CN114309131A - Manufacturing method of uniform fine-grain nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forging - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of uniform fine-grain nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN114309131A CN114309131A CN202111621927.3A CN202111621927A CN114309131A CN 114309131 A CN114309131 A CN 114309131A CN 202111621927 A CN202111621927 A CN 202111621927A CN 114309131 A CN114309131 A CN 114309131A
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017945 Cu—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010420 art technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001833 catalytic reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001293 incoloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A manufacturing method of a uniform fine-grain nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forging comprises the heat treatment of combining component design, alloy casting, electroslag remelting, high-temperature large-deformation cogging, tube blank high-temperature preforming, tube blank hot sheathing heat preservation single-fire sufficient deformation low-temperature final forming and solid solution and static recrystallization into a whole. The nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forging piece (with the outer diameter of 485 mm, the inner diameter of 295mm and the length of 1500 mm) obtained by the method disclosed by the invention is uniform and fine in crystal grain (with the crystal grain size of 100 um), the yield strength of 385 MPa, the tensile strength of 665MPa, the elongation after fracture of 66% and the reduction of area of 44%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a large special high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant material, in particular to a manufacturing method of a large thick-wall tube blank made of a nickel-based alloy N08825, and specifically relates to a manufacturing method of a uniform fine-grain nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forged piece.
Background
Nickel-based alloy N08825 (Incoloy 825) is an austenitic Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu-Ti corrosion-resistant and temperature-resistant alloy. The petroleum refining fields such as hydrocracking, residual oil hydrogenation, catalytic cracking, hydrofining, catalytic reforming and the like are widely applied. Under the high-pressure hydrogen working condition containing high sulfur, the nickel-based alloy N08825 large-sized thick-wall seamless tube is the inevitable choice for ensuring the reliable and stable operation of the device.
The chemical composition range given by the standard of the nickel-based alloy N08825 is wide, raw materials are smelted according to the chemical composition given by the standard, although the chemical compositions are in the qualified range, the performance indexes of the raw materials with different chemical composition contents in the recrystallization temperature and the forgeability temperature interval and after heat treatment are greatly different, and even if the same production process is used, the stable forgeability and the grain size value are difficult to obtain. Therefore, the chemical components of the raw materials of the forging are limited in a reasonable range, the mechanical property, the corrosion resistance and the like of the final product of the forging are ensured, and meanwhile, the forging and heat treatment process can be fixed, so that an ideal crystal grain structure of the forging is obtained.
The uniformity and size (grain size) of the grain size are very important indicators in determining the quality of the alloy product. Since the structure of N08825 is a stable austenite structure, there is no isomeric transformation during heating and cooling, and uniform fine grains can only be obtained by dynamic recrystallization during forging and static recrystallization after forging.
The plastic deformation of the metal material has critical deformation, and below the critical deformation, recrystallization and grain refinement cannot occur, and on the contrary, the phenomena of grain coarsening and mixed crystal can occur, so that the structure performance of the material is seriously deteriorated. The final forming stage of the nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank must ensure sufficient deformation to obtain uniform fine grain structure.
The equilibrium phase of the N08825 alloy comprises a gamma phase, a Ti (NC) compound, a sigma phase and M23C6Carbide, etc. by solution treatment at 993 ℃ or higher23C6The carbide and sigma phase are eliminated, and the performance of the alloy is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to invent a manufacturing method of a uniform fine-grain nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forging, which is characterized in that links such as component design, alloy refining, forging and heat treatment are organically integrated, low-temperature final forming of sufficient deformation of a single fire is realized by adopting heat insulation of a hot jacket in the final forming stage of the tube blank, and then heat treatment combining subsequent solid solution treatment and crystal recrystallization treatment is carried out.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a manufacturing method of a uniform fine-grain nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forging is characterized by comprising the steps of electroslag remelting, high-temperature large-deformation cogging, tube blank high-temperature preforming, tube blank hot jacket heat preservation sufficient deformation low-temperature final forming (drawing) and solid solution recrystallization treatment which are sequentially carried out.
