CN114308369A - Zinc leaching residue pretreatment agent and application method thereof - Google Patents
Zinc leaching residue pretreatment agent and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114308369A CN114308369A CN202111490017.6A CN202111490017A CN114308369A CN 114308369 A CN114308369 A CN 114308369A CN 202111490017 A CN202111490017 A CN 202111490017A CN 114308369 A CN114308369 A CN 114308369A
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- Prior art keywords
- zinc leaching
- agent
- concentration
- pretreatment
- grinding
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001739 silver mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052946 acanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Pb] JQJCSZOEVBFDKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940056910 silver sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a zinc leaching residue pretreating agent which comprises, by weight, 3-4.5 parts of aluminum sulfate and 1-3 parts of calcium oxide. Meanwhile, the invention also provides an application method of the zinc leaching residue pretreating agent. The pretreatment agent has the advantages of simple composition, low raw material cost, small medicament dosage, small environmental pollution, excellent flotation index and strong process applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing, in particular to a zinc leaching residue pretreating agent and an application method thereof.
Background
The zinc hydrometallurgy process has the advantages of good operation conditions, easy automation and continuity of production and the like, is a zinc smelting method which is commonly adopted at home and abroad at present, however, the process produces a large amount of zinc metal and also produces a large amount of zinc leaching residues, the leaching residues have strong acidity and high heavy metal content, the environmental pollution is caused when the zinc leaching residues are stockpiled in a slag yard, and the valuable metals such as gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc and the like contained in the residues are not effectively utilized, and the great resource waste is caused.
The method for recovering silver from the leaching residue is mainly divided into a pyrogenic process, a leaching process, a flotation process and the combined use of the above methods according to the occurrence state of silver minerals in the zinc leaching residue, the content of silver, and the difficulty degree of material treatment. Although the flotation method is preferably considered for leaching residues in which silver mainly exists in the form of silver sulfide, natural silver, and the like because of short process flow and low investment cost, most of the silver-containing minerals in the leaching residues are silica gel (H) generated in the zinc hydrometallurgy process although the floatability of the silver minerals is good4SO4) The coated silver ore can not generate hydrophobic reaction between the flotation reagent and the silver-containing mineral during direct flotation, so that the recovery rate of silver is low. Some researchers have adopted the process of 'heating pretreatment of leaching residue by sulfuric acid and flotation' to obtain better mineral separation indexes, but the method has the defects of large sulfuric acid consumption, high pretreatment temperature (80-100 ℃) and large consumption of alkaline agents used for flotation pulp mixing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the zinc leaching residue pretreating agent which is low in cost, small in pollution and good in flotation index.
The invention aims to solve another technical problem of providing an application method of the zinc leaching residue pretreating agent.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a zinc leaching residue pretreating agent, which is characterized in that: the pretreating agent consists of 3-4.5 parts of aluminum sulfate and 1-3 parts of calcium oxide in parts by weight.
The application method of the zinc leaching residue pretreatment agent comprises the following steps:
preprocessing:
adding water into the zinc leaching residues, and mixing the slurry until the liquid-solid ratio is 2-4: 1, adding 300-500 g of a pretreatment agent based on 1 t of zinc leaching residues, heating ore pulp to 35-45 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours, and separating to obtain an ore solution and pretreatment residues;
grinding:
adding water into the pretreated slag, mixing the slurry until the concentration is 50-60%, grinding the pretreated slag, and controlling the grinding fineness to be 85-95-0.038 mm to obtain an ore grinding product;
performing flotation:
adding water into the ground ore product, mixing the ground ore product with the water until the concentration is 28-33%, adding 200-300 g of activating agent copper sulfate and 150-300 g of collecting agent butylamine black powder based on 1 t of zinc leaching residues, and performing rough concentration, scavenging and fine concentration to obtain silver concentrate and tailings.
The method for adding the pretreatment agent in the steps comprises the steps of adding aluminum sulfate, reacting for 20-30 min, and then adding calcium oxide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts aluminum sulfate and calcium oxide as pretreating agents, aluminum ions with positive charge are dissociated from the aluminum sulfate in the ore pulp to promote the coagulation and the separation of the silica gel wrapping the silver, and the addition of the calcium oxide promotes the rapid coagulation of silica gel particles to promote the coagulation reaction of the silica gel, thereby exposing the silver minerals with good floatability.
2. The pretreatment agent has the advantages of simple composition, low raw material cost, small medicament dosage, small environmental pollution and strong process applicability.
