvil, forging a boss head, and drawing a quadrangular frustum crank head;
5. finishing
And step 12, placing the forging piece in the step 11 on a large flat anvil or a small flat anvil, and finishing the crank forging piece to a set size.
Further, the male die is a trapezoid die or an arc die.
Preferably, the concave surface of the concave anvil die is engaged with the convex surface of the forging.
The invention adopts a plurality of different special anvil moulds, moves left and right, turns back and forth, changes the angle forging and pressing, repeatedly changes different anvil mould forging pressures, and gradually forms the curved neck. The reverse buckling bending die is arranged between the forge piece and the upper anvil, so that the anvil die is replaced quickly, rolling extrusion is formed between the forge piece double-fin body bending process and the die by utilizing the arc extrusion surface of the bending die, the crank forge piece is continuously bent by smaller extrusion force and shorter extrusion stroke, the forging machine with smaller pressure is used for completing the bending process of the large crank forge piece, and forging forming is completed by one fire. The invention has the characteristics of good forging forming degree, small machining allowance, short forging time, small material loss and low production cost.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of the forging in step 2,
figure 2 is a front view of the initial forging state of step 3,
figure 3 is a left side view of figure 2,
figure 4 is a left side view of the workpiece of figure 2 flipped 180,
figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the initial forging state of step 4,
figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the final forging state of step 4,
figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a step 5 one-position forging state,
figure 8 is a schematic diagram of another forging state of the process step 5,
figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the forging state of step 6,
figures 10 and 11 are schematic diagrams of the forging state of the anvil and the male die in the step 7,
figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the forging state of the concave anvil die and the concave die in step 7,
figure 13 is a schematic view of the initial forging state of step 8,
figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the final forging state of step 8,
figure 15 is a schematic view of the initial forging state of step 9,
figure 16 is a schematic view of the final forging state of step 9,
figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the forging state of step 10,
figure 18 is a schematic view of the forging of the head of the bell crank in step 11,
figure 19 is a schematic view of the forging of figure 18 rotated 90 deg. to forge the head of the bell crank,
figures 20 and 21 are schematic diagrams of a finish forge crank in a state that the process step 12 is provided with a core mould,
fig. 22 and 23 are schematic diagrams of the finish forge crank with the core die removed in step 12.
In the drawing, 1 is an upper anvil, 2 is a large flat anvil, 3 is a forging piece, 4 is a manipulator I, 4 'is a manipulator II, 5 is a male die, 6 is a trapezoidal die, 7 is a concave anvil die, 8 is a female die, 9 is an arc anvil die, 10 is a back-buckling bending die, 11 is a core die with two large thickness differences, 11' is a core die with gradually reduced thickness differences, and 12 is a small flat anvil.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings,
as shown in fig. 1, the heated forging 3 is placed on a large flat anvil 2, the upper anvil 1 is pressed down, and the double fins are thinned and drawn to set sizes.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the first manipulator 4 clamps the forging piece 3, the middle part of the forging piece 3 is arranged above the male die 5, the forging piece 3 is turned over by 180 degrees, the forging piece 3 is moved left and right to be forged, the forging piece 3 is changed for a plurality of times, and the two sides of the curved neck are preliminarily forged.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the boss of the forging 3 is upwards arranged on the trapezoid die 6, the concave anvil-replacing die 7 is clamped by the second manipulator 4' and sleeved on the forging 3, the upper anvil 1 is pressed down, and the bottom surfaces of the double fins opposite to the boss are preliminarily forged to be below the curved neck.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the two sides and the lower part of the curved neck are placed on the male die 5, and the two sides, the lower part and the connecting part of the curved neck are forged alternately by turning back and forth and moving left and right, and are forged to be close to the shape of the curved neck.