The electroslag remelting means that an alloy ingot which is formed by electric furnace smelting, external furnace refining and vacuum degassing pouring is subjected to electroslag remelting and purification to produce an alloy ingot with high quality (the weight is 6.2 tons, and the size is phi 830mm multiplied by 1500 mm);
the high-temperature large-deformation cogging refers to performing one-heading one-drawing forging with the upsetting ratio of 2 and the drawing length ratio of 4 on an electroslag remelting ingot with the weight of 6.2 tons to forge the electroslag remelting ingot into a square billet with the size of 500mm multiplied by 2750mm, and cooling the square billet to the normal temperature, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1250 ℃ and the final forging temperature is 850 ℃;
the high-temperature preforming of the tube blank refers to that blanking is carried out into square blanks with the size of 500mm multiplied by 730mm, and the blank is subjected to furnace returning heating, drawing-upsetting-drawing (drawing ratio is 1.246, upsetting ratio is 2.275 and drawing ratio is 2.275), furnace returning heating, upsetting-rounding-punching (upsetting ratio is 2 and aperture phi is 250 mm), furnace returning heating, hole expanding-core rod sleeving rounding (aperture phi 295 mm), furnace returning heating and core rod penetrating drawing (drawing ratio is 2) 4-fire forging forming, wherein the initial forging temperature of each fire is 1150 ℃, and the final forging temperature is 850 ℃ to obtain the high-temperature preformed tube blank;
the pipe blank hot-jacket heat-preservation single-fire sufficient deformation low-temperature final forming refers to that a high-temperature preformed pipe blank discharged from a heating furnace is sequentially subjected to core rod penetration, a ceramic fiber heat-preservation felt with the thickness of more than or equal to 15mm is wrapped on the outer surface of a workpiece by using a glass powder binder to preserve heat and form sufficient deformation (elongation) at a low temperature, the deformation is 50%, the initial forging temperature is 1100 ℃, and the final forging temperature is 850 ℃, so that a low-temperature final forming pipe blank (with the outer diameter of 485 mm, the inner diameter of 295mm and the length of 1500 mm) is obtained;
the solid solution recrystallization treatment is heat treatment of keeping the temperature of the final formed tube blank forging at 1020 ℃ for 1h and then cooling with water;
and obtaining the uniform fine-grain nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forging.
The nickel-based alloy N08825 comprises the chemical components (in percentage by mass) of 40.01 Ni, 20.63Cr, 2.96Mo, 2.18Cu, 0.82Ti, 0.61Mn, 0.022C, 0.34Si, 0.12Al and 0.001S, and the balance of Fe and a small amount of impurity elements.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adopts a heat preservation method in the final forming (drawing) stage of the tube blank to ensure that the sufficient deformation (far larger than the critical deformation of the plastic deformation of the metal material) room temperature forging final forming is realized, and provides a precondition for refining grains by subsequent static recrystallization.
(2) The invention adopts the heat treatment combining the solid solution treatment and the static recrystallization treatment, thereby not only eliminating the harmful phase in the alloy, but also having low mixed crystal degree and small grain size (5-grade grain size).
(3) The invention organically integrates the links of the nickel-based alloy N08825 such as component design, alloy smelting, forging, heat treatment and the like to obtain stable forgeability and uniform fine grain structure.
(4) The actual measurement yield strength of the tube blank manufactured by the method is 385 MPa, the tensile strength is 665MPa, the elongation after fracture is 66 percent, and the reduction of area is 44 percent. Both are improved by more than 13 percent compared with the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a microstructure of a forged final formed pipe blank according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the microstructure of the final formed pipe blank of the first embodiment of the present invention after heat treatment in which solution treatment and recrystallization are combined.