3. Compared with the traditional direct flotation process, the silver flotation process has high silver flotation recovery rate and excellent flotation indexes.
4. Compared with the conventional sulfuric acid heating pretreatment method, the method is an acid-free pretreatment process, on one hand, the pretreatment heating temperature is low, only the heating is carried out to 35-45 ℃, while the sulfuric acid pretreatment method usually needs to be heated to 80-100 ℃, on the other hand, the acidity of the pretreated ore pulp is low, a large amount of strong acid pretreatment liquid does not need to be treated, a large amount of pH regulator does not need to be added for subsequent flotation, and the pretreated residue can be directly floated by adding a flotation reagent after size mixing.
Detailed Description
The zinc leaching residue pretreatment agent comprises, by weight, 3-4.5 parts of aluminum sulfate and 1-3 parts of calcium oxide.
The application method of the zinc leaching residue pretreating agent comprises the following steps:
preprocessing:
adding water into the zinc leaching residues, and mixing the slurry until the liquid-solid ratio is 2-4: 1, adding 300-500 g of a pretreatment agent based on 1 t of zinc leaching residues, heating ore pulp to 35-45 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1-2 h, and separating to obtain an ore solution and pretreatment residues respectively.
Wherein: the adding method of the pretreating agent is to add aluminum sulfate, react for 20-30 min and then add calcium oxide.
Grinding:
adding water into the pretreated slag, mixing the slurry until the concentration is 50-60%, grinding the slag, and controlling the fineness of the ground ore to be 85-95-0.038 mm to obtain an ore grinding product.
Performing flotation:
adding water into the ground ore product, mixing the ground ore product with the water until the concentration is 28-33%, adding 200-300 g of activating agent copper sulfate and 150-300 g of collecting agent butylamine black powder based on 1 t of zinc leaching residues, and performing rough concentration, scavenging and fine concentration to obtain silver concentrate and tailings.
Example 1
The silver grade of zinc leaching slag produced by a certain lead-zinc smelting plant is about 125 g/t.
Taking a proper amount of a representative sample of the leaching residue, adding water for size mixing until the liquid-solid ratio is 3:1, adding 350g/t of pretreating agent (the mixture ratio of the pretreating agent is 3.5 parts of aluminum sulfate and 2.5 parts of calcium oxide), heating ore pulp to 40 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1.5h, and separating to obtain an ore solution and pretreatment slag respectively. The obtained pretreatment slag is mixed to be slurry with the concentration of 55 percent, and grinding is carried out, and the grinding fineness is controlled to be 88 to 0.038 mm; and (3) mixing the ground ore product to a concentration of 35%, adding 200g/t of activating agent copper sulfate and 200g/t of collecting agent butylamine black medicine, and performing rough concentration, scavenging and fine concentration to obtain silver concentrate and tailings.
The silver grade of the flotation silver concentrate obtained by adopting the process conditions is 2104g/t, and the silver recovery rate is 83.71 percent.
Example 2
The silver grade of certain zinc leaching residue is about 502 g/t.
Taking a proper amount of a representative sample of the leaching slag, adding water for size mixing until the liquid-solid ratio is 4:1, adding 450g/t of a pretreating agent (the ratio of the pretreating agent to the agent is 4 parts of aluminum sulfate and 2 parts of calcium oxide), heating ore pulp to 45 ℃, stirring for reaction for 2 hours, and separating to obtain an ore solution and pretreatment slag respectively. The obtained pretreatment slag is mixed to be slurry with the concentration of 55 percent, and grinding is carried out, and the grinding fineness is controlled to be 90-0.038 mm; and (3) mixing the ground ore product to a concentration of 28%, adding 250g/t of activating agent copper sulfate and 300g/t of collecting agent butylamine black medicine, and performing rough concentration, scavenging and fine concentration to obtain silver concentrate and tailings.
The silver grade of the flotation silver concentrate obtained by adopting the process conditions is 5890g/t, and the silver recovery rate is 86.05%.
Example 3
The silver grade of certain zinc leaching residue is about 260 g/t.