As shown in fig. 9, the forged curved necks in fig. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 are placed on the female die 8, the forging 3 is turned back and forth, the forging angle is changed, the upper anvil 1 presses down the boss head, the boss head is forged to be the upper surface of the polygonal curved neck, and the two side surfaces and the lower surface of the curved neck are forged to be semi-cylinders.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the curved neck is forged at multiple angles by using the male die 5 and the upper anvil 1.
As shown in fig. 12, the curved neck is forged circumferentially by using an arc-shaped anvil die 9 and a female die 8, and the curved neck is forged into a cylindrical shape, thereby completing the forging of the curved neck cylindrical blank.
As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the lower part of the curved neck is arranged on the female die 8, the mechanical arm II 4' clamps the back buckling bending die 10 to be reversely buckled on the two fins of the double-fin body, the upper anvil 1 is pressed down, and the forging 3 is bent into a herringbone shape;
as shown in fig. 15 and 16, the herringbone forging 3 is placed on the large flat anvil 2, the core mold 11 with the largest thickness difference at two ends is inserted into the opening of the forging 3 by the mechanical arm two 4', the forging 3 is forged, two sides of the forging 3 are close, the forging 3 is turned up and down, and then the forging 3 is forged, and two sides of the forging 3 are close to the core mold 11.
As shown in fig. 17, the core mold 11 'with gradually reduced thickness difference at two ends is sequentially replaced, the forging piece 3 is forged, two fins of the double-fin body on the forging piece 3 are attached to the core mold 11', the forging piece 3 is turned over, the outer sides of the double-fin body are precision forged, and two parallel cranks are forged.
As shown in fig. 18, the mandrel 11' and the forging 3 are synchronously turned over in a pressing state, and the upper end of the curved neck is forged; the forging 3 in the state of fig. 18 is turned over by 90 degrees until the upper end of the curved neck is continuously forged as shown in fig. 19, and the upper end of the curved neck is pulled into a prismatic table-shaped crank head.
As shown in fig. 20, the forging 3 is placed on the small flat anvil 12, the crank is finished, as shown in fig. 21, the forging with the mandrel 4' is turned over by 90 degrees, and the side of the crank is finished.
As shown in fig. 22, the forging 3 is placed on the small flat anvil 12, the crank is finished, as shown in fig. 23, the forging is turned over for 90 degrees, the side surface of the crank is finished, and the forging of the crank is completed.
Claims (3)
1. A bell crank forming forging process comprising: the forging machine comprises a forging machine body, a manipulator, a replacing anvil mould, a reverse buckling bending mould, a mandrel, an upper anvil, a lower anvil, a workbench and a forging piece, wherein the replacing anvil mould comprises a concave replacing anvil mould and an arc replacing anvil mould, the number of the mandrels is multiple, the thicknesses of two ends of the different mandrels are different, the lower anvil comprises a small flat anvil, a male mould, a ladder-shaped mould, a concave mould and a large flat anvil, and the manipulator comprises a manipulator I and a manipulator II; the upper anvil is fixedly connected to the forging machine, and the male die and the large flat anvil form a fixed chain which is replaced by overturning; the small flat anvil, the male die, the trapezoid die, the concave die and the large flat anvil are arranged on the workbench and move along with the workbench, and the forging piece is a double-fin body with a boss in the middle, and is characterized in that:
comprises the following steps
1. Forging curved neck
Step one, heating a semi-finished forging to a forging temperature;
step two, placing the heated forging piece on a large flat anvil, and ironing and drawing the double fins to a set size;
step three, a manipulator clamps the forging piece, the middle part of the forging piece is placed above the male die, the forging piece is turned back and forth for 180 degrees, the forging piece is moved left and right, the forging is performed in multiple position changing modes, and the two sides of the curved neck are initially forged;
step four, a boss of the forging piece in the step two is upwards arranged on a trapezoid die, a concave anvil-replacing die is clamped by a manipulator II and sleeved on the forging piece, and the bottoms of the double fins opposite to the boss are preliminarily forged to be below a curved neck;
step five, placing the two side surfaces and the lower surface of the curved neck in the step two and the step three on a male die, turning back and forth, moving left and right, alternately forging the two side surfaces, the lower surface and the connecting part of the curved neck, and forging to be close to the shape of the curved neck;
step six, placing the curved neck of the forging piece in the step four on a female die, turning back and forth to change the forging angle, pressing the boss head downwards by an upper anvil, forging the boss head to be the upper surface of the polygonal curved neck, and forging the two side surfaces and the lower surface of the curved neck to be semi-cylinders by the female die;