FIG. 3 shows the microstructure of the forged final formed pipe blank of comparative example I of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows the microstructure of the final formed pipe blank of comparative example I of the present invention after heat treatment in which solution treatment and recrystallization are combined.
FIG. 5 shows the microstructure of the final formed pipe blank of comparative example of the present invention after heat treatment in which solution treatment and recrystallization are combined.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and give detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The first embodiment.
A manufacturing method of a uniform fine-grain nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forging piece comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 40.01 Ni, 20.63Cr, 2.96Mo, 2.18Cu, 0.82Ti, 0.61Mn, 0.022C, 0.34Si, 0.12Al, 0.001S, and the balance Fe and a small amount of impurity elements. The manufacturing process comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the component design requirements, smelting a nickel-based alloy N08825 ingot by adopting an electric furnace smelting, external refining and vacuum degassing; secondly, adopting electroslag remelting purification to obtain 6.2 tons of electroslag ingots with the size phi of 830mm multiplied by 1500 mm;
then, sequentially carrying out high-temperature large-deformation cogging, wherein the high-temperature large-deformation cogging is to perform one-heading one-drawing forging cogging with the upsetting ratio of 2 and the drawing ratio of 4 on an electroslag remelting ingot with the weight of 6.2 tons, and finally forging the electroslag remelting ingot into a square billet with the size of 500mm multiplied by 2750mm, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1150 ℃ and the final forging temperature is 850 ℃;
thirdly, performing high-temperature preforming on the pipe blank: blanking a square billet obtained by high-temperature large-deformation cogging into a square billet with the size of 500mm multiplied by 730mm, sequentially carrying out furnace returning and heating, and sequentially carrying out 4-fire forging forming of drawing-upsetting-drawing (drawing ratio is 1.246, upsetting ratio is 2.275, drawing ratio is 2.275), furnace returning and heating, upsetting-rounding-punching (upsetting ratio is 2, aperture phi is 250 mm), furnace returning and heating, reaming-sleeve core rod rounding (aperture phi 295 mm), furnace returning and heating, and core rod penetration drawing (drawing ratio is 2), wherein the initial forging temperature of each fire is 1150 ℃, and the final forging temperature is 850 ℃, so as to obtain a high-temperature preformed pipe blank;
fourthly, the heat preservation of the pipe billet heat jacket is finished by single fire sufficient deformation at low temperature: sequentially threading a core rod on a high-temperature preformed pipe blank discharged from a heating furnace, wrapping a ceramic fiber heat-insulating felt with the thickness of more than or equal to 15mm on the outer surface of a workpiece by using a glass powder adhesive, and carrying out heat insulation, wherein the sufficient deformation of 50% of the deformation is subjected to low-temperature final forming (drawing out), the initial forging temperature is 1100 ℃, and the final forging temperature is 850 ℃ to obtain a low-temperature final formed pipe blank;
fifthly, heat treatment combining solid solution and recrystallization: and (3) carrying out heat preservation for 1h at 1020 ℃ and then carrying out water-cooling heat treatment on the finally formed tube blank forging. Obtaining a uniform fine-grain nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forging (with the outer diameter of 485 mm, the inner diameter of 295mm and the length of 1500 mm).
And (3) detecting the grain size of the body of the forged piece after being cooled after forging (figure 1), wherein the forged piece treated by the steps is fine in grain size, is in a deformation state, contains a large amount of dislocation and twin crystal, and provides power for refining grains through post-solid solution recrystallization. The grain size detection (figure 2) of the bulk sample after the solid solution recrystallization treatment of the forging proves that the crystal grains are in a uniform and fine state, and the grain size is about 100 um (grain size 5 grade). The forging has the yield strength of 385 MPa, the tensile strength of 665MPa, the elongation after fracture of 66 percent and the reduction of area of 44 percent.
Comparative example one.