Taking a proper amount of a representative sample of the leaching slag, adding water for size mixing until the liquid-solid ratio is 3:1, adding 400g/t of a pretreating agent (the ratio of the pretreating agent to the agent is 3 parts of aluminum sulfate and 2 parts of calcium oxide), heating ore pulp to 40 ℃, stirring for reaction for 2 hours, and separating to obtain an ore solution and pretreatment slag respectively. The obtained pretreatment slag is mixed to be slurry with the concentration of 55 percent, and grinding is carried out, and the grinding fineness is controlled to be 95-0.038 mm; and (3) mixing the ground ore product to a concentration of 33%, adding 200g/t of activating agent copper sulfate and 250g/t of collecting agent butylamine black medicine, and performing rough concentration, scavenging and fine concentration to obtain silver concentrate and tailings.
The silver grade of the flotation silver concentrate obtained by adopting the process conditions is 4300g/t, and the silver recovery rate is 84.12%.
Claims (3)
1. A zinc leaching residue pretreating agent is characterized in that: the pretreating agent consists of 3-4.5 parts of aluminum sulfate and 1-3 parts of calcium oxide in parts by weight.
2. The application method of the zinc leaching slag pretreating agent as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
preprocessing:
adding water into the zinc leaching residues, and mixing the slurry until the liquid-solid ratio is 2-4: 1, adding 300-500 g of a pretreatment agent based on 1 t of zinc leaching residues, heating ore pulp to 35-45 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours, and separating to obtain an ore solution and pretreatment residues;
grinding:
adding water into the pretreated slag, mixing the slurry until the concentration is 50-60%, grinding the pretreated slag, and controlling the grinding fineness to be 85-95-0.038 mm to obtain an ore grinding product;
performing flotation:
adding water into the ground ore product, mixing the ground ore product with the water until the concentration is 28-33%, adding 200-300 g of activating agent copper sulfate and 150-300 g of collecting agent butylamine black powder based on 1 t of zinc leaching residues, and performing rough concentration, scavenging and fine concentration to obtain silver concentrate and tailings.
3. The method for applying the zinc leaching residue pretreating agent according to claim 2, wherein the application method comprises the following steps: the method for adding the pretreatment agent in the steps comprises the steps of adding aluminum sulfate, reacting for 20-30 min, and then adding calcium oxide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111490017.6A CN114308369B (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | Pretreatment agent for zinc leaching slag and application method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111490017.6A CN114308369B (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | Pretreatment agent for zinc leaching slag and application method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114308369A true CN114308369A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
| CN114308369B CN114308369B (en) | 2024-08-20 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1174106A (en) * | 1956-04-04 | 1959-03-06 | Companhia Mercantil E Ind Inga | Process for the extraction, by hydrometallurgy, of zinc from ores formed by zinc silicate or other soluble silicates or containing these silicates |
| US4070260A (en) * | 1975-02-14 | 1978-01-24 | Compagnie Royale Asturienne Des Mines | Process of sulfuric acid leaching silicated zinc ores |
| CN113573817A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2021-10-29 | 美卓奥图泰芬兰有限公司 | Method and process arrangement for removing silicon-based compounds from a leaching solution, and use |
-
2021
- 2021-12-08 CN CN202111490017.6A patent/CN114308369B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1174106A (en) * | 1956-04-04 | 1959-03-06 | Companhia Mercantil E Ind Inga | Process for the extraction, by hydrometallurgy, of zinc from ores formed by zinc silicate or other soluble silicates or containing these silicates |
| US4070260A (en) * | 1975-02-14 | 1978-01-24 | Compagnie Royale Asturienne Des Mines | Process of sulfuric acid leaching silicated zinc ores |
| CN113573817A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2021-10-29 | 美卓奥图泰芬兰有限公司 | Method and process arrangement for removing silicon-based compounds from a leaching solution, and use |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 姚伟;李茂林;崔瑞;成岚;: "微细粒矿物的分选技术", 现代矿业, no. 01, 20 January 2015 (2015-01-20) * |
| 徐斌;杨俊奎;钟宏;姜涛;: "高硅氧化锌矿浸出工艺的研究", 昆明理工大学学报(理工版), no. 05, 15 October 2010 (2010-10-15), pages 1 * |
| 李国栋;彭建成;郭艳华;廖雪珍;: "西北某高铅银浸锌渣中银的浮选回收试验", 金属矿山, no. 11, 15 November 2016 (2016-11-15) * |
| 株洲冶炼厂科研所: "从锌浸出渣中浮选银的工业试验", 有色金属(选矿部分), no. 01, 15 January 1981 (1981-01-15) * |
| 王学猛;王桂萍;: "常规流程中锌浸出渣浮选银的工业改造实践", 湖南有色金属, no. 04, 15 August 2016 (2016-08-15) * |
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| CN114308369B (en) | 2024-08-20 |
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