step seven, the curved neck forged in the step six is alternately arranged on a male die and a female die, an upper anvil is respectively arranged on a small flat anvil and an arc-shaped alternative anvil die, the curved neck is forged in multiple angles, and a cylindrical curved neck blank is forged;
2. bending and bending
Step eight, placing the curved neck on a female die, and reversely buckling the two wings of the double-wing body by a reversely buckling and bending die clamped by a mechanical arm II, wherein an upper anvil is pressed downwards, and the two wings are bent into a herringbone shape;
3. pressing fit
Step nine, placing the herringbone forge piece on a large flat anvil, inserting a mandrel with the largest thickness difference at two ends into an opening of the forge piece by a manipulator II, pressing down the upper anvil, making two wings close to each other, turning over the forge piece, forging, and making the two wings close to the mandrel;
step ten, sequentially replacing the core mold with gradually reduced thickness difference at two ends, repeating the step eight actions, further attaching the two fins to the core mold, turning over the forging piece, and finish forging the outer sides of the two fins to forge the two cranks;
4. pulling head
Step eleven, synchronously overturning the core die and the forging piece in a pressing state, placing the core die and the forging piece on a large flat anvil, forging the boss head, and drawing the boss head into a quadrangular frustum of a crank;
5. finishing
And step twelve, placing the step eleven forging piece on a large flat anvil or a small flat anvil, and finishing the crank forging piece to a set size.
2. The bell crank forming forging process as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the male die is a trapezoid die or an arc die.
3. The bell crank forming forging process as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the concave surface of the concave anvil die is meshed with the convex surface of the forging piece.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210066077.3A CN114309429B (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-01-20 | Crank forming forging process |
| PCT/CN2022/109747 WO2023138030A1 (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-08-02 | Two-fire forming forging process for large crank throw |
| KR1020247014751A KR20240089283A (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-08-02 | Two-step heat forming forging process for large crank slowdowns |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210066077.3A CN114309429B (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-01-20 | Crank forming forging process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114309429A CN114309429A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
| CN114309429B true CN114309429B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
Family
ID=81028580
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210066077.3A Active CN114309429B (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-01-20 | Crank forming forging process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114309429B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023138030A1 (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2023-07-27 | 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 | Two-fire forming forging process for large crank throw |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05349A (en) * | 1991-06-25 | 1993-01-08 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Forging device for crankshaft |
| KR20020072859A (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-19 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Forging method and dies of crank throw using the unbended preform |
| KR20120069129A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-06-28 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Manufacturing device and method thereof for crank throw |
| CN106623740A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-05-10 | 湖北三环车桥有限公司 | Method for manufacturing automobile front shaft through upsetting and correcting technology |
| CN113926973A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-14 | 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 | Combined anvil die and process for forging large crank throw |
-
2022
- 2022-01-20 CN CN202210066077.3A patent/CN114309429B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05349A (en) * | 1991-06-25 | 1993-01-08 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Forging device for crankshaft |
| KR20020072859A (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-19 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Forging method and dies of crank throw using the unbended preform |
| KR20120069129A (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2012-06-28 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Manufacturing device and method thereof for crank throw |
| CN106623740A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-05-10 | 湖北三环车桥有限公司 | Method for manufacturing automobile front shaft through upsetting and correcting technology |
| CN113926973A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-14 | 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 | Combined anvil die and process for forging large crank throw |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114309429A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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