And no sheath is used for heat preservation in the low-temperature final forming stage of the tube blank, and the mixed crystals are caused by insufficient low-temperature forging deformation per fire. The difference of the manufacturing method from the first embodiment is that no sheath heat preservation exists in the final forming stage of the tube blank, the tube blank is not subjected to the low-temperature final forming of sufficient deformation of a single fire number of the thermal sheath heat preservation, and the tube blank is finished by forging more than 3 fire numbers, wherein the deformation of each fire number of the forging is less than 15 percent and is equivalent to the critical deformation of a N08825 forging piece by 10 percent. And (3) detecting the grain size of the cooled forged body after forging (figure 3), wherein the coarse grains are in a mixed crystal state and are not in a deformation state. The grain size test of the bulk sample after the solution recrystallization treatment (FIG. 4) confirmed the presence of coarse grains and the mixed crystal structure.
Comparative example No. two
The crystal grains grow due to the overlong heat treatment time. The difference between the manufacturing method and the first embodiment is that the time of the heat treatment combining the solution treatment and the recrystallization treatment is prolonged from 1h to 3h, and part of the crystal grains are combined and grown into coarse crystal grains (see fig. 5).
The present invention is not concerned with parts which are the same as or can be implemented using prior art techniques.
Claims (7)
1. A manufacturing method of a uniform fine-grain nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forging piece is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of electroslag remelting, high-temperature large-deformation cogging, high-temperature preforming of a tube blank, heat preservation of a tube blank hot jacket, single-fire sufficient deformation amount low-temperature final forming (drawing out) and solid solution recrystallization treatment which are sequentially carried out.
2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electroslag remelting refers to that an alloy ingot which is formed by electric furnace smelting, external furnace refining and vacuum degassing pouring is subjected to electroslag remelting and purification to produce a high-quality alloy ingot (electroslag remelting ingot).
3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-temperature large-deformation cogging refers to forging the electroslag remelting ingot into a square billet by performing one-heading one-drawing forging with the upsetting ratio of 2 and the drawing ratio of 4, and cooling the square billet to normal temperature by water, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1150 ℃ and the final forging temperature is 850 ℃.
4. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-temperature preforming of the pipe blank refers to the step of sequentially carrying out saw cutting blanking, furnace returning heating, drawing-out-upsetting-drawing-out (drawing ratio is 1.246, upsetting ratio is 2.275 and drawing ratio is 2.275), furnace returning heating, upsetting-rounding-punching, furnace returning heating, hole expanding-core rod sleeving rounding, furnace returning heating and core rod penetrating-drawing-out 4-fire forging forming, wherein the initial forging temperature of each fire is 1150 ℃, and the final forging temperature is 850 ℃ to obtain the high-temperature preformed pipe blank.
5. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pipe blank hot-jacket heat-preservation single-fire sufficient deformation low-temperature final forming refers to the steps that a high-temperature preformed pipe blank discharged from a heating furnace is sequentially subjected to core rod penetrating, a ceramic fiber heat-preservation felt with the thickness of more than or equal to 15mm is wrapped on the outer surface of a workpiece by using a glass powder binder to preserve heat and form sufficient deformation (elongation) at a low temperature, the deformation is 50%, the initial forging temperature is 1100 ℃, and the final forging temperature is 850 ℃, so that a low-temperature final forming pipe blank is obtained.
6. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-temperature solid solution recrystallization treatment refers to heat treatment of keeping the temperature of the final formed tube blank forging at 1020 ℃ for 1 hour and then cooling with water; and obtaining the uniform fine-grain nickel-based alloy N08825 large thick-wall tube blank forging.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the nickel-based alloy N08825 comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 40.01 Ni, 20.63Cr, 2.96Mo, 2.18Cu, 0.82Ti, 0.61Mn, 0.022C, 0.34Si, 0.12Al, 0.001S, and the balance Fe and a small amount of impurity elements.
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2021
- 2021-12-28 CN CN202111621927.3A patent/CN114309131A/en active Pending